The Rudiments of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Chat GPT, Deepseek and Metaverse

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Section A1

Q. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) and who developed it?

Ans: Artificial Intelligence was developed by John McCarthy & Alan

Turing in 1956

Artificial Intelligence is the science & engineering of making

intelligent machines.

In simple words Artificial Intelligence means…

बनावटी तरीके से ववक्सित की गयी बौक्सिक क्षमता

Artificial Intelligence is a set of technologies that enables
computers to perform a variety of advanced functions like…

• Ability to see
• Ability to understand
• Ability to translate spoken and written language
• Ability to analyze
• Ability to make recommendations and more

Section A2

Q. How does AI work?

Ans: AI programming focuses on three cognitive skills

• Learning
• Reasoning
• Self-Correction
Learning: This aspect of AI programming focuses on acquiring
data and creating rules for how to turn the data into an
actionable information.

Reasoning: This aspect of AI programming focuses on choosing the

right algorithm to reach a desired outcome.

Self-Correction: This aspect of AI programming is designed to

continuously fine tune algorithms and ensure they
provide most accurate results.

So, in simple terms, AI works by …

• Learning from examples

• Identifying patterns
• Then using those patterns to make predictions on new things

Section A3

Q. What are the type of Artificial Intelligence?

Ans: Artificial Intelligence can be organized in several ways depending on

stages of development or action being performed

There are four types of AI

Type1: Reactive Machine AI

• It is the limited AI that only reacts to different kinds

of pre-programmed rules.

Type 2: Limited Memory AI

• Like the name suggests Limited Memory AI can make

informed and improved decisions by studying the past
data from its memory

Type 3: Theory of Mind AI

• AI system with theory of mind would understand that

humans have thoughts, feelings and expectations for
how to be treated.
• That way it can adjust its response accordingly.
 • Unfortunately, we are yet to reach the Theory of Mind
AI.

Type4: Self-Aware AI

• Self-Aware AI describes a mythical machine that is

aware of its own existence and has the intellectual
and emotional capability of a human.
• Like Theory of Mind AI, Self-Aware AI does not
currently exist.

Section A4

Q. How many stages of AI are there?

Ans: Stage 1: Rule or Knowledge based system

Stage 2: Context Based and Retention system

Stage 3: Narrow Domain or Expert AI system

Stage 4: Reasoning AI system

Stage 5: Artificial General Intelligence

Stage 6: Super Intelligent AI

Stage 7: Self Aware AI

Stage 8: Transcendent AI

Stage 9: Cosmic AI

Stage 10: God Like AI

 Section A5

Q. What are the advantages of AI?

Ans:

Advantage 1: Automation

Examples:

• Smart home devices

• Smart vacuum cleaners
• Automatic transcription service
• Autonomous vehicles
• Chatbots
• Industrial robots
• Agriculture drones
• Language translation apps
• Content moderation
• Healthcare robotics
• AI powered flying taxi
• AI powered traffic lights
• AI powered trains
• AI powered lost and found systems
• AI powered systems in ophthalmology
• AI powered vocals
• AI powered restaurants
• AI powered retail stores

Advantage 2: Personalization

Examples:

• Recommendation system
• Virtual assistants
• Health and fitness apps
• Music streaming services
• Personal finance apps
• News apps
• E-learning platforms
• Social media feed
• Fashion recommendations
 • Personalized marketing

Advantage 3: Efficiency and productivity

Examples:

• Predictive text and auto correct

• Supply chain management
• Email filtering and prioritization
• Document summarization
• Virtual project manager
• Automatic data entry
• Virtual collaboration tools
• Employee productivity

Advantage 4: Improved decision making

Examples:

• Financial trading algorithms

• Traffic management
• Medical diagnosis
• Fraud detection
• Weather forecasting
• Talent acquisition
• Disaster response planning
• Educational chatbots
• Customer relationship management
• Energy management
• Predictive maintenance
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Section A6

Q. What are the disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence?

Ans:

Disadvantage no 1. Dependency on technology

Disadvantage no 2. Job Displacement

Disadvantage no 3. Privacy concerns

Disadvantage no 4. Lack of creativity

Disadvantage no 5. High costs of implementation

Disadvantage no 6. Security risks

Disadvantage no 7. Errors and bias

Disadvantage no 8. Ethical concerns

Disadvantage no 9. Lack of emotional intelligence

Disadvantage no 10. AI in warfare

Disadvantage no 11. Energy consumption

Disadvantage no 12. Deepfake technology

Disadvantage no 13. Manipulation of political systems

Disadvantage no 14. Autonomous weapons

Disadvantage no 15. Lack of control

Disadvantage no 16. Bio warfare

Q. Will AI kill human jobs in future?

Ans: History is witness to the fact that whenever a new technology

comes into market it has an impact on the job market

For ex.

1. The advent of smartphones had an impact on the

landline operators
 2. When cars came, people who drove horse carriages lost
their jobs
3. When atm machines were introduced, bank tellers lost
their jobs
4. Due to the advent of online website, booking clerks lost
their jobs
5. Customer service representator

It is also true that many jobs will be lost due to Artificial

Intelligence

Examples are:

• Telemarketers
• Cashiers
• Delivery driver
• Some accounting and bookkeeping
tasks
• Routine manual jobs
• Routine healthcare tasks
• Building caretakers, cleaners, and
housekeepers

Section A7

Q. What is the meaning behind the logo of Open AI?

Ans: The Open AI is a stylized representation of the letter “O”

The logo is composed of two circles that overlap, symbolizing the

union of Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence.

Hence, this represents Open AI’s mission to develop and promote

friendly Ai that benefits the humanity.
Q. What is Chat GPT?

Ans: Chat GPT

• Generative
• Pre-trained
बात करना
• Transformer

Generative: कुछ जेनेरेट करने वाला

Pre-trained: जो पहले से टर े न वकया गया हो

Transformer: ऐसी मशीन जो विए गए टे क्स्ट को आसानी से समझ ले

Definition: Chat GPT is a generative AI chat bot that uses natural

language processing to create humanlike conversational
dialogues.

• Chat GPT is a tool that lets users enter prompt to

receive humanlike…
• Images or
• Texts that are created by AI.
• Chat GPT was launched on 30th November 2022, it has
been garnering attention since then.

Section A8

Q. What can Chat GPT do?

Ans: Chat GPT can…

1. Write a code
2. Debug a code
3. Can do your homework
4. Help you get ideas for a party or decoration
5. Help complete assignment questions
6. Extract data from text
7. Solve math questions
 8. Write an article
9. Translate into different language
10. Write a story or poem

Q. What is Prompt Engineering?

Ans: Prompt engineering is essentially the art of giving instructions to a

large language model in a way that gets you the desired response.

• Here’s why it is important

• Prompt engineering helps you to get things done the first time
around. You won’t have to ask the same questions 10 times
hoping for the answer you want.

• Prompt engineering can sharpen you questioning skills,

Helping you get the most out of any interaction be it with AI or

any other person.

Section A9

Q. What Chat GPT cannot do?

Ans:

1. Chat GPT can’t have emotions

2. Chat GPT can’t predict future
3. Chat GPT can’t handle multiple tasks at the same time
4. Chat GPT can’t replace human interactions
5. Chat GPT can’t provide personal advice
6. Chat GPT can’t create original ideas or concept as it has limited
and timely information
7. Chat GPT can’t answer partisan political questions
8. Chat GPT can’t make ethical judgements
9. Chat GPT can’t physically interact with the world
 Section A10

Q. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Chat GPT?

