UNIT 5

THE MEDIA
5.
Tag questions
1Cách thành lập câu hỏi đuôi.
Công thức chung: S + V +……………………., trợ động từ + S (ĐẠI TỪ)?

Nếu câu nói trước dấu phẩy là khẳng định thì câu hỏi đuôi là phủ định và ngược lại.
+ Positive statement, - negative tag?
- Negative statement, + positive tag?
Example: She had some troubles, didn’t she?
He didn’t arrive, did he?
 Remember:
1. Tag subjects : I – you - he – she – it – we – they – there.
2. Question tags : chỉ có 2 từ - 2 âm
Bảng tóm tắt thành lập câu hỏi đuôi.
Statement Tag questions
I am_________, aren’t I ?
I am not_________, am I ?
 Động từ khiếm khuyết
can’t/couldn’t/shouldn’t/won’t____+ S ?
S + can/could/should/will_________,
 Sử dụng trợ động từ:
 Động từ thường
do/does/did
S + V1_________,
don’t + S?
S + Vs/es_________,
doesn’t + S?
S + V2/ed_________,
didn’t + S?
S + have/has/had + V3/ed_________, haven’t/hasn’t/hadn’t + S ?
S + is/are/was/were_________, isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t + S?
S + used to + V_________, didn’t + S ?
S +’d better/had better + V_________, hadn’t + S?
S +’d rather/would rather/would like +
would + S?
V_________,
There + is/are/was/were_________, isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t + S?
Let’s + V_________, shall we+?
Chủ từ là: No one/ Nobody/ Anyone/ Anybody/
____ + they ?
Everyone/ Everybody/ Someone/ Somebody…
Chủ từ là: Nothing/ Anything/ Something/
____ + It?
Everything…
Chủ từ là This/ That… ____ + It?
Chủ từ là These/ Those… ____ + they ?
Trong câu có các từ phủ định: no/none/without/
Câu hỏi đuôi khẳng định không có N’T
neither/hardly/seldom/rarely/little/never/few.
S + ought to_________, shouldn’t + S?
Câu mệnh lệnh_________, will you?
 Câu đầu có It seems that + mệnh đề thì ta lấy mệnh đề làm câu hỏi đuôi.
 Chủ từ là mệnh đề danh từ, dùng “it” trong câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: What she has just said is unreasonable, isn't it?
  Câu đầu là I wish, dùng “may” trong câu hỏi đuôi.
 Câu đầu có I + các động từ sau: think, believe, suppose, figure, assume, fancy,
imagine, reckon, expect, seem, feel that + mệnh đề phụ:
+ Lấy mệnh đề phụ làm câu hỏi đuôi. Nếu mệnh đề chính có “not” thì vẫn tính như ở mệnh
đề phụ.
Ex: I think she is a good teacher, isn’t she?
+ Cùng mẫu này nhưng nếu chủ từ không phải là “I” thì lại dùng mệnh đề chính đâu làm câu
hỏi đuôi.
Ex: She thinks he will come, doesn't she?
Answers to tag questions
Tag question Correct answer WHY?
Snow is white, isn't it? Yes. (It is). The answer is the same
in both cases, because
Snow isn't white, is it? Yes, it is!
snow IS WHITE!
Snow is black, isn't it? No, it isn't! The answer is the same
in both cases, because
Snow isn't black, is it? No. (It isn't).
snow IS NOT BLACK!

LET’S PRACTICE:
1. Let’s go dancing, shall we?
2. Take a seat, won’t you?
3. Do your homework now, will you?
4. Don’t forget, will you?
5. Everybody knows it, don’t they?
6. Everything is OK, isn’t it?
7. She said she wouldn’t come here, did she?
8. She and I must stop at once, needn’t we?
9. We have very little money, do we?
10. They rarely get good marks, do they?

