ANALYSIS OF WINDLOAD

This wind load calculations is based on NSCP 2015, Table 207C.2-1.

(The table shows the steps in determining Wind Loads on MWFRS Low-Rise Buildings)

1. DESIGN PARAMETERS 2. ENCLOSURE CLASSIFICATION

1.1 TRUSS PARAMETERS Ao = Total area of openings in a wall that receives positive
1.1-1 Length of Truss, Lt 20 m external pressure, in m 2
1.1-2 Height of Truss, Ht 2.1 m Aoi = The sum of the areas of the openings in the building
1.1-3 Bay Length, Bl 6 m envelope (walls and roof) not including Ao, in m 2
1.1-4 Spacing of Purlins, Sp 0.8 m Ag = The gross area of that wall in which Ao is identified, in m 2
1.1-5 Roof Slope, ϴ 11.86 ° Agi = The sum of the gross surface areas of the building
1.1-6 sin ϴ 0.206 ° envelope(walls and roof) not including Ag, in m 2
1.1-7 cos ϴ 0.979 °
1.2 BUILDING DIMENSION ENCLOSURE CLASSIFICATION:
1.2-1 Total Height of the Building 15.6 m Ao = 2.4(4)(17)+2.55(0.6)(24)+3(3.8)(1) 1. Ao > 1.10Aoi
1.2-2 Mean Roof Height of the Building 14.55 m Ao = 211.32 m2 211.32>1.10(418.2)
1.2-3 Height of the Building 13.5 m Aoi = (2(2.1)(2)+3(2.1)(1))(2)+10.8(4)(9) 211.32 < 460.02
1.3 LOCATION OF THE BUILDING Aoi = 418.2 m2 2. Ao > smaller of (0.5m2 or 0.01Ag)
1.3-1 Purok Datu Kaka Poblacion 1, Cotabato City Ag = 108(13.5)-211.32 & Aoi/Agi
1.4 TYPE OF BUILDING Ag = 1246.68 m2 Ao > 0.01Ag
1.4-1 ASSEMBLY BUILDING Agi = [108(13.5)+20(13.5)(2)]-418.2 211.32 > 0.01(1246.7)
1.5 ROOF PARAMETERS Agi = 1579.8 m2 211.32 > 12.4668
Onduline Corrugated Aoi
/Agi <̲ 0.20
1.5-1 Name of Roof
Bituminous Roof /Agi
Aoi
= 418.2/1579.8
1.5-2 Weight of roof 3.3 kg/m2 /Agi
Aoi
= 0.265
0.265 > 0.2

Since the building does not comply with the requirements for open and
partially enclosed, therefore; The Building is ENCLOSED.
METHOD USED: PERMITTED PROCEDURES (207A.1.2, NSCP 2015)
The design wind loads for buildings and other structures, including the MWFRS and C&C elements thereof, shall be determined using one of the procedures as specified in
this article. An outline of the overall process for the determination of the wind loads, including section references, is provided in Figure 207A.1-1.

MAIN WIND-FORCE RESISTING SYSTEM (MWFRS) (207A.1.2.1, NSCP 2015)

Wind loads for MWFRS shall be determined using one of the following procedures:
1. Directional Procedure for buildings of all heights as specified in Section 207B for buildings meeting the requirements specified therein;
2. Envelope Procedure for low-rise buildings as specified in section 207C for buildings meeting the requirements specified therein;
3. Directional Procedure for Building Appurtenances (rooftop structures and rooftop equipment) and other structures (such as solid freestanding walls and solid
freestanding signs, chimneys, tanks, open signs, lattice frameworks, and trussed towers) as specified in section 207D; or
4. Wind Tunnel Procedure for al buildings and all other structures as specified in section 207F.

1.5 CLASSIFICATION OF THE BUILDING

Special Occupancy Category (Category III)
1.5-1 OCCUPANCY CATEGORY (Table 103-1, NSCP 2015)
1.5-2 CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING'S HEIGHT LOW-RISE BUILDING
1.5-3 ENCLOSURE CLASSIFICATION ENCLOSED
1.5-4 RIGIDITY RIGID
2. WIND LOAD DATA 4. Computation of Velocity Pressure (Eq.207-15)
2.1 Total Height of the Building 15.6 m 4.1 qz =0.613Kz Kzt Kd V2 3.218 Kpa
Dimension of building parallel 4.2 qh =0.613Kh Kzt Kd V2 3.121 Kpa
2.2 20 m
to wind direction Gcpi = Internal Pressure Coefficient
3. DESIGN WIND PRESSURE PARAMETERS Gcpf = External Pressure Coefficient
Basic Wind Speed(Figure 270 Kph; or EXTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENT
3.1
207A.5-1A) (V) 75 m/s Roof Angle BUILDING SURFACE LOAD (LOAD CASE A)
(Degrees) 1 2 3 4 1E 2E 3E 4E
Wind Directionality Factor for
3.2 0.85
Buildings (Table 207A.6-1) (Kd) 5 0.4 -0.69 -0.37 -0.29 0.61 -1.07 -0.53 -0.43

Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient (Exposure 11.86 0.46 -0.69 -0.42 -0.35 0.70 -1.07 -0.60 -0.53
3.3
B, Case 2) (Table 207B.3-1) 20 0.53 -0.69 -0.48 -0.43 0.8 -1.07 -0.69 -0.64
Kz by Interpolation
Exposure Category
Height above Ground Level
C
15 1.09
15.6 1.098
18 1.13
3.3-1
Kh by Interpolation
Exposure Category
Height above Ground Level
C
12 1.04
13.5 1.065
15 1.09
Topographic Factor(Section WIND PRESSURE, p, in kPa
3.4 Kzt 1
207A.8.2) BUILDING SURFACE LOAD (LOAD CASE A)
Gcpi
Gust Effect Factor, RIGID BUILDING 1 2 3 4 1E 2E 3E 4E
3.5 (Section 207A.9.1) G 0.85
0.18 0.87 -2.72 -1.87 -1.67 1.61 -3.90 -2.44 -2.20
-0.18 2.00 -1.59 -0.75 -0.54 2.74 -2.78 -1.32 -1.08
 EXTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENT
Roof Angle BUILDING SURFACE LOAD (LOAD CASE B)
(Degrees) 1 2 3 4 5 6 1E 2E 3E 4E 5E 6E
0-90 -0.45 -0.69 -0.37 -0.45 0.40 -0.29 0.48 -1.07 -0.53 -0.48 0.61 -0.43

WIND PRESSURE, p, in kPa

BUILDING SURFACE LOAD (LOAD CASE B)
Gcpi
1 2 3 4 5 6 1E 2E 3E 4E 5E 6E
0.18 -1.97 -2.72 -1.72 -1.97 0.69 -1.47 0.94 -3.90 -2.22 -2.06 1.34 -1.90
-0.18 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56

5. WIND PRESSURE AT ROOF SURFACE 6. DESIGN WIND PRESSURE, P = -3.901 kPa

5.1 Winward Pressure
At Point 2 -2.715 or -1.592
At Point 2E -3.901 or -2.778
At Point 5 0.687 or 0.562
5.2 Leeward Pressure
At Point 3 -1.874 or -0.750
At Point 3E -2.444 or -1.321
 DESIGN OF PURLINS
The design method used in this program is LRFD.

A. Loads to be carried by the Truss

A.1 Wind Load, Ww
A.1.1 Design Wind Pressure, P = -3.901 Kpa
Spacing of Purlins = 0.8 M (trial section)
Ww = P(Spacing of Purlins) = -3.121 Kn/m

A.2 Dead Load, WD

A.2.1 Weight of Roofing, WR
Using Onduline Corrugated Bituminous
Roof with a desity of = 0.032 Kpa
WR = Wr(Spacing of Purlins) = 0.026 Kn/m

A.2.2 Weight of Purlins, WP

A.2.2.1 Properties of Purlins
Convert Weight of Purlins from kg/m to
Kn/m
WP = 0.103 Kn/m
Total Dead Loads = 0.129 Kn/m
A.2.2.1.1 Designation C4 X 7.2
A.2.2.1.2 Nominal Weight W = 10.54 kg/m
A.2.2.1.3 Area A = 1,374.191 mm²
A.2.2.1.4 Depth d = 101.60 mm.
A.2.2.1.5 Web Thickness tw = 8.15 mm.
A.2.2.1.6 Flange Width bf = 43.69 mm.
A.2.2.1.7 Flange Thickness tf = 7.52 mm.
A.2.2.1.8 rts = 14.30 mm.
A.2.2.1.9 Distance Between Flange Centroids ho = 93.98 mm.

