See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/389107586

Insect pests of seed spices and their sustainable management

Chapter · February 2025

CITATIONS READS

0 79

4 authors, including:

Naziya P. Pathan Dodiya Ravikumar D.

Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
46 PUBLICATIONS 112 CITATIONS 38 PUBLICATIONS 59 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Dodiya Ravikumar D. on 19 February 2025.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 ISBN No : 978-81-969701-7-8

COMPENDIUM

Winter School
on
Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future
of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

January 27 - February 16, 2025

Organised by
Department of Entomology
C. P. College of Agriculture
Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India - 385 506

Sponsored by
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

Editors
Dr. P. S. Patel, Dr. C. S. Barad,
Dr. Sushma Deb, Dr. P. H. Rabari,
Dr. S. D. Solanki
 Winter School
on
Biobased Agricultural Revolution:
Exploring the Future of Bioagents,
Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

Editors : Dr. P. S. Patel, Dr. C. S. Barad, Dr. Sushma Deb,

Dr. P. H. Rabari and Dr. S. D. Solanki

ISBN No : 978-81-969701-7-8

Publish Year : 2025

Number of copies : 100

Organised by : Department of Entomology,

C. P. College of Agriculture,
Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural
University, Sardarkrushinagar,
Gujarat, India - 385 506

© Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar

 COMPENDIUM

Winter School
on
Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future
of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

ISBN No : 978-81-969701-7-8

January 27 - February 16, 2025

Organised by
Department of Entomology
C. P. College of Agriculture
Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India - 385 506

Sponsored by
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

Editors
Dr. P. S. Patel, Dr. C. S. Barad, Dr. Sushma Deb, Dr. P. H. Rabari, Dr. S. D. Solanki
 Index
Sr. Page
Topic
No. No.
1. Plant growth Promoting bacteria in plant disease management 1
Hands on practice on media preparation, sterilization and slants
2. 11
preparation
3. Introduction to biological control of insect pests: Principles and concept 17
4. Entomopathogenic viruses: An effective tool in pest management 25
5. Production techniques of Corcyra cephalonica 30
6. Studies on natural enemies of different insect pests on field 34
7. Role of botanicals in IPM 39
Pseudomonas fluorescens: Biological control aid for managing various
8. 53
plant diseases
9. Trichoderma: a multipurpose microorganism for sustainable agriculture 56
10. Practical on isolation and purification of Trichoderma 60
Leveraging native natural enemies for sustainable management of
11. 64
invasive fall armyworm in India
12. Plant viral disease management: Current and future perspective 81
13. Production of NPV isolated from field infected insects 87
14. Phytophagous mites and their bio-management 91
Weed management in sustainable agriculture: current scenario and way
15. 110
forward
16. Production techniques of Trichogramma sp. 122
17. Metarhizium anisopliae: Green muscardine fungus 125
18. Role of natural inputs in organic/ natural farming 129
19. Role of biotechnology in insect pest management 141
20. Lecanicillium lecanii: An effective entomopathogenic fungi 149
Taxonomic characterization of insect pests with special reference to
21. 157
Hemiptera
22. Semiochemicals in Integrated Pest Management 171
23. VAM fungi- an efficient bio-fertilizer and its cultivation 191
Entomopathogenic bacteria: Current scenario and future perspective in
24. 196
pest management
25. Recent advances in fruit flies and their management 203
26. Status of biopesticides in global market 211
27. Production and formulation techniques of entomopathogenic nematodes 218
28. Abiotic stress management under natural farming 225
Guideline for registration, manufacturing and selling of insecticides with
29. 240
special reference to biocontrol agents
30. Biodiversity of macromycetes and their role in biodegradation 255
Preparation and practical utility of different Astras (plant based products)
31. 261
in natural farming
Species diversity of white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and their bio-
32. 265
intensive management
33. Biological control of diseases in fruit crops 270
34. Biological suppression of insect pests of pulse crops 274
35. Status of trans-boundary pests and their bio-management 278
36. Nomuraea rileyi in pest management 285
37. Biocontrol agents: A prospective entrepreneurship arena 295
Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobium: mechanisms and biotechnological
38. 299
prospective
39. Pesticide residue management: current scenario and innovations for 304
 ecological sustainability
40. Importance of patents in agriculture 315
41. Water productivity in crop production and protection 319
42. Nutritional and anti-nutritional parameters of millets 324
43. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of plant diseases 331
44. Bio-NPK: Effective bio-fertilizer in plant and soil health management 338
45. Insect pests of seed spices and their sustainable management 342
46. Diseases of seed spices and their sustainable management 351
47. Role of insect pollinators in cucurbit vegetables 355
48. Role of omics approaches in vegetable breeding for insect pest resistance 364
49. Biodiversity of predaceous coccinellids in relation to biocontrol 369
50. Chrysoperla, a generalist predator: Production to field application 377
51. Green nanotechnology for plant productivity and protection 381
52. Recent advances in Host Plant Resistance to insect pests 389
53. Conventional breeding: Still the best way to feed world population 402
54. Soil fertility and nutrient management in organic farming 412
Impact of Integrated Farming System in sustainable agriculture in
55. 416
relation to pest management
56. DNA Barcoding: Status and future perspective in insect taxonomy 420
57. Statistical techniques in plant protection 423
58. Agricultural extension services in integrated pest management 427
Mass Multiplication of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and Spodoptera
59. 431
litura on Artificial Diet
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