 EXERCISE (BÀI TẬP)

Add suitable question tags to the following sentences
1. Your name is Thanh, ______?
2. Today is Sunday, ______?
3. John doesn’t agree with me about the plan, ______?
4. There’s a bus coming, ______?
5. Everybody was saying their prayers in the church when I came in, ______?
6. He makes a lot of mistakes in pronunciation, ______?
7. The traffic was heavy yesterday, ______?
8. Both men won’t surf the internet for a chat any more, ______?
9. A lot of students don’t think studying grammar is interesting, ______?
10. We haven’t done this homework yet, ______?
11. Jack’s enrolled on this course, ______?
12. Helen’s got fashionable clothes to wear on this important occasion, ______?
13. The Smiths have got a computer, a CD player and two motorbikes, _____?
14. The children have many computer games to play, _____?
15. Your brother has the chance to speak English outside the classroom, ______?
16. David and Kate aren’t going to pay their school fees tomorrow, ______?
17. There weren’t any well-qualified teachers at this school, ______?
18. This boy could use a computer at the age of 5, ______?
19. My father put an advertisement in the Times to sell his house, ______?
20. It is expensive for you to access the Internet, ______?
21. Jim really shouldn’t spend most of his time wandering on the internet, ______?
22. People don’t know which website is useful to them, ______?
23. Students have to wear uniform in Vietnam, ______?
24. Email is a good way for people to communicate, ______?
25. The garbage can be taken out every day, ______?
26. We must send this message by email, ______?
27. You wouldn’t like another drink, ______?
28. Vinh would rather listen to English programmes on the radio, ______?
29. You had better not go out in the cold weather, ______?
30. Ba ought to join her family on a daytrip to her hometown, ______?
31. My sister might like writing email, ______?
32. You should attend the opening ceremony, ______?
33. You wouldn’t mind helping me with this, ______?
34. I needn’t say anything to you about it, ______?
35. Your aunt needs to grow rice on his farm, ______?
36. This is Mr. Johnson, ______?
37. That was Ann on the phone, ______?
38. Those weren’t your parents over there, ______?
39. These are your cases here, ______?
40. The Chinese invented paper in A.D.105, ______?
41. The English don’t like tea, ______?
42. The rich usually live in big houses, ______?
43. There won’t be any good news for you, ______?
44. Joe used to be a lot fatter than he is now, ______?
45. There used to be too much noise in this neighborhood, ______?
46. He has no chance of finding a cheap flat in the city center, ______?
47. He’s never met you before, ______?
48. They rarely went swimming when they were your age, ______?
49. Helen seldom smiles at me whenever she passes me in the street, ______?
50. He hardly ever makes a mistake, ______?
51. There’s scarely enough time for our project, ______?
52. Cactuses need little water, ______?
53. Unfriendly people have few friends, ______?
54. It’s unpleasant to be alone in a strange country, ______?
55. It’s no good, ______?
56. No smoking is allowed in this compartment, ______?
57. We carried no cash with us, ______?
58. We have received no information yet, ______?
59. Not many people understand his ideas, ______?
60. Something is wrong with Jane today, ______?
61. Everything seems to be OK with you, Dad, ______?
62. Nothing matters, ______?
63. Nothing has been done about unemployment, ______?
64. Neither of them offered to help me, ______?
65. None of them wrote to him, ______?
66. Nobody is going to the mosque, ______?
67. Somebody has recognized you by funny hat, ______?
68. Everyone was impressed by her beauty, ______?
69. One should always try to be friendly to the environment, ______?
70. I’m not supposed to be here on time, ______?
71. I’m expected to do well in my schooling, ______?
72. Let’s go out for a meal together one day, ______?
73. Don’t be late, ______?
74. Help yourself to this soup, ______?
75. Pass me the salt, ______?
76. Don’t forget to keep in touch with us, ______?
77. Post this letter for me, ______?
78. Have some more coffee, ______?
79. Get out your books, ______?
80. Have a nice holiday, ______?
 5. FORMS OF THE VERB

2 (Dạng Của Động Từ)

GERUND [V-ING]