Along Axis X-X

A.2.2.1.10 Moment of Inertia Ix = 1,906,339.9 mm⁴
A.2.2.1.11 Elastic Section Modulus Sx = 37,526.38 mm³
A.2.2.1.12 Radius of Gyration rx = 37.34 mm.
A.2.2.1.13 Plastic Section Modulus Zx = 46,539.26 mm³

Along Axis Y-Y

A.2.2.1.14 Moment of Inertia Iy = 176,898.36 mm⁴
A.2.2.1.15 Elastic Section Modulus Sy = 5,522.44 mm³
A.2.2.1.16 Radius of Gyration ry = 11.35 mm.
A.2.2.1.17 Plastic Section Modulus Zy = 11,389.01 mm³

A.2.2.2 TORSIONAL PROPERTIES

A.2.2.2.1 Torsional Constant J = 34,006.11 mm⁴
A.2.2.2.2 Warping Constant Cw = 332,984,474.51 mm⁶

A.2.2.3 Grade of Steel = A36

A.2.2.3.1 Minimum Yield Strength Fy = 248.00 MPa.
A.2.2.3.2 Minimum Tensile Strength Fu = 400.00 MPa.
A.2.2.3.3 Modulus of Elasticity E = 200,000.00 MPa.

A.3 Live Load, WL

A.3.1 Minimum Roof Live Load
(Table 205-3.NSCP '15) = 0.75 Kpa
WR = Wl(Spacing of Purlins) = 0.6 Kn/m
 B. Computing the Tangential and Normal Components of Loads
B.1 Load Combinations

θ
B.1.1 1.2WD+1.6WLR+0.5WW
DL

B.1.2 1.2WD+1.0WW+0.5WLR

θ
B.2 Normal Component of Loads applied to the purlins (Perpendicular Loads)
B.2.1 1.2WD cosθ+1.6WLR cosθ+0.5WW = -0.464 Kn/m
B.2.2 1.2WD cosθ+1.0WW+0.5WLRcosθ = -2.673 Kn/m
Therefore; -2.673 Kn/m controls

B.3 Tangential Component of Loads applied to the purlins (Parallel Loads)

B.3.1 1.2WD sinθ+1.6WLR sinθ = 0.197 Kn/m
Therefore; 0.197 Kn/m controls

C. Checking for Compactness of Elements

C.1 Compactness of Stiffened Element (WEB)
Width - Thickness Ratio : h
= 10.61682243
tw

Limiting Width - Thickness Ratio : = 106.777

To satisfy the compaction criterion,

Since, , the stiffened element is compact.

C.2 Compactness of Unstiffened Element (FLANGE)

Width - Thickness Ratio : bf
= 5.811
tf

Limiting Width - Thickness Ratio : = 10.791

To satisfy the compaction criterion,

to be classified as compact.

Since, , the unstiffened element is compact.

D. Computing for Nominal Flexural Strength

FOR MAJOR AXIS

D.1 Yielding (Plastic Moment)
= 11.542 Kn - m.
Where;
Fy = specified minimum yield stress of the type of steel being used, in Mpa
Zx = plastic section modulus about the x-axis in, mm 3

D.1.1 Application of Sagrods (Optional) = At Midpoint

 D.2 Lateral-Torsional Buckling
D.2.1 Lateral Torsional Buckling Cases
D.2.1.1 CASE 1: when Lb ≤ LP, the limit state of lateral-torsional buckling does not apply.

CASE 2: when Lp < Lb ≤ Lr, flexural members are subject to inelastic lateral-torsional buckling

= 11.129 Kn - m.
CASE 3: when Lb > Lr , flexural members is subject to elastic lateral-torsional buckling
= 13.282 Kn - m.
where:
Length between points that are either braced against
Lb = lateral displacement of compression flange or braced = 3.00 M
against twist of the cross section, mm.
E= Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200,000 Mpa
Jc = Torsional constant, mm4
Sx = Elastic section modulus taken about the x-axis, mm3
Fcr = Critical Stress
= 353.94 Mpa

Cb = Lateral-torsional buckling modification factor

= 1.3

For Values of Lp and Lr

= 0.57 M

= 4.67 M

where:
= 1.08

Case to be used
Since Lp < Lb < Lr use value for Mn given in Case #2 = 11.129 Kn - m.
D.3 Value for Nominal Flexural Strength of Channel at the major axis, Mnx = 11.129 Kn - m.
According to Section 506.2 of NSCP '15, The nominal flexural strength, Mn, shall be the lower value obtained according to the
limit states of yielding (plastic moment) and lateral-torsional buckling.

FOR MINOR AXIS

D.4 Yielding (Plastic Moment)
= 2.191 Kn - m.
= 2.824 Kn - m.
= 2.191 Kn - m.

D.5 Flange Local Buckling

For Sections with compact flanges, the limit states of yielding shall apply.

E.5.1 Checking for compaction of the flange

Flexure in flanges of rolled I-shaped sections and channels.
Width - Thickness Ratio : bf
= 5.811
tf

Limiting Width - Thickness Ratio : = 10.791

To satisfy the compaction criterion,

to be classified as compact.

Since WTR < LWTR, therefore, the flange is compact.

D.6 Value for Nominal Flexural Strength of Channel at the minor
axis, Mny = 2.191 Kn - m.
E. Computing for Design Flexural Stress

where:
∅ = Resistance factor for flexure
= 0.9
Mn = Nominal flexural strength
S = Elastic Section Modulus
E.1 For Major Axis
= 266.91 Mpa

E.1 For Minor Axis

= 357.07 Mpa

F. Computing for Required Flexural Stress

where:
Mn = Required flexural strength
S = Elastic Section Modulus
Since sagrods are located at the midpoint of the purlins, follow figure 10.12-b

Steel Design 5th

Edition by McCormac
.and Csernak

F.1 For Major Axis

= -12.029 Kn - m.

= -320.55 Mpa

F.2 For Minor Axis

= 0.887 Kn - m.

= 160.62 Mpa
 G. Checking for the adequacy of the trial section
For channels that is subjected to biaxial bending, use the following equation below for checking
its adequacy. (As per Section 508.2 of NSCP '15)

-320.55 Mpa 160.62 Mpa

+ = -0.751
266.91 Mpa 357.07 Mpa

Since the resulting value is less than 1.00 the trial section satisfies the adequacy criterion!

H. Checking serviciabilty of the trial section against deflection

To consider it safe against deflection, the allowable deflection must be greater than actual deflection.

H.1 Deflection limits for roof purlins supporting plaster ceiling = L/240
(Table 10.1 Steel Design 5E. McCormac and Csernak page 313)
= 25.00 mm

H.2 Maximum vertical deflection at major axis

= -23.37 mm

H.3 Maximum vertical deflection at minor axis

= 5.87 mm

H.4 Maximum vertical deflection at minor axis

24.10 mm

Since the actual deflection is is less than the allowable deflection, it satisfies the deflection
criterion!

I. Section to be used

Since the section is adequate & it is safe against deflection.

Use C4 X 7.2 A36 steel purlins with sagrod on its midspan.
 WAG ISALI
ANALYSIS A
DESIGN SAG
TIE ROD
 In addition to being advantageous in reducing moments about the web axes of purlins, sag rods can serve other u
purposes. First,they can provide lateral support for the purlins; second, they are useful in keeping the purlins in p
alignment during erection until the roof deck is installed and connected to the purlins.
(Structural Steel Design, 5th Ed., Mc Cormac, P. 328

1. REQUIRED DATA FOR SAG AND TIE RODS: 2.3-3 WDL = WR + WP

1.1 Length of Top Chord (LT) 10.22 m WDL = 0.262 + 5.109
1.2 Bay Length (Bl) 6 m WDL = 5.3710 kN
1.3 No.of Purlins 13 pcs.
1.4 Wind Load, WLL 3.1208 kN/m 3. Solve for WU:
1.5 Roof Live Load, RLL 0.75 kN/m LRFD Load Combinations:
1.6 Roof Covering, WR 0.0256 kN/m 3.1 WU = 1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8W
1.7 Weight of Purlins, WP 0.131 kN/m WU = 1.2(5.371) + 1.6(7.665) +
1.8 Spacing of Purlins, Sp 0.8 m 0.8(31.895)
WU = 44.2250 kN
2. Convert Uniform Load to Concentrated Load:
2.1 For Wind Load: 3.2 WU = 1.2D + 1.6W + 0.5Lr
WWL = WLL(LT) WU = 1.2() + 1.6(0) + 0.5()
WWL = 3.1208(10.22) WU = 61.3100 kN
WWL = 31.8950 kN
3.3 Therefore:
2.2 For Roof Live Load: Use WU = 61.3100 kN
RRL = RRL(LT)
RRL = 0.75(10.22) 4. Design of Sag Rod:
RLL = 7.6650 kN 4.1 Solving for T:
T = WU/sinϴ
2.3 For Dead Load: T = (61.31)/0.206
2.3-1 Roof Covering T= 297.6210 kN
WR = 0.0256(10.22)
WR = 0.2620 kN 11.31

