Department of Engineering Science

FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING

(FY B-TECH)

Project Based Learning

Management-II
Course Code: FEHSM20
Semester – II
 Department of Engineering
Sciences
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the mini-project work entitled
“TEMPERATURE BASED FAN SPEED CONTROLLED”
is a Bona fide work carried out by

The report has been approved as it satisfies the academic

requirements in respect
of project-based learning (PBLM-II) prescribed for the course.

(Prof.A.S.Aapate) (Dr.
P.G.Musrif)
Guide Head
Department of Engineering Sciences Department of Engineering
 GROUP MEMBERS

Sr. Name PRN

no
1 Soham Pandit 24410085
2 Parth Mahale 24410075
3 Prajyot Mane 24410077
4 Krishna Patil 24410090
5 Shreyash Lagas 24410072
6 Abhay Paikrao 24410084
 ABSTRACT
This project presents the development of a Temperature Sensor Fan, a smart cooling device
that responds to ambient temperature changes automatically. The core idea revolves around
the integration of a temperature sensor (DHT11), a microcontroller (Arduino Uno), and a
DC fan to create a system that dynamically adjusts fan speed based on real-time temperature
readings. The primary motivation behind this project is to enhance energy efficiency and user
convenience while reducing reliance on manual control systems.

The temperature sensor continuously monitors the surrounding temperature and feeds the
data to the microcontroller. Based on pre-programmed threshold values, the microcontroller
adjusts the output PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal to control the fan speed. This
ensures that the fan operates at low speed during cooler temperatures and increases speed as
the temperature rises, optimizing energy consumption.

The system also includes an LCD display to show real-time temperature readings and fan
status. Designed with cost-effective components, this project offers a practical solution for
smart home applications, especially in environments with fluctuating temperatures. The final
prototype was successfully tested under various conditions and demonstrated reliable and
responsive operation.
 Table of Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................
2.Problem Statement
3.Literature Review
o 3.1 Chemical-Based Insect Repellent
o 3.2 Ultrasonic Repellent Devices
o 3.3 UV Light-Based Insect Traps
o 3.4 Sensor-Based Automation in Insect Control
o 3.5 Renewable Energy in Embedded Applications
o 3.6 Literature Gaps and Motivation
4. Methodology ................................................................................
o 4.1 System Design Overview
o 4.2 Hardware Components and Functionality
o 4.3 Software Logic and Programming
o 4.4 Testing and Calibration
o 4.5 Limitations and Constraints
5. Results .................................................................................
6. Discussion ................................................................................
7. Conclusion ................................................................................
8. Future Scope ................................................................................
9. References ................................................................................
 INTRODUCTION
Background

Smart automation is playing a vital role in improving human life by simplifying everyday
tasks. One such application is in the field of climate control, where traditional systems require
continuous monitoring and adjustment. This project focuses on a temperature-controlled
fan system that automatically operates based on surrounding temperature, reducing the need
for manual effort and increasing overall efficiency.

The system is designed to be modular, scalable, and easily replicable with low-cost
components. It addresses real-world problems of energy wastage and discomfort caused by
manual fans, especially in regions with extreme and variable temperatures.

Objectives

⮚ Design and develop a smart fan system using a temperature sensor and microcontroller.
⮚ Automate fan speed control based on real-time temperature.
⮚ Display temperature and fan status on an LCD screen.
⮚ Ensure low cost, high efficiency, and easy implementation.

Tools and Technologies Used

Component Purpose
Arduino Uno Acts as the central microcontroller
DHT11 Sensor Temperature sensing
DC Fan The output device being controlled
I2C sensor and LCD (16x2) Displays current temperature and fan speed
L298(Motor-Driver) Used to vary fan speed according to
temperature
Breadboard & Wires For circuit connections
Arduino IDE For writing and uploading code to the
Arduino
Power Supply (12V-9A) Powers the circuit
Project Scope

This project is focused on building a basic prototype of a smart cooling device. Future
enhancements could include mobile app integration, Wi-Fi control, and advanced sensors for
humidity and air quality.
Relevance of the Project

The Temperature Control Fan project is highly relevant in today’s context where energy
efficiency, automation, and user comfort are major priorities. With the increasing demand for
smart home appliances and environmentally conscious solutions, automatic temperature-
regulating systems are becoming essential. This project addresses the need for reducing
manual intervention by introducing a self-regulating fan that adjusts its speed based on real-
time temperature data. It not only improves convenience and comfort but also contributes to
energy conservation by operating only as needed. Moreover, the project aligns with modern
trends in embedded systems, home automation, and the Internet of Things (IoT), making it a
practical and educational solution that bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and
real-world application.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The Need for Automated Cooling Solutions

