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ACN Repeated Questions Expanded Answers Part1

The document outlines key differences between IPv4 and IPv6, including address length, configuration methods, and security features. It also describes the IPv6 packet format and compares email protocols SMTP and POP3, as well as the functionality of TELNET and the differences between TCP and UDP. Overall, it provides a concise overview of various networking concepts and protocols.

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2 views2 pages

ACN Repeated Questions Expanded Answers Part1

The document outlines key differences between IPv4 and IPv6, including address length, configuration methods, and security features. It also describes the IPv6 packet format and compares email protocols SMTP and POP3, as well as the functionality of TELNET and the differences between TCP and UDP. Overall, it provides a concise overview of various networking concepts and protocols.

Uploaded by

userid13042006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Computer Networks - Repeated Questions & Expanded Answers

1. Difference between IPv4 and IPv6

Feature | IPv4 | IPv6

Address Length | 32 bits (4 bytes) | 128 bits (16 bytes)

Header Checksum | Includes a checksum field | Does not include checksum,

simplifying processing

Address Notation | Written in dotted decimal format (e.g., 192.168.1.1) | Written in hexadecimal

format (e.g., 2001:db8::1)

Deployment | Deployed in 1981 | Deployed in 1999

Configuration | Manual or via DHCP | Stateless address auto-configuration is

possible (no DHCP)

Fragmentation | Both routers and hosts can fragment packets | Only the sending host can

fragment packets

Security | IPsec is optional | IPsec is mandatory, offering built-in security

2. IPv6 Packet Format

Version (4 bits): Always 6 for IPv6.

Traffic Class (8 bits): Prioritizes traffic.

Flow Label (20 bits): Identifies packet flows.

Payload Length (16 bits): Size of the data portion.

Next Header (8 bits): Type of next header (e.g., TCP).

Hop Limit (8 bits): Like TTL in IPv4.

Source & Destination Address: 128-bit IPv6 addresses.

Extension Headers: Hop-by-Hop, Routing, Fragment, Authentication, ESP.


3. Compare SMTP and POP3

SMTP is used to send emails, works as a push protocol, and uses ports 25, 465, 587.

POP3 is for retrieving emails, a pull protocol, using ports 110, 995.

SMTP commands include HELO, MAIL FROM, RCPT TO, DATA, QUIT.

POP3 supports simple retrieval and deletion of mail from the server.

4. Working of TELNET

TELNET allows remote login using TCP/IP (port 23). User input is sent as NVT format and processed by

pseudo-terminals.

Diagram: User -> TELNET Client -> NVT -> TCP/IP -> TELNET Server -> Application

5. Compare TCP and UDP

TCP: Connection-oriented, reliable, uses ACKs, slower due to overhead.

UDP: Connectionless, faster, no ACKs, no guarantee of delivery.

TCP is used in HTTP, FTP. UDP is used in video streaming, DNS.

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