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CFD_Problems Using FDM

The document outlines various computational fluid dynamics (CFD) problems for mathematics students, focusing on the Finite Difference Method. It includes scenarios such as heat conduction in a rod, one-dimensional diffusion in a pipe, and transient heat conduction in a 3D cube, each requiring the derivation of governing equations and numerical solutions. Each problem specifies parameters like dimensions, boundary conditions, and required calculations to determine temperature or concentration distributions.

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10 views

CFD_Problems Using FDM

The document outlines various computational fluid dynamics (CFD) problems for mathematics students, focusing on the Finite Difference Method. It includes scenarios such as heat conduction in a rod, one-dimensional diffusion in a pipe, and transient heat conduction in a 3D cube, each requiring the derivation of governing equations and numerical solutions. Each problem specifies parameters like dimensions, boundary conditions, and required calculations to determine temperature or concentration distributions.

Uploaded by

19203145
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CFD Problems for Mathematics Students using Finite Difference Method

1. Heat Conduction in a Rod


Question: A rod of length L = 1 m and thermal conductivity k = 50 W/mK is subjected to a
uniform heat source at one end and is insulated at the other end. The initial temperature
along the rod is T0 = 20°C. At the left end of the rod, the temperature is fixed at TL = 100°C,
and the right end is insulated.

• Derive the governing equation for the temperature distribution T(x,t) in the rod.
• Use the Finite Difference Method to solve the temperature distribution at x = 0.5 m
for t = 10 s, assuming the thermal diffusivity α = 0.01 m²/s.
• Provide the numerical solution for T(0.5, 10) using appropriate boundary conditions
and a spatial step Δx = 0.1 m and a time step Δt = 0.01 s.

2. One-Dimensional Diffusion in a Pipe


Question: A one-dimensional flow of fluid through a pipe of length L = 5 m has a constant
diffusion coefficient D = 0.5 m²/s. The initial concentration of the pollutant is uniform at C0 =
0 mol/m³, and the concentration at both ends of the pipe is maintained at zero.

• Write the governing equation for pollutant concentration C(x,t) in the pipe.
• Solve for the concentration at x = 2.5 m and t = 5 seconds using the Finite Difference
Method with a spatial step Δx = 0.5 m and time step Δt = 0.1 s.

3. Temperature Distribution in a Two-Dimensional Plate


Question: A thin rectangular plate of dimensions Lx = 2 m and Ly = 1 m is subjected to a
uniform heat source of Q = 100 W/m² on its surface. The initial temperature is uniform at
T0 = 20°C. The temperature at the edges of the plate is maintained at T_edge = 100°C.

• Derive the heat conduction equation for temperature distribution T(x, y, t).
• Use the Finite Difference Method to solve for T(1, 0.5, t) at t = 5 seconds, assuming
the thermal diffusivity α = 0.02 m²/s and grid sizes Δx = 0.5 m and Δy = 0.5 m.

4. Fluid Flow in a Channel (Incompressible)


Question: Consider a steady-state, incompressible flow through a rectangular channel with a
width Lx = 3 m and height Ly = 1 m. The velocity field in the channel is governed by the
incompressible Navier-Stokes equation, simplified to the Poisson equation for velocity:
∂²u/∂x² + ∂²u/∂y² = 0, where u(x,y) is the velocity along the channel.

• Derive the Finite Difference approximation for the velocity field u(x,y).
• Solve for u(1, 0.5) using a grid size of Δx = 0.5 m and Δy = 0.5 m under the boundary
conditions of no-slip at the channel walls.

5. Heat Conduction with Phase Change


Question: Consider a one-dimensional material undergoing phase change (e.g., melting) at
T_melt = 50°C. The material is heated from one end while the other end is insulated. The
thermal conductivity k = 100 W/mK, latent heat L = 200 kJ/kg, and initial temperature T0 =
20°C are known.

• Write the governing equation for heat conduction with phase change.
• Use the Finite Difference Method to solve for the temperature at x = 0.5 m at t = 10
seconds, assuming α = 0.02 m²/s and using a spatial step Δx = 0.1 m and time step Δt
= 0.01 s.

6. Pollutant Dispersion in Air (Wind Tunnel)


Question: Consider a wind tunnel where a pollutant is released at x = 0 and spreads in the
flow direction. The wind speed is u = 2 m/s, and the diffusion coefficient is D = 0.1 m²/s. The
initial concentration at x = 0 is C0 = 10 mol/m³, and the concentration at the tunnel walls is
zero.

• Write the advection-diffusion equation governing the concentration C(x,t).


• Solve for C(2, 5) using the Finite Difference Method with spatial step Δx = 0.5 m and
time step Δt = 1 s.

7. Two-Dimensional Heat Transfer in a Cylinder


Question: A cylindrical object of radius R = 1 m and length L = 2 m is subjected to a constant
heat source inside. The temperature at the ends is maintained at T_end = 100°C, and the
lateral surface is insulated.

• Derive the governing equation for heat conduction in cylindrical coordinates.


• Use the Finite Difference Method to solve for the temperature at r = 0.5 m and z = 1
m, assuming α = 0.02 m²/s and appropriate grid sizes Δr = 0.1 m and Δz = 0.1 m.

8. Transient Heat Conduction in a 3D Cube


Question: Solve for the temperature distribution T(x,y,z,t) in a cube with side length L = 1 m,
initially at T0 = 20°C. The cube is subjected to a heat source of Q = 100 W/m³ and the
temperature at the boundary is maintained at T_boundary = 100°C.

• Write the governing equation for transient heat conduction in 3D.


• Use the Finite Difference Method to find the temperature at x = 0.5 m, y = 0.5 m, z =
0.5 m at t = 10 seconds, using grid sizes Δx = 0.1 m, Δy = 0.1 m, Δz = 0.1 m, and a time
step Δt = 0.1 s.

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