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CBSE
CLASS 10
Social Science
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Social Studies
(Civics)
Chapter 2: Federalism
 FEDERALISM
02

Federalism
Federalism and its Features
Federalism is a democratic form of government in which the power to govern the country is
shared or divided between the Central and the State Governments. Largely, both these
levels of government work independently of each other. Examples: India, USA, Australia,
Switzerland
In contrast to federalism, there also exists a unitary form of government. In the unitary
form of government, all powers are concentrated only in the hands of the Central
Government. Provincial governments or local governments may exist, but they are bound
to work according to the guidelines provided by the Central Government. Examples: Great
Britain, Sri Lanka, North Korea
Main Features of Federalism
Some main features of the federal form of government are
• There are two or three levels of governments—Central Government, State Government
and Local Government.
• Each level of government administers over the same region, but they have their own
jurisdiction in matters of administration, taxation and legislation.
• The Government at each level derives its power from the Constitution of the country.
Thus, the Central Government cannot dilute the powers of the State or Local
Governments.
• The basic principles of the Constitution and the rights given to the people cannot be
changed by only one tier of the Government. It requires the consent of governments at
both levels.
• Courts of the country act as a referee between the Central and the State Governments if
any dispute arises between the two.
• Both levels of the Government can collect taxes from the people according to the
guidelines of the Constitution of the country.
• Federalism thus not only safeguards the unity of the nation but also maintains the
regional and linguistic diversities of the people.
It is to be noticed that both levels of government should agree to the rules of power sharing
and trust each other.
Powers of the Central and the State Governments differ from country to country. There are
two ways in which a country may become federal. When independent states come together
and form one country, they retain their power to maintain their identity. This kind of
federation is called ‘coming together’ federations. Examples: USA and Australia. The
second way in which a country can become federal is when it decides to divide its powers
between the Central and the State Governments. This may be termed ‘holding together’
federations. Examples: India and Spain.

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Unitary System Federal System

There is only one level of government or the sub-units are There are two or more levels
subordinate to the Central Government. (or tiers) of government.
The Central Government can pass on orders to the The Central Government
provincial or local government. cannot order the state
government to do something.
The central government is supreme, and the State Government has powers
administrative divisions exercise only powers that the of its own for which it is not
central government has delegated to them. Their powers answerable to the central
may be broadened and narrowed by the central government.
government

India - A Federal Country

India is a federal country. It has three tiers of government-the Central Government, the
State Government and the local bodies such as municipal corporations and panchayats.
There are three lists which contain subjects in which the Union and the State Governments
may form laws. These are
• Union List: This list contains subjects of national importance on which only the Central
Government forms laws. Some of these are defence, foreign affairs, banking and
currency. It is important to form uniform laws on these subjects.
• State List: This list includes subjects of state and local importance such as agriculture,
irrigation, trade and police. State governments form laws on these subjects.
• Concurrent List: Subjects related to the interests of both Central and State Governments
are included in this list. This includes forest, education, trade unions and marriage. In
case there are conflicts between both wings of the Government, the laws made by the
Union Government are deemed as final.
Subjects which do not fall in the above lists are known as residuary subjects and fall within
the jurisdiction of the Union Government. In India, all State Governments do not enjoy
equal powers. For example, the state of Jammu and Kashmir enjoys a comparative
autonomous status as it has its own constitution. Some states have little powers such as
Lakshadweep and Daman and Diu. These are known as Union Territories. The Union
Government has greater power over these territories.
Practice of Federalism
In India, federalism has become successful because of following reasons:
Creation of Linguistic States
• After the independence of India in 1947, many states were created based on the
languages which were spoken by the people such as Maharashtra, Punjab and West
Bengal.
• Some states were created because of their unique geographical position, cultural, ethnic

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identities such as Uttarakhand, Nagaland and Jharkhand.