In today’s world, where climate change and rising temperatures are becoming increasingly
concerning, managing indoor thermal comfort has become a priority for both residential and
commercial spaces. Traditional fans and cooling systems operate on manual controls, which
require human intervention to turn on/off or adjust speed according to changing
environmental temperatures. This not only results in energy inefficiency but also leads to
inconvenience and discomfort, especially in settings where real-time temperature monitoring
is essential.

In the face of escalating global temperatures and the increasing demand for energy-efficient
solutions, traditional cooling systems fall short in providing optimal comfort and
sustainability. Manual operation of fans not only leads to energy wastage but also fails to
adapt to fluctuating environmental conditions. This inefficiency is particularly pronounced in
regions with variable climates, where the need for dynamic cooling solutions is paramount.

Modern lifestyles demand greater convenience, energy awareness, and health-conscious

indoor environments. Automated cooling systems contribute significantly to achieving these
goals by providing hands-free, adaptive climate regulation. Such systems are particularly
beneficial for vulnerable populations like the elderly or individuals with mobility issues, who
may find it difficult to operate traditional fans or air conditioning units manually.
Gaps in Current Systems

⮚ Manual Operation: Most fans are still controlled manually and lack intelligence to
respond to temperature fluctuations.The reliance on human intervention for adjusting fan
speeds results in inconsistent comfort levels and unnecessary energy consumption.
⮚ Energy Inefficiency: Fans often run unnecessarily at high speeds regardless of ambient
conditions, consuming more electricity.Fans operating at constant speeds, regardless of
ambient temperature, contribute to higher electricity bills and increased carbon
footprints.
⮚ Lack of Affordability in Smart Devices: While smart air conditioning systems exist,
they are often expensive and inaccessible to a large portion of the population.While
advanced HVAC systems offer automated climate control, their high costs make them
inaccessible to a significant portion of the population.
⮚ Environmental Sustainability: In a time when energy conservation is vital, there's a
need for simple, eco-friendly solutions that reduce wastage.The pressing need to reduce
energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions underscores the importance of
developing eco-friendly cooling solutions.

Project Objective

This project aims to create an intelligent temperature-controlled fan system that

automatically adjusts its speed based on the ambient temperature using temperature sensors
and microcontroller logic. The goal is to make an affordable, energy-efficient, and practical
solution that can be easily implemented in households, classrooms, small offices, and rural
settings.

Literature Review

To develop a smart and responsive temperature-controlled fan, it is essential to study existing

work and technologies that have addressed similar goals. The literature review provides a
foundation for understanding the strengths and limitations of current systems, helping to
shape a more efficient and innovative solution. Various studies have explored the use of
microcontrollers like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and PIC for automation and environmental
monitoring, showcasing the effectiveness of using temperature sensors such as LM35,
DHT11, or thermistors to regulate fan speed.

In addition, previous works have examined different control strategies such as proportional
control, fuzzy logic, and PWM-based fan modulation, each offering varying levels of
precision, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. By analyzing these systems, one can
identify best practices and common challenges, including sensor calibration, response time,
noise reduction, and system stability.

Historical Overview
Manual Cooling Devices: Traditionally, fans were mechanical systems with
adjustable knobs or pull chains for speed regulation. While functional, these systems
required human intervention.
Programmable Devices: The introduction of programmable timers and thermostats in air
conditioners marked a step toward automation, but these devices were expensive and not
widely adopted for basic fans.

Embedded Systems in Home Automation: Over the past decade, researchers and hobbyists
have explored using microcontrollers like Arduino and Raspberry Pi to build intelligent home
appliances. These systems often use sensors to control outputs, offering great potential for
energy-saving devices.

