Solution

CHAPTER1,2,3

Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(d) 22 × 72
Explanation:
196 = 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 = 22 × 72

2.
(b) a = 2, b = 1
Explanation:
– √3−1
a − b√3 =
√3+1

√3−1 √3−1
= ×
√3+1 √3−1
2
( √3−1)
= 2 2
( √3) −(1)
2 2
( √3) +(1) −2(1))( √3)
= 3−1

3+1−2√3
= 2
4−2√3
= 2

2(2− √3)
= 2
–
= 2- √3
– –
⇒ a − b√3 = 2 - √3
⇒ a = 2, b = 1

3. (a) p divides b
Explanation:
If p divides b2, then p also divides b.
4.
(d) 2
Explanation:
LCM (a, b, c) = 2 × 3 × 5 .... (I) 3 2

we have to find the value of n

Also we have
3
a= 2 × 3

b = 2 × 3 × 5

n
c = 3 × 5

We know that the while evaluating LCM, we take greater exponent of the prime numbers in the factorisation of the number.
Therefore, by applying this rule and taking n ≥ 1 we get the LCM as
LCM (a, b, c) = 2 × 3 × 5 ..... (II)
3 n

On comparing (I) and (II) sides, we get:

3 2 3 n
2 × 3 × 5 = 2 × 3 × 5

n=2

5. (a) a rational number

Explanation:
– – – –
(1 + √2) + (1 - √2) = 1 + √2 + 1 - √2 = 1 + 1 = 2 And 2 is a rational number.
Therefore the given number is rational number.

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 6. (a) 2
Explanation:
2 2
3825 = 3 × 5 × 17

On comparing
x = 2, y = 2, z = 1
x + y - 2z = 2 + 2 - 2 × 1
=4-2
=2
7.
(c) 24 × 33
Explanation:
24 × 33

8.
(d) (i) - (4), (ii) - (14)
Explanation:
i. H.C.F. (28, 16, 12) = 2 × 2 = 4
∴ Number of books each student got = 4

ii. Number of students who got Maths books = 28

4
=7
16
Number of students who got Science books = 4
=4
Number of students who got Social Science books = 12

4
=3
∴ Total number of students who got books = 7 + 4 + 3 = 14.

9. (a) 60
Explanation:
HCF = (23 × 32 × 5, 22 × 33 × 52, 24 × 3 × 53 × 7)
HCF = Product of smallest power of each common prime factor in the numbers
= 22 × 3 × 5 = 60
10. (a) an irrational number
Explanation:
–
Let 2 - √3 be rational number
– p
2 - √3 = where p and q are composite numbers
q
– p
√3 = q
+2
– (p+2q)
√3 = q

(p+2q)
since p, q are integers, so q
is rational
–
∴ √3 is an irrational number
it shows our supposition was wrong
–
hence 2-√3 is an irrational number.
11.
(b) 72
Explanation:
Here a = 1, b = -6, c = 8
Since α 3
+ β
3
= (α + β) [ α
2
+ β
2
− αβ] = (α + β) [ (α + β)
2
− 2αβ − αβ]

= (α + β) [ (α + β) 2
− 3αβ]

2
−b −b
=( a
) [(
a
) − 3 ×
c

a
]

2
−b
=( a
)[
b
−
3c

a
]
a2
2
−b b −3ac
=( a
)[ ]
a2

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 3
− b +3abc
= 3
a
3
− (−6) +3×1×(−6)×8 216−144
Putting the values of a,b and c, we get = 3
= 1
= 72
(1)

12.
(b) 10
Explanation:
p(x) = -x2 + 8x + 9
finding zero of p(x)
-x2 + 9x - x + 9
= -x(x - 9) -1(x - 9)
= (x - 9)(-x - 1)
x = 9 x = −1
↑ ↑

α β

Now,
α − β = 9 - (-1)
= 9 + 1 = 10

13. (a) 2
Explanation:
If α, β be the zeros of the polynomial 2x2 + 5x + k
−5
then, α + β = 2
and αβ = k

Given,
2 2 21 2 21
α + β + αβ = ⇒ (α + β ) − αβ =
4 4
2
−5 k 21
⇒ ( ) − =
2 2 4

k 25 21
⇒ = ( − ) = 1 ⇒ k = 2
2 4 4

14.
(b) 3

2
, -1
Explanation:
2x2 - x - 3
2x2 - 3x + 2x - 3
x(2x - 3) + 1 (2x - 3)
(2x - 3)(x + 1)
Zeroes are and -1 3

15.
(c) 11

Explanation:
α+β
Here a = 3,b = 11,c = - 4 Since α
1
+
1

β
=
αβ

−11 −4
α + β =
3
, αβ = 3
−11

11
So,
3
=
−4 4

16. (a) 5x3 is a monomial

Explanation:
5x3 is a monomial as it contains only one term.
17.
(b) 3

3 / 20
A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 Explanation:
Let one zero be β then the other zero will be 1