Language Policy
• After Independence, there was a great deal of confusion as to which language should be
the official language of the country. While Hindi-speaking states wanted Hindi to be
declared as the national language, many non-speaking states wanted English to remain
as the official language of the country.
• The leaders of our country adopted a very cautious attitude while forming the language
policy. Hindi, which is spoken by about 40% of our population, was declared as the
official language. Many languages were also recognised as Scheduled Languages by the
Constitution. Apart from Hindi, there are 21 scheduled languages.
• Candidates appearing for any Central exams may opt to write exams in any one of these
scheduled languages.
• States have their own official languages, and all government work is done in the official
language of the concerned state.
Such kind of an arrangement has helped in preserving the culture of many linguistic groups
and has maintained the diversity of our country.
Centre-State Relations
• After Independence, there were only few parties which formed governments at the
centre and at the state levels. When rival parties formed the Government at the state
level, the Central Government tried to misuse its powers by dismissing the State
Governments. This weakened the federal spirit of our constitution.
• However, the condition improved after 1990 when many regional parties emerged in
different states.
• This also marked the beginning of the coalition government. Two or more parties
formed the Government at the centre in the absence of a clear majority. This led to a
new era of power sharing and respecting the independent working of the State
Governments.
Thus, the principle of sharing of power has become more effective today than it was in the
earlier years after Independence.
Decentralisation in India
Apart from the Central and the State Governments, when the powers are also given to the
local bodies such as municipal corporation or panchayats, it is called decentralisation.
Decentralisation of powers is important because certain problems of the people can be
effectively solved by the local bodies as the latter has a better idea of the problems which
are faced by people at the local level.
In 1992, the Constitution was amended to make local government more powerful and
responsible. These are

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• It is obligatory to hold elections for choosing members of local governmental

institutions.
• Seats are reserved for people belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes and
other backward classes in local bodies.
• One-third of the seats are reserved for women.
• State Election Commission was constituted in the states for holding elections in
government bodies.
• It is mandatory for the State Governments to share powers and revenues with local
bodies.
Structure of Local Bodies
Panchayati Raj
• Local bodies in villages are known as Panchayati Raj. Each village, or a group of villages
in some States, has a gram panchayat. This is a council consisting of several ward
members, often called panch, and a president or sarpanch. They are directly elected by
all the adult population living in a village or ward. Gram Panchayat is the decision-
making body for the entire village.
• The Panchayat works under the overall supervision of the Gram Sabha. All the voters in
the village are its members. It has to meet at least twice or thrice in a year to approve
the annual budget of the gram panchayat and to review the performance of the Gram
Panchayat.
• At the district level, many panchayats form a body known as panchayat samiti or block
or mandals. The member of Panchayat Samiti representative are elected by all the
Panchayat members in that area.
• All panchayat samitis or mandals in the district collectively constitute the Zilla Parishad.
All members of the Zilla Parishad are elected. MLAs and members of the Lok Sabha are
also members of the Zilla Parishad.

Zilla
Parishad
(District level)

Panchayat Samiti
(Block Level)
Gram Panchayat
(Village Level)

Municipal Corporations
• Urban local bodies in small towns are known as municipalities. Large cities have
municipal corporations. Both local bodies consist of representatives elected by the

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people.
• The Municipal Chairperson is the head of the municipality, while the Mayor is the head
of the Municipal Corporation.
This new system of local government is the largest experiment in democracy conducted
anywhere in the world. Constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen
democracy in our country. It has also increased women’s representation and voice in our
democracy.

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Important Questions
Multiple Choice questions-
1. The System of Panchayati Raj involves
(a) The village, block and district levels
(b) The village, and state levels
(c) The village district and state levels
(d) The village, state and Union levels
2. In case of a clash between the laws made by the centre and a state on a subject in
the concurrent list:
(a) the state law prevails.
(b) the central law prevails.
(c) both the laws prevail within their respective jurisdictions.
(d) the Supreme Court has to intervene to decide.
3. Which of the following subjects is not included in the state list?
(a) Law and order
(b) National defence
(c) Education
(d) Agriculture
4. In India’s federal system, the state governments have the power to legislate on all
those subjects which are included in the:
(a) Union list
(b) State list
(c) Concurrent list
(d) Residuary subjects
5. The Constitution of India
(a) divided powers between Centre and states in three lists.
(b) divided powers between Centre and states in two lists.
(c) listed the powers of the states and left the undefined powers to the state.
(d) Specified the powers of the states and left the residuary powers with the Centre.
6. Which of the following government has two or more levels?
(a) Community Government
(b) Coalition Government
(c) Federal Government
(d) Unitary Government
7. Which of the following countries is an example of “coming together federation”?
(a) U.S.A
(b) India
(c) Spain