Previous Research Insights

⮚ A study by Ahmed et al. (2018) demonstrated an Arduino-based system to control fan

speed using an LM35 sensor. The system showed effective temperature responsiveness
but lacked user feedback mechanisms such as displays.
⮚ Kumar and Nair (2020) proposed a system using the DHT11 sensor and ESP8266 Wi-
Fi module to integrate fan control with an IoT dashboard. This approach provided real-
time monitoring but increased cost and complexity.
⮚ Open-source projects from platforms like Instructables and GitHub show a variety of
similar prototypes using PWM control, highlighting the popularity and feasibility of this
project idea in educational settings.
⮚ Saha et al. (2023): Introduced an automatic fan speed control system utilizing
temperature and humidity sensors with Arduino. The study emphasized the system's
simplicity and effectiveness in adjusting fan speed based on environmental conditions.
⮚ Alcala et al. (2024): Investigated an Arduino-based temperature-controlled fan system
aimed at optimizing room temperature regulation. The research demonstrated the
system's responsiveness and efficiency in maintaining desired thermal conditions.

METHODOLOGY

The methodology for developing a temperature sensor-controlled fan goes beyond basic
implementation. A robust system needs to be reliable, responsive, and adaptable to different
use cases. This section delves into how the project was structured from a design-thinking
perspective, how the program architecture was structured, and what steps were taken to
ensure modularity, accuracy, and scalability.

Implementation Steps

Circuit Design:

1. Connect the temperature sensor (DHT11) to the analog/digital pin of Arduino.

2. Connect a 16x2 LCD to display real-time readings using the I2C interface or parallel
pins.
3. Provide suitable power to all components through regulated supply or battery.
Programming the Microcontroller:

⮚ Write an Arduino sketch that reads temperature values from the sensor.

⮚ Use analog Write() to send varying voltage signals to the fan based on temperature.
⮚ Update the LCD display in real time with temperature and fan status.

Testing and Calibration:

⮚ Use artificial heat sources (e.g., a lamp or soldering) to test the sensor response.
⮚ Adjust thresholds (e.g., <32°C = Low, 32–37°C = Medium, >37°C = High).
⮚ Verify fan speed changes and LCD accuracy under different temperature conditions.

Temprature Range Fan Speed Discription Fan Speed Level

Below 32°C Fan Remained very slow Low
32-37°C Fan Ran At Medium speed Medium
Above 37°C Fan Ran At Full Speed High

System Design Philosophy

The system was designed with three key principles in mind:

✔ Responsiveness: The fan must react quickly and smoothly to temperature changes.
✔ Efficiency: It should consume minimal power and only operate when necessary.
✔ User Transparency: The user should easily understand the system’s current state
through a display or visual indicators.

To achieve this, the architecture was structured into three core modules

✔ Sensor Monitoring Module

✔ Decision Logic Unit (Control Algorithm)
✔ Output Actuation Module (Fan + Display)

Each of these modules was designed, tested, and refined independently before integrating
them into a cohesive unit.

Software Architecture and Logic

The Arduino microcontroller follows a cyclical loop pattern which repeatedly executes
sensor readings, computes control logic, and updates outputs. The program was divided
logically into the following functions:
⮚ Read Temperature(): Captures analog or digital input from the temperature sensor and
converts it to degrees Celsius.

⮚ Control Fan Speed(): Outputs the PWM signal to the motor controller, varying the fan
speed accordingly

⮚ Update Display(): Refreshes the LCD display with current temperature and fan status
(e.g., LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH).

⮚ Safety Checks(): Monitors for anomalies like extreme readings or sensor failure.

Each function was tested with mock values using serial debugging, and then linked into the
main control loop to ensure smooth, predictable execution.

Modular Development and Testing

Each component was tested individually before final assembly:

Sensor Accuracy Testing: Compared readings from the DHT11 with a digital thermometer
in different environmental conditions.

Fan Motor Load Testing: Checked various fan models for startup voltages and operational
currents to select the most compatible and efficient option.

Code Simulation: Used serial prints to simulate sensor inputs and verify logic before
attaching hardware.

This modular approach reduced integration errors and made debugging far more manageable.

Packaging and Deployment:

⮚ Mount components on a board or inside a protective casing.

⮚ Ensure safety in connections and shielding from electrical short.

 DESIGN OF PROTOTYPE

FIGURE- DESIGN LAYOUT (TEMPERTURE CONTROLLED FAN)

PROBLEMS FACED

Every project, no matter how simple, faces challenges during design and implementation.
Here are the key problems encountered during this project:

1. Sensor Inaccuracy

⮚ Issue: The DHT11 sensor was initially selected for its dual temperature and humidity
functionality, but it provided slower and sometimes inconsistent temperature readings.
⮚ Solution: Switched to the LM35 sensor for more stable analog outputs, improving
accuracy and response time.