Insect pests of seed spices and their sustainable

management
N. P. Pathan1*, R. D. Dodiya2, U. R. Karnavat3 and S. M. Goswami3
1
Assistnat Professor, Department of Plant Protection
College of Horticulture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar
2
Ph. D. Scholar, 3M. Sc. Scholar, Department of Agril. Entomology
C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar

Introduction: Seed spices are annual herbs, whose dried fruits or seeds are mostly used as
spices. The seed spices are used for culinary, confectionary, perfumery, cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals industry (Malhotra and Vashishtha, 2007). There are about 20 seed spices
grown in India and nine out of them are prominent (Jankiram and Lal, 2018). The most
important among them belong to family Apiaceae. Seed spices are extensively cultivated in
the arid to semi-arid regions of India during rabi season, covering an area of about 8.5 lakh/ha
with production of 5.6 lakh tonnes annually. In India, Rajasthan and Gujarat have emerged as

in the country (Kant et al., 2010). India

invaded India for spices in ancient times. The major seed spices of India are cumin, coriander,
fenugreek and fennel as they are cultivated in sizable area. The minor seed spices include
ajwain, dill seed, celery, aniseed and kalongi. Most of the seed spice crops attract a large
number of insect pests that cause significant losses in fields as well as during storage. Pest
infestation can cause approximately 5 to 69 percent reduction in the crops production. Among
various insect pests associated with seed spice crops, sucking pests are the largest group and
cause maximum damage to the crops in fields. Aphids are the major yield-limiting biotic factor,
as they cause more damage than any other pest on seed spice crops. More than one species of
aphids are found attacking on many seed spice crops. Other sucking pests associated with seed
spice crops are thrips, hoppers, bugs, whitefly, etc. Seed midge is another important pest in
fields and during storage. Defoliators are also found on these crops but cause limited damage.
Most of these pests are polyphagous, attacking a variety of vegetation and a few species are
exclusive for seed spices. Some of the species cause heavy losses to the crops (Kant and Meena,
2018).
Sucking pest: Aphid: Aphids are the major insect pest both in tropical and temperate regions
(David and Kumaraswami, 1982). Different species of aphid are found in seed spices. Both
nymphs and adults of aphid infest the crop either in colonies or individually by piercing their
sharp needle like stylets into cells of plant for sucking the cell sap, resulting in curling of leaves
or appearance of discoloured spots on the foliage. As aphids become more abundant at juvenile