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(d) Belgium
8. Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Which of the
following holds true in the case of India?
(a) The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
(b) Language based states have divided us by making everyone conscious of their
language.
(c) The language policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over
all other languages.
9. Consider the following statements on the practice of federalism in India. Identify
those which hold true for decentralisation after 1992.
A. Local governments did not have any power or resources of their own.
B. It became constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to local government
bodies.
C. The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local
government bodies.
D. No seats are reserved in the elected bodies for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes
and other backward classes.
(a) B and C
(b) A and C
(c) A and D
(d) B and D
10. In a ‘Holding together federation’:
A. A large country divides its power between constituent states and the national
government.
B. The Central government tends to be more powerful vis-a-vis the States.
C. All the constituent states usually have equal powers.
D. Constituent states have unequal powers.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) A, B, C and D
(b) A and D
(c) B and C
(d) A, B and D
11. Which among the following are examples of ‘Coming together federations’?
(a) India, Spain and Belgium
(b) India, USA and Spain
(c) USA, Switzerland and Australia
(d) Belgium and Sri Lanka
12. The Union List includes subjects such as:
(a) Education, forests, trade unions, marriages, adoption and succession.

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(b) Police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation.

(c) Residuary subjects like computer software.
(d) Defense, foreign affairs, banking, currency, communications.
13. The system of Panchayati Raj involves:
(a) Village, State and Union levels
(b) Village, District and State levels
(c) Village and State levels
(d) Village, Block and District levels
14. Which one of the following States in India has its own Constitution?
(a) Uttarakhand
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) J & K
(d) Nagaland
15. Match the following:
Column A Column B

(A) Union Territory (i) Decision-making body for the entire village

(B) Local self (ii) An alliance of more than government two parties

(C) Coalition (iii) Representatives’ government body at the district level

(D) Zila Parishad (iv) Area which is run by the Union / Central government

(a) A – (ii), B – (iii), C – (iv) and D – (i)

(b) A – (iv), B – (i), C – (iii) and D – (ii)
(c) A – (iv), B – (i), C – (ii) and D – (iii)
(d) A – (iv), B – (iii), C – (ii) and D – (i)
Very Short-
1. Name the Indian state that has its own constitution.
2. What is federalism?
3. What is Unitary Government?
4. Define Gram Panchayat?
5. What is Panchayat Samiti?
6. Define Zila Parishad?
7. What is Mayor?

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8. The Subjects like-Defense, Banking and Communication are come under which list?
9. Point out one feature in the practice of federation in India that is similar from that
of Belgium.
10. Point out one feature in the practice of federation in India that is different from to
that of Belgium.
Short Questions-
1. Why is the central government of India not compelling states to adopt Hindi as their
official language?
2. Contrast a federal system of government with a unitary set-up with examples.
3. Highlight the two types of routs through which the federations are formed. Give
example.
4. Explain the role of union list, state list and concurrent list with context to India.
5. What are significances of Panchayat Raj?
6. Explain the organization of the local government bodies of urban areas.
7. Differentiate between Federal Government and the Unitary Government.
8. How federalism leads to reservation of seats for different caste groups?
9. What was the Amendment in regard to decentralization?
10. How is the Federal government better than a Unitary Government? Explain with
the example of Belgium and Sri Lanka.
Long Questions-
1. Explain five changes towards decentralization brought in the Constitution after the
Amendments made in 1992.
2. Is it right to say that India is federal country but the word federalism is not used
anywhere in the constitution? Explain.
3. What is the rationale for decentralization of power? Explain the structure of Rural
local government in India.
4. How is the Federal government better than a Unitary Government? Explain with the
example of Belgium and Sri Lanka.
Assertion Reason Questions:
1. DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:
a. If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
b. If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
c. Assertion (A) is true, but reason (R) is false.

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d. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Assertion(A): When power is taken away from central and state governments and given to
local governments it is called decentralisation.
Reason(R): At least one third of all positions are reserved for women in local government
bodies.
2. DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:
a. If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
b. If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
c. Assertion (A) is true, but reason (R) is false.
d. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.
Assertion(A): Belgium shifted from a federal form of government to a unitary
government.
Reason(R): Usually, a federation has two levels of government.
Cash Study Questions:
1. Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
The need for decentralisation was recognised in our Constitution. Since then, there
have been several attempts to decentralise power to the level of villages and
towns. Panchayat in villages and municipalities in urban areas were set up in all the
States. But these were directly under the control of state governments. Elections
to these local governments were not held regularly. Local governments did not
have any powers or resources of their own. Thus, there was very little
decentralisation in effective terms.
A major step towards decentralisation was taken in 1992. The Constitution was
amended to make the third tier of democracy more powerful and effective. Now it
is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these
institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward
Classes. At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women. An independent
institution called the State Election Commission has been created in each State to
conduct panchayat and municipal elections. The State governments are required to
share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of
sharing varies from State to State.
i. What is the basic idea behind decentralization?
a. There are a large number of problems and issues which are best
settled at the local level.