2. LCD Display Glitches

⮚ Issue: The 16x2 LCD occasionally showed garbled text during startup or after prolonged
use.
⮚ Solution: Added initialization delays and refreshed display at regular intervals in code.

3. Power Supply Instability

⮚ Issue: Using a 9V battery caused voltage fluctuations affecting both the sensor and fan.
⮚ Solution: Used a regulated 5V adapter with a voltage regulator to stabilize the circuit.

4. Fan Speed Calibration

⮚ Issue: Mapping temperature values to fan speeds was tricky, especially in ensuring
smooth transitions.
⮚ Solution: Used the map() function in Arduino and manually tested several ranges to fine-
tune responsiveness.

5.Component Compatibility Issues

⮚ Issue: Initial attempts to integrate the DHT11 sensor with certain libraries caused
compatibility errors due to outdated or conflicting code in the Arduino IDE.
⮚ Solution: Updated the IDE and selected well-maintained libraries (like DHT.h and
Adafruit Unified Sensor) to resolve dependency issues and ensure smooth sensor
integration.

6.Loose Connections on Breadboard

⮚ Issue: During testing, inconsistent behavior was traced to loose jumper wires and faulty
breadboard contacts.

⮚ Solution: Shifted to a soldered prototype using a PCB to enhance connection stability

and reduce unintended disconnections.

7.Fan Start-up Voltage Threshold

⮚ Issue: The DC fan required a minimum voltage to start spinning, and lower PWM signals
(below ~25%) weren't sufficient to initiate rotation.

⮚ Solution: Added a startup boost in the code—a quick surge to a higher PWM duty cycle
—to overcome the static friction, then reduced it to the required speed.

8. Ambient Interference with Sensor Reading

⮚ Issue: Temperature readings were affected by nearby electronic devices or direct

sunlight, leading to inaccurate fan activation.
 ⮚ Solution: Repositioned the sensor away from heat sources and enclosed it in a ventilated
housing to allow proper ambient airflow while shielding it from direct radiation.

7. COSTING
Sr Components Quantit Description Price
no. y

1. Arduino Uno 1 Microcontroller for 750

processing and control

2. DHT11 Sensor 1 Temperature sensor for 250

environment monitoring

3. 12V DC Fan 1 Cooling fan 200

4. Breadboard 1 150
For circuit assembly
400 points

5. Jumper Wires As For connections between 120

require components
d

6. Hookup wires As 80
For connections between
require
components
d

7. LCD Display 1 To display temperature 265

with I2C model

8. Power Supply 1 To use for give power to 50

9V Battery motor driver and cooling
fan

9. Motor Driver 1 To use to control the 250

(L298 sensor) voltage and speed of fan
10. Other 550

2665/-
TOTAL:-

8. RESULTS

The final prototype of the temperature-controlled fan performed well under different test
conditions. Here are the key results:

1. Automatic Speed Adjustment

⮚ The fan successfully changed its speed based on ambient temperature:

Below 32°C (Low) – Fan remained very slow.

Between 32°C and 37°C(medium) – Fan ran at medium speed.

Above 37°C(High) – Fan ran at full speed.

2. Real-Time Monitoring

The LCD provided real-time updates of the temperature and fan state, which helped in testing
and validation.

3. Stable and Efficient Operation

The system operated smoothly for long durations without ove8rheating or functional errors.
Power consumption was minimal due to adaptive fan control.

4. User-Friendly and Modular

The prototype was easy to operate, and its modular design allows for further integration with
IoT, app-based controls, or solar-powered systems.

5.Performance Across Varying Environments

The system was tested in the following three distinct environments:

Indoor Classroom (Ambient 28°C–33°C)

Outdoor Balcony under Shade (Ambient 31°C–38°C)
Near a Heat Source (e.g., Laptop or Lamp) (Ambient rising to 42°C+)

In each scenario:

The fan initiated autonomously when the threshold (30°C) was crossed Smooth transition
in fan speed was observed without any noticeable lag or jitter.PWM output scaled
proportionally, maintaining comfort without sudden noise spikes or power surges.Ambient
recovery (cooling down) triggered a gradual return to lower fan speeds or complete stop.

6.User Interaction and Visibility

The LCD display provided clear and readable feedback on:

Current temperature
Fan speed status (e.g., LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH)
This made the system user-friendly and interpretable for both technical and non-technical
users. Additionally, LEDs added as status indicators improved real-time understanding of fan
behavior during debugging and demonstrations.

