Lesson 2 - TPACK as a Framework for S – Substitution.

It uses technology as
Technology-Driven Teaching and Learning alternate for the regular item to augment or
Punya Mishra and Matthew J. Koehler’s 2006 assist instruction.
TPACK framework focuses on the three types of A – Augmentation. There is a functional
knowledge which are technological knowledge improvement in the use of the technology
(TK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), and content tool.
knowledge (CK). The TPACK framework outlines M – Modification. The technology is used to
how content (what is being taught) and redesign a lesson.
pedagogy (how the teacher imparts that R – Redefinition. Technology allows the
content) must form the foundation for any creation of a new concept that has not been
effective edtech integration. The content and previously conceptualized.
support the pedagogy must communicate to
enhance students’ learning experience in the
implementation of technology.
Lesson 3 - The ASSURE Model
The three types of knowledge – TK, PK, and CK – ASSURE is an instructional design model that
are thus combined and guide the teacher in crafting an instructional
recombined in various ways within the TPACK flow in integrating technology and media in
framework. classroom instruction. It composed of 6
- Content Knowledge (CK) – This describes essential steps.
teachers’ own knowledge of the subject
matter. It includes knowledge of concepts, A – Analyze the learners. - Learning styles,
theories, evidence, an organizational age level, interests or preferences, background,
framework within a particular subject special needs and cultural diversity.
matter. S – State the objectives. - Expected learning
- Pedagogical Knowledge (PK) – This outcomes.
describes teachers’ knowledge of the S – Select methods, media and materials. -
practices, processes, and methods Strategy, materials or technology.
regarding teaching and learning. U – Utilize methods, media and materials. -
- Technological Knowledge (TK) – This Deciding which part of the instruction will a
describes teachers’ knowledge of, and particular material or technology be employed.
ability to use, various technologies, R – Require learner participation. - Engage
technological tools, and associated students to participate or perform tasks.
resources. E – Evaluate student performance. -
Evaluation should be congruent to the learning
For further understanding of the acronyms, outcomes. (Bilbao et al., 2019)
- Technological pedagogical knowledge
(TPK) describes relationships and Lesson 4 - Models of Technology-Enhanced
interactions between technological tools Instructional Lessons
and specific pedagogical practices, while Technology Enhanced Learning and Teaching
- Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) (TELT) Model provides learning through
describes the same between pedagogical collaborations and interactions with a
practices and specific learning objectives; framework for content development and
finally, collaborative knowledge sharing system as a
- Technological content knowledge (TCK) supplementary for learning to improve the
describes relationships and intersections quality of education system. This includes
among technologies and learning course management system, digital library,
objectives. multimedia enriched contents and video
These three constitutes the TPACK, where the lectures, open content management system
relationships among all three areas and and collaboration and knowledge sharing
acknowledges that educators are acting within systems (Sherly & Uddin, 2010).
this complex space. (Kurt, 2018).
Technological Advances to Enhance a
Lesson
SAMR 1. Computers - can be used for browsing on
The SAMR Model is a framework created by Dr. Internet, word processing, presentations, music
Ruben Puentedura that categorizes four development, educational games and more.
different degrees of classroom technology 2. Computer Games - students interact with
integration. The letters "SAMR" stand for material and learn without realizing they are
Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and learning. Kahoot is a tool that can be used for
Redefinition. The SAMR model was created to educational game.
share a common language across disciplines as 3. Word Processing – tool to create, edit and
teachers encode paragraphs. MS Word, google docs and
strive to help students visualize complex others can be used in manipulating paragraphs
concepts. and texts.
4. Teacher Websites - Teachers can post Information Literacy - is locating information
material that either goes with the lesson or from the web and interpreting while evaluating
more in depth so that students who are its validity in order that it can be shared.
interested can learn more about a particular ICT Literacy - is knowing how to select and use
subject. A google classroom can be a tool in digital devices, applications or services to
posting announcements accomplish tasks s of requiring the use of the
and lessons in a class. internet.
5. Digital Textbooks - Voice programs that Communications and Collaboration - are
read the material to the student can help them one’s capabilities in being able to participate in
hear correct pronunciation of new and difficult the digital networks in the teaching and
words and practice them in the same way that learning context.
foreign language software does. Identity Management - is being able to
6. Videos - Visual learners benefit from hearing understand how to ensure safety and security in
and seeing the information at the same time. managing online identity and foster a positive
Youtube can be a platform in developing videos. digital reputation.
7. Music - Difficult subjects can be presented in Learning Skills - are ways of knowing how to
music format to make it seem lessintimidating. study and learn in a technology enriched
8. Video Conferencing - Allow students to environment; this is knowing how to utilize
practice and improve their public speaking and technology in addressing the need to learn
presentation skills. Zoom, FB Messenger, Skype, efficiently.
Viber, Google Meet and others can be platforms Digital Scholarship - is being able to link and
in web conferencing. participate in professional and research
9. Podcasts - Students can create audio clips practices.
to work out difficult topics and help educate C’s of the 21st century
their peers. a) Critical thinking
10.Wikis and Blogs - Allow students to publish b) Creativity
their ideas and stories as well as share them c) Communication
with friends and family. d) Collaboration
11.Social Media - Students can conduct
research and surveys to learn and conduct
research projects. FB, Twitter, LinkedIn, Viber
and others are examples of social media.
12.Google Maps - Teaches geography, your
place in the world. (Resilient Educator, 2020)