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b. Besides, at the local level it is possible for the people to directly

participate in decision making. This helps to inculcate a habit of
democratic participation.
c. Local government is the best way to realise one important principle of
democracy, namely local self-government.
d. All the above.
ii. Consider the following statements on the practice of federalism in India.
Identify those which hold true for decentralisation after 1992.
a. B and C
b. A and C
c. A and D
d. B and D
iii. In local self-government institutions at least one-third of all positions are
reserved for.
a. Men.
b. Women.
c. Scheduled caste.
d. Scheduled tribe.
iv. Which of these is incorrect, based on the Constitutional Amendment,
1992?
a. One-fourth of positions are reserved for women.
b. Regular elections should be held to the local government bodies.
c. Seats are reserved for SCs, STs and OBCs.
d. State Election Commission looks after these elections.
2. Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
The creation of linguistic States was the first and a major test for democratic
politics in our country. Many old States have vanished, and many new States have
been created. Areas, boundaries, and names of the States have been changed. In
1947, the boundaries of several old States of India were changed in order to create
new States. This was done to ensure that people who spoke the same language
lived in the same State. Some States were created not on the basis of language but
to recognise differences based on culture, ethnicity or geography. These include
States like Nagaland, Uttarakhand, and Jharkhand. When the demand for the
formation of States on the basis of language was raised, some national leaders
feared that it would lead to the disintegration of the country. The Central
Government resisted linguistic States for some time. But the experience has shown

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that the formation of linguistic States has actually made the country, more united.
It has also made administration easier.
i. Select the two bases on which new states of India have been created.
a. Religion and geography.
b. Language and regional culture.
c. Culture and religion.
d. Language and community.
ii. Which state of India was first form on the bases of language?
a. Karnataka.
b. Tamil Nadu.
c. Andhra Pradesh.
d. Telangana.
iii. Here are four reactions to the language policy followed in India. Which are
true in the case of India?
a. Language based states have divided us by making everyone conscious
of their language.
b. The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
c. The language policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of
English over all other languages.
d. It lead to the disintegration of the country.
iv. Which was the first test for democratic politics in our Country?
a. Caste problem.
b. Language problem.
c. Problems related to union territories.
d. Creation of linguistic state.
MCQ Answers-
1. Answer: a
2. Answer: b
3. Answer: b
4. Answer: b
5. Answer: a
6. Answer: c
7. Answer: a

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8. Answer: a
9. Answer: a
10.Answer: d
11.Answer: c
12.Answer: d
13.Answer: d
14.Answer: c
15.Answer: c
Very Short Answers-
1. Ans. Jammu and Kashmir
2. Ans. Federalism is a system of government, under which power is divided between
a central authority and its various constituent units.
3. Ans. In unitary government there is only one level of government and if sub units
are there, that are subordinate to the central government.
4. Ans. It is council consisting of several ward members at village level, often called
the Panch and the head is Sarpanch.
5. Ans. A few Gram Panchayats are grouped together to form a Panchayat Samiti or
Block or a Mandal.
6. Ans. All the panchayat Samitis or Mandals in a district together constitute the Zila
Parishad.
7. Ans. Mayor is the head of a Municipal Corporation.
8. Ans. Union List
9. Ans. In both countries there are two or more levels of Government.
10.Ans. In Belgium Community Government is there, but in India such type of
provision is not there.
Short Answers-
1. Ans.
a) India is multilingual country. According to the census of 1991 recorded more than
1500 distinct languages, people mentioned their mother tongues.
b) Hindi is mother tongue of only 40% of the people of India.
c) There are 21 languages recognized by the constitution.
d) In states of Southern India there has been violent opposition to Hindi.
2. Ans.
a) Federalism has at least two levels of government.