342
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

stage, the plant gradually wilts and leaves become yellowish to brownish resulting in to death
of the plant (Patel, 2002). Aphid excreted honeydew like sweet sugary substance which served
as a medium to grow black fungus which interferes the photosynthesis process of the plants
and reduction in seed yield (Mishra et al. 2022). 50 per cent of the crop losses in Gujarat and
it is considered as a major or key pest of fennel which pose as threat to seed spices (Kumari et
al. 2024).
Thrips: Thrips damage the undersides of leaves by sucking their juices. The nymph and adult
of this insect crash the epidermis layer of leaves, stem and shoots by rasping and sucking type
of mouth parts and suck the out coming sap (Meena et al., 2019). They damage young and soft
parts of plants such as new leaves and shoots. As a result, leaves curl downwards and change
to a blackish silver colour (Cook et al., 2011). Severe infestation causes young leaves to wilt
and dry out. Also thrips can carry and spread viral diseases.
Leaf hopper: The adults and nymphs are small wedge shaped, slender and greenish in colour
with two black spots on the vertex and walk diagonally. The fore wings have a black spot on
their posterior part (Jayasimha et al., 2012). The nymphs as well as adults suck the cell sap
from lower surface of the leaves. In the initial stage of infestation the border of leaf turn yellow
and leaf curling starts inwards (Sultana et al., 2016). In case of severe attack leaves dry up,
ultimately drop and plant growth remains stunted.
White fly: The whitefly was recorded as a minor pest of seed spices. Both the nymphs and
adults suck the cell sap from the lower surface of the leaves. Due to sucking, chlorotic spots
appeared which later coalesce and forming irregular yellowing of leaves. They excrete
honeydew which drops on the leaves (Solanki and Jha, 2018). The insect is also a potential
vector of leaf curl disease in chilli, cumin and coriander (Raghuteja et al, 2022).
Management of sucking pest: Timely sowing of crop in between second week of October to
first week of November. Cumin should be sown up to the first week of November has low
infestation than the crop some after this date. Higher yield can also be obtained in early sown
crop (Meena et al., 2023; Patel et al., 2024). Crop should sown in desired geometry.
Recommended doses of nitrogenous fertilizers should be applied. Because higher application
of nitrogenous fertilizers causes more succulent to the crop (Kant et al., 2010; Pathan et al.,
2017). Install yellow (RGB-255, 255, 0) or dark green (RGB-0, 128, 0) sticky traps (15 cm x
21 cm) @ 25 traps/ha at crop height for the effective monitoring of aphids in coriander, cumin,
fenugreek and fennel, while dark blue (RGB-0, 0, 255) and yellow (RGB-255, 255, 0) sticky
traps (15 cm x 21 cm) @ 25 traps/ha at crop height for the effective monitoring of thrips in
cumin, fennel and ajwain. The sticky trap is to be installed at one week after transplanting and
it should be changed at weekly interval (JAU, Junagadh, 2020-21).
predators and parasitoids, viz., Coccinella septumpunctata L., Bromides suturalis F. and
Aphidius spp. should be conserve as they can suppress the population of aphid by feeding on