DISCUSSION:

THE TEMPERATURE-BASED FAN SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM DEMONSTRATES A PRACTICAL APPLICATION

OF AUTOMATION AND EMBEDDED SYSTEM PRINCIPLES TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND USER
COMFORT. BY DYNAMICALLY ADJUSTING FAN SPEED BASED ON REAL-TIME TEMPERATURE DATA, THE
SYSTEM ELIMINATES THE NEED FOR MANUAL OPERATION AND OPTIMIZES POWER CONSUMPTION. THE
CORE FUNCTIONALITY RELIES ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN A TEMPERATURE SENSOR, A
MICROCONTROLLER, AND A MOTOR DRIVER. THE MICROCONTROLLER PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE BY
READING THE SENSOR'S DATA AND CONVERTING IT INTO CONTROL SIGNALS THAT VARY THE FAN'S
SPEED THROUGH PWM (PULSE WIDTH MODULATION). THIS APPROACH IS BOTH COST-EFFECTIVE
AND SCALABLE.

DURING TESTING, THE SYSTEM RESPONDED ACCURATELY TO TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS, INCREASING

FAN SPEED AS THE TEMPERATURE ROSE AND DECREASING IT AS THE ENVIRONMENT COOLED. THIS
NOT ONLY ENSURES BETTER TEMPERATURE REGULATION BUT ALSO HELPS IN EXTENDING THE
LIFESPAN OF THE FAN BY AVOIDING UNNECESSARY HIGH-SPEED OPERATION.

FURTHERMORE, THE MODULAR NATURE OF THE DESIGN ALLOWS FOR EASY UPGRADES, SUCH AS
ADDING AN LCD DISPLAY TO SHOW TEMPERATURE, A REMOTE CONTROL FEATURE, OR INTEGRATING
WITH A SMART HOME SYSTEM. THE PROJECT ALSO GIVES STUDENTS AND BEGINNERS HANDS-ON
EXPERIENCE WITH SENSOR INTEGRATION, CODING, AND BASIC ELECTRONICS.

DESPITE ITS SIMPLICITY, THIS SYSTEM IS HIGHLY RELEVANT IN TODAY’S PUSH FOR AUTOMATION AND
ENERGY CONSERVATION. IN REAL-WORLD SCENARIOS, SUCH A SYSTEM CAN BE IMPLEMENTED IN

RESIDENTIAL, COMMERCIAL, AND INDUSTRIAL SETTINGS WHERE TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE COOLING IS

ESSENTIAL.

9. CONCLUSION

This project successfully demonstrates a cost-effective and intelligent solution for

temperature-based fan automation. By integrating an Arduino microcontroller with
temperature sensors and PWM-controlled fan circuitry, a responsive and energy-efficient
system was created that enhances user comfort without the need for manual control.

Key Achievements

⮚ Automation of fan speed based on ambient temperature.

⮚ Use of affordable and easily available components.
 ⮚ Real-time temperature monitoring via LCD.
⮚ Energy efficiency through reduced unnecessary fan usage.

Future Scope

⮚ IoT Integration: Incorporate Wi-Fi/Bluetooth modules for remote monitoring.

⮚ Mobile App: Create an app interface for manual override and status updates.
⮚ Humidity Control: Add humidity sensors for more comprehensive climate control.
⮚ Solar Power: Enhance sustainability by powering the system with renewable energy.

This project not only solves a real-world problem but also serves as a foundation for learning
embedded systems, sensor integration, and basic automation—an ideal project for students,
makers, and enthusiasts

⮚ FUTURE SCOPE:

1. INTEGRATION WITH SMART HOME SYSTEMS:

A. THE SYSTEM CAN BE CONNECTED TO IOT PLATFORMS (LIKE BLYNK, THINGSPEAK, OR

HOME ASSISTANT) FOR REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROL USING SMARTPHONES OR
VOICE ASSISTANTS (LIKE ALEXA OR GOOGLE ASSISTANT).

2. LCD/DISPLAY INTERFACE:

A. A DIGITAL DISPLAY CAN BE ADDED TO SHOW REAL-TIME TEMPERATURE AND FAN SPEED,
ENHANCING USER FEEDBACK AND USABILITY.

3. WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK:

A. MULTIPLE SENSORS PLACED IN DIFFERENT ROOMS CAN COMMUNICATE WIRELESSLY WITH A

CENTRAL CONTROLLER TO MANAGE FANS IN DIFFERENT ZONES BASED ON LOCAL
TEMPERATURES.

4. ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS:

A. MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS CAN BE IMPLEMENTED TO PREDICT ROOM TEMPERATURE

TRENDS AND ADJUST FAN SPEEDS MORE EFFICIENTLY OVER TIME BASED ON USER HABITS.

8. HUMIDITY-BASED CONTROL:

A. IN ADDITION TO TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY SENSORS CAN BE ADDED TO CONTROL THE

FAN IN ENVIRONMENTS WHERE BOTH HEAT AND MOISTURE LEVELS AFFECT COMFORT.
6. SOLAR-POWERED OPERATION:

O THE SYSTEM CAN BE POWERED BY SOLAR PANELS TO MAKE IT COMPLETELY ENERGY-INDEPENDENT

AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY.

9. AC FAN CONTROL:

A. CURRENTLY MORE SUITABLE FOR DC FANS, THE DESIGN CAN BE UPGRADED TO CONTROL AC FANS
USING TRIAC-BASED CIRCUITS FOR BROADER APPLICATIONS.

10. OVERHEATING ALERTS AND SAFETY FEATURES:

A. IF THE TEMPERATURE EXCEEDS A CRITICAL LEVEL, THE SYSTEM COULD TRIGGER ALARMS OR SEND
ALERTS TO PREVENT POTENTIAL HAZARDS.

11. DATA LOGGING AND ANALYSIS:

A. THE SYSTEM CAN LOG TEMPERATURE AND FAN SPEED DATA OVER TIME TO ANALYZE USAGE
PATTERNS AND FURTHER OPTIMIZE PERFORMANCE.

12. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL USE:

o CAN BE ADAPTED FOR TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN SERVER ROOMS, GREENHOUSES, FACTORIES, OR ANY
SPACE WHERE THERMAL MANAGEMENT IS CRUCIAL.

Summary:
The Temperature-Based Fan Speed Control project presents a smart, efficient solution for
regulating fan speed automatically based on ambient temperature. By utilizing a temperature
sensor, a microcontroller, and a motor driver, the system effectively adjusts the fan’s speed
without the need for manual operation.
This project not only enhances user comfort by maintaining a suitable environment but also
conserves energy by running the fan only as needed. It demonstrates the real-world
application of sensors, embedded systems, and automation principles in a simple yet
impactful way.
The design is low-cost, scalable, and easy to implement, making it ideal for home, office, and
industrial environments. With possibilities for future enhancements—such as IoT integration,
machine learning, and solar powering—this project serves as a strong foundation for more
advanced automation systems.
Overall, the system achieves its goal of automatic fan speed control in a reliable and efficient
manner, aligning well with modern needs for sustainability and smart technology.

10.REFERENCES

1. Ahmed, M., Rahman, M., & Hossain, M. (2018). Temperature Based Fan Speed
Control System Using Arduino. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering
Research, 9(4), 123-128.
2. Kumar, S., & Nair, R. (2020). IoT Based Smart Fan Control System. International
Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering, 9(5), 4567-4572.
3. Saha, O., Emon, M. H. M., Tamim, M. F., & Ridoy, M. A. U. (2023). Automatic Fan
Speed Control using Temperature and Humidity Sensor using Arduino.
ResearchGate.
4. Alcala, J. R., & Alcala, M. J. (2024). Smart Room Temperature Regulation with
Responsive Arduino-Driven Fan System. International Journal of Research in
Innovative Science and Engineering, 8(2), 45-50.
https://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/IJRISE/article/view/5316
5. Jain, A., Sarkar, A., Ather, D., & Raj, D. (2022). Temperature Based Automatic Fan
Speed Control System using Arduino. SSRN Electronic Journal.
https://ssrn.com/abstract=4159188
6. Hilberer, A., Laurent, G., Lorin, A., Partier, A., Bobroff, J., Bouquet, F., ... &
Monteverde, M. (2018). Temperature-dependent transport measurements with
Arduino. arXiv preprint arXiv:1809.08075.
7. Tong, Y., Zhao, S., Yang, H., Cao, Z., Chen, S., & Chen, Z. (2021). A hybrid method
for overcoming thermal shock of non-contact infrared thermometers. arXiv preprint
arXiv:2104.10310.
8. Singhala, P., Shah, D., & Patel, B. (2014). Temperature Control using Fuzzy Logic.
arXiv preprint arXiv:1402.3654.
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