Since αβ = c

a
⇒α ×
1

α
=
6a

a2 +9

⇒ 1= 2
6a

a +9

⇒ 6a = a2 + 9
⇒ a2 - 6a + 9 = 0
⇒ (a - 3)(a - 3) = 0

a - 3 = 0 and a - 3 = 0
⇒ a = 3 and a = 3

18.
(d) x2 + 3x + 2
Explanation:
According to the question:
α + β = -3 and αβ = 2

The quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of the zeroes are given is given by
x2 - (α + β )x + αβ
⇒ Then the quadratic polynomial will be:

⇒ x2 - (-3)x + 2
⇒ x2 + 3x + 2
Hence, the quadratic polynomial is x2 + 3x + 2

19.
(b) x2 + 3x - 40
Explanation:
Let α and β , zeroes of the quadratic polynomials where, α = 5 and β = -8
α + β = 5 + (-8)
= -3
αβ = 5 × (-8)

= -40
For quadratic polynomials,
p(x) = k(x2 - (α +β )x + αβ)
= k(x2 - (-3)x + (-40))
= k(x2 + 3x - 40)
for k =1,
p(x) = x2 + 3x - 40

20.
(b) x2 - 2x - 1
Explanation:
A quadratic polynomial is always in the form of
x2 - (sum of zeros)x + (product of Zeros)
hence the required polynomial is
x2 -(2)x + (-1)
= x2 - 2x - 1

21. (a) am ≠ bl
Explanation:

4 / 20
A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 Given equation
ax = by + c and lx + my = n
Comparing
ax + by - c = 0 with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0
a1 = a, b1 = b, c1 = -c
Comparing
lx + my - n = 0 with a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
a2 = l, b2 = m, c2 = -n
∴ For a unique solution
a1 b1
≠
a2 b2

a b
⇒ ≠
l m

⇒ am ≠ bl
33
22. (a) 2

Explanation:
We have, 36x + 24y = 702
and 24x + 36y = 558
Simplifying above equations, we get
6x + 4y = 117 ...(i)
and 4x + 6y = 93 ...(ii)
Multiplying (i) by 3, (ii) by -2 and then adding, we get
18x + 12y - 8x - 12y = 351 -186
⇒ 10x = 165⇒ x = =
165 33

10 2

23.
(d) 80°
Explanation:
∠A = (x + y +10), ∠ B = (y + 20)o, ∠ C = (x + y - 30) and ∠ D = (x + y)o
And ABCD is a cylic quadrilateral
⇒ Sum of opposite angles = 180o
∠ A +∠ C = 180o
⇒ x + y + 10 + x + y - 30 = 180o
⇒ 2x + 2y - 20 = 180o
⇒ 2x + 2y = 200 ⇒ x + y = 100 ... (1)

And
∠ B + ∠ D = 180o
⇒ y + 20 + x + y = 180o
x + 2y = 160o .... (2)
from eqn. (1) and (2)

⇒ y = 60o, x = 40o
Now ∠ B = y + 20
= 60 + 20 = 80o

24.
(b) -15x + 9y = 5
Explanation:

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 For lines to be parallel
a1 b1 c1
= ≠
a2 b2 c2

25.
(b) 5

13

Explanation:
x
Let the fraction be y
.
According to question
x + y = 18 ... (i)
x
And y+2
=
1

⇒ 3x = y + 2
⇒ 3x - y = 2 ... (ii)
On solving eq. (i) and eq. (ii), we get
x = 5, y = 13
Therefore, the fraction is 5

13

26. (a) parallel

Explanation:
Given: a1 = 6, a2 = 2, b1 = -3, b2 = -1, c1 = 10 and c2 =9​​
a1 = 6, a2 = 2, b1 = −3, b2 = −1, c1 = 10 and c
2 = 9
a1 b1 −3 c1
Here a2
=
6

2
=
3

1
,
b2
=
−1
=
3

1
,
c2
=
10

9
c1
but c2
=
10

9
a1 b1 c1
∵ = ≠
a2 b2 c2

Therefore, the lines are parallel.

27.
(b) p ≠ -6
Explanation:
The given equations has unique solution, if
a1 b1
≠
a2 b2

2 3
⇒ − ≠
4 p

1 3
⇒ − ≠
2 p

⇒ p ≠ −6

28. (a) unique solution

Explanation:
2x + 3y - 7 = 0
6x + 5y - 11 = 0
By Comparing with a1x + b1y + c = 0 and a2x + b2y + c = 0,
Here, a1 = 2, b1 = 3, c1 = - 7, and a2 = 6 , b2 = 5, c2 = -11
a1 2 1
= =
a2 6 3

b1 3
=
b2 5

a1 b1
Since a2
≠
b2

Therefore, the system of equations has a unique solution.