2.3-2 Weight of Purlins

WP = Wp(Bl/2)(No.Purlins)
WP = 0.131(6/2)(13) T
WP = 5.1090 kN
5.Design of Tie Rod:
5.1 P = T/cosϴ
P = 297.621/0.979
P
P= 304.005 kN

5.2 AB of P:
T
AB = P/ᶲ0.75Fu
AB = (304.005(1000)) / (0.75(0.75)(400)) 6. Design Summary:
AB = 1351.1330 mm^2

5.2 For Diameter of Tie Rod to be used:

AB = (лD2)/4
1351.133 = (лD2)/4
D = 41.4767 mm
≈ 41 mm
5.3 therefore :
use 16 mm steel sag rod
ALI ITO
IS AND
AG AND
ODS
s, sag rods can serve other useful
l in keeping the purlins in proper

5th Ed., Mc Cormac, P. 328.329)

4.2 AB of T:
AB = T / ϕ0.75Fu
5.3710 kN AB = T / ϕ0.75Fu
AB = (297.621(1000)) /
(0.75(0.75)(400))
d Combinations: AB = 1322.7600 mm^2
D + 1.6Lr + 0.8W
(5.371) + 1.6(7.665) + 4.3 For Diameter of Sag Rod to be used:
5) AB = (лD2)/4
44.2250 kN 1322.76 = (лD2)/4
D= ###
D + 1.6W + 0.5Lr ≈ 42 mm
() + 1.6(0) + 0.5() 4.4 therefore :
61.3100 kN use 16mm steel sag rod

e:
61.3100 kN

or T:

297.6210 kN

11.31

T
 P
11.31

T
6. Design Summary:
Therefore, use ϕ16mm
steel for Sag Rod and Tie Rod.
 DESIGN OF SAG ROD

A. Required Design Data

A.1 Spacing of Truss = 6.00 M.
A.2 Span of Truss = 20.00 M.
A.3 Length of Top Chord = 10.22 M.
A.4 Weight of Roof = 0.032 kPa.
A.5 Weight of Purlins = 10.54 kg/m
A.6 No. of Purlins (1 side) = 13 pcs.
A.7 Roof Live Load = 0.75 kPa.
A.8 Wind Load = -3.90 kPa.
A.9 Minimum Tensile Stress, Fu = 400 Mpa

B. Tributary Areas
B.1 Tributary Area for each sag rod = 30.66 m²

C. Computation of Loads Applied

C.1 Total Dead Loads = 5.01 kN.
C.1.1 Weight of Roofing = 0.98 kN.
C.1.2 Weight of Purlins = 4.03 kN.
C.2 Live Load = 23.00 kN.
C.3 Wind Load = -119.60 kN.

D. Computation of Factored Load, Pu

1.2WD+1.6WLR+0.5WW
D.1 = 16.99 kN.
1.2WD+1.0WW+0.5WLR
D.2 = 102.09 kN.
Therefore, 102.09 kN. controls
D.3 Component of load parallel to the
= 21.03 kN.
roof, PL

E. Required Area of Sagrod

= 93.469 mm²

Required Diameter = 10.91 mm.

Therefore, use 10 mm. diameter sagrod.
DEAD LOAD OF TRUSS 3. MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Dead Loads consist of the weight of all materials of construction Roof Covering Onduline Corrugated
3.1 W= 0.0256 kN/m^2
incorporated into the building or other structure, including but not limited Bituminous Roof
to walls, roofs, ceiling, stairways, built-in partitions, finishes, cladding and 3.2 Purlins W= 0.1315 kN/m
other similarly incorporated architectural and structural items, and fixed 3.3 Sag and Tie Rod W= 0.0010 kN/m^2
service equipment, including the weight of cranes. Ceiling Suspended Steel Channel W= 0.1000 kN/m^2
(NSCP 2015, 204.1 General) System Acoustical Fiber Board W= 0.0500 kN/m^2
3.4 Mechanical Duct Allowance
W= 0.2000 kN/m^2
DESIGN CALCULATION: 3.5 Weight of Gutter W= 0.0287 kN/m^2
3.6 Ridge Roll G.I or Plain Sheet W= 0.0287 kN/m^2
1. Dead loads to be carried by the Truss members: Self Weight of Truss Imperical
1.1 Roof Covering 3.7 Formula: W= 0.1448 kN/m^2
1.2 Purlins Wt = 0.4 + 0.04(LT)
1.3 Sag and Tied Rod
1.4 Ceiling 4. Load to be carried by the truss:
1.5 Gutter 4.1 Roof Covering 4.5 Weight of Gutter
1.6 Ridge Roll WRC = 0.0256 kN/m^2 WG = 0.0287 kN/m^2
1.7 Self Weight of Truss
4.2 Purlins 4.6 Ridge Roll
WP =0.131(13)/10.22 WRR = 0.0287 kN/m^2
2. DESIGN DATA: WP = 0.1670 kN/m^2
2.1 Length of Truss, Lt 20 m 4.7 Self-Weight of Truss
2.2 Height of Truss, Ht 2.1 m 4.3 Sag and Tie Rod SW = 0.1448 kN/m^2
2.3 Bay Length, Bl 6 m WSR = 0.0010 kN/m^2
2.4 Spacing of Purlins, Sp 0.8 m
2.5 Support Spacing 5 m 4.4 Ceiling
2.6 Weight of Roof, Wr 0.032 kn/m2 WC = (0.10kN/m2 + 0.05kN/m2)
2.7 Length of Top Chord, LTC 10.22 m + 0.20kN/m2
ϴ 11.86 ° WC = 0.3500 kN/m^2
2.8 Roof Slope sinϴ 0.206 °
cosϴ 0.979 °
Solving for point loads at the Top Chord Joints
• JOINT A & Q:
TA = 3.83 m²
P1 = (WRC + WP + WSR + WG + WT) x TA
P1 = (0.026 + 0.167 + 0.001 + 0.029 + 0.14)(3.833)
P1 = 1.4000 kN
• JOINT B-H & J-Q:
TA = 7.67 m²
P2 = (WRC + WP + WSR + WT) x TA
P2 = (0.026 + 0.167 + 0.001 + 0.145)(7.665)
P2 = 2.6000 kN
• JOINT I: Convert into Uniform Load:
TA = 7.67 m² W = ∑P/LT
P3 = (WRC + WP + WB + WSR + WT + WRR) x TA where: ∑P = P1(2) + P2(14) + P3 + P4(2) + P5(15)
P3 = (0.026 + 0.167 + 0.001 + 0.029 + 0.14)(7.665) ∑P = 1.4(2) + 2.6(14) + 2.8 + 0.4(2) + 0.4(15)
P3 = 2.8000 kN ∑P = 48.8

Solving for point loads at the Bottom Chord joints: 48.8000 kN

W=
• JOINT A & Q: 20 m
TA = 1.25 m² W= 2.4400 kN/m
P4 = Wc x TA
P4 = 0.35(1.25)
P4 = 0.4000 kN
• JOINT f-R: 2.4400 kN/m
TA = 1.25 m²
P5 = Wc x TA
P5 = 0.35(1.25)
P5 = 0.4000 kN
 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD
Joint 1 2 3 4 5 Moment at Supports
Member 12 21 23 32 34 43 45 54 Stiffness Factor, K
Stiffness(K) 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 With constant values of E = 200,000 MPa and LB
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 = 6m and assumed I, relative stiffness factor may
FEM -5.083 5.083 -5.083 5.083 -5.083 5.083 -5.083 5.083 be used generally as K. Thus,
1
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Iw WHERE; Iw = 1.00 (table 208-1, NSCP 2015)
2 K=
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LB
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
3 K=
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Distribution Factor, DF:
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DF = K/ΣK
5 where:
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DF = 0 at fixed end
6 DF = 1 at hinged or roller end
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
7
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEM = (WL^2)/12
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEM12 = FEM23 = FEM32 = FEM34 = FEM43 = FEM45 = FEM54
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.083
9
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEM12 = FEM23 = FEM32 = FEM34 = FEM43 = FEM45 = FEM54
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.083
10
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-5.08 5.08 -5.08 5.08 -5.08 5.08 -5.08 5.08
MOMENT
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1
SHEAR
kN kN kN kN kN kN kN kN
6.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 6.1
REACTION
kN kN kN kN kN
 SEGMENT 1-2: SEGMENT 2-3:

2.4400 kN/m 2.4400 kN/m

CHECKING:
5.0800 kN-m 5.0800 kN-m 5.0800 kN-m ∑REACTION = ∑FORCES
R1 = 5.1000 kN ↑
R2 = 13.2000 kN ↑
R3 = 12.2000 kN ↑
[∑M@R2 = 0 ] [∑M@3 = 0 ] R4 = 13.2000 kN ↑
2.44(5)(2.5) - 5.08 2.44(5)(2.5) + 5.08-5.08 R5 = 5.1000 kN ↑
R1 = R2B =
5 5
R1 = 5.0840 kN ↑ R2B = 6.1000 kN ↑ ∑REACTION = 48.8000 kN
∑LOADS = 48.8000 kN
∑Fv = 0 + ∑Fv = 0 +
R2A = 2.44(5) - 5.084 R3A = 2.44(5) - 6.1
R2A = 7.1160 kN ↑ R3A = 6.1000 kN ↑

SEGMENT 3-4: SEGMENT 4-5:

2.4400 kN/m 2.4400 kN/m
5.0800 kN-m 5.0800 kN-m 5.0800 kN-m

[∑M@4 = 0 ] [∑M@5= 0 ]
2.44(5)(2.5)-5.08+5.08 2.44(5)(2.5) + 5.08
R3B = R4B =
5 5
R3B = 6.1000 kN ↑ R4B = 7.1160 kN ↑

[∑Fv = 0] [∑Fv = 0]
R4A = 2.44(5) - 6.1 R4A = 2.44(5) - 7.116
R4A = 6.1000 kN ↑ R5A = 5.0840 kN ↑

6
e
A

4
B
f

2
C
g

3
D 7
DEAD LOAD MAXWELL DIAGRAM
6
e
A

4
B
f

2
C
g

1 3
D
h 7
5

F
9

14
a

11
G
12 b

13 H
10
c
15

I
d 8

W 23

J
16

21 X
18 K

19
Y
L
20

17 Z
22
M

30
28 26
S
O 24

29 T
P

27 U
Q

R
25 V
LIVE LOAD OF TRUSS
Live Loads shall be the the maximum loads expected by the intended use or occupancy but in no case shall be less than the
laods required by this section.
(205.1 General, NSCP 2015)

1. Roof Live Load Data:

1.1 Roof Live Load, RLL 0.75 kPa
1.2 Bay Length, BL 6 m
1.3 Length of Truss, LT 20 m
1.4 Support Spacing 5 m
1.5 Length of Top Chord, LTC 10.22 m

Solving for Panel Load:

Pjoint = P x TL x BL Convert into Uniform Load:
• JOINT A & R: W = ∑P/LT
TA = 3.83 m² where ∑P = P1(2) + P2(15)
P1 = P x TA ∑P = 2.9(2) + 5.75(15)
P1 = 0.75 ( 3.8325 ) ∑P = 92.1000 kN
P1 = 2.9000 kN
92.1000 kN
W=
• JOINT B - Q: 20 m
TA = 7.67 m² W= 4.6050 kN/m
P2 = P x TA
P2 = 0.75 ( 7.665)
P2 = 5.7500 kN 4.6050 kN/m
 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD
Joint 1 2 3 4 5
Member 12 21 23 32 34 43 45 65
Stiffness(K) 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 Moment at Supports
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 Stiffness Factor, K
FEM -9.594 9.594 -9.594 9.594 -9.594 9.594 -9.594 9.594 With constant values of E = 200,000 MPa and
1
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LB = 6m and assumed I, relative stiffness factor
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 may be used generally as K. Thus,
2
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Iw WHERE; Iw = 1.00 (table 208-1, NSCP 2015)
3 K=
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LB
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4 K=
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6m
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Distribution Factor, DF:
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DF = K/ΣK
6
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 where:
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DF = 0 at fixed end
7
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DF = 1 at hinged or roller end
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
8
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEM = (WL^2)/12
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEM12 = FEM23 = FEM32 = FEM34 = FEM43 = FEM45 = FEM54
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.594
10
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FEM12 = FEM23 = FEM32 = FEM34 = FEM43 = FEM45 = FEM54
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.594
11
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
COM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-9.59 9.6 -9.6 9.6 -9.6 9.6 -9.6 9.59
MOMENT
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
11.5145 11.5105 11.5125 11.5125 11.5125 11.5125 11.5105 11.5145
SHEAR
kN kN kN kN kN kN kN kN
11.5145 23.023 23.025 23.023 11.5145
REACTION
kN kN kN kN kN
SEGMENT 1-2: SEGMENT 2-3:

4.6050 kN/m 4.6050 kN/m CHECKING:

∑REACTION = ∑FORCES
9.6000kN-m 9.6000kN-m 9.6000 kN/m R1 = 9.5925 kN ↑
R2 = 24.9450 kN ↑
R3 = 23.0250 kN ↑
R4 = 24.9450 kN ↑
R5 = 9.5925 kN ↑
∑M@2 = 0 + ∑M@3 = 0 +
4.605(5)(2.5) -9.6 4.605(5)(2.5)+9.6-9.6 ∑REACTION = 92.1000 kN
R1 = R2B =
5 5 ∑LOADS = 92.1000 kN
R1 = 9.5925 kN ↑ R2B = 11.5125 kN ↑

∑Fv = 0 + ∑Fv = 0 +
R2A = 4.605(5) - 9.593 R3A = 4.605(5) - 11.513
R2A = 13.4325 kN ↑ R3A = 11.5125 kN ↑

SEGMENT 3-4: SEGMENT 4-5:

4.6050 kN/m 4.6050 kN/m
9.6000 kN-m 9.6000 kN-m 9.6000 kN-m

[∑M@4 = 0 ] [∑M@5= 0 ]
4.595(5)(2.5) +9.6-14.8 4.6(5)(2.5) + 9.6+0
R3B = R4B =
5 5
R3B = 11.5125 kN ↑ R4B = 13.4325 kN ↑

[∑Fv = 0] [∑Fv = 0]
R4A = 4.605(5) - 11.513 R5A = 4.605(5) - 13.433
R4A = 11.5125 kN ↑ R5A = 9.5925 kN ↑
LIVE LOAD MAXWELL DIAGRAM
WINDLOAD OF TRUSS (WINDWARD)
Live Loads shall be the the maximum loads expected by the intended use or
occupancy but in no case shall be less than the laods required by this
section.
(205.1 General, NSCP 2015)

Wind Load Data:

Wind Load, WWL ###
Bay Length, BL 6m
Length of Truss, LT 20 m
Support Spacing 5m Convert into Uniform Load:
Length of Top Chord, LTC 10.22 m W = ∑P/LT
For Support Spacing in Windward: where ∑P = P1(2) + P2(7)
Solving for Panel Load: SSW = SScosϴ ∑P = -14.95(2) + -29.9(7)
Pjoint = WWL x TA SSW = 5(0.979) ∑P = -239.2000 kN
• JOINT A & I: SSW = 4.8950 m
TA = 3.83 m² X = 10.22 - 9.79 -239.2000 kN
W=
P1 = WWL x TA X = 0.4300 m 10.2200 m
P1 = -3.90125 ( 3.8325 ) X = 4.465 W= -23.4050 kN/m
P1 = -14.9500 kN

