LESSON 3: IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ACROSS VARIOUS

FIELDS

Answer the questions below. Follow instructions properly.

I. MATCHING TYPE. Match item in COLUMN A with those of COLUMN B by

placing the letter of the correct answers in the space provided in column A from
among the choices I column B. Identify what discipline the given research title is
related.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. What Effect do Punitive Behavioral

Control Statements have on
Classroom? A. QUANTI & ANTHROPOLOGY
2. The Relationship between the
Mushrooming of Fast Food Chains B. QUANTI & COMMUNICATION
and Obesity of Children in Kuopo,
Eastern England. C. QUANTI & SPORTS MED.
3. Effect of Tourism to the Cultural
System of Villagers in Southern D. QUANTI & MEDICAL ED.
Cordillera.
4. Factors Affecting Quality of Medical E. QUANTI & BEHAVIORAL SCI.
Education in Saint Louis University.
5. Relationship of Verbally Aggressive F. QUANTI & EDUCATION
Behavior to the Physical Aggression
of a Person. G. QUANTI & PSYCHOLOGY
6. Factors Affecting Crime Rates in
Burgos, La Union. H. QUANTI & ABM
7. Video Integration in Teaching
Science in Grade 12 of Upper I. QUANTI & STEM
Tumapoc National High School.
8. Communicative Behaviors
Associated in Different Stages of a
Romantic Relationship.
9. Ethnographic Study: Changes of
Aeta Behaviors in past 5 years.
10.Relationship of Physical Activity to
the Amount of Adipose Tissue and
Endurance Fitness of Children Aged
15 – 22 in Burgos, La Union.

II. ESSAY.Discuss briefly, what is ask below.

1. How quantitative research related or important to different field of

discipline?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________.

2. Choose two disciplines enumerated above (column B) and explain how

quantitative research was used on it.
 ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

People do research to find solutions, even tentative ones, to problems, in order to

improve or enhance ways of doing things, to disprove or provide a new hypothesis, or
simply to find answers to questions or solutions to problems in daily life. Research
findings can affect people’s lives, ways of doing things, laws, rules and regulations, as
well as policies, among others. Widely, quantitative research is often used because of its
emphasis on proof rather than discovery.
In recent times, research studies are gaining an unprecedented focus and
attention. Then, only the faculty in higher education has so much interest and conduct
researchers, but now even the teachers in the basic education are engrossed in
researches and devote time and effort in conducting researches to improve educational
practices that may lead to more quality learning of the students. Many teachers do
action researches because there is a serious need to identify the problems of the
deteriorating quality of education. By doing so, they can address systematically and
make educational decisions regarding the problems met. Innovative teaching strategies
are product of research.
In the natural and social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic,
empirical investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or
computational techniques. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and
employ mathematical models, theories and/or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena.
The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the
fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of
quantitative relationships.
Health Sciences (Medical Technology, Dentistry, Nursing, Medicine, etc.) use
quantitative research designs like descriptive, pre-experimental, quasi-experimental,
true-experiment, case study, among others.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH & ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS and MANAGEMENT (ABM)

Researches can help design a new product or service, figuring out what is needed
and ensure the development of product is highly targeted towards demand.
Businessmen can also utilize research results to guarantee sufficient distribution of their
products and decide where they need to increase their product distribution. Conducting
researches can also help a business determine whether now is the proper time to open
another branch or whether it needs to apply for a new loan. It may also help a small
business decide if a procedure or strategy should be change to meet the requirements
of the customer base. Research is important for any organization to remain in the
market. The primary function of research in ABM is to correctly determine its customers
and their preferences, establish the enterprise in the most feasible location, deliver
quality goods and services, analyze what the competitors are doing and find ways on
how to continuously satisfy the growing and varied needs of the clients.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and ANTHROPOLOGY