29.
(d) -2
Explanation:
Condition for coincident lines is
a1 b1 c1

a2
= b2
= c2
…(i)

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 Given lines are,
3x - y + 8 = 0
and 6x + ky + 16 = 0;
Comparing with the standard form, gives
a1 = 3, b1 = - 1, c1 = 8;
a2 = 6, b2 = k, c2 = 16;
3 −1 8
and, from Eq. (i), 6
=
k
=
16
−1 1
=
k 2

So, k = -2

30.
(d) k ≠ 3
Explanation:
For unique solution
a1 b1
≠
a2 b2

2k 5
≠
6 5
5×6
k ≠
2×5

k ≠ 3

Section B
31. 18180 = 22 × 32 × 5 × 101
7575 = 3 × 52 × 101
LCM = 22 × 32 × 52 × 101 = 90900
HCF = 3 × 5 × 101 = 1515
32. Given number,
7 × 9 × 13 × 15 + 15 × 14
= 15(7 × 9 × 13 + 14)
Clearly, this number is a product of two numbers other than 1 and has factors other than 1, and itself.
Therefore, it is a composite number.
33. Two positive integers are 1001 and 385.
By applying Euclid’s division lemma
1001 = 385 × 2 + 231
385 = 231× 1 + 154
231 = 154× 1 + 77
154 = 77× 2 + 0
HCF = 77
Hence HCF of 1001 and 385 is 77.
34. Let us assume √3 be a rational, then as every rational can be represented in the form p/q where q≠0
Let √3=p/q where p,q have no common factor.
Now squaring on both sides we get 3=p2/q2
⟹ 3× q2=p2
Which means 3 divides p2 which implies 3 divides p
Hence we can write p=3× k, where k is some constant.
This gives 3× q2=9× k2
q2=3× k2
Which means 3 divides q2 which implies 3 divides q.
3 divides p and q which means 3 is a common factor for p and q.
And this is a contradiction for our assumption that p and q have no common factor…
Hence we can say our assumption that √3 is rational is wrong…
And therefore √3 is an irrational…

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
35. 336 = 2 4
× 3 × 7 and 54 = 2 × 3 3

HCF = 2 × 3 = 6

4 3
LCM = 2 × 3 × 7

= 3024
36. The given quadratic equation is 4s2 - 4s + 1
= (2s)2 - 2(2s)1 + 12
As, we know (a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2, the above equation can be written as
= (2s - 1)2
The value of 4s2 − 4s + 1 is zero when 2s − 1 = 0, and when, s =
1 1

2
, 2

Therefore, the zeroes of 4s2 − 4s + 1 are 1

2
and 1

1 1 −(−4) −( coefficient of s)
Sum of zeroes = + = 1 = =
2 2 4
coefficient of s2
constant term
Product of zeroes = 1
×
1
=
1
=
2 2 4 coefficient of s2
Hence Verified.
37. Let p(x) = (a + 5)x2 + 13x + 6a
1
Let b be the one zero of p(x), then other zero is b
6a
Now, product of zeroes of p(x) = 5+a
, then,
1 6a
b × =
b 5+a
6a

5+a
=1
5 + a = 6a
5a = 5
∴ a=1
38. The given quadratic polynomial is 2x2 + 5x + k.
If α, β are zeroes of quadratic polynomial
−b −5
α + β = =
a 2
c k
αβ = =
a 2

Putting these values in (α + β) 2

− αβ = 24,
2
−5
we get ( 2
) −
k

2
= 24

25 k
⇒ − = 24
4 2
−k 25
⇒ = 24 −
2 4
−k 96−25
⇒ =
2 4
−71 −71
⇒ k = × 2 =
4 2

39. Here P(x) =3x2 - 2kx + 2m

Since, 2 is a zero of p(x), then
P(2) = 3(2)2 - 4k + 2m = 12 - 4k + 2m=0
12 - 4k + 2m = 0
4k - 2m = 12-----(1)
Since, 3 is a zero of p(x), then
P(3) = 3(3)2 - 2× 3k + 2m = 0
⇒ 27 - 6k + 2m = 0

⇒ 6k - 2m = 27.........(2)

On subraction of (1) from(2) we get

2k=15,k= 15

From (1)
2(2k)-2m=12
2× 15-2m=12
2m=30-12=18
15
Hence m=9,k= 2

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
40. Given polynomial is
f(x) = x2 - 2x + 3
Compare with ax2 + bx + c, we get
a = 1 , b = -2 and c = 3
−2
Sum of the zeroes =α + β = − b

a
= −
1
= 2

Product of the zeroes = αβ = c

a
=
3

1
= 3

α−1 β −1
Sum of the zeroes of new polynomial = α+1
+
β +1

(α−1)(β +1)+(β −1)(α+1)

=
(α+1)(β +1)

αβ +α−β −1+αβ +β −α−1

=
(α+1)(β +1)

