MARKING SHEME

THE ROYAL EXAM SERIES

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

313/2 − C.R.E − Paper 2

1 (a) Outline the Psalmist’s prophecy about the Messiah
 He will be the lord
 He will sit in the right hand side of God/honoured/exalted
 Defeat his enemies
 He will rule from Zion
 He will rule in the midst of his enemies
 Betrayed by a close friend
 He would rule as a Gods representative on earth
((6x1=6 marks
b) With reference to Luke 1:26 -38, outline the message of angel Gabriel about Jesus to
Mary (8mks)
.
 His name would be Jesus
 He was going to be great
 He would be called the son of the most high.
 He would be given the throne of his father David.
 He would rule forever .
 He was to save people from sins
 He would be an everlasting king and his kingdom would have no end .
 Jesus conception was to be effected by the power of the holy spirit and would be
called the son of God. (8x1=8mks)

c) Give six lessons Christians learn from the incident when Jesus was dedicated.(6mks)

 Christians should be righteous before God in order to experience Him in their

lives.
 Christians should trust/have faith in God

2.a) Describe the incident when Jesus was baptised in river Jordan by John the Baptist
(Luke 3:21-22) (5mks)

 John the Baptist Baptist all the people

 Jesus was also baptised
 Jesus was praying

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  The heavens opened
 The Holy Spirit descended upon Jesus
 A voice came from heaven
 Jesus was described as the beloved son of God with whom He was pleased. .
(5x1=5mks)

b) Outline seven reasons why Christians undergo baptism.

(7mks)

 Baptism enables them to become children of God.

 It enables one to become a member of a Christian community/Christian
denomination.
 It enables them to receive the power of the Holy Spirit
 It enables them to identify themselves with Christ/all that he stands for
 It symbolises that one has died and resurrected with Christ, leaving the old sinful
nature/acquisition of a new life in Jesus.
 Trough baptism, one receives complete forgiveness of sins.
 It prepares Christians for the kingdom of God
 It unites Christians as members of the body of Christ which is the Church
 It symbolises obedience to Jesus teaching
 It acts as an outward sign of their inner faith as it is done publicly. (7x1=7mks)

c) Explain the importance of transfiguration of Jesus to Christians today.

(8mks)

 It took place when Jesus and three of his disciples were praying . Christians
should therefore take time off their duties to pray.
 Jesus and his disciples had retreated to a private place/mountain to pray.
Christians therefore should have retreats/ go to a private place for prayer.
 Resurrection is a reality since Moses who died appeared in the transfiguration.
Christians therefore should have hope for life after death.
 Moses and Elijah appeared to encourage about the suffering he was about to face.
Christians therefore learn that they should accept/endure suffering as a way to
salvation.
 Jesus came to do the will on his Father/fulfil the law/prophecies . Christians are
assured of salvation/ should believe in the word of God.
 The disciples heard the voice of God which commanded them to listen to Jesus.
Christians learn that God speaks to them/they should listen to Gods
voice/Jesus/the word of God .

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  The cloud symbolized God’s presence with Jesus . Christians therefore learn that
God is always with them/they should call upon Him for help/desire to be in the
presence of God.
(4X2=8
3 a. The instructions that Jesus gave to the seventy-two disciples when he sent them on a mission.

(i) The disciples were to pray for more laborers to be sent for the harvest,
(ii) The disciples were not to carry any purse / bag / sandals.
(iii) They were not to salute anyone on the road.
(iv) They were to say peace in any house they entered.
(v) They were to remain in the same house / NOT to go from house to house.
(vi) They were to eat / drink whatever was provided.
(vii) They were to heal the sick
(viii) They were, to tell the people that the kingdom of God was near
(ix) They were to wipe off the dust on their feet against the people if not received.
(8×1=8 Marks)

b) Identify the areas of conflict between Jesus and the religious leaders in His ministry in
Jerusalem
i. The question about Jesus’ authority to teach
ii. the question about the resurrection
iii. The question about the messiah / his identity
iv. The attitude of Jesus concerning the widow’s offering
v . The question payment of taxes
vi. Jesus’ direct attack on the religious leaders/ denouncing the scribes
Vii. The parable of the wicked tenants

(6×1=6 Marks)

C) Explain ways in which church leaders should respond to members who oppose them in
their work. (6 marks)
i. Ways in which church leaders should respond to members who oppose them in
their work.
ii. The church leaders should find out/investigate the reason for their opposition.
iii. They should forgive them/seek reconciliation.
iv. The leaders should pray for those who oppose them. welcome their contributions.

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 v. Include them in fellowships/church activities.
vi. Look for opportunities to assist them especially when in problems.
vii. Review/change their approach to issues.
(6 x1 = 6 marks)
4.a) Explain how the unity of believers is expressed in the image of the body of Christ.
(8mks)

 St Paul describes the believers as the body of Christ.