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b) The central government is responsible for subjects of national importance.

c) The state government looks after the daily administration of the states.
d) In Unitary system there is only one level of government and if any subunits are
there that remains subordinate to the central government.
3. Ans.
a) When independent states come together and form a federation is coming
together route. Example: USA, Switzerland and Australia.
b) When a country decides to divide its power between the constituent state and the
national government that is holding together route. Example: India, Spain and
Belgium.
4. Ans.
a) Union list includes those subjects which are of national interest and on which a
uniform policy is needed in the whole country. The Union Government makes laws
on these subjects. Example, defense, foreign affairs and banking.
b) State list includes subjects of state and local importance example, police, trade,
agriculture etc.
c) Concurrent list includes subjects of common interest to the Union Government
and the State Government, Example: Education, forest etc.
5. Ans.
a) It is the third level of Indian Federal System.
b) This level gives a chance to the people to become the representatives of people.
c) There are 36 lakhs elected representatives in the local bodies.
d) There is reservation for women, SCs and STs.
e) They strengthen the democratic system of India.
6. Ans.
a) Local Government bodies exist in urban areas also. In Towns there are
municipalities and in big cities there are municipal corporations.
b) Both municipalities and municipal corporations are controlled by elected bodies
consisting of people’s representatives.
c) Municipality is headed by the chairman and Municipal Corporation is headed by
the Mayor.
7. Ans.
a) In the unitary system power is centered with the central authority and in federal
system, power is allotted to the state and local level government.
b) In Federal system power is allocated separately to the central and state level
governments. In Unitary system there is no separate unit of the government.

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c) In Federal system the focus is on national and state issues and in unitary system,
the focus is completely on gaining power.
d) In country like France, Italy, Japan and UK use unitary system. The countries like
US, Canada, Argentina, Australia, Austria, India, and Switzerland use federal system
of government.
8. Ans.
a) Federalism means sharing power among the central and non central authorities. it
seeks to give equal representation to all the constituent units.
b) Even in the constituent units or in states, there is diversity in the population with
respect to language, religion, caste and culture.
c) To give equal opportunity and voice to various social groups, there is reservation
for some categories like SCs, STs, OBCs and women in some areas.
d) This reservation aims to give power to the socially weaker sections of the society
to give them an equal chance and representation in the political system.
9. Ans.
a) In 1992, 73rd Amendment Act gave constituent status to the Panchayati raj
institution.
b) It created the third tier of federalism in India below the central government level
and the state government level.
c)The Objective of this Amendment was to make democracy more powerful and
effective by giving power to the grassroots units of self government.
10. Ans.
a) If we study the main difference between the federal and the unitary governments,
in the present times the federal governments certainly score over the unitary
governments, especially when people of different religions, castes and cultures
resides in one and same country.
b) In chapter Power Sharing we have seen how a unitary form of government has
proved a failure in Sri Lanka while a federal type of government has proved a great
success in Belgium.
c) In Sri Lanka Unitary government fails to solve the dispute of different sections of
the society but in Belgium the federal government gives equal respect to the
demands of different sections of the society.
d) In Belgium all types of people have been accommodated while in Majoritarianism
has been thrust upon the people especially over the minority community in Sri
Lanka.
Long Answers-
Answer 1.

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• Decentralization: When power is taken from central and state governments and is
given to local government, it is called decentralization. The Constitution was
amended in 1992 to make the third tier of democracy more powerful and effective.
• Provisions of the Constitutional Amendment of 1992 are:
(i) Now it is mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
(ii) Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these
institutions for SCs, STs and OBCs.
(iii) At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women.
(iv) An independent institution called State Election Commission has been created in
each state to conduct panchayat and municipal elections.
(v) The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with
local government bodies.
Answer 2.
• India had emerged as an independent nation after a painful and bloody partition.
• Soon after independence several princely states become a part of the country.
• The constitution declared India as a Union of States.
• Although it did not use the word federation, the Indian Union is based on the
principles of federalism.
• India is fulfilling all the requirements which are required for a federal country.
Answer 3.
The basic idea behind decentralization:
• Large number of problems and issues are best settled at the local level because
people have
better knowledge of their local problems.
• It helps in promoting direct participation.
Structure of Rural Local Government:
• Zila Parishad: All the mandals in a district together constitute the Zila Parishad.
Most of the members are elected and headed by a chairperson.
• Panchayat Samiti or Mandal or Block: The members of this body are elected by the
entire panchayat members in that area. A few Gram Panchayats are grouped
together to form this government body.
• Gram Panchayat: A council consisting of several ward members often called Panch.
The president is called sarpanch. It is the decision-making body for the entire village.
Answer 4.
a) If we study the main difference between the federal and the unitary governments,
in the present times the federal governments certainly score over the unitary