• JOINT B - H: -23.4050 kN/m

TA = 7.67 m²
P2 = WWL x TA
P2 = -3.90125 ( 7.665)
P2 = -29.9000 kN
 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD
Joint 1 2 3 4 5 Moment at Supports
Member 12 21 23 32 34 43 45 54 Stiffness Factor, K:
Stiffness(K) 0.166667 0.166667 0.1666667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 With constant values of E=200 000 MPa and
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 LB=6m and assumed I, relative stiffness factor
FEM 46.734 -46.734 46.734 -46.734 2.044 -0.059 0 0 may be used generally as K. Thus,
1
BM 0 0 0 22.345 22.345 0.03 0.03 0 Iw WHERE; Iw = 1.00 (table 208-1, NSCP 2015)
K=
COM 0 0 11.173 0 0.015 11.173 0 0.015 LB
2
BM 0 -5.587 -5.587 -0.008 -0.008 -5.587 -5.587 0 1
K=
COM -2.794 0 -0.004 -2.794 -2.794 -0.004 0 -2.794 6
3
BM 0 0.002 0.002 2.794 2.794 0.002 0.002 0
COM 0.001 0 1.397 0.001 0.001 1.397 0 0.001 Distribution Factor, DF:
4 DF=K/ΣK
BM 0 -0.699 -0.699 -0.001 -0.001 -0.699 -0.699 0
COM -0.35 0 -0.001 -0.35 -0.35 -0.001 0 -0.35 where:
5 DF= 0 at fixed end
BM 0 0.001 0.001 0.35 0.35 0.001 0.001 0 DF= 1 at hinged or roller end
COM 0.001 0 0.175 0.001 0.001 0.175 0 0.001
6
BM 0 -0.088 -0.088 -0.001 -0.001 -0.088 -0.088 0
COM -0.044 0 -0.001 -0.044 -0.044 -0.001 0 -0.044 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
7
BM 0 0.001 0.001 0.044 0.044 0.001 0.001 0
FEM=(𝑊𝐿^2)/12
COM 0.001 0 0.022 0.001 0.001 0.022 0 0.001
8
BM 0 -0.011 -0.011 -0.001 -0.001 -0.011 -0.011 0
COM -0.006 0 -0.001 -0.006 -0.006 -0.001 0 -0.006 FEM12 , FEM23 , = 46.734
9
BM 0 0.001 0.001 0.006 0.006 0.001 0.001 0 FEM21 , FEM32 = -46.734
COM 0.001 0 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.003 0 0.001
10
BM 0 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 0
COM -0.001 0 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0 -0.001
11
BM 0 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0
COM 0.001 0 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0 0.001 FEM34 = 2.044
12
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0 FEM43 = -0.059
43.544 -53.116 53.115 -24.397 24.396 6.352 -6.352 -3.175 FEM45 , FEM54 = 0
MOMENT
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-59.2392 -55.32827 -51.41693 -63.15054 -51.00223 -63.56525 -59.23001 -55.33747
SHEAR
kN kN kN kN kN kN kN kN
-59.2392 -106.74520737998 -114.152766113381 -122.795258452503 -55.33747
REACTION
kN kN kN kN kN
SEGMENT 1-2: SEGMENT 2-3:
CHECKING:
-23.4050 kN/m -23.4050 kN/m ∑REACTION = ∑FORCES
R1 = -46.4300 kN ↑
-53.1160kN-m -53.1150kN-m -24.3970 kN-m R2 = -131.2900 kN ↑
R3 = -64.7300 kN ↑
R4 = 1.9500 kN ↓
R5 = 1.3000 kN ↓

∑REACTION = -239.2000 kN
∑LOADS = -239.2000 kN
∑M@2 = 0 + ∑M@3 = 0 +
-23.405(4.895)(2.4475) --53.116 -23.405(4.895)((4.895/2)) + -28.718
R1 = R2B =
4.8950 m 4.8950 m
R1 = -46.4300 kN ↑ R2B = -63.1500 kN ↑

∑Fv = 0 + ∑Fv = 0 +
R2A = -23.405(4.895) - -46.43 R3A = -23.405(4.895) - -63.15
R2A = -68.1400 kN ↑ R3A = -51.42
R3A = -51.4200 kN ↑

SEGMENT 3-4: SEGMENT 4-5:

-23.4050 kN/m

-24.3960kN-m -6.3520 kN-m -6.3520kN-m

∑M@4 = 0 + ∑M@5 = 0 +
-23.405(0.43)((0.43/2)+(4.465)) + -18.044 -6.3520kN-m
R3B = R4B =
4.8950 m 4.8950 m
R3B = -13.3100 kN ↑ R4B = -1.3000 kN ↑

∑Fv = 0 + ∑Fv = 0 +
R4A = -23.405(0.43) - -13.31 R5 = 0(0.43) - -1.3
R4A = 3.25 R5 = 1.3
R4A = 3.2500 kN ↓ R5 = 1.3000 kN ↓
WINDLOAD MAXWELL (WINDWARD)
WIND LOAD OF TRUSS(LEEWARD)
Live Loads shall be the the maximum loads expected by the intended use or occupancy
but in no case shall be less than the laods required by this section.
(205.1 General, NSCP 2015)

Wind Load Data:

Roof Live Load, WWL ###
Bay Length, BL 6m
Length of Truss, LT 20 m
Support Spacing 5m Convert into Uniform Load:
Length of Top Chord, LTC 10.22 m W = ∑P/LT
For Support Spacing in Leeward: where ∑P = P1(2) + P2(7)
Solving for Panel Load: SSW = SScosϴ ∑P = -9.367(2) + -18.733(7)
Pjoint = WWL + TA SSW = 5(0.979) ∑P = -149.8700 kN
• JOINT I & Q: SSW = 4.8950 m
TA = 3.83 m² X = 10.22 - 9.79 -149.8700 kN
W=
P1 = WWL + TA X = 0.4300 m 10.2200 m
P1 = -2.444 ( 3.8325 ) X = 4.465 W= -14.6640 kN/m
P1 = -9.3670 kN
-14.6640 kN/m
• JOINT J - P:
TA = 7.67 m²
P2 = WWL + TA
P2 = -2.444 ( 7.665)
P2 = -18.7330 kN
 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD
Joint 1 2 3 4 5 Moment at Supports
Member 12 21 23 32 34 43 45 54 Stiffness Factor, K:
Stiffness(K) 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 0.166667 With constant values of E=200 000 MPa and
LB=6m and assumed I, relative stiffness factor
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 may be used generally as K. Thus,
FEM 0 0 0.0368 -1.2808 -29.28 29.28 -29.28 29.28
1
BM 0 -0.018 -0.018 15.28 15.28 0 0 0 Iw WHERE; Iw = 1.00 (table 208-1, NSCP 2015)
K=
COM -0.009 0 7.64 -0.009 0 7.64 0 0 LB
2
BM 0 -3.82 -3.82 0.005 0.005 -3.82 -3.82 0 1
K=
COM -1.91 0 0.003 -1.91 -1.91 0.003 0 -1.91 6
3
BM 0 -0.002 -0.002 1.91 1.91 -0.002 -0.002 0
Distribution Factor, DF:
COM -0.001 0 0.955 -0.001 -0.001 0.955 0 -0.001
4 DF=K/ΣK
BM 0 -0.478 -0.478 0.001 0.001 -0.478 -0.478 0 where:
COM -0.239 0 0.001 -0.239 -0.239 0.001 0 -0.239 DF= 0 at fixed end
5
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 0.239 0.239 -0.001 -0.001 0 DF= 1 at hinged or roller end
COM -0.001 0 0.12 -0.001 -0.001 0.12 0 -0.001
6
BM 0 -0.06 -0.06 0.001 0.001 -0.06 -0.06 0
COM -0.03 0 0.001 -0.03 -0.03 0.001 0 -0.03 Fixed End Moment (FEM):
7
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 0.03 0.03 -0.001 -0.001 0
FEM=(𝑊𝐿^2)/12
COM -0.001 0 0.015 -0.001 -0.001 0.015 0 -0.001
8
BM 0 -0.008 -0.008 0.001 0.001 -0.008 -0.008 0
COM -0.004 0 0.001 -0.004 -0.004 0.001 0 -0.004 FEM43, FEM54 = 29.28
9
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 0.004 0.004 -0.001 -0.001 0 FEM34, FEM45 = -29.28
COM -0.001 0 0.002 -0.001 -0.001 0.002 0 -0.001
10
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0
COM -0.001 0 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0 -0.001
11
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0
COM -0.001 0 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0 -0.001 FEM32 = -1.2808
12
BM 0 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0 FEM23 = 0.0368
-2.198 -4.392 4.385 13.995 -13.995 33.646 -33.654 27.091 FEM12, FEM21 = 0
MOMENT
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-37.23641 -34.54387 -32.13529 -39.64499 -31.8756 -39.9046 -37.2309 -34.5494
SHEAR
kN kN kN kN kN kN kN kN
-37.23641 -66.6791564044944 -71.5206272931563 -77.1355404698672 -34.5494
REACTION
kN kN kN kN kN
SEGMENT 1-2: SEGMENT 2-3:

-2.1980 kN/m -14.6640 kN/m CHECKING:

-4.3920kN-m ∑REACTION = ∑FORCES
-4.3850kN-m -13.9950 kN-m R1 = 0.9000 kN ↓
R2 = -9.9700 kN ↓
R3 = -39.8800 kN ↑
R4 = -82.6800 kN ↑
R5 = -29.0100 kN ↑
∑M@2 = 0 + ∑M@3 = 0 +
4.3920kN-m -14.664(0.43)((0.43/2) - -13.995 +-4.385 ∑REACTION = -160.6400 kN
R1 = R2B =
4.8950 m 4.8950 m ∑LOADS = -149.8700 kN
R1 = 0.9 R2B = 1.6900 kN ↓
R1 = 0.9000 kN ↑
∑Fv = 0 + ∑Fv = 0 +
R2A = -2.198(0.43) - 0.9 R3A = -14.664(0.43) - 1.69
R2A = -11.6600 kN ↓ R3A = -8.0000 kN ↓

SEGMENT 3-4: SEGMENT 4-5:

-14.6640 kN/m -14.6640 kN/m

-33.6460kN-m
-13.9950 kN-m -33.6540kN-m

∑M@4 = 0 + ∑M@5 = 0 +
-14.664(4.895)(4.895/2) - -33.646 + -13.99 -14.664(4.895)(2.4475) + -33.654
R3B = R4B =
4.8950 m 4.8950 m
R3B = -31.88 R4B = -42.7700 kN ↑
R3B = -31.8800 kN ↑
∑Fv = 0 + ∑Fv = 0 +
R4A = -14.664(4.895) - -31.88 R5 = -14.664(4.895) - -42.77
R4A = -39.9100 kN ↑ R5 = -29.0100 kN ↑
WIND LOAD MAXWELL (LEEWARD)
 TABULATION OF LOADS ACTING ON EACH MEMBER OF TRUSS
INTERNAL FORCES (kN) LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS,(203.3.1 NSCP 2015)
TOP CHORD MAXIMUM BAR
LENGTH DEAD LOAD ROOF LIVE NATURE LOAD DESIGN
MEMBERS LOAD (LR)
WINDWARD LEEWARD 1.2DL + 1.6LR + 0.5W 1.2DL + 1.0W + 0.5LR FORCE
(DL)
AB 1.2775 -26.76 -29.82 210.83 -4.86 23.161 158.948 158.948 T
BC 1.2775 -14.1 -15.85 107.25 -4.86 8.915 77.545 77.545 T
CD 1.2775 -1.46 -5.38 3.66 -4.86 -10.96 -5.642 -10.96 C
DE 1.2775 11.19 9.46 -99.93 -4.86 -23.831 -86.632 -86.632 C
EF 1.2775 0.58 -1.6 -5.53 -4.86 -7.059 -10.494 -10.494 C
FG 1.2775 -2.27 -4.32 22.88 -5.88 -1.136 12.116 12.116 T
GH 1.2775 -0.7 -2.27 13.57 -6.61 -0.992 4.985 4.985 T
HI 1.2775 3.65 2.75 19.31 -7.16 14.855 17.905 17.905 T
IJ 1.2775 -3.65 -2.75 -39.35 -1.15 -29.03 -46.255 -46.255 C 158.948
JK 1.2775 0.7 2.27 -30.72 11.96 -4.908 -16.785 -16.785 C
KL 1.2775 2.27 4.32 -22.09 1.5 -0.659 -15.706 -15.706 C
LM 1.2775 -0.58 1.6 -13.45 36.96 13.619 23.614 23.614 T
MN 1.2775 -11.19 -9.46 -8.34 -110.72 -88.094 -137.218 -137.218 C
NO 1.2775 1.46 5.38 -3.23 -12.78 2.355 -11.568 -11.568 C
OP 1.2775 14.1 15.85 1.84 -7.27 39.565 19.415 39.565 T
PQ 1.2775 26.76 29.82 7.01 -131.08 17.789 -77.048 -77.048 C

TABULATION OF LOADS ACTING ON EACH MEMBER OF TRUSS

BOTTOM INTERNAL FORCES (kN) LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS,(203.3.1 NSCP 2015)
MAXIMUM BAR
CHORD LENGTH DEAD LOAD ROOF LIVE NATURE LOAD DESIGN
WINDWARD LEEWARD 1.2DL + 1.6LR + 0.5W 1.2DL + 1.0W + 0.5LR FORCE
MEMBERS (DL) LOAD (LR)

Af 1.25 -26.19 -29.18 214.76 -4.56 26.984 164.182 164.182 T

fe 1.25 -26.19 -29.18 214.76 -4.56 26.984 164.182 164.182 T
ed 1.25 -13.81 -15.51 -104.75 -4.56 -96.043 -133.637 -133.637 C
dc 1.25 -1.43 -5.26 -5.25 -4.56 -15.037 -14.156 -15.037 C
cb 1.25 10.95 9.26 -75.71 -4.56 -12.179 -62.5 -62.5 C
ba 1.25 0.57 -1.57 8.05 -4.32 0.037 3.629 3.629 T
aZ 1.25 -2.22 -4.23 27.22 -5.32 1.518 17.121 17.121 T
ZY 1.25 -0.68 -2.22 9.48 -6.03 -2.643 1.524 -2.643 C
164.182
YX 1.25 -0.68 -2.22 -31.33 -6.57 -23.318 -39.826 -39.826 C
XW 1.25 -2.22 -4.23 39.35 -6.58 6.953 27.991 27.991 T
WV 1.25 0.57 -1.57 30.91 -14 6.627 16.809 16.809 T
VU 1.25 10.95 9.26 22.46 1.56 39.966 41.79 41.79 T
UT 1.25 -1.43 -5.26 13.45 44.63 18.908 53.734 53.734 T
TS 1.25 -13.81 -15.51 8.44 97.39 11.527 81.503 81.503 T
SR 1.25 -26.19 -29.18 3.43 17.71 -67.546 -24.878 -67.546 C
RQ 1.25 -26.19 -29.18 -6.58 134.08 -14.366 81.482 81.482 T
 TABULATION OF LOADS ACTING ON EACH MEMBER OF TRUSS
VERTICAL INTERNAL FORCES (kN) LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS,(203.3.1 NSCP 2015)
MAXIMUM BAR
CHORD LENGTH DEAD LOAD ROOF LIVE NATURE LOAD DESIGN
WINDWARD LEEWARD 1.2DL + 1.6LR + 0.5W 1.2DL + 1.0W + 0.5LR FORCE
MEMBERS (DL) LOAD (LR)

Bf 0.26 2.57 0 0 0 3.084 3.084 3.084 T

Ce 0.53 5.16 2.87 -23.1 0 -0.766 -15.473 -15.473 C
Dd 0.79 7.8 6.46 -46.1 0 -3.354 -33.51 -33.51 C
Ec 1.05 -13.5 -17.11 133.65 0 23.249 108.895 108.895 T
Fb 1.31 -6.12 -9.09 70.36 -1.26 12.662 57.211 57.211 T
Ga 1.58 -0.33 -2.79 20.13 -1.05 4.68 17.289 17.289 T
HZ 1.84 4.54 2.52 -22.35 -0.9 -2.145 -16.542 -16.542 C
IY 2.1 -4.3 -6.87 -59.98 -0.79 -46.537 -69.365 -69.365 C 108.895
JX 1.84 4.54 2.52 12.42 39.86 35.62 58.988 58.988 T
KW 1.58 -0.33 -2.29 10.64 9.35 5.935 18.449 18.449 T
LV 1.31 -6.12 -9.09 5.87 -16.33 -27.118 -22.349 -27.118 C
MU 1.05 -13.5 -17.11 4.21 -36.23 -59.586 -56.775 -59.586 C
NT 0.79 7.8 2.87 3.15 79.15 55.102 93.095 93.095 T
OS 0.53 5.16 6.46 2.14 33.46 34.328 45.022 45.022 T
PR 0.26 2.57 0 0 0 3.084 3.084 3.084 T

TABULATION OF LOADS ACTING ON EACH MEMBER OF TRUSS

DIAGONAL INTERNAL FORCES (kN) LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS,(203.3.1 NSCP 2015)
MAXIMUM BAR
CHORD LENGTH DEAD LOAD ROOF LIVE NATURE LOAD DESIGN
WINDWARD LEEWARD 1.2DL + 1.6LR + 0.5W 1.2DL + 1.0W + 0.5LR FORCE
MEMBERS (DL) LOAD (LR)