343
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

them (Kant et al., 2010). Integrated pest management module for coriander aphid comprising
of sowing of coriander in 1st week of October and releasing coccinellid predators @ 400
adults/ha (ICBR 1:8.10) at ETL of 1.0 aphid index / plant (ICBR 1:5.00) is used (Junagadh:
2018-19). Spray botanicals neem oil, 1% (100 ml/10 l water) or garlic extract, 5% at
appearance of pest and second spray at 10 days after first spray for effective control of aphid
and thrips in cumin. For preparation of 5% garlic extract, 500 g garlic cloves to be crushed in
required quantity of water followed by filtration and dilution in 10 litres of water (Suthar et
al., 2022). Spray Beauveria bassiana 1.15 WP (Min. 1 x 108 cfu/g) 0.007 % (60 g/10 l of
water) or Lecanicillium lecanii 1.15 WP (Min. 1 x 108 cfu/g) 0.009 % (80 g/10 l of water),
first at ETL and subsequent three sprays at 10 days interval for effective and economical
management of aphid (Pathan and Sisodiya, 2024; AAU, Anand: 2021-22). Apply two sprays
of Beauveria bassiana 1.15 WP (Min. 2 x 106 cfu/g) 0.007% (60 g/10 l of water), first at
initiation of pest infestation and second at ten days interval for effective, economical and eco-
friendly management of thrips, Thrips tabaci in cumin (Kachot et al., 2020). For effective and
economical management of thrips in cumin, seed treatment with thiamethoxam 70 % WS @
4.2 g/kg seed (CBR 1:9.22) or imidacloprid 70 % WS @ 10 g/kg seed (CBR 1: 2.58) is used
(Maurya et al., 2015). In case of higher population development spraying of either of
Dimethoate 0.03%, Metasystox 0.03%, Imidachlorprid 0.005% or Thiomethoxam 0.025% give
effective control. Repeats the spray 15-20 days after first application if necessary (Pathan et
al., 2017; Jakhar et al., 2018).

Leaf miner: Leaf miner is the most damaging insect pest of fenugreek crop and also observed
that the heavy population of leaf miner developed during the flowering and fruiting stages and
cause significant yield loss at the crop harvest (Vinay et al.,2023). They mines the leaves, were
smaller at the site of egg laying and gradually increased with increase in the larval size. The
larvae feed on the chlorophyll content of the leaves and affect the photosynthesis rate of the
plant, ultimately decrease the yield of the crop (Sadiq et al., 2020; Pathan et al., 2024).
Management: Avoid excessive levels of nitrogen fertilization, as this can increase leaf miner
infestations (Aboelfadel et al., 2023; Pathan et al., 2023). Remove plants near vegetable
gardens and fields that are known to be leaf miner hosts. These include weeds such as
nightshade (Solanum americanum) and dock (Rumex obtusifolius) and ornamentals such as
chrysanthemum, marigold, dahlia, gerbera and gypsophila (Pathan et al., 2024; Alston and
Mull, 2018). Use adequate irrigation to keep plants healthy and reduce stress. In case of higher
leaf miner attack in fenugreek crop application of Endosulfan or Dimethoate @ 0.03% prevent
the crop from damage (Kant et al., 2010).

Seed midge: Seed midge damage causes both qualitative and quantitative losses in seed yield
of seed spices both in fields as well as in storage (Ram and Sharma, 2019). A female midge
lay eggs in the embryo of grain and developing larva feed, pupate inside the grain and adult
emerge from the grains by boring a hole. Female of Systole albipennis
344
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