αβ −1+αβ −1
=
αβ +α+ β +1

3−1+3−1
=
3+1+2

4
=
6
2
=
3

α−1 β −1
Product of the zeroes of new polynomial = α+1
×
β +1

(α−1)(β −1)
=
(α+1)(β +1)

αβ − α−β +1
=
αβ + α+β +1

αβ −(α+β )+1
=
αβ +( α+β ) +1

3 − 2+1
=
3+ 2 +1

2 1
= =
6 3

So, the quadratic polynomial is, x2 - (sum of the zeroes)x + (product of the zeroes)
2 2 1
= x − x +
3 3

Thus, the required quadratic polynomial is f (x) = k (x 2

−
2

3
x +
1

3
) , where k is any non zero real number.
41. The given system of equations is
2x + y = 7 ... (i)
4x - 3y = -1. ...(ii)
From (i), we get
2x + y = 7
⇒ y = (7 - 2x).
Substituting y = (7 - 2x) in (ii), we get
4x - 3y = -1
⇒ 4x - 3 (7 - 2x) = - 1
⇒ 4x - 21+ 6x = -1
⇒ 10x - 21 = -1
⇒ 10x = - 1 + 21
⇒ 10x = 20
⇒x= 20

10

⇒ x = 2.
Substituting x = 2 in y = (7 - 2x), we get
y = (7 - 2x)
⇒ y = 7 - 2(2)
⇒y=7-4
⇒ y = 3.
Hence, the solution is x = 2, y = 3.
42. Given equation of lines are
3x - y = 2 …(i)
2x -3y = 2 …(ii)
and x + 2y = 8 …(iii)
Let lines (i), (ii) and (iii) represent the side of a ∆ABC i.e., AB, BC and CA respectively.

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 On solving lines (i) and (ii), we will get the intersecting point B.
On multiplying Eq. (i) by 3 and then subtracting with Eq. (ii), we get
(9x-3y) - (2x-3y) = 9-2
7x = 7
x=1
On putting the value of x in Eq. (i), we get
3×1 - y = 3
y=0
So, the coordinate of point or vertex B is (1, 0)
On solving lines (ii) and (iii), we will get the intersecting point C.
On multiplying Eq. (iii) by 2 and then subtracting with (ii), we get
(2x + 4y)-(2x-3y) = 16-2
7y = 14y = 2
On putting the value of y in Eq. (iii), we get
x+2=2×2=8
x=4
Hence, the coordinate of point or vertex C is (4, 2).
On solving lines (iii) and (i), we will get the intersecting point A.
On multiplying in Eq. (i) by 2 and then adding Eq. (iii), we get
(6x-2y) + (x + 2y) = 6 + 8
7x = 14
x=2
On putting the value of x in Eq. (i), we get
3×2 - y = 3
y=3
So, the coordinate of point or vertex A is (2, 3).
Hence, the vertices of the ∆ABC formed by the given lines are A (2, 3), B(1, 0) and C (4, 2).
43. Given the linear equation 3x + 4y = 9.
a1 b1
i. For intersecting lines a2
≠
b2

Another linear equation in two variables such that the geometrical representation of the pair so formed is intersecting lines is
3x - 5y = 10
a1 b1 c1
ii. For coincident lines a2
=
b2
=
c2

So, one of the possible equation is 6x + 8y = 18

44. The given lines represented by 2x + y = 3 and 4x + 2y = 6
compare with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
Here a = 2, b = 1, c = −3
1 1 1

and a = 4, b = 2, c = −6
2 2 2

a1 b1 c1
If a2
=
b2
=
c2
, then the lines are parallel.
Clearly 2

4
=
1

2
=
3

Hence lines are coincident.

45. Let x, L of 50% acid be mixed with y, L. of 25% acid.
then x + y = 10 .... (i)
25y
as 50x

100
+
100
=
40×10

100

∴ 2x + y = 16 ..(ii)
Subtracting eq. (i) from eq. (ii), we get
x=6
Putting x = 6 in eq. (i), we get
6 + y = 10
y=4
46. Let p(x) = 6x2 - 3 - 7x
For zeroes of p(x),

10 / 20
A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 p(x) = 0
⇒ 6x2 - 3 - 7x = 0
⇒ 6x2 - 7x - 3 = 0
⇒ 6x2 - 9x + 2x - 3 = 0​
⇒ ​3x(2x - 3) + (2x - 3) = 0

⇒ (2x - 3) (3x + 1) = 0

⇒ 2x - 3 = 0 or 3x + 1 = 0

⇒ x = or x = − ⇒ x =
3

2
1

3
3

2
,−
1

So, the zeroes of p(x) are 3

2
and −
1

We observe that Sum of its zeroes

3 1 3 1
= + (− ) = −
2 3 2 3

9−2 −(−7) Coefficient of x

= =
7
= = −
6 6 6
Coefficient of x2

Product of its zeroes = ( 3

2
) × (−
1

3
)