 Christ is the head of the Church.
 The believers from parts of the body
 The body has different organs. In the same way the Church has different
members.
 They all need to work together for the well being of the Church.
 Every part of the body is needed to make it whole. All parts are interpedently/ one
part cannot be without the other.
 The different Church members are given different spiritual gifts by the Holy Spirit

b) State six reasons why the use of the gifts of the Holy Spirit brought disunity in the
church at Corinth. (6mks)
 There was competition in the speaking in tongues.
 There was disorder/confusion in worship as people with different gifts tried to
outdo one another.
 People did not use their gifts for the benefit of the Church/one another .
 Some gifts such as prophecy/teaching were looked down upon/there was
pride/boasting.
 There was no interpretation for tongues when the gift of speaking in tongues was
in use, hence messages were not understood.
 People did not show love for one another.
 Those with the gift of speaking in tongues despised those who did not have/some
members through they were too spiritual.

(6x1= 6mks)

c) In what ways do the Christians in Kenya demonstrate the New Testament

teaching on unity. (6mks)
 Christians meet for prayers/fellowship together .
 They observe a day of worship to honour God.
 They share the Holy communion/meals.
 They help those who are poor/needy.
 They solve problems affecting the Church members.

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  They hold joint crusades/rallies.
 They also co-operate by providing Christian programmes in the mass
media/resource materials.
 The speak in one voice to condemn evil in society. (6x1= 6mks)

5. (a) Identify seven factors that have led to an increased rate of child labor in
Kenya today (7 marks)
i. Widespread poverty among parents.
ii. High dropout rate from school.
iii. Orphans and destitute children with no one to take care of them.
iv. Family breakups due to separation and divorce.
v. Runaways voluntarily seek for jobs.
vi. Urbanization and industrialization.
vii. Ignorance on the part of children about their rights.
viii. Children provide cheap labor.
ix. Children are not unionisable and thus cannot fight for good terms and
conditions of service.
x. Children can easily be hired and fired.
xi. Children are not skilled in any job and so cannot fight for good terms of
service.
xii. Children discrimination in some communities/boys are preferred/given
priorities over girls or vice versa.
xiii. Children are given too many responsibilities at an early
age/negligence/irresponsible parents.
(7 x 1 = 7 marks)
(b) Outline the causes of conflict between an employer and employees in Kenya.
(7 marks)

i. Lack of respect to the employee by the employer (or vice versa).

ii. Employees not being given time for leisure/leave.
iii. Poor working conditions/environment.
iv. When the employees do not receive their wages/not paid on time.
v. When employers fail to consider the welfare of employees/ allowances.
vi. When employees fail to accomplish tasks within the expected time/poor time
management.
vii. When employees are not allowed to join trade unions.
viii. Unequal changes of promotion/discrimination by the
employer/lack of promotion.
ix. Poor/low remuneration.
x. Sexual harassment by the employer.

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 xi. Racial/tribal/ethnic differences may bring conflicts.
xii. Misuse /destruction of property by employees.
xiii. Differences in religious affiliation between the employer and
employees.
xiv. Divulging the secrets of the employer/organization.
(7 x 1 = 7 marks)
(c) Give six roles a Christian should play during a strike. (6 marks)
i. Not to take part in the strike.
ii. Encourage other people to find better means of solving the
problem.
iii. To inform the authority of any grievances if they are not aware/mediate.
iv. To pray for a solution to the problem/seek God’s guidance for a
solution to the problem.
v. Should not take part in a violent demonstration.
To report the matter to the nearest police station. (6 x 1 = 6 marks

6. (a) Scientific & technological developments that threaten human existence

 Exploitation of natural resources through mining, poaching/deforestation
 Environmental pollution through dumping/emission of poisonous substances into
air/water
 Through production of weapons of mass destruction
 Through accidents which result from the application of modern
science/technology
 Application of modern agriculture that causes soil erosion
 Addictive drugs such as heroin that are produced by use of science and
technology
 Environment degradation as a result of urbanization/industrialization
 Scientists using human beings as experiment species on drugs that have led to
death
 Development in science/technology has weakened human belief in God’s
existence
 Those who own technology exploit those without
 Genes cloning & artificial birth threaten family life (8X1 = 8mks)

(b) Ways in which science has promoted Christians understanding of God’s

creation
 Enabled man to make tools and rules that make man to understand

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 Increased peoples’ knowledge of mysterious events such as the outer space
 Used to improve human life through disease control and good diet
 Man is able to conquer animal and plant kingdom
 Mans’ standard of living has been improved
 Science has been used to improve man’s spiritual & material needs
 The world has been reduced to a global village through scientific invention
 Through science, Man takes part in God’s creation work
 Unity of humankind has been enhanced through communications and promotion of peace
 Human beings have used scientific inventions to tap the environment for his benefit
(1 x 6 = 6mks)
(c) State the causes of environmental pollution
 Industrial wastes
 Smoke from domestic users
 Mining activities
 Agricultural chemicals
 Traffic wastes & smoke
 Soil erosion
 Garbage
 Noise in urban centers
Emission from scientific research stations and green house (6X1 = 6mks

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