Be 1.28 -12.64 -13.96 112.4 0 18.696 90.252 90.252 T

Cd 1.36 -13.73 -12.11 119.31 0 23.803 96.779 96.779 T
De 1.48 -14.63 -17.16 130.02 0 19.998 103.884 103.884 T
Eb 1.63 13.56 14.14 -109.39 0 -15.799 -86.048 -86.048 C
Fa 1.81 4.05 3.86 -27.8 1.45 -2.139 -19.56 -19.56 C
GZ 2.01 -2.48 -3.22 28.53 1.15 6.712 25.094 25.094 T
HY 2.22 -7.56 -8.75 72.55 0.95 13.678 60.053 60.053 T
-114.381
JY 2.22 -7.56 -8.75 94.4 19.27 33.763 100.223 100.223 T
KX 2.01 -2.48 -3.22 -13.59 -11.94 -20.893 -30.116 -30.116 C
LW 1.81 4.05 3.86 -12.25 22.56 16.191 17.1 17.1 T
MV 1.63 13.56 14.14 -11.03 56.32 61.541 68.632 68.632 T
NU 1.48 -14.63 -17.16 -5.92 91.71 -2.117 59.654 59.654 T
OT 1.36 -13.73 -12.11 -5.43 -86.42 -81.777 -114.381 -114.381 C
PS 1.28 -12.64 -13.96 -5.06 -10.98 -45.524 -38.188 -45.524 C
DESIGN OF TOP CHORD MEMBERS

DESIGN DATA: 1. For tensile yielding in the gross section: Pn = FuAe

Maximum Actual Tensile Load: Pn = FyAg Pn = 400(741)(1)
Pact = 158.9480 kN ϕ= 0.9 Pn = 296400N(1kN/1000N)
2. For tensile rupture in the net section: Pn = 296.4
Material Properties; Pn = FuAe
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ= 0.75 ϕPn = 0.75(Pn)
Minimum Yeild Strength, Fy 248 MPa ϕPn = 0.75(296.4)
Minimum Tensile Strength, Fu 400 MPa Tensile Yielding: ϕPn = 222.3
Modulus of Elasticy 200000 MPa Pn = FyAg
Pn = 248(741)
Trial Section: Pn = 183768N(1kN/1000N) Therefore:
W 5.82 Pn = 183.768 165.3912 > 158.9480 kN
A 741 The trial section is adequate.
Depth 50 ϕPn = 0.90(Pn) Use L50x50x8 for top chord members
Width 50 ϕPn = 0.9(183.768)
Thk 8 ϕPn = 165.3912
3.5
Radius
7 Tensile Rupture:
L50x50x8 Ix 162.83 Pn = FuAe
Sx 4.68
For welded connections, the
rx 14.82
reduced area Ae is defined as the
y 15.24 effective area (rather than the
Iy 162.83 effective net area, and it is given
Sy 4.68 by:
ry 14.82 Ae = AgU
x 15.24 where: U = 1 (Table 504.3.1)
Therefore, Ag = Ae

The design tensile strength, ϕtPn, shall be the lower value

obtained according to the limit states of tensile yielding
in the gross section and tensile ruoture in the net section.
DESIGN OF DIAGONAL CHORD MEMBERS
4.71√(EI/Fy)
DESIGN DATA: Solving for available Nominal Compressive Strength, Pn
Maximum Actual Compressive Load: 4.71√(200000Mpa/248MPa)
The Nominal Compressive Strength, Pn, shall be
Pact = 114.381 kN determined based on the limit state of flexural buckling. 133.755
Length of the Most Stressed Member, L SEC. 505
L= 1.36 m Since: 4.71√(EI/Fy)
Recommended Design Coefficient, k KL/r <
K= 0.65 Pn = FcrAg (Formula 505.7-1)
Formula 505.7-2 applies.
Solving for Flexural Buckling Stress, Fcr Fcr = [0.658^Fy/Fe]Fy (505.7-2)
Assuming Rotation-Fixed and Translation-Fixed The Flexural Bucking Stress, Fcr, is determined as follows:
(Fundamentals of Structural Steel Design, Gillesania) where: Fe = elastic buckling stress
Fe = л2E / (KL/r)2

ᴫ^2(200000)
Fe =
Material Properties; 59.6491^2
Grade of Steel A36 Fe = 554.7815
Minimum Yeild Strength, Fy 248 MPa
Minimum Tensile Strength, Fu 400 MPa Fcr = [0.658^Fy/Fe]Fy
Modulus of Elasticy 200000 Fcr = 205.6812

Trial Section: Pn = FcrAg

W 5.82 Pn = 205.6812(741)
A 741 Pn = 152409.7692N(1kN/1000N)
Depth 50 Pn = 152.4098
Width 50
Thk 8 Pu = ϕPn
3.5 Pu = 0.9(152.4098kN)
Radius
7 Pu = 137.1688
L50x50x8 Ix 162.83 KL 0.65(1.36)(1000)
=
Sx 4.68 r 14.82 Therefore:
rx 14.82 KL 137.1688 kN > 114.381 kN
= 59.6491
y 15.24 r The trial section is adequate.
Iy 162.83 Use L50x50x8 for diagonal chord members
Sy 4.68
ry 14.82
x 15.24
DESIGN OF VERTICAL CHORD MEMBERS

DESIGN DATA: 1. For tensile yielding in the gross section: Pn = FuAe

Maximum Actual Tensile Load: Pn = FyAg Pn = 400(741)(1)
Pact = 108.8950 kN ϕ= 0.9 Pn = 296400N(1kN/1000N)
2. For tensile rupture in the net section: Pn = 296.4
Material Properties; Pn = FuAe
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ= 0.75 ϕPn = 0.75(Pn)
Minimum Yeild Strength, Fy 248 MPa ϕPn = 0.75(296.4)
Minimum Tensile Strength, Fu 400 MPa Tensile Yielding: ϕPn = 222.3
Modulus of Elasticy 200000 MPa Pn = FyAg
Pn = 248(741)
Trial Section: Pn = 183768N(1kN/1000N) Therefore:
W 5.82 Pn = 183.768 165.3912 > 108.895
A 741 The trial section is adequate.
Depth 50 ϕPn = 0.90(Pn) Use L50x50x8 for vertical chord members
Width 50 ϕPn = 0.9(183.768)
Thk 8 ϕPn = 165.3912
3.5
Radius
7 Tensile Rupture:
L50x50x8 Ix 162.83 Pn = FuAe
Sx 4.68
For welded connections, the
rx 14.82
reduced area Ae is defined as the
y 15.24 effective area (rather than the
Iy 162.83 effective net area, and it is given
Sy 4.68 by:
ry 14.82 Ae = AgU
x 15.24 where: U = 1 (Table 504.3.1)
Therefore, Ag = Ae

The design tensile strength, ϕtPn, shall be the lower value

obtained according to the limit states of tensile yielding
in the gross section and tensile ruoture in the net section.
DESIGN OF BOTTOM CHORD MEMBERS

DESIGN DATA: 1. For tensile yielding in the gross section: Pn = FuAe

Maximum Actual Tensile Load: Pn = FyAg Pn = 400(741)(1)
Pact = 164.1820 kN ϕ= 0.9 Pn = 296400N(1kN/1000N)
2. For tensile rupture in the net section: Pn = 296.4
Material Properties; Pn = FuAe
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ= 0.75 ϕPn = 0.75(Pn)
Minimum Yeild Strength, Fy 248 MPa ϕPn = 0.75(296.4)
Minimum Tensile Strength, Fu 400 MPa Tensile Yielding: ϕPn = 222.3
Modulus of Elasticy 200000 MPa Pn = FyAg
Pn = 248(741)
Trial Section: Pn = 183768N(1kN/1000N) Therefore:
W 5.82 Pn = 183.768 165.3912 > 164.182
A 741 The trial section is adequate.
Depth 50 ϕPn = 0.90(Pn) Use L50x50x8 for bottom chord members
Width 50 ϕPn = 0.9(183.768)
Thk 8 ϕPn = 165.3912
3.5
Radius
7 Tensile Rupture: DESIGN SUMMARY
L50x50x8 Ix 162.83 Pn = FuAe Part of Truss Used Weight
Sx 4.68 TOP CHORD L50x50x8 5.82
For welded connections, the
rx 14.82 DIAGONAL CHORD L50x50x8 5.82
reduced area Ae is defined as the
y 15.24 effective area (rather than the VERTICAL CHORD L50x50x8 5.82
Iy 162.83 effective net area, and it is given BOTTOM CHORD L50x50x8 5.82
Sy 4.68 by:
ry 14.82 Ae = AgU
x 15.24 where: U = 1 (Table 504.3.1)
Therefore, Ag = Ae