damage up to 40 per cent in fennel, 30 per cent in coriander and 20 per cent in cumin (Meena
et al., 2015).
Management: Five sprays of Methyl-o-demeton 0.025% (NICBR 1:7.5) or Monocrotophos
0.036% (NICBR 1:6.1) any one of the insecticides at 15 days interval starting from emergence
of flowers should be made for effective and economical control of seed midge attacking in
fennel (Junagadh: 1993). Spray of thiamethoxam 0.025% and imidacloprid 0.005% provided
maximum protection (Kant et al.,2013).
Termite: Termite damage fenugreek and chilli stem and cut ends and effecting their
germination of 50% resulting in gaps in the field. In the attacked plants the outer leaves first
show signs of drying and attacked plant may come off easily if pulled. They destroyed the crop
at night remain hidden in their nest during night time (Mahapatro and Sreedevi, 2014).
Management: Growing fenugreek for seed purpose are advised to grow ajwain as an intercrop
in fenugreek in (1:1 ratio) for effective management of termite. (SDAU, Jagudan: 2016-17)
Defoliators
Helicoverpa armigera:- Adult moths are yellowish brown with black dots on the forewings.
The caterpillars are green with black or ash coloured lines on the lateral sides. Young larvae
feed on tender leaves and make small round holes on them (Herald and Tayde, 2018).
Spodoptera litura:- The forewings are brownish black with zigzag white markings. The hind
wings are pale white in colour. The caterpillars are green with black spots on lateral sides. Eggs
are laid on the under surface of the tender leaves in mass covered with creamy yellow silky
material. The caterpillars feed on tender leaves by remaining on the lower surface of the leaves.
In case of heavy infestation, the larvae eat away entire leaf lamina leaving only the main veins,
skeletonize the leaves (Dodiya et al, 2023).
Management in Defoliators: Deep ploughing during summer. The visible egg masses of
Spodoptera could be collected and destroyed. The caterpillars resting in soil during daytime
may be asphyxiated by flooding the fields. The Helicoverpa larvae could be manually collected
as these do not hide during daytime (Mapuranga et al., 2015). Monitoring of adult moths of
defoliators through pheromone trap helps in timely management of pests. Application of
botanicals like neem oil -2% or NSKE -5% help in early control of pest. Application of egg
parasitoids like Trichogramma sp.@ 50,000 parasitised eggs/week/ha helps in control of most
of defoliators (kant et al., 2010). Another method of destroying these larvae is to erect bird
perches across the fields to facilitate predation by birds. Many as 50 perches should be placed
in a hectare area of cropped field to take advantage of bird predation. Alternatively
biopesticides based on bacterial (Bacillus thuringiensis) or viral (SNPV or HaNPV)
formulations may be used. Whereas Bt based formulation could be applied @ 2 g or ml
(depending on formulation) per litre of water, it is essential to add a little liquid soap, to ensure
better spread and sticking of the spray solution on crop surface. The
345
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

viral formulation is to be used at 450 larval equivalents dose per hectare (Dodiya and Barad,
2022). For chemical control, spraying with Emamectin benzoate 200 ml/acre (Dodiya et al.,
2024 Chohan et al., 2020) or Profenofos 50% EC 2.0 ml/L (Yogeeswarudu & Venkata Krishna,
2014) or 0.05% dichlorvos or endosulfan or dusting with 4% carbaryl or endosulfan may be
done.
Insects affecting stored spices: The cigarette and drugstore beetles (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)
are two of the commonly occurring insects found in stored seed spices. Both species are found
throughout the world. The cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius is common
throughout tropical and subtropical regions and is also frequently found in heated buildings in
temperate areas. The drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum Linnaeus is characteristically more
temperate than tropical.
The cigarette beetle: The cigarette beetle feeds on a variety of stored spices viz; cumin, fennel,
fenugreek, coriander etc. Both adults and larvae are capable of readily penetrating many types
of packaging material. The adult cigarette beetle is a small, red-brown to yellowish-brown
beetle. It is 3 to 4 mm long. The antennae are serrate (Retief and Nicholas, 1988).
Drugstore beetle: The drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.) also known as the biscuit
beetle cause tremendous damage and economic losses to stored spices and many other stored
products. Besides causing direct damage by feeding they contaminate and spoil the spices. The
beetles are cylindrical, 2.25 to 3.5 mm long and are a uniform brown to reddish brown.
Drugstore beetles are similar in appearance to the cigarette beetle however, two physical
characters can be used to tell the difference between them. The antennae of the cigarette beetle
are serrated (like the teeth on a saw) while the antennae of the drugstore beetle are not and end
in a 3-segmented club. The other difference is that the elytra (wing covers) of the drugstore
beetle have rows of pits giving them a striated (lined) appearance while those of the cigarette
beetle are smooth (Cabrera, 2001).
Management of cigarette and drugstore beetles: Preventing and controlling insect
infestations is relatively simple. Insecticides should be used only as a last resort (Barbercheck,
2020). Heating small quantities of infested material (190°F for one hour, 120°F for 16 to 24
hours) in an oven is also effective. Uninfested items can be cold- or heat-treated to ensure that
any undetected stages are killed. To prevent re infestation, storage area should be made
absolutely clean. Small quantity of material can be stored in airtight metal or plastic containers.
Clear containers make it easier to check for infestation (Fields, 1992). Store the well dried
coriander seeds in plastic coated jute bag (ICBR 1:11.57) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE)
bag 35 micron (ICBR 1:7.23) to protect from the infestation of cigarette beetle (Lasioderma
serricorne Fab.) up to 10 months of storage after harvesting. Large-scale control for severe
infestations can be achieved by fumigation. Residual insecticides registered for use on
drugstore beetles can be applied to cracks, crevices and shelves in storage areas after removal
of stored products Insect growth regulators (IGR) also are used as part of an IPM program.
346
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