 Đứng sau nhóm động từ chỉ tình cảm

enjoy dislike love prefer fancy feel like
like hate detest resent dread tolerant
E.g. Lucy hates travelling by bus.
 Đứng sau nhóm động từ mang nghĩa bắt đầu, kết thúc, trì hoãn, tiếp tục
Start delay finish quit avoid
Begin postpone cease continue deny
E.g. Have you finished reading that book?
 Những động từ theo sau bởi “V -ing”
admit appreciate recall can’t help can’t stand consider
deny discuss recommend miss forgive understand
imagine involve keep (on) mention risk
practice recollect mind resist suggest
E.g. They suggested not buying that house.
 Sau các cụm từ kèm to
(be)/get used to In addition to object to
be accustomed to look forward to take to
E.g. We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.
 Sau một số cấu trúc nhất định
 sau phrasal V: keen on, give up (= stop), put off (=delay/postpone) , carry on,
dream of
 it’s no use/good, There’s no use (in), There’s no point (in) + V-ing: vô ích khi làm
gì
 (be) busy + V-ing : bận làm gì
 It’s (not) worth + V-ing: (không) đáng để làm gì
 have difficulty, problem, trouble (in) +V-ing: gặp khó khăn, rắc rối khi làm gì
 spend, waste + time, money + V-ing: dành, tốn tiền, thời gian làm gì
 can’t, couldn’t + help, bear, stand + V-ing: không chịu đựng được
 go + V-ing: đi đâu
 prefer V-ing to V-ing
 catch, see, watch, find + O + V-ing: bắt gặp...đang làm gì
BARE INFINITIVE [V]
 Đứng sau Modal Verb: can, will, may, must, could, should,…
E.g. You should wake up ealier in the morning.
 Let, make, help, have + O + V.
E.g. My father will let me go to the party tonight.
 Sau V chỉ giác quan: hear, watch, see, observe + O + V
chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động
E.g. He watched his father catch fish attentively.
 would rather, would sooner, had better, rather than + V
E.g. Jane would rather go to Paris by plane.
 suggest that + S + (should) + V
 E.g. He advised that I sent my grandma a letter.
 Why not + V
E.g Why not have another drink?
 do + anything / everything / nothing + but / except + V
E.g. My son does nothing all day but watch TV.

INFINITIVE [ TO V / NOT TO V ]
 Diễn đạt mục đích:
E.g. She went to the bakery to buy some bread.
 Những động từ theo sau bởi “to -V”
afford agree appear arrange ask attempt care
dare demand expect would like wish decide demand
happen hesitate hope manage learn neglect offer
pretend promise refuse seem swear tend threaten
choose expect plan wait claim fail prepare
intend want
E.g. They decided to start a business together.
They always pretend not to see her friends when she goes shopping.
 Động Từ Đi Với Object + To V
advise allow ask assist beg want command
dare employ enable encourage instruct invite lead
order persuade select send teach tell train
urge warn cause convince expect force forbid
get hire help permit remind require teach
E.g. I begged Helen to stay, but she wouldn’t listen.
John persuaded Linda not to give up her job.
 Sau các cụm từ
 Would like, would love, would prefer
E.g. I would like to drink a cup of coffee.
 There’s no need + to V
E.g. There’s no need to hurry because we still have a lot of time.
 S + find it + adj + to V
E.g. I found it difficult to learn Japanese.
 It + (be) + adj + ......+ to V
 adj cảm xúc: ready, amazed, disappointed, glad, (un)willing, anxious...
E.g. I'm willing to bet that she knows where he is.
 adj đánh giá việc gì: difficult, important, im(possible),...
E.g. It’s important for us to check all the reports now.
 adj đánh giá tính cách ai đó: clever, gentle, nice, silly,...
E.g. It was very kind of him to help me.
 Dùng trong cấu trúc TOO: S + V + too adj/adv (for sb) + to V
E.g. This shirt is too large for me to wear.
The teacher speaks too fast for me to understand.
 Dùng trong cấu trúc ENOUGH:
S + V + adj/adv enough (for sb) + to V
E.g. This room is large enough for us to stay in.
They ran fast enough to catch the bus.
There are enough chairs for everyone to sit on.
S + V/be + enough + N + (for sb) + to V
 Sau từ để hỏi :who, what, how,...
E.g. Jack doens’t know how to run this machine.
 Sau một số danh từ: attempt, ability, chance, freedom, pleasure,...
E.g. It was a great pleasure to meet you.
 Sau some..., any..., no...
 E.g. I’ll make something to eat tonight.
 Sau từ chỉ số thứ tự và so sánh nhất
E.g. She was the last one to hand in the assignment
Joan is the best student to win the prize
 Sau cấu trúc bị động (be) made / let + to V
E.g. We were made to learn fifty words a day.