1 3 Constant term
=- = − =
2 6
Coefficient of x2

47. 7y2 - 11

3
y −
2

= 1

3
(21y2 - 11y - 2)
= 1

3
(21y2 - 14y + 3y - 2)
1
= 3
[7y(3y - 2) + 1(3y - 2)]
1
= 3
(3y - 2)(7y + 1)
−1
⇒ y =
2

3
,
7
are zeroes of the polynomial.
If Given polynimoal is 7y2 - 11

3
y −
2

Then a = 7 , b = − 11

3
and c = − 2

Sum of zeroes = 2

3
+
−1

7
=
14−3

21
=
11

21
........ (i)
−11
−( )
−b
Also, ........ (ii)
3 11
= =
a 7 21

From (i) and (ii)

−b
Sum of zeroes = a
−1 −2
Now, product of zeroes = 2

3
×
7
=
21
....... (iii)
−2

Also, c

a
=
7
3
=
−2

21
......... (iv)
From (iii) and (iv)
c
Product of zeroes = a

48. Given polynomial is f(x) = x2 - 2x + 3

Compare with ax2 + bx + c, we get
a = 1 , b = -2 and c = 3
b −2
Sum of the zeroes =α + β = − a
= −
1
= 2

Product of the zeroes = αβ = c

a
=
3

1
= 3

Sum of the zeroes of new polynomial = (α + 2) + (β + 2)

=α+β+4
=2+4=6
Product of the zeroes of new polynomial = (α + 2)(β + 2)
= αβ + 2α + 2β + 4
= αβ + 2(α + β) + 4
= 3 + 2(2) + 4
= 11
So, quadratic polynomial is: x2 - (sum of the zeroes)x + (product of the zeroes)
= x2 - 6x + 11
Hence, the required quadratic polynomial is f(x) = (x2 - 6x + 11)

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
49. Let the polynomial be ax2 + bx + c.
and its zeroes be α and β .
–
Then, α + β = √2 = − and αβ = b

a
1

3
=
c

a
–
If a = 3, then b = −3√2 and c = 1.
–
So, one quadratic polynomial which fits the given conditions is 3x 2
− 3√2x + 1 .
–
It is given that α + β = √2 and αβ = 1

Now, standard form of quadratic polynomial is given by x 2

− (α + β)x + αβ

2
= x − (α + β)x + αβ

2
– 1
= x − √2x +
3
1 2
–
= (3x − 3√2x + 1)
3
–
Hence the required quadratic polynomial is 3x 2
− 3√2x + 1

50. Let p(x) = x2 - 2x - (7p + 3)

Since -1 is a zero of p(x). Therefore,
p(-1) = 0
(-1)2 - 2(-1) - (7p + 3)=0
1 + 2 - 7p - 3 = 0
3 - 7p - 3 = 0
7p = 0
p=0
Thus, p(x) = x2 - 2x - 3
For finding zeros of p(x), we put,
p(x) = 0
x2 - 2x - 3 = 0
x2 - 3x - x - 3 = 0
x(x-3) + 1(x-3) = 0
(x-3)(x+1) = 0
Put x - 3 = 0 and x + 1 = 0, we get,
Thus, x = 3, -1
Thus, the other zero is 3.
51. Let the digits at units and tens place of the given number be x and y respectively.
Then,
Number =10y + x ...........(i)
Number obtained by reversing the order of the digits = 10x + y
According to the question,
(10y + x) + (10x + y) = 165

⇒ x + y = 15

and, x − y = 3
Thus, we obtain the following systems of linear equations.
i. x + y = 15
x − y = 3

ii. x + y = 15
y − x = 3

Solving first system of equations, we get

x = 9, y = 6

Solving second system of equation, we. get

x = 6, y = 9

Substituting the values of x and y in equation (i), we have

Number = 69 or, 96 .
52. According to question the given equations are
10x + 3y = 75 ..........(i)
6x - 5y = 11. ......... (ii)

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 Multiplying equation (i) by 5 and equation (ii) by 3, we get
50x + 15y = 375 ... (iii)
18x - 15y = 33 .........(iv)
Adding equation (iii) and equation (iv), we get
50x + 15y + 18x - 15y = 375 + 33
68x = 408⇒ x = ⇒ x = 6
408

68

Put the value of x = 6 in equation (i), we get

(10× 6) + 3y = 75 ⇒ 60+3y = 75
⇒ 3y = 75 - 60

3y = 15
⇒ y=5
∴ x = 6, y = 5.

