Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Your notes

Maths: Core
Basic Angle Properties
Contents
Angles around Points & Lines
Angles in Triangles
Angles in Quadrilaterals

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 Angles around Points & Lines
Your notes
Basic Angle Properties
What are the basic angle properties?
Angles around a point add up to 360°
Angles that form a straight line add up to 180°
Vertically opposite angles are equal
Vertically opposite angles occur when two lines intersect, as in the diagram below

Examiner Tips and Tricks

Worked Example
The diagram below shows three straight lines intersecting at a point.

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 Your notes

Find the values of x and y .

Vertically opposite angles between two intersecting lines are equal

x = 25
Angles that meet on a straight line add up to 180°

x + y + 98 = 180
25 + y + 98 = 180
123 + y = 180
Solve to find y

y = 180 − 123
y = 57
x = 25 , y = 57

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 Angles in Triangles
Your notes
Angles in Triangles
What are the angle properties of triangles?
The three interior angles inside any triangle add up to 180°
If the triangle is isosceles then two angles will be equal
These will be the two angles opposite the two sides of equal length
If the triangle is equilateral then all three angles will be equal
Each angle will equal 60°
A right-angled triangle has one 90° angle

Examiner Tips and Tricks

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 Find all the missing angles that you can using the angles that are given to you in a
question
Your notes
They might not seem to help you straight away but having more angles will
lead you to find the angle you need

Worked Example
The diagram below is formed using three straight lines. Find the value of x .

Label the other missing angles inside the triangle

Vertically opposite angles between two intersecting lines are equal

y = 60

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Angles that meet on a straight line add up to 180°

z + 130 = 180 Your notes

x + 60 + 50 = 180
x + 110 = 180
x = 70

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 Angles in Quadrilaterals
Your notes
Angles in Quadrilaterals
What are the angle properties of quadrilaterals?
The four interior angles inside any quadrilateral add up to 360°
If the quadrilateral is a square or a rectangle then all the angles are equal to 90°
You can use any symmetries of the quadrilateral to identify other equal angles
For a parallelogram or rhombus, opposite angles are equal
For a kite, one pair of opposite angles are equal

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Examiner Tips and Tricks
Find all the missing angles that you can using the angles that are given to you in a Your notes
question
They might not seem to help you straight away but having more angles will
lead you to find the angle you need

Worked Example
The diagram below shows an irregular quadrilateral. Find the value of y .

Find the missing angle inside the quadrilateral using the rule 'angles in a quadrilateral
add up to 360°
First, add together the three given angles

97 + 115 + 85 = 297
Subtract the answer from 360°

360 − 297 = 63
Add this to the diagram

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 Your notes

Angles on a straight line add up to 180°, so subtract the answer from 180°

y + 63 = 180
y = 180 − 63
y = 117
y = 117

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