LƯU Ý: MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ ĐI VỚI V - TO V - V-ING

1. Không thay đổi nghĩa khi đi với TO V HAY V-ING:
begin, start, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer
____________________ prefer V-ing to V-ing
would prefer to V rather than V
2. Thay đổi nghĩa:
 V-ING – TO V
stop + V-ing Dừng hẳn stop + to-V Dừng làm việc khác
He stopped smoking three years ago. He stopped to smoke a cigarette.
go on : tiếp tục
He said nothing but just went on After her early teaching carrer she went
working on to become an artist
mean
If we catch the early train, it will mean I didn’t mean to hurt you.
getting up at 6 a.m.
need + Ving  passive need + to V= have to (Cần làm gì)
The room needs painting He needs to pain the room.
try + V-ing: Thử try + to-V : Cố gắng
You should try taking these tablets. You should try to study harder.
forget forget
remember + V-ing Đã xảy ra remember + to -V tương lai
regret regret
I remember sending a postcard to my Don't forget to wash the dishes.
parents yesterday. Remember to send me a letter when
you arrive in Ho Chi Minh city.
 V-ING – V:
See, hear, V + O + V-ing: V + O + V:
feel,  cảm nhận đang xảy ra  cảm nhận toàn bộ hành động
notice, E.g. I heard someone coming up E.g We watched all the cars cross
observe, the stairs. the finishing line.
watch
suggest suggest + V-ing: đề xuất chung Suggest (that) sb (should) V:
đề nghị ai nên làm gì
E.g. Sophie suggested meeting for E.g. Her mother suggested (that)
a drink after work. she (should) go and see the
doctor.

ĐỘNG TỪ ĐI VỚI Object + TO V – Object + V-ING

o Động Từ Đi Với Object + V-ing
appreciate dislike hate imagine involve keep mind
prevent remember resent risk stop
E.g The show involved him doing lots of boring stuff.
SPEND / IT TAKES
S + spend(s)/spent + time + V-ing ……..……….
It + takes / took + Pro(noun ) + time + to- V………

 LET’S PRACTICE:
Supply the correct form of the verb in brackets
1. I let my friend (borrow) borrow my bicycle yesterday.
2. When I was walking past the park, I saw some children (play) playing badminton.
3. It was very kind of my friend to help me (wash) wash/ to wash my car.
4. The doctor made the patient (stay) stay in bed.
5. I hate (be) being (keep) kept (wait) waiting .
6. We had a professional photographer from that photoshop (take) take pictures of everyone who
participated in our wedding.
7. Why don’t you let him (make up) make up his own mind?
8. I would rather (go) go to a movie tonight than study grammar.
9. Judy always remembers (lock) to lock the door before leaving.
10. Don’t forget (do) to do your homework tonight!
11. Many young people are interested in (protect) protecting the environment.
12. He enjoys (sit) sitting and (do) doing nothing.
13. I am used to (drive) driving on the left now.
14. That little boy spends most of his time (chat) chatting on the Internet.
15. I couldn’t help (feel) feeling sorry for those homeless children.
16. Practice (speak) speaking English as much as you can.
17. He promised (buy) to buy her a present on her birthday, but he forgot (do) to do so.
18. Many students have difficulty (deal) dealing with phrasal verbs.
19. It is helpful that Mr Bean study Vietnamese. (study)
20. Can you manage (finish) to finish (write) writing the reports by yourself?

 SPEND OR TAKE
1. The children did their exercises in an hour.
It took .....................................................................................................................................
2. The old lady spends two hours watering the garden everyday.
It takes ....................................................................................................................................
3. My father takes about one hour to drive to his office everyday.
My father spends ...................................................................................................................
4. We spent 30minutes getting there by car yesterday.
It took ....................................................................................................................................
5. It took me twenty minutes to go to school this morning.
I spent ....................................................................................................................................