53. The given pair of linear equations

2x + 3y = 11 ...... (1)
2x - 4y = -24 ....... (2)
From equation (1), 3y = 11 - 2x
11−2x
⇒ y =
3

Substituting this value of y in equation (2), we get

11−2x
2x − 4 ( ) = −24
3

⇒ 6x − 44 + 8x = −72

⇒ 14x − 44 = −72

⇒ 14x = 44 − 72

⇒ 14x = −28
28
⇒ x = − = −2
14

Substituting this value of x in equation (3), we get

11−2(−2) 11+4 15
y = = = = 5
3 3 3

Verification, Substituting x = -2 and y = 5, we find that both the equations (1) and (2) are satisfied as shown below:
2x + 3y = 2(−2) + 3(5) = −4 + 15 = 11

2x − 4y = 2(−2) − 4(5) = −4 − 20 = −24

This verifies the solution,

Now, y = axe + 3
⇒ 5 = m(−2) + 3

⇒ −2m = 5 − 3

⇒ −2m = 2
2
⇒ m= = −1
−2

54. In cyclic quadrilateral

∠A + ∠C = 180 and ∠B + ∠D = 180

⇒ 2x + 4 + 2y + 10 = 180

⇒ x + y = 83 ... (i)

and ∠B + ∠D = 180
⇒ y + 3 + 4x - 5 = 180

⇒ 4x + y = 182 ...(ii)

on solving eq. (i) and (ii), we get,

x = 33 and y = 50
∴ Angles are

∘
∠A = 2x + 4 = 2 × 33 + 4 = 70
∘
∠B = y + 3 = 50 + 3 = 53

∘
∠C = 2y + 10 = 2 × 50 + 10 = 110

∘
∠D = 4x − 5 = 4 × 33 − 5 = 127

55. Let the fare from station A to B be Rs. x and that from station A to C be Rs. y.
Then, according to the question,
2x + 3y = 795...................(1)

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 3x + 5y = 1300...................(2)
From equation(1), 3y = 795 - 2x
795−2x
⇒ y =
3
...............(3)
Substitute this value of y in equation(2), we get
795−2x
3x + 5 ( ) = 1300
3

⇒ 9x + 3975 - 10x = 3900

⇒ - x + 3975 = 3900
⇒ - x = 3900 - 3975

⇒ -x = -75

⇒ x = 75
Substituting the value of x in equation (3), we get
795−2(75) 795−150 645
y = = = = 215
3 3 3

Hence, the fare from station A to B is Rs. 75 and that from station A to C is Rs. 215.
Verification: Substituting x = 75, y = 215, we find that both the equations (1) and (2) arfe satisfied as shown below:
2x + 3y = 2(75) + 3(215) = 150 + 645 = 795
3x + 5y = 3(75) + 5(215) = 225 + 1075 = 1300
This verifies the solution.
56. 2x2 + 3x - 14 = 2x2 + 7x - 4x - 14
= (x - 2)(2x + 7)
x = 2, − 7

7 3
Sum of zeroes = 2 + (− 2
) =− 2

7
Product of zeroes = 2 × − 2
= -7
−
b

a
=− 3

2
c

a
=− 14

2
= -7
⇒ \Hence, sum of zeroes = − b

a
c
Product of zeroes = a

57. According to the question, α and β are zeroes of p(x) = 6x2 - 5x + k

−5 5
So, Sum of zeroes = α + β = − ( 6
) =
6
.......(i)
1
α − β =
6
(Given) ..........(ii)
Adding equations (i) and (ii) , we get
2α = 1

or, α = 1

On putting the value of α in equation (ii), we get

1 1
− β =
2 6
1 1
β = −
2 6

2 1
β = =
6 3
k 1 1 1
∴ αβ = = × =
6 2 3 6

Hence, k = 1
58. Given quadratic polynomial is
f(y) = 7y − y − 2 11

3
2

For zeroes of f(y), put f(y) = 0

2 11 2
⇒ 7y − y − = 0
3 3

⇒ 21y2 - 11y - 2 = 0
⇒ 21y2 - 14y + 3y - 2 = 0 (by splitting the middle term method)
⇒ 7y(3y - 2) + 1(3y - 2) = 0

⇒ (3y - 2)(7y + 1) = 0
Therefore, either 3y - 2 = 0 or 7y + 1 = 0
−1
⇒ y = or y =
2

3 7

Now Verification of the relations between α , β ,a, b, and c:

−1 −2
We have α = 2

3
, β =
7
, a = 7, b = − 11

3
, c =
3

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 −b
⇒ α + β =
a
11
+
2 1 3
⇒ ( ) − =
3 7 7

14−3 11 1
⇒ = ×
21 3 7
11 11
⇒ =
21 21

⇒ LHS = RHS
Hence verified.
c
Also, we know that α ⋅ β = a
−2

2 −1 3
⇒ ( ) × ( ) =
3 7 7

−2 −2 1
⇒ = ×
21 3 7
−2 −2
⇒ =
21 21

⇒ LHS = RHS
Hence verified.
–
59. Here, f (v) = v 2
+ 4√3v − 15

For zeroes of f(v), put f(v) = 0

2
–
⇒ v + 4√3v − 15 = 0
– –
⇒ v
2
+ 5√3v − 1√3v − 15 = 0 (By splitting the middle term)
– – –
⇒ v(v + 5√3) − √3(v + 5√3) = 0
– –
⇒ (v + 5√3)(v − √3) = 0
– –
⇒ (v + 5√3) = 0 or (v − √3) = 0
– –
Therefore, either v = −5√3 or v = √3
Verification of relations between α , β , a, b, c:
– – –
we have, α = −5√3, β = √3, a = 1, b = 4√3, and c = -15
−b
α + β =
a

