CE 402 -

Strength of
Materials
Simple Stress
(Shear & Bearing)
Shear Stress, 𝝉
• Forces parallel to the area resisting the force cause shearing stress
• Shearing stress is also known as tangential stress (𝝉)

Vy
Vx
𝑽
𝝉=
𝑨
; where V is the resultant shearing force which passes which passes through the centroid
of the area A being sheared
Shear Stress
𝑽
𝝉=
𝑨
𝑽
𝑷
AREA

𝑽 𝑷 = 𝟐𝑽
𝑷
𝑷
AREA
𝑽 =
𝟐 Double Shear
𝑷
𝑽 𝝉 =
𝟐𝑨
𝑷=𝑽
𝑷
𝝉 = 𝐀 = 𝑪𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒎𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒙 𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒄𝒌𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔
𝑨
𝑽
Single Shear 𝝉 =
𝝅𝒅𝒕
Simple Stress (Shear and Bearing Stresses)
Problem 1
What force is required to punch a 20-mm-diameter hole in a plate that is
25mm thick? The shear strength of the plate is 350MPa.

𝑽
𝝉 =
𝑨
𝑽
𝝉=
𝝅 𝑫 (𝒕)
𝟔
𝑷
𝟑𝟓𝟎𝒙𝟏𝟎 =
𝟏 𝟐𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝝅 𝟐𝟎𝒎𝒎 (𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎)( )^𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎
𝑽 = 𝟓𝟒𝟗, 𝟕𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟏𝟒𝟒𝑵
𝑽 = 𝟓𝟒𝟗. 𝟕𝒌𝑵
Simple Stress (Axial Stresses)
Problem 2
The frame supports the loading shown. The pin at A has diameter of 0.25in. If it is
subjected to double shear, determine the average shear stress in the pin.

𝑨𝑿 𝑽 DOUBLE SHEAR
𝝉=
𝑷 𝑨 𝑷
𝑨𝒀 𝝉=
𝟐𝑨
෍ 𝑴𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝟒 + 𝑨𝒙 𝟑 𝝉 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒍𝒃𝒔
𝝅
𝟐 ( )(𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟐 )
𝟒
𝑨𝒙 = 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝒍𝒃𝒔 𝝉 = 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟖𝟓. 𝟗𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟔𝒑𝒔𝒊
𝑩𝒙 𝑨𝒚 = 𝟔𝟎𝟎𝒍𝒃𝒔 𝝉 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟓 𝒌𝒔𝒊

𝑽 𝑹 = 𝑷𝑨 = 𝑨𝒙 𝟐 + 𝑨𝒀 𝟐
𝑽
𝑷𝑨 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒍𝒃𝒔

𝑨
Bearing Stress, 𝝈𝒃
• Bearing stress is the contact pressure between the separate bodies.
• If two bodies are pressed against each other, compressive forces are
developed on the area of contact.

𝑷𝒃
P Pb 𝝈𝒃 =
𝑨

𝑷𝒃 < 𝑷, 𝒊𝒇 𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕

𝑷 𝑷𝑩 𝑷𝒃 = 𝑷, 𝒊𝒇 𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕
Simple Stress (Shear and Bearing Stresses)
Problem 3
The lap joint shown in the figure is fastened by four rivets ¾ inches diameter. Find
the maximum load P that can be applied if the working stress for shear is 14ksi in
the rivet and 18ksi for the bearing plate. Assume that the applied load is
distributed evenly among the four rivets and neglect friction between plates.

𝝉 = 𝟏𝟒𝒌𝒔𝒊 𝑷𝒃
𝝈𝒃 = 𝟏𝟖𝒌𝒔𝒊 𝝈𝒃 =
𝑨
𝑷/𝟒
𝑽 𝝈𝒃 =
𝑨
𝝉= 𝑨𝑩 = 𝒅𝒕
𝑨
𝒍𝒃 𝑷/𝟒 𝒍𝒃 𝑷/𝟒
𝟏𝟒, 𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟐 = 𝝅 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟐 =
𝒊𝒏 𝟕
𝒊𝒏 ( )(𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝒊𝒏)𝟐 (𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝒊𝒏)(𝟖 𝒊𝒏)
𝟒
𝑷
𝑷 = 𝟐𝟒, 𝟕𝟒𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝒍𝒃𝒔 𝑷 = 𝟒𝟕, 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝒍𝒃𝒔
𝑷 𝑷 𝟒 𝑷
𝟒 𝑷 𝟒 𝑷 = 𝟐𝟒, 𝟕𝟒𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝒍𝒃𝒔
𝟒
Simple Stress (Axial Stresses)
Problem 4
The 20mm diameter bolt fastens two wooden planks together. The nut is tightened
until the tensile stress in bolt is 150MPa. Find the smallest safe diameter d of the
washer if the working bearing stress for wood is 13MPa.

AXIAL STRESS BEARING STRESS

𝑷 𝑽
𝝈= 𝝈𝒃 =
𝑨 𝑨
𝑷 𝟔
𝟒𝟕, 𝟏𝟐𝟑. 𝟖𝟖𝟗𝟖𝑵
𝟏𝟓𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂 = 𝟏𝟑𝒙𝟏𝟎 𝑷𝒂 = 𝝅
𝟐𝟎𝒎𝒎 𝟐 ( )(𝑫𝟐 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐)𝟐
𝝅( ) 𝟒
𝟐
𝑷
𝟏𝟓𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂 = 𝐃 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟏𝟗𝒎
𝟐𝟎𝒎𝒎 𝟐
𝝅( ) 𝐃 = 𝟕𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝒎𝒎
𝟐
𝑷 = 𝟒𝟕, 𝟏𝟐𝟑. 𝟖𝟖𝟗𝟖𝑵

A=
- =
Simple Stress (Shear and Bearing)
Activity 2
The lap joint is connected by three 20mm diameter rivets. Assuming that the axial
load is P=50kN is distributed equally among the three rivets, find (a) the shear stress
in a rivet; (b) the bearing stress between a plate and rivet and (c) the maximum
average tensile stress in each plate. Thickness of each plate = 25mm.

130mm

A. 53.052 MPa
B. 33.33 MPa
C. 18.18 MPa