Other tools, Digital Literacy Skills

Blogs - A webpage that you need to create and Lynch (2017) identified the following 8 digital
where you can write and post your ideas. literacy skills
Padlet – Another tool that can be accessed Coding
online and suited for sharing information or Collaboration
content and can allow engagement of students. Cloud software
(Bilbao et. al., 2019). Word processing software
Moodle and Wiki – can be used for content Screen casting
development. Personal Archiving
Information evaluation
Digital Literacy Use of social media
Was coined by Paul Gilster in 1997 and it came
from the discussion of the concepts Non digital and digital tools
Instructional Materials - these are print and
a) Visual literacy when images and non-verbal non-print items that impact information to
symbols try to capture the knowledge, students in the educational process (Effiong &
b) Technological literacy requiring one to be Igiri, 2015).
able to use technology in addressing a need, These are supplementary materials which help
c) Computer literacy, which in 1980s started to the teachers to make his/her presentation
become a household item manipulated to concrete, effective, interesting, meaningful and
achieve one’s target. inspiring.
d) Information literacy which referes to the Its primary aim is to provide the teachers to
finding, evaluating, using and sharing of layout of the way for teaching in the classroom.
information. Examples: Drawings, Kits, Textbooks, Posters,
Magazines, Flip chart, Newspapers, Diorama,
Media Literacy - is one’s ability to critically Pictures, Recording videos
read information or content and utilize
multimedia in creatively producing Roles of Instructional Materials
communications. - It promotes meaningful communication and
effective learning.
- It ensures better retention. Portfolio - is a collection of student work
- It makes inaccessible accessible. that exhibits students’ effort, progress,
- It provides a common experience upon achievements and competencies gained
which late learning can be developed. during the course.
- It encourages participation. (Brown et al., ePortfolio or Digital Portfolio - can be
2005; Effiong & Igiri, 2015) used as a digital archive that can contain
the same materials as a physical portfolio
Factors to consider in developing IM
- Develop a story board and working outline
but can have much more such as
based on objectives. multimedia productions, relevant online
- Identify existing resources. links or references, digital stories or video
- Research off the shelf materials by others if blogs, powerpoint presentations,
it could be useful. photographs and other ICT materials. This
- Explore the possibility of adapting concepts can be private or can be published and
of others without infringing on anyone’s shared publicly to stakeholders like parents
copy protected design. and friends.
- Modify existing materials based on the You can create an Online Portfolio using a
objectives of the lesson. Site
- It can be shared with others if the IM is
effective.
- It can be sold to the market. Technology Collaborative Tools
1. Skype - a software application that
Non digital tools allows you to do video conferencing for free.
1. Dioramas – These are small scenes created 2. Wiki - a software that allows you to create a
of layers of materials, all depicting a similar page or selection of pages designed to allow
concept or theme. you to post or write, edit, or upload a link
They usually display a historical time period, a quickly.
nature scene, or a fictional situation 3. Blogging - it is journaling your ideas to which
2. Nature Table - It contains objects and/or others can react allowing a thread of discussion
scenes related to the current season, or to take place and which can be used online.
upcoming festival or a symbol of an ecosystem. 4. Google Group or Google Form - is an
3. Writing board – it displays information application that can be used in a collaborative
written with chalk. Also known as visual aids documentation of ideas contributed by
4. Flip chart - large table of pad paper, members of the team.
usually on tripod or stand.
5. Zigzag board – multi-board series of three
of four rectangular boards.
6. Wall display – materials put up in the wall
7. Rope and pole display board – two
parallel, horizontal poles tied together with a
rope.
Guidelines when designing conventional IM
Unity
Simplicity
Legibility
Consistency, Clarity, and Quality
Digital tools
1. Using of Mobile Phone and QR Code
QR Code - created by a Japanese corporation
Denso-Wave in 1994.
QR - Quick Response. - It allows the readers to
decode the information at a high rate of speed.
2.Usin Laptop and infographics
Infographic - is a visual presentation or an
image such as diagram, chart or picture
representing information of data.
2. To present a survey.
3. To simplify a complex concept.
4. To explain how something functions.
5. To compare.
6. To present interesting facts.
3. Ipad/Tablet and the online bulletin boardv- is
a way of presenting ideas with a twist and
interest with no cost at all.
4. E-portfolio –