– – −4√3
⇒ −5√3 + √3 =
1
– –
⇒ −4√3 = −4√3

⇒ LHS = RHS
Hence, verified.
Also we know that
c
α ⋅ β =
a
– – −15
⇒ (−5√3)(√3) =
1

⇒ -5 × 3 = -15
⇒ -15 = -15
⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, verified.
60. According to the question, α and β are zeroes of p(x) = 6x2 - 5x + k
−5
So, Sum of zeroes =α + β = − ( 6
) =
5

6
.......(i)
α − β =
1

6
(Given).......(ii)
Adding equations (i) and (ii), we get
2α = 1
or, α = 1

On putting the value of α in equation (ii), we get

1 1
− β =
2 6
1 1
β = −
2 6
2 1
β = =
6 3
k 1 1
∴ αβ = = ×
6 2 3

Hence, k = 1
Section C
61. i. a is a non zero real number and b and c are any real numbers.
ii. D = 0

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 iii. 2x2 - x + 8k
α ×
1

α
= 8k

1 = 4k
k= 1

OR
−b −coefficient of x
α + β = a
i.e., ( 2
)
coefficient of x

constant term
αβ =
c
i.e., ( )
a
coeff of x2

62. i. Graph of y = f(x) intersects X-axis at two distinct points. So we can say that no of zeros of y = f(x) is 2.
ii. There will not be any zero if graph of f(x) does not intersect x- axis.
iii. x2 + (a + 1) x + b is the quadratic polynomial.
2 and -3 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial.
−(a+1)
Thus, 2 + (-3) = 1

(a+1)
⇒
1
=1
⇒ a+1=1
⇒ a = 0

Also, 2 × (-3) = b
⇒ b = -6
OR
If -4 is zero of given polynomial then,
(-4)2 - 2(-4) - (7p + 3) = 0
⇒ 16 + 8 - 7p - 3 = 0

⇒ 7p = 21
⇒ p=3
63. i. Two
ii. 7 and -7
iii. -(a + 1) = 2 + (-3) ⇒ a = 0
b = 2 × (–3) ⇒ b = -6
OR
Let α and β be the zeroes of given polynomial
Here, α + β = -p and αβ = 45
(α - β )2 = 144
⇒ (α + β )2 - 4αβ = 144
⇒ (-p)2 - 4 × 45 = 144
⇒ p = ±18

64. i. Zeroes are -2 and 8

α + β = -2 + 8 = 6

αβ =-2 × 8 = -16
expression of polynomial
x2 - (α + β)x + αβ
x2 - 6x - 16
ii. P(x) = x2 - 6x - 16
P(4) = 42 - 6(4) - 16
= 16 - 24 - 16
= -24
iii. P(x) = -x2 + 3x - 2
−3
α + β =
−1

α + β = 3 ...(i)
−2
αβ = −1

αβ = 2 ...(ii)

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 (α − β )
2
= (α + β )
2
- 4αβ
(α − β)
2
= (3)2 -
4(2)
(α − β)
2
=9-8
–
α − β = ± √1

α − β = ±1

Taking
α − β = 1

α + β = 3

2α = 4
α = 2

Put α = 2 in, α − β = 1
2-β=1
β = 1

OR
−3
α + β = −1
=3
−2
αβ = = 2
−1

65. i. Parabola
ii. As the curve cuts x-axis two times
∴ No of zero's = 2

iii. ∵ The parabola cuts x-axis at x = -2 and x = 4

∴ The zero's are = -2, 4

OR
2
66. i. 2
ii. 81.2 m
iii. quadratic polynomial
OR
(x - 3) and (x - 2)
67. i. Parabola
ii. a > 0
iii. ∵ The graph cut the x-axis thrice
∴ No of zeroes = 3

OR
a<0
68. i. Point of intersection of graph of polynomial, gives the zeroes of the polynomial.
∴ zeroes = -4 and 7
ii. Since, zero's are α = -4, β = 7
α + β = -4 + 7 = 3

αβ = -4 × 7 = -28

P(x) = x2 - (Sum of zeroes)x + product of zeroes

P(x) = x2 - 3x + (-28)
P(x) = x2 - 3x - 28
iii. Product of zeroes = -4 × 7
= -28
OR
a is a non-zero real number, b and c are any real numbers c.
69. i. Zeroes of the polynomial are 0 and 5
ii. Maximum height achieved by ball
2
5 5
= 25 × − 5 × ( )
2 2