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governments, especially when people of different religions, castes and cultures

resides in one and same country.
b) In chapter Power Sharing we have seen how a unitary form of government has
proved a failure in Sri Lanka while a federal type of government has proved a great
success in Belgium.
c) In Sri Lanka Unitary government fails to solve the dispute of different sections of
the society but in Belgium the federal government gives equal respect to the
demands of different sections of the society.
d) In Belgium all types of people have been accommodated while in Majoritarianism
has been thrust upon the people especially over the minority community in Sri
Lanka.
Assertion Reason Answer:
1. (b) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
2. (d) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.
Case Study Answer:
1. i (b) Besides, at the local level it is possible for the people to directly participate
in decision making. This helps to inculcate a habit of democratic participation.
ii. (c) A and D
iii. (d) Scheduled tribe.
iv. (d) State Election Commission looks after these elections.
2. i (a) Religion and geography.
ii. (b) Tamil Nadu.
iii. (c) The language policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of
English over all other languages.
iv. (c) Problems related to union territories.

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Additionally, benefit from expert tips, practical advice, and study hacks designed to enhance
performance in both CBSE exams and competitive entrance tests.

Don’t miss out—join today and take the first step toward academic excellence!

Join the Teachers and Students

Group by Clicking the Link Below
JOIN OUR
WHATSAPP
GROUPS
FOR FREE EDUCATIONAL
RESOURCES
JOIN SCHOOL OF EDUCATORS WHATSAPP GROUPS
FOR FREE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
We are thrilled to introduce the School of Educators WhatsApp Group, a
platform designed exclusively for educators to enhance your teaching & Learning
experience and learning outcomes. Here are some of the key benefits you can
expect from joining our group:

BENEFITS OF SOE WHATSAPP GROUPS

Abundance of Content: Members gain access to an extensive repository of

educational materials tailored to their class level. This includes various formats such
as PDFs, Word files, PowerPoint presentations, lesson plans, worksheets, practical
tips, viva questions, reference books, smart content, curriculum details, syllabus,
marking schemes, exam patterns, and blueprints. This rich assortment of resources
enhances teaching and learning experiences.

Immediate Doubt Resolution: The group facilitates quick clarification of doubts.

Members can seek assistance by sending messages, and experts promptly respond
to queries. This real-time interaction fosters a supportive learning environment
where educators and students can exchange knowledge and address concerns
effectively.

Access to Previous Years' Question Papers and Topper Answers: The group
provides access to previous years' question papers (PYQ) and exemplary answer
scripts of toppers. This resource is invaluable for exam preparation, allowing
individuals to familiarize themselves with the exam format, gain insights into scoring
techniques, and enhance their performance in assessments.
 Free and Unlimited Resources: Members enjoy the benefit of accessing an array of
educational resources without any cost restrictions. Whether its study materials,
teaching aids, or assessment tools, the group offers an abundance of resources
tailored to individual needs. This accessibility ensures that educators and students
have ample support in their academic endeavors without financial constraints.

Instant Access to Educational Content: SOE WhatsApp groups are a platform where
teachers can access a wide range of educational content instantly. This includes study
materials, notes, sample papers, reference materials, and relevant links shared by
group members and moderators.

Timely Updates and Reminders: SOE WhatsApp groups serve as a source of timely
updates and reminders about important dates, exam schedules, syllabus changes, and
academic events. Teachers can stay informed and well-prepared for upcoming
assessments and activities.

Interactive Learning Environment: Teachers can engage in discussions, ask questions,

and seek clarifications within the group, creating an interactive learning environment.
This fosters collaboration, peer learning, and knowledge sharing among group
members, enhancing understanding and retention of concepts.

Access to Expert Guidance: SOE WhatsApp groups are moderated by subject matter
experts, teachers, or experienced educators can benefit from their guidance,
expertise, and insights on various academic topics, exam strategies, and study
techniques.

Join the School of Educators WhatsApp Group today and unlock a world of resources,
support, and collaboration to take your teaching to new heights. To join, simply click
on the group links provided below or send a message to +91-95208-77777 expressing
your interest.