Advantages Disadvantages
1. Helps with ideas: Helps 1. Can be wrong:
you think, write and Sometimes gives
getting unstuck. incorrect or misleading
information
2. Saves time: Can 2. Can be robotic: Writing
quickly generate can lack natural and
summaries and human touch
translations
3. Versatile: Can be used 3. Can be repetitive: May
for many tasks… poem, give similar answer to
letter, codes etc. the same question

4. Easy to use: Simple to 4. Needs internet:

interact with even non Requires an internet
techy people connection to work

5. Learns and improves: 5. Can be biased: May

Gets better overtime as reflect biases in the
used more and more data it was trained on

6. Available 24/7: Always 6. Can be misused: Could

there to help day or be used to cheat on
night assignment

7. Good for learning: Can 7. Privacy concerns: Data

explain complex topics may be collected and
in a simple way used by open AI
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Section A11

Q. What is a Turing test and how does it work?

Ans: Turing test was initiated by British mathematician and computer

scientist Alan Turing around 7 decades ago around 1950.

A Turing test has 3 participants…

• A machine (Generative AI)

• A human (Competitor)
• A human judge (Interrogator)

• A human judge: It asks a question for a machine and human to

answer.
• A machine: It answers the judge’s questions in a natural language
that stimulates human conversation and behavior
• A human (Competitor): He/ She answers the judge’s questions
alongside the machine and provides a baseline for comparison
against the machine.

• If the interrogator cannot reliably distinguish the computer form the

human then the computer is said to have passed the Turing test.

• This suggests that computer has demonstrated a level of

intelligence that is comparable to humans.
 Section A12

Q. What are the differences between Chat GPT and Google Gemini?

Point of Chat GPT Google Gemini

difference
Open AI Google’s AI research labs
Deepmind
Developer

November 30, 2022 December 06, 2023

Launched

Free version with limited Free and paid versions

features, paid plans for (different access levels
Availability advanced access and features)

GPT-3 family Gemini family

Language models
used

Creative text generation, More emphasis on

translation, writing reasoning, factual
Focus different types of content accuracy and multimodal
capabilities

October 2023 More recent (access and

utilizes internet
Knowledge Cut- information)
Off
Voice capabilities Yes, through integrations Limited, currently
(with the help of underdeveloped
integration with other
sites)

Multilingual Over 50 languages Over 100 languages

support

Third party Hundreds through paid Currently limited

plugins/ subscriptions
integrations

Idle users Writers, Content Creators, Researchers, Data

Marketers analysts, Developers

Strengths Excellent at creative More factual, reason

writing, generating based and can access and
different writing styles, process information from
humor and poetry real world

Weakness May contain factual errors Still under development,

and biases, limited limited voice capabilities,
knowledge of current fewer third-party
events integrations (addition to
other websites)
Q. Key difference between Chat GPT and Meta (Llama model)

Point of difference Chat GPT Meta AI

Open AI Meta AI

Developer

Specific chatbot product Family of language

models
What it is

Chatting, Text generation, Research, building

Code generation chatbots, other language
Main use based apps

Primarily text focused Some models can work

with images
Multimodal

Available through a website Available for research

and commercial use
How to use it (license required)
 Section A13

Q. What is Deepseek R1? What are the differences between Open AI and

Deepseek?

Ans: Deepseek was launched on January 20th 2025, when they launched
Deepseek R1, it caused a stir in the market.

Deepseek R1 is an AI powered conversational tool developed by the

Chinese AI company Deepseek

It is designed to interact with the users in a…

• Natural
• Humanlike way
• Answering questions
• Providing information
• Generating creative content

Differences

Point of difference Open AI Deepseek

Billions of dollars 6 million

Budget

4000 200
Employees

Almost 1 decade Almost 2 years

Time taken
 Section A15

Q. What is Metaverse?

Ans: Metaverse is a combination of 2 words, Meta +Verse

Where…

Meta means Beyond

Verse means Universe

Metaverse is a futuristic digital world where …

People get a chance to immerse in virtual (made to exist by

computer) and augmented version of reality through digital avatar

Example:

• Surgeons can practice complex procedures in a virtual

environment
• Land and walk on the moon in a virtual environment
• Learn to play Guitar with a virtual music teacher
• Building a virtual house and decorating it with furniture
from different stores
• Playing a game with your friend, in a shared virtual
world
• Going on a virtual safari and seeing animals in their
natural habitats
• Work meeting in virtual reality
• Virtual mall
• Metaverse in education
• Bangalore airport