Sticky traps baited with the female sex pheromone, stegobinone, can be used to monitor for
adult beetles. Pheromone traps are mostly used for detecting and monitoring beetle
populations. The traps typically are set out in a grid-like pattern within a facility and monitored
at regular intervals for trapped males (Malhotra and Vashishtha, 2007) Natural Enemies: The
parasitoid identified was Anisopteromalus calandrae Howard (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a
pupal parasitoid of L. serricorne infesting the seeds of Culcutta tobacco (Dodiya et al., 2022;
Dodiya et al., 2024). The drugstore beetle is attacked by a variety of generalist natural enemies.
Predators include Tenebriodes (Tenebrionidae), Thaneroclerus (Cleridae) and several
carabids. Eggs may be eaten by predatory mites. Parasitoids include wasps in the families
Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae and Bethylidae (Bare, 1942; Livingstone and Reed, 1936).

References:
Aboelfadel, M., Hassan, G. and Taha, M. A. M. (2023). Impact of nitrogen fertilization types
on leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii infestation, growth and productivity of pea plants
under pest control program. Journal of the Advances in Agricultural
Researches, 28(1): 92-105.
Alston, D. G. and Mull, A. (2018). Leafminers of Vegetable Crops (Order: Diptera; Family:
Agromyzidae). Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic
Laboratory. 1-5.
Barbercheck M. 2020. Management of stored grain pests in organic systems. Organic Grain
Production Resource Book, 182-202.
Bare CO. 1942. Some enemies of stored-tobacco insects, with biological notes. Journal of
Economic Entomology, 35(2): 185-189.
Cabrera, B. J. (2001). Drugstore Beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.)(Insecta: Coleoptera:
Anobiidae). Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida/Institute
of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension. (Accessed on 5 November 2014).
Chohan S, Perveen R, Tahir M. 2020. Cotton Production and Uses. In: Ahmad Shakeel,
Hasanuzzaman M (editors). Cotton Production and Uses. pp. 239 270. doi:
10.1007/978- 981-15-1472-2
Cook, D., Herbert, A., Akin, D. S. and Reed, J. (2011). Biology, crop injury, and management
of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting cotton seedlings in the United
States. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 2(2): 1-9.
David, B. V. and Kumaraswami, T. (1982). Elements of Economic Entomology Popular Book
Depot.
Dodiya, R. D. and Barad, A. H. (2022). Effectiveness of biopesticides against Spodoptera litura
infesting groundnut under field condition. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(8),
1601.
Dodiya, R. D., Barad, A. H. and Italiya, J. V. (2024). Efficacy of insecticides against
Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) infesting groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea Linnaeus).
Pesticide Research Journal, 36 (2): 125- 129.
347
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

