Water Level Indicator

Abstract

The drinking water crisis in India is reaching alarming proportions. It might very soon attain the nature of global crisis. Hence, it is of extreme
importance to preserve water. In home based water tank, the one problem is very common to us that the control of water level of overhead
tank,as a result the wastage of water is increasing day by day. But we all know water is very precious to us.This problem can be controlled by a
simple electronic circuit consists with some cheap electronic components,that circuit is called ‘Water Level Indicator’. The operation of water
level controller works upon the fact that water conducts electricity. So water can be used to open or close a circuit. As the water level rises or
falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals. These signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our
requirements.
Water Level Indicator is a simple low cost circuit. First we introduced this circuit from the web. There the circuit is made with various components
like transsitors (BC547.BC548) Resistors, Leds and etc. After we discussed that how to make the circuit without transistors and after we
calculate that we got the result, beside we got help from our teacher about this circuit. At last we got a simple circuit without transistor and it
shows result. We removd the transsistors to make the circuit cheap and easy installation to all.The other liquid control circuits, which we have
seen those are very critical than this circuit.

——————————  ——————————

1 Introduction

A Water Level Indicator may be defined as a system by than half of the world population will be faced water based
vulnearbility. The presence of water level indicator in reserwhich we can get the information of any water

reservoir. Wa- voir can help control wastage and water indeaquacy in such

ter level indicator system is quite useful to reduce t. Water level indicator is used to show level of water
of water from any reservoir, while filling such reservoir.
in an over head tank, this keeps the user informed about the
Water is most essential thing on earth .Safe drinking water is water level at all time avoids the situation of water
essential to human and other life forms even though it pro-
running out when it is most needed. Indicators circuits
vides no calories or organic nutriants.
have also alarm features. It not indicate amount of water present in
overhead
The total amount of water available on Earth has been rise by 40% by the year 2025. This signifies the need
estimated at 1.4 billion cubic kilometers, enough to to preserve our fresh water resources [1].
cover the planet with a layer of about 3 km. About 95%
of the Earth's water is in the oceans, which is unfit for
human consumption.

About 4% is locked in the polar ice caps, and the rest

1% constitutes all fresh water found in rivers, streams
and lakes which is suitable for our consumption. A tank but also gives an alarm when tank is full.
study estimated that a person in India consumes an Advantages of the proposed water level controller are,
average of 135 litres per day. This consumption would very less maintenance, very low cost, very simple
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 5, April-2016
8
ISSN 2229-5518
construction and the circuit involved is also relatively try to justify how a system as simple as ours can
simpler. It can be easily made at home [5]. compete with those available commercially.

After assembling the system, what remains is to

2 Objectives
observe its operation and efficiency. This can be done
The following objectives are likely to be focused and
by breaking down the activity of the controller from
achieved at the end of the project.
the detection of water to the working of the pump. We
1) To make the most commercial and reliable water
go over the responses obtained when water reaches
level con-
the sensors and the logic employed behind it. We also

4) To propose any ideas or improvements that can lead to fu-

ture development of the controller. Components

3 Market Potential Sl. Range

Market Potential of this water level indicator is very high No. Name of Components
for following reason.

3.1 Simple circuit:

This water level indicator consists with a simple circuit. It
1. One Printed Circuit Small size
is so simple to install and its so much easy to use.
Board
3.2 Low cost 3 Led Lights
The equipments required for this circuit are readily 2. (Green, Yellow.Red) 1-2 volt
available in the market and of very low value.
Dc voltage source
3.3 Low voltage consumption 3. (BATTERY) 9 volt
The circuit does not need any AC auxilliary supply, it
operates on DC voltage source (9 V DC). Thus it is a very
low consumption circuit. One switch 1-10 volt
4.
3.4 Pollution control
Process Involved in the manufacturing of this item does 5. Power Connector 3 – 5 volt
not have any effect on environment (Here Using USB)

4 Technical aspects 3 resistors 220 ohm

6.
4.1 Process of manufacture
7. Wires As requird

8. One Buzzer 5 – 15 volt

A simple water level indicator can be made using
resistors, IJ

LEDs, etc. For this it may be designed a water sensor

by using
conducting wires. In this paper we have designed the
sensor 4.3 Schemetic Diagram to measure water up to
four levels. Take 4 segments of insu- lated conducting
wires. Tore out the ends ofthese wires, approximately
1cm. Adjust the length of the wire segments according
IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 5, April-2016
9
ISSN 2229-5518
to the water levels. In the following diagram it has been displayed with 4
different colours. The wire with Black colour is connected to buzzer. The wires
with colours Yellow, Red, &Green are adjusted to check Level1, Level2, Level3
and Level4 respectively.
Water level indicator works through the following circuit diagram. Here this circuit is connected to 9 volt dc
voltage source. The positive end of the dc source is conneted to the over head water tank and the negative end
of the dc source is connected the diode leds and the buzzer accordingly.
The other end of the leds are connected to the 220 ohm resistors and the resistor ends are connected to the
separately to the over head water tank. The buzzer’s other end is connected to the over head water tank here
the resistor is not connected. One switch is connected between the positive voltage source of the circuit and
the battery.

Fig.4.1 Water Level Indicator Circuit

The water level Inndicator employs a simple
4.4 Working Principle mechanism to detect and indicate the water level in an
over head tank or any
7 CONCLUSION
When the water stared filling to the over head water tank then other water container. The sensing is done by
using a set of
the green led glows, next when the level reaches upto the mid four probes which are placed at four
different levels.
level of the over head water tank then yellow led glows after
We can conclude that this system is very beneficial in
rural as
that the red led glows that the tank is going to be full or full at well as urban areas. It helps in the efficient
utilization of
last the buzzer sounds when tank is going to be over flow. available water
sources.
If used on a large scale, it can provide a major contribution in
5 Applications the conservation of water for us and the future generations.

In these days, when the Earth's reserve of consumable

water is
Water level Indicator can be used in Hotels, Factories, Homes, decreasing every moment, every drop
has its value.
Apartments, Commercial complexes, Drainage, etc. It can be
Water level controller is a simple yet effective way to
prevent fixed for single phase motor, three phase motors, fuel level wastage of water. Its simplicity in design
and low cost compoindicator in veichles.liquid level indicator in the huge containnents make it an ideal piece of
technology for the common er companies on the tank walls. man.

8 Future Work
6 Arrengement of Project Work
In future, we want upgrade this circuit with some sensor
which can automatically stop the power supply of the
driving pump or motor. As a result the future circuit is
not very cheaper the the present one, but we try our
best to

•
Make it simple,
•
Easy to use,

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 5, April-2016
10
ISSN 2229-5518
•
Easy to install,

As a result it can available

•
To make Available for all,
•
Try to smaller than the present one.

Acknowledgement
It is a pleasant task to express our gratitude to all those who have accompanied and
helped us in this work.
First and foremost, we take this opportunity to express deep sense of gratitude to our Guide (late) Dr. Prof. A. K.
Mukhapadhaya, Department of Electrical Engineering, Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata- India, for his
invaluable suggestions and encouragement throughout the project which helped us a lot to improve this project
work. We are also indebted to Principal and HOD-EE of Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata- India their kind
help and co-operation during this work.
Our sincere thanks to all our family members for their moral support and encouragement, without which, the
work would not have been possible.
Last but not least, we extend our thanks and appreciation to our friends, colleagues, batch-mates and everyone
who have helped us directly or indirectly to get this work done.

“Excellence is not a destination; it is a continuous journey that never ends”

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 5, April-2016
11
ISSN 2229-5518

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org