=
125

4
or 31.25 m

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 iii. a. −5t 2
+ 25t = 30

2
⇒ t − 5t + 6 = 0

⇒ (t - 2)(t - 3) = 0
t ≠ 3, t = 2

OR
b. −5t 2
+ 25t = 20

2
⇒ t − 5t + 4 = 0

⇒ (t - 4)(t - 1) = 0
⇒ t = 4, 1
70. i. Let the fixed charge be ₹ x and per kilometer charge be ₹ y
∴ x + 10y = 105 ...(i)

x + 15y = 155 ...(ii)

From (i) and (ii)
5y = 50
y= 50

5
= 10
From equation (i)
x + 100 = 105
x = 105 - 100 = 5
Fixed charges = ₹ 5
ii. Let the fixed charge be ₹ x and per kilometer charge be ₹ y
∴ x + 10y = 105 ...(1)

x + 15y = 155 ...(2)

From (1) and (2)
5y = 50
50
y= 5
= 10
From equation (1)
x + 100 = 105
x = 105 - 100 = 5
Per km charges = ₹ 10
iii. Let the fixed charge be ₹ a and per kilometer charge be ₹ b
a + 10b
20 + 10 × 10 = ₹ 120
OR
Total amount = x + 10y + x + 25y
= 2x + 35y
= 2 × 5 + 35 × 10
= 10 + 350
= ₹ 360
71. i. Represents the situation with a pair of equations; one showing total expenditure and another relation between expenditure on
food and ticket cost. For example:
x = 3y, x + y = 600
y = 13x, x + y = 600
a = 13b, a + b = 600
a = 3b, a + b = 600
x + 3x = 600
ii. ₹ 100
iii. Provides reasons which show that the cost difference of ₹ 100 depends on the cost of online versus offline tickets and not on
the number of friends. Two online and offline ticket difference is constant, i.e., ₹ 100 is independent of group size.
iv. (b) 120
72. i. Mentions that the y-axis represents distance with or without units (in 1,000 nm) and the x-axis represents the number of days
ii. Accept any number between 8000 and 9000 with or without units nm.
iii. No, a distance-time graph cannot be related to a route map.
iv. The relation between speed, time and distance

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 The cargo ships' speeds differ in the two routes.
The westbound cargo ships sail at greater speed.
The ocean current helps westbound ships to travel faster.
73. i. Given, prize amount for Hockey ₹ x and ₹ y for cricket per student
∴ Algebraic equations are

5x + 4y = 9500 ...(i)
and 4x + 3y = 7370 ...(ii)
ii. Given, prize amount for Hockey ₹ x and ₹ y for cricket per student
∴ Algebraic equations are

5x + 4y = 9500 ...(i)
and 4x + 3y = 7370 ...(ii)
Multiply by 3 in equation (i) and by 4 in equation (ii)
15x + 12y = 28,500 ...(iii)
16x + 12y = 29480 ...(iv)
On subtracting equation (iii) from equation (iv), we get
x = 980
∴ Prize amount for hockey = ₹ 980

iii. Given, prize amount for Hockey ₹ x and ₹ y for cricket per student
∴ Algebraic equations are

5x + 4y = 9500 ...(i)
and 4x + 3y = 7370 ...(ii)
Now, put this value in equation (i), we get
5 × 980 + 4y = 9500
⇒ 4y = 9500 - 4900 = 4600

⇒ y = 1150

∴ Prize amount for cricket = ₹ 1150

Difference = 1150 - 980 = 170

∴ Prize amount for cricket is ₹ 170 more than hockey.
OR
Total prize amount for 2 students each from two games
= 2x + 2y
= 2(x + y)
= 2(980 + 1150)
= 2 × 2130
= ₹ 4260
74. i. S = a + bt2
At t = 1 sec
180 = a + b ...(i)
At t = 2 sec
132 = a + 4b ...(ii)
from (i) and (ii)
180 - 132 = -3b
48 = -3b
b = -16
Put b = -16, in equation (i)
180 = a + (-16)
a = 196
ii. At t = 0
s = a + b(0)
s=a
s = 196
i.e., The height of Tower of Pisa = 196 feet

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION
 iii. s = a + bt2
0 = 196 - 16t2
-196 = -16t2
196 ÷ 16 = t
t= 14

t = 3.5 sec
OR
s = a + bt2
s = 196 + (-16) (2)2
s = 196 - 64
s = 132 feet
75. i. x + y = 300 ...(i)
150 x + 250 y = 55000 ...(ii)
ii. a. Solving equation (i) and (ii)
Number of children visited park (x) = 200
OR
b. Solving equation (i) and (ii)
Number of adults visited park (y) = 100
iii. Amount collected = 250 × 150 + 100 × 250 = ₹ 62500

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A COMPLETE MATHEMATICS SOLUTION