Dodiya, R. D., Barad, A. H., Italiya, J. V., Pathan, N. P., & Bhatt, N. A. (2023). Host Suitability
of Tobacco Leaf Eating Caterpillar (Spodoptera litura F.) under Laboratory
Condition. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 14(Aug, 8),
1186-1195.
Dodiya, R. D., Bhatt, N. A., Barad, A. H., and Sisodiya, D. B. (2022). Report of
Anisopteromalus calandrae (howard)(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as a potential
biocontrol agent of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius)(Coleoptera:
Anobiidae) infesting tobacco seeds under storage condition from Gujarat, India.
Dodiya, R. D., Pathan, N. P., Goswami, S. M., Chachpara, B. A., & Sondarava, P. M. (2024).
First report on the invasion of vermicelli by Lasioderma serricorne. Journal of
Agriculture and Ecology, 19, 77-84.
Fields PG. 1992. The control of stored-product insects and mites with extreme
temperatures. Journal of Stored Products Research, 28(2): 89-118.
Herald, K. P. and Tayde, A. R. (2018). Biology and morphology of tomato fruit borer,
Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) under Allahabad conditions. Journal of Entomology
and Zoology Studies, 6(4): 1734-1737.
Jakhar, S., Sharma, A. and Choudhary, P. K. (2018). Efficacy of insecticides against sucking
pests of Indian bean, Lablab purpureus (Linn.). Journal of Entomology and Zoology
Studies, 6: 2203-2207.
Jankiram, T. and Lal, G. (2018). Recent advances in research and development of seed spices
in India, 19th foundation day lecture made on 19th January, 2018 at ICAR-
NRCSS.
Jayasimha, G.T., Rachana, R.R., Manjunatha. M. and Rajkumar, V.B. (2012) Biology and
seasonal incidence of leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) (Hemiptera:
Cicadellidae) on okra. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystem, 18: 149-
153.
Kachot, A. V., Jethva, D. M., Kaneria, P. B. and Wadaskar, P. S. (2020). Determination of an
effective dose of Beauveria bassiana against Thrips tabaci infesting onion. Journal of
Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8(2): 416-418.
Kant, K. and Meena, S. R. (2018). Pests of seed spices. Pests and Their Management, 697-
718.
Kant, K., Sharma, Y. K., Meena, S. S., Meena, R. S. and Meena, S. R. (2010). Saving seed
spices from insect enemies. Indian Horticulture, 55(4):25-27.
Kant, K., Sharma, Y. K., Mishra, B. K., Vishal, M. K. and Meena, S. R. (2013). Management
of chalcid wasp (Systole albipennis) (Eurytomidae: Hymenoptera) in coriander: a
pest of field and quarantine significance. The Indian Journal of Agricultural
Sciences, 83(10): 1043- 1045.

348
 Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

Kumari, H., Khinchi, S., Bagaria, S. K., Dalal, P. L. and Sharma, S. (2024). Efficacy of
biopesticides and botanicals against fennel aphid: Biopesticides for fennel
aphid. Journal of AgriSearch, 11(02): 100-103.
Livingstone EM. and Reed WD. (1936). Insect fauna of cured tobacco in storage in the
United States. Journal of Economic Entomology, 29(5): 1017-1022.
Mahapatro G K, Sreedevi K. 2014. Indigenous approaches for the management of termite and
white grub in upland rice. Current Biotica, 8(1): 97-108.
Malhotra, S. K. and Vashishtha, B. B. (2007). Management of storage pests of seed
spices. Production, Development, Quality and Export of Seed Spices, 143-154.
Mapuranga R, Chapepa B, Mudada N. (2015). Strategies for integrated management of cotton
bollworm complex in Zimbabwe: A review. International Journal of Agronomy and
Agricultural Research, 7(1): 23 35.
Maurya, S. K., Maurya, R. P. and Singh, D. (2015). Evaluation of thiamethoxam 70% WS as
seed treatment against early sucking pests of tomato. Journal of Applied and Natural
Science, 7(2): 763-767.
Meena, N.K., Lal, G., Meena, S.S., Kant, K. and Meena, R.D. 2019. Screening of coriander
varieties/entries for their relative susceptibility against aphids under field conditions.
Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 14(2): 39-43.
Meena, R. S., Saxena, S. N. and Kumar, S. (2023). Cumin. In Handbook of Spices in India: 75
Years of Research and Development. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. (pp.
2165- 2207).
Meena, S. R., Kant, K., Mishra, B. K., Mehta, R. S., Dubey, P. N., Meena, N. K., & Sinha, P.
(2015). Influence of cultural practices on infestation of fennel seed wasp (Systole
albipennis Walker). International Journal of Seed Spices, 5(2): 92-94.
Mishra, I., Roy, S., & Mishra, B. K. (2022). Comparative Biology of Three Coccinellid
Predators on Cowpea Aphid Aphis craccivora. Indian Journal of Entomology,
84(3): 541-545.
Patel, H. M. (2002). Bio-ecology and management of Aphis gossypii Glover infesting
medicinal crop Isabgol, Plantago ovata Forskal [Ph. D. thesis submitted in AAU,
Anand].
Patel, Z. N., Pathan, N. P., Patel, P. S., and Dodiya, R. D. Effect of Seed Treatment Against
Leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) Infesting Summer Okra.
Pathan, N. P., and Sisodiya, D. B. (2024). Effect of Insecticides on Incidence of Stem Fly,
Melanagromyza Sojae (Zehntner) in Summer Black Gram. Pesticide Research
Journal, 36(2), 116-121.
Pathan, N. P., Bharpoda, T. M., and Parmar, K. D. (2017). Dissipation and persistence of
flonicamid in/on okra fruits. Trends Biosci, 10(28), 6002-6005.