The design tensile strength, ϕtPn, shall be the lower value

obtained according to the limit states of tensile yielding
in the gross section and tensile ruoture in the net section.
DESIGN FOR WELDED CONNECTIONS
510.2.4 Strength
DESIGN DATA: For Shear Strength of weld: The design strength, ϕRn and the allowable strength Rn/Ώ, of
Rn = 0.707(w)Fnxx welds shall be the lower value of the base material and the
FOR TOP CHORD: Rn = 0.707 x w x 0.60Fu weld metal strength determined according to the limit states of
tensile rupture, shear rupture or yielding as follows:
L50x50x8 Rn = 0.707 x x 0.60(415)
Thickness: 8 Rn = 0.880 kN
Pact(max): 158.948 kN Therefore:
Y1 15.24 For the design strength: ϕRn = 0.66 kN < ϕRs= 1.46 kN
Width 50 ϕ = 0.75 SAFE
Electrode: ϕRn = 0.75Rn ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRsr= 0.70 kN
E70XX ϕRn = 0.75(0.528) SAFE
Fy 485 ϕRn= 0.660 kN Note:
Fu 415 Because of the equation above, therefore
For shear at base metal: Weld shear strength controls.
Gusset Plate: t = 5 mm (thickness of gusset plate controls)
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ = 1.00 Solve for length total of weld, LT
Thickness 5 mm Rs = 0.60(Fy)(t) LT = Pu / ϕRn
Rs = 0.60(485)(5) LT = 158.948/0.66
ϕRs= 1.455 kN LT = 240.7573 mm

For shear rupture strength: From equation:

ϕ = 0.75 L1 + L2 = LT → eq. 1
Rsr = 0.45Fut L2 = L1Y1/Y2 → eq. 2
Rsr = 0.45(415)(5)
Rsr = 0.9338 Therefore:
Therefore: ϕRsr= 0.700 kN L1 + L1Y1/Y2 = LT
t= 5mm L1 + L1(15.24/(50-15.24)) = 240.7573
From: L50x50x8 L1 = 167.374 mm ≈ 170mm

Use 5.00 mm size of weld L2 = L1Y1/Y2

L2 = 167.374(15.24)/(50-15.24)
L2 = 73.383 mm ≈ 75mm
DESIGN FOR WELDED CONNECTIONS
510.2.4 Strength
DESIGN DATA: For Shear Strength of weld: The design strength, ϕRn and the allowable strength Rn/Ώ, of
Rn = 0.707(w)Fnxx welds shall be the lower value of the base material and the
FOR DIAGONAL CHORD: Rn = 0.707 x w x 0.60Fu weld metal strength determined according to the limit states of
L50x50x8 Rn = 0.707 x 5 x 0.60(415) tensile rupture, shear rupture or yielding as follows:
Thickness: 8 Rn = 0.8802 kN
Pact(max): 114.381 Therefore:
Y1 15.24 For the design strength: ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRs= 1.46 kN
Width 50 ϕ= 0.75 SAFE
Electrode: ϕRn = 0.75Rn ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRsr= 0.70 kN
E70XX ϕRn = 0.75(0.528) SAFE
Fy 485 ϕRn = 0.66 kN Note:
Fu 415 Because of the equation above, therefore
For shear at base metal: Weld shear strength controls.
Gusset Plate: t = 5 mm (thickness of gusset plate controls)
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ= 1.00 Solve for length total of weld, LT
Thickness 5 mm Rs = 0.60(Fy)(t) LT = Pu / ϕRn
Rs = 0.60(485)(5) LT = 114.381/0.66
ϕRs = 1.46 kN LT = 173.252 mm

For shear rupture strength: From equation:

ϕ= 0.75 L1 + L2 = LT → eq. 1
Rsr = 0.45Fut L2 = L1Y1/Y2 → eq. 2
Rsr = 0.45(415)(5)
Rsr = 0.93 Therefore:
Therefore: ϕRsr = 0.70 kN L1 + L1Y1/Y2 = LT
t= 5mm L1 + L1(15.24/(50-15.24)) = 173.252
From: L50x50x8 L1 = 120.445 mm ≈ 120mm

Use 5.00 mm size of weld L2 = L1Y1/Y2

L2 = 120.445(15.24)/(50-15.24)
L2 = 52.807 mm ≈ 55mm
DESIGN FOR WELDED CONNECTIONS
510.2.4 Strength
DESIGN DATA: For Shear Strength of weld: The design strength, ϕRn and the allowable strength Rn/Ώ, of
Rn = 0.707(w)Fnxx welds shall be the lower value of the base material and the
FOR VERTICAL CHORD: Rn = 0.707 x w x 0.60Fu weld metal strength determined according to the limit states of
tensile rupture, shear rupture or yielding as follows:
L50x50x8 Rn = 0.707 x 5 x 0.60(415)
Thickness: 8 Rn = 0.8802 kN
Pact(max): 108.895 Therefore:
Y1 15.24 For the design strength: ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRs = 1.46 kN
Width 50 ϕ= 0.75 SAFE
Electrode: ϕRn = 0.75Rn ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRsr= 0.70 kN
E70XX `= 0.75(0.528) SAFE
Fy 485 ϕRn= 0.66 kN Note:
Fu 415 Because of the equation above, therefore
For shear at base metal: Weld shear strength controls.
Gusset Plate: t = 5 mm (thickness of gusset plate controls)
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ= 1.00 Solve for length total of weld, LT
Thickness 5 mm Rs = 0.60(Fy)(t) LT = Pu / ϕRn
Rs = 0.60(485)(5) LT = 108.895/0.66
ϕRs= 1.46 kN LT = 164.942 mm

For shear rupture strength: From equation:

ϕ= 0.75 L1 + L2 = LT → eq. 1
Rsr = 0.45Fut L2 = L1Y1/Y2 → eq. 2
Rsr = 0.45(415)(5)
Rsr= 0.93 Therefore:
Therefore: ϕRsr= 0.70 kN L1 + L1Y1/Y2 = LT
t= 5mm L1 + L1(15.24/(50-15.24)) = 164.9424
From: L50x50x8 L1 = 114.668 mm ≈ 115mm

Use 5.00 mm size of weld L2 = L1Y1/Y2

L2 = 114.668(15.24)/(50-15.24)
L2 = 50.274 mm ≈ 50mm
DESIGN DATA: For Shear Strength of weld: 510.2.4 Strength
Rn = 0.707(w)Fnxx The design strength, ϕRn and the allowable strength Rn/Ώ, of
FOR BOTTOM CHORD: Rn = 0.707 x w x 0.60Fu welds shall be the lower value of the base material and the
L50x50x8 Rn = 0.707 x 5 x 0.60(415) weld metal strength determined according to the limit states of
tensile rupture, shear rupture or yielding as follows:
Thickness: 8 Rn = 0.8802 kN
Pact(max): 164.182 Therefore:
Y1 15.24 For the design strength: ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRs= 1.46 kN
Width 50 ϕ = 0.75 SAFE
Electrode: ϕRn = 0.75Rn ϕRn= 0.66 kN < ϕRsr= 0.70 kN
E70XX ϕRn = 0.75(0.528) SAFE
Fy 485 ϕRn= 0.66 kN Note:
Fu 415 Because of the equation above, therefore
For shear at base metal: Weld shear strength controls.
Gusset Plate: t = 5 mm (thickness of gusset plate controls)
Grade of Steel A36 ϕ= 1.00 Solve for length total of weld, LT
Thickness 5 mm Rs = 0.60(Fy)(t) LT = Pu / ϕRn
Rs = 0.60(485)(5) LT = 164.182/0.66
ϕRs= 1.46 kN LT = 248.6852 mm

For shear rupture strength: From equation:

ϕ= 0.75 L1 + L2 = LT → eq. 1
Rsr = 0.45Fut L2 = L1Y1/Y2 → eq. 2
Rsr = 0.45(415)(5)
Rsr= 0.93 kN Therefore:
Therefore: ϕRsr = 0.70 kN L1 + L1Y1/Y2 = LT
t= 5mm L1 + L1(15.24/(50-15.24)) = 248.6852
From: L50x50x8 L1 = 172.886 mm ≈ 175mm

Use 5.00 mm size of weld L2 = L1Y1/Y2

L2 = 172.886(15.24)/(50-15.24)
L2 = 75.799 mm ≈ 75mm
DESIGN SUMMARY O WELDED CONNECTION:

Member L1 L2
TOP CHORD 170mm 75mm
DIAGONAL CHORD 175mm 75mm
VERTICAL CHORD 115mm 50mm
BOTTOM CHORD 120mm 55mm

Member Gusset Plate Weld Size

TOP CHORD 5mm 5mm
DIAGONAL CHORD 5mm 5mm
VERTICAL CHORD 5mm 5mm
BOTTOM CHORD 5mm 5mm