Together, let's empower ourselves & Our Students and

inspire the next generation of learners.

Best Regards,
Team
School of Educators
 Join School of Educators WhatsApp Groups

You will get Pre- Board Papers PDF, Word file, PPT, Lesson Plan, Worksheet, practical
tips and Viva questions, reference books, smart content, curriculum, syllabus,
marking scheme, toppers answer scripts, revised exam pattern, revised syllabus,
Blue Print etc. here . Join Your Subject / Class WhatsApp Group.

Kindergarten to Class XII (For Teachers Only)

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

Class 4 Class 5 Class 6

Class 7 Class 8 Class 9

Class 10 Class 11 (Science) Class 11 (Humanities)

Class 11 (Commerce) Class 12 (Science) Class 12 (Humanities)

Class 12 (Commerce) Kindergarten

Subject Wise Secondary and Senior Secondary Groups
(IX & X For Teachers Only)
Secondary Groups (IX & X)

SST Mathematics Science

English Hindi-A IT Code-402

Hindi-B Artificial Intelligence

Senior Secondary Groups (XI & XII For Teachers Only)

Physics Chemistry English

Mathematics Biology Accountancy

Economics BST History

 Geography Sociology Hindi Elective

Hindi Core Home Science Sanskrit

Psychology Political Science Painting

Vocal Music Comp. Science IP

Physical Education APP. Mathematics Legal Studies

Entrepreneurship French IT

Artificial Intelligence

Other Important Groups (For Teachers & Principal’s)

Principal’s Group Teachers Jobs IIT/NEET

 Join School of Educators WhatsApp Groups

You will get Pre- Board Papers PDF, Word file, PPT, Lesson Plan, Worksheet, practical
tips and Viva questions, reference books, smart content, curriculum, syllabus,
marking scheme, toppers answer scripts, revised exam pattern, revised syllabus,
Blue Print etc. here . Join Your Subject / Class WhatsApp Group.

Kindergarten to Class XII (For Students Only)

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

Class 4 Class 5 Class 6

Class 7 Class 8 Class 9

Class 10 Class 11 (Science) Class 11 (Humanities)

Class 11 (Commerce) Class 12 (Science) Class 12 (Humanities)

Class 12 (Commerce) Artificial Intelligence

(VI TO VIII)
Subject Wise Secondary and Senior Secondary Groups
(IX & X For Students Only)
Secondary Groups (IX & X)

SST Mathematics Science

English Hindi IT Code

Artificial Intelligence

Senior Secondary Groups (XI & XII For Students Only)

Physics Chemistry English

Mathematics Biology Accountancy

Economics BST History

 Geography Sociology Hindi Elective

Hindi Core Home Science Sanskrit

Psychology Political Science Painting

Music Comp. Science IP

Physical Education APP. Mathematics Legal Studies

Entrepreneurship French IT

AI IIT/NEET CUET
Groups Rules & Regulations:
To maximize the benefits of these WhatsApp groups, follow these guidelines:

1. Share your valuable resources with the group.

2. Help your fellow educators by answering their queries.
3. Watch and engage with shared videos in the group.
4. Distribute WhatsApp group resources among your students.
5. Encourage your colleagues to join these groups.

Additional notes:
1. Avoid posting messages between 9 PM and 7 AM.
2. After sharing resources with students, consider deleting outdated data if necessary.
3. It's a NO Nuisance groups, single nuisance and you will be removed.
No introductions.
No greetings or wish messages.
No personal chats or messages.
No spam. Or voice calls
Share and seek learning resources only.

Please only share and request learning resources. For assistance,

contact the helpline via WhatsApp: +91-95208-77777.
 Join Premium WhatsApp Groups
Ultimate Educational Resources!!

Join our premium groups and just Rs. 1000 and gain access to all our exclusive
materials for the entire academic year. Whether you're a student in Class IX, X, XI, or
XII, or a teacher for these grades, Artham Resources provides the ultimate tools to
enhance learning. Pay now to delve into a world of premium educational content!