349
View publication stats

Winter school on Biobased Agricultural Revolution: Exploring the Future of Bioagents, Biopesticides and Biofertilizers

Pathan, N. P., Bharpoda, T. M., Sisodiya, D. B., and Gohel, N. M. (2017). Effect of nitrogenous
fertilizer and insecticides on incidence of leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula
(Ishida) in Kharif okra. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 6(10), 540-550.
Pathan, N. P., Sisodiya, D. B., and Dodiya, R. D. (2024). Impact of Intercropping with Black
Gram on Incidence of Stem Fly, Melanagromyza sojae Kharif (Zehntner) during the
Season in Gujarat. Indian Journal of Ecology, 51(5), 1027-1030.
Pathan, N. P., Sisodiya, D. B., Dodiya, R. D., and Kalola, A. D. (2023). Seasonal incidence of
stem fly, Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner) infesting black gram (Vigna mungo L.) in
kharif. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 15, 94-99.
Pathan, N. P., Sisodiya, D. B., Dodiya, R. D., and Thumar, R. K. (2023). Impact of sowing
periods on incidence of stem fly, Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner) in kharif black
gram. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 12(6), 6260-6265.
Raghuteja, P. V., Rao, N. B. V. C. and Padma, E. (2022). A review on invasive pests of
horticultural crop ecosystems. Biological Forum - An International Journal, 14(3):
1209- 1217.
Ram, N. and Sharma, A. (2019). Varietal screening of fennel against chalcid wasp, Systole
albipennis Walker. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7(4): 1213-1216.
Ramaiah, M. and Maheswari, T. U. (2018). Biology studies of tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera
litura Fabricius. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 6(5): 2284-2289.
Retief E. and Nicholas A. 1988. The cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne (F.)
(Coleoptera: Anobiidae): A serious herbarium pest. Bothalia, 18(1): 97-99.
Sadiq, F. H., Al-Nadawi, F. A. M. and Mahmood, Z. T. (2020). The Leaf Miners Liriomyza
spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae): The damage nature and the economic
importance: A review. Plant Archives, 20(2): 1173-1175.
Solanki, R. D. and Jha, S. (2018). Population dynamics and biology of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci
Gennadius) on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and
Phytochemistry, 7(1S): 3055-3058.
Sultana, P., Alam, M. J., Das, K., Azad, M. A. K. and Islam, M. T. (2016) Ecofriendly control
of okra jassid using botanicals from jute (Corchorus capsularies). Bangladesh
Journal, 30: 65-70.

350