 EXERCISE (BÀI TẬP)

1. I enjoy (watch) both tennis and badminton.
2. I am keen on (fish).
3. I love (learn ) English.
4. I’m very glad (meet) you.
5. We stopped (say) goodbye
6. I’ll invite her (teach) my children.
7. Let me (hear) from you soon.
8. I look forward (hear) from you.
9. Would you like (come) to the party?
10. The director agreed (sign) the agreement.
11. I promised (obey) my parents.
12. Ralph tried to avoid (answer) my question about his test.
13. We have heard him (play) the guitar many times.
14. You had better (take) an umbrella. It’s going to rain heavily.
15. We decided to stay at home instead of (go) to the cinema.
16. It’s no use (tell) him the truth because he’s too neglectful.
17. You might (want) to find out the solutions for this issue.
18. Mike is interested in (collect) stamps.
19. Do you consider (invite) our friends on Sunday?
20. I can’t stand (see) her cry every night.
21. It was very dangerous. We couldn’t risk (leave) her alone.
22. They stopped (talk) when the teacher came in.
23. We let our son (stay) up late at weekends.
24. The children were happy (see) their parents.
25. He’d rather (stay) at home.
26. Nam is very humorous. His joke makes me (laugh) a lot.
27. They saw him (see) the agreement.
28. It’s necessary for her (come) back home before 10 p.m
29. I hate (see) a child (cry).
30. The boss allows (us stay) go home early.
31. I remember (meet) him in Ho Chi Minh City.
32. He avoids (buy) clothes at that shop.
33. The girls agreed (devide) the cake equally.
34. I didn’t regret (spend) a year travelling around the world.
35. David finished (do) his homework and then he went to the party with George and
Bill.
36. Please don’t forget (feed) the baby. She needs to eat every two hours.
37. Mr. Tim wants (you come) to his office.
38. What about (go) for a walk?
39. He had better (read) this book again.
40. She decided (move) to Ho Chi Minh City.
41. He is thinking of (leave) his job.
42. Gravity keeps the Moon (travel) around the Earth instead of (shoot) off into the
space.
43. It’s difficult (get) used to getting up early.
44. Would you mind (not touch) the wire.
45. I’m sorry (disappoint) you.
Rewrite
1. I am very pleased that we shall meet again soon.
 I’m looking
2. I don’t want to go to the movie tonight.
 I don’t feel like
3. It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour.
 It’s better to avoid
4. Why don’t we visit our teacher?
 I suggest
5. I expect that he will get there by lunchtime.
 I expect him
6. I remember someone telling me the news.
 I remember being
7. Could you turn the radio down, please?
 Would you mind
8. Are you going to the seaside this summer?
 Have you planned on
9. Would you please give me a hand?
 Would you mind
10. Don’t you remember you meet her last week?
 I’m sorry I cannot remember
11. He didn’t say goodbye to anyone when he left the room.
He left the room without
12. He likes to read books than to watch television.
He prefers
13. Asking him for help is useless.
 It’s no
14. We expect to meet them again.
 We look
______________________________ NÂNG CAO
44. It’s very kind of you to give me a lift.
 I appreciate you /your giving me a lift.
45. If I take the job I’ll have to move to Paris.
 Taking the job will mean moving to Paris.
46. Parking is not permitted here.
You are not permitted/not allowed to park here.
47. Frank doesn’t like it when people treat him like a child.
 Frank resents being treated like a child.
48. It’s pointless to worry about someone else’s problem.
There is no point (in) worrying about someone else’s problem.
49. I believed you were the murderer because of this clue.
 This clue led me to believe that you were the murderer.
50. According to Valerie, she is a relation of mine.
 Valerie claims to be related to me.
51. You could easily become ill unless you give up smoking.
If you don’t stop smoking, you (will) risk becoming/getting ill.
52. We received a warning to stay at home during the lockdown.
 We were warned about/ against staying at home during the lockdown.
53. I bet you wouldn’t ask David to come with you to the party!
 I dare you to ask David if he’ll/to come to the party with you!