Click here for more details

Class 9 Class 10 Class 11

Class 12

📣 Don't Miss Out! Elevate your academic journey with top-notch study materials and secure
your path to top scores! Revolutionize your study routine and reach your academic goals with
our comprehensive resources. Join now and set yourself up for success! 📚🌟

Best Wishes,

Team
School of Educators & Artham Resources
 SKILL MODULES BEING OFFERED IN
MIDDLE SCHOOL

Artificial Intelligence Beauty & Wellness Design Thinking & Financial Literacy
Innovation

Handicrafts Information Technology Marketing/Commercial Mass Media - Being Media

Application Literate

Data Science (Class VIII Augmented Reality /

Travel & Tourism Coding
only) Virtual Reality

Digital Citizenship Life Cycle of Medicine & Things you should know What to do when Doctor
Vaccine about keeping Medicines is not around
at home

Humanity & Covid-19 Blue Pottery Pottery Block Printing

 Food Food Preservation Baking Herbal Heritage

Khadi Mask Making Mass Media Making of a Graphic

Novel

Kashmiri Embroidery Satellites

Rockets
Embroidery

Application of Photography
Satellites
SKILL SUBJECTS AT SECONDARY LEVEL (CLASSES IX – X)

Retail Information Technology Automotive

Security

Introduction To Financial Introduction To Tourism Beauty & Wellness Agriculture

Markets

Food Production Front Office Operations Banking & Insurance Marketing & Sales

Health Care Apparel Multi Media Multi Skill Foundation

Course

Artificial Intelligence
Physical Activity Trainer Electronics & Hardware
Data Science
(NEW)

Foundation Skills For Sciences Design Thinking & Innovation (NEW)

(Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology)(NEW)
 SKILL SUBJECTS AT SR. SEC. LEVEL
(CLASSES XI – XII)

Retail InformationTechnology Web Application Automotive

Financial Markets Management Tourism Beauty & Wellness Agriculture

Food Production Front Office Operations Banking Marketing

Health Care Insurance Horticulture Typography & Comp.

Application

Geospatial Technology Electrical Technology Electronic Technology Multi-Media

 Taxation Cost Accounting Office Procedures & Shorthand (English)
Practices

Shorthand (Hindi) Air-Conditioning & Medical Diagnostics Textile Design

Refrigeration

Salesmanship Business Food Nutrition &

Design
Administration Dietetics

Mass Media Studies Library & Information Fashion Studies Applied Mathematics
Science

Yoga Early Childhood Care & Artificial Intelligence Data Science

Education

Physical Activity Land Transportation Electronics & Design Thinking &

Trainer(new) Associate (NEW) Hardware (NEW) Innovation (NEW)
 Join School of Educators Signal Groups

You will get Pre- Board Papers PDF, Word file, PPT, Lesson Plan, Worksheet, practical
tips and Viva questions, reference books, smart content, curriculum, syllabus,
marking scheme, toppers answer scripts, revised exam pattern, revised syllabus,
Blue Print etc. here . Join Your Subject / Class signal Group.

Kindergarten to Class XII

Class 2 Class 3
Class 1

Class 5 Class 6
Class 4

Class 7 Class 8 Class 9

Class 10 Class 11 (Science) Class 11 (Humanities)

Class 11 (Commerce) Class 12 (Science) Class 12 (Humanities)

Class 12 (Commerce) Kindergarten Artifical intelligence

 Subject Wise Secondary and Senior Secondary
Groups IX & X

Secondary Groups (IX & X)

SST Mathematics Science

Hindi-B
English Hindi-A

IT Artifical intelligence
IT Code-402

Senior Secondary Groups XI & XII

Physics Chemistry English

Biology Accountancy
Mathematics

BST History
Economics
 Geography Sociology Hindi Elective

Hindi Core Home Science Sanskrit

Psychology Political Science Painting

IP
Vocal Music Comp. Science

Physical Education APP. Mathematics Legal Studies

IIT/NEET
Entrepreneurship French

Artifical intelligence CUET

 Join School of Educators CBSE Telegram Groups

Kindergarten

All classes Class 1 Class 2

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5

Class 6 Class 7 Class 8

Class 9 Class 10 Class 11 (Sci)

Class 11 (Com) Class 11 (Hum) Class 12 (Sci)

Class 12 (Com) Class 12 (Hum) JEE/NEET

CUET NDA, OLYMPIAD, NTSE Principal Professional Group

Teachers Professional Group Project File Group

Join School of Educators ICSE Telegram Groups

Kindergarten Class 1 Class 2

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5

Class 6 Class 7 Class 8

Class 9 Class 10 Class 11 (Sci)

Class 11 (Com) Class 11 (Hum) Class 12 (Sci)

Class 12 (Com) Class 12 (Hum)

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