 Anthropology is a research method of combining qualitative and quantitative
research data. It is concerned with exploring connections simultaneously, amidst
cultural differences, alternatives and identity. In the contemporary academic, socio-
cultural and political climate these concepts have immense symbolic overtones.
Quantitative research is use in Anthropology in many aspects. Like, true
experiments may use in studying people provided that you follow certain steps
(Bernard, 2004). This is to look into the Effects of an intervention in ethnic behavior of a
group. In here, you need at least two groups, called the treatment group and the control
group. On group gets the intervention and the other group don’t. Next, individuals may
be randomly assigned, either to the intervention group or to the control group to ensure
that the groups are equivalent. Then, the groups are measured on one or more
dependent variables; this is called the pre-test. After which, the intervention is
introduced. Lastly, the dependent variables are measured again. This is the post test.
True in experiments with people in laboratory are also common. Laboratory
experiments often produce results that beg to be tested in the natural world by
Anthropologists. Aaron and Mills (1959, as cited by Bernard, 2004) demonstrated in a
lab experiment that people who go through severe initiation to a group tend to be more
positive toward the group than are people who go through a mild initiation. They
reasoned that people who go through tough initiation rites put a lot of personal
investments into getting into the group. Later, if people see evidence that the group is
not what they thought it would be, they are reluctant to admit the fact because of the
investments.
In Field, Janet Schofield and her colleagues did a 3 year ethnographic study in
middle school. During the first year, they noticed that African-American and while
children seemed to react differently to “mildly aggressive acts’ – things like bumping in
the hallway, poking one another in the classroom, asking for food, or using another
student’s pencil without permission. There appeared to be no event of racial conflict in
the school, but during interviews while students were more likely to report being
intimidated by their African-American peers than vice versa (Sagar& Schofield, 1980, as
cited by Bernard, 2004)

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and COMMUNICATION

Researchers are often interested in how an understanding of a particular

communication phenomenon might generalize to a larger population. For example,
researchers can advance questions like “What Effect do punitive behavioral control
statements have on a classroom? What communicative behaviors are associated with
different stages in romantic relationships? What communicative behaviors are used to
respond to co-workers displaying emotional stress? (Allen, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009)

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and SPORTS MEDICINE

Quantitative research is used to analyze how sports may be used as an
alternative way of medicating an illness. An example is the research done by University
of Eastern Finland which investigated the relationship between mushrooming of fast
food chains and obesity, as well as the intervention needed to prevent children’s obesity
from reaching serious proportions. The research focused on the children’s physical
activity and physical inactivity and the concomitant impact on the children’s amount of
adipose tissue (fat mass) and the endurance fitness. The study is used to analyze
certain the effect of physical activity in weight control.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and MEDICAL EDUCATION

Quantitative research in medical education tends to be predominantly

observational research based on surveys or correlational studies. The designs test
interventions like curriculum, teaching-learning process, or assessment with an
experimental group. Either a comparison or controlled group learners may allow
researchers to overcome validity concerns and infer potential cause-effect
generalizations. Researchers are using to cope with the emerging trends in recent
times.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Relationship Questions in today’s quantitative trend tend to explore how one
behavior exhibited by people is related to other types of behavior. Examples are
verbally aggressive behaviors related to physical aggression – that is, when a person
has a level of verbally aggressive behavior, does he or she tend to be physically
aggressive? Are certain supervisor communication skills related to the emotional
experiences of employees?
Questions of difference explore how patterns of behavior or perceptions might
differ from one group or type of a person to another: Do people with disabilities
experience emotional labor differently from those without disabilities? Do women
perceive talkativeness (or lack of it) differently form men? Do communication styles
differ from one culture to the next? (Alle, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009).
When quantitative researchers explore questions of differences or questions of
relationships, they do so in an attempt to uncover certain patterns of behavior. If the
researcher discovers that a certain relationship exists in sample that she or he has
drawn form the population, she/he is then in a position to draw generalizations about
patterns expected of human behavior.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

Quasi Experiments are most often used in evaluating social problems. Suppose a
researcher has invented a technique for improving reading comprehension among third
graders. She/he selects two third grade classes in a school district. One of them gets the
intervention and the other doesn’t. Students are measured before and after the
intervention to see whether their reading scores improve. This design contains many of
the elements of true experiment, but the participants are not assigned randomly to the
treatment and control groups.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and PSYCHOLOGY

Mertens (2005) says that the dominant paradigms that guided early psychological
research were positivism and its successor, post positivism. Positivism is based on
rationalistic, empiricist philosophy that originated with Aristotle, Francis Bacon, John
Locke, August Comte, and Immanuel Kant. the underlying assumptions of positivism
include the belief that the social world can be studied in the same way as the natural
world, that there is a method for studying the social world that is value-free, and that
explanations of a causal nature can be provided.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH & SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, and

MATHEMATICS
Medical practitioners, for example, conduct researches to obtain significant
information about diseases trends and risk factors, results of various health
interventions, patterns of care and health care cost and use. The different approaches to
research provide complementary insights. Researchers help in determining the
effectiveness and even side effect of drugs and therapies in different populations and
various institutions. It is also necessary in evaluating experiences in clinical practice in
order to develop mechanisms for best practices and to ensure high quality patient care.
Researchers in these fields ultimately aim for man’s longevity.
 As for engineers, architects, and other builders, research helps in providing
designs which are creatively beautiful and at the same time give more convenience and
efficiency as they utilize modern technology to adapt to the ever changing society. New
materials and procedures may be developed so as to further strengthen the structural
materials than can withstand various calamities and disasters.