MATA KULIAH:

ENGLISH FOR MATH AND SCIENCE

FORCES AROUND US
Group 1
DOSEN PENGAMPU:
ASIH ROSNANINGSIH, M.PD
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MEMBER OF GROUP 1

HADY FADHILAH PUTRA FAUZAN RICO FERNANDA

ADELLIA AZZAHRA ERISTIAWAN
HASAN MOH WILDAN
2286206019 2286206260 2286206032 2286206169
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
A FORCE

B FRICTION FORCE

C MAGNETIC FORCE
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A. FORCE
Force is a push or pull exerted on an object. To
perform a force, energy is needed. Force and energy
have different meanings, but they are
interconnected. Force cannot be seen, but its
influence can be felt. The pulling and pushing
required energy. Some forces are strong and some
are weak. The greater the force applied, the greater
the power required. The amount of force can be
measured with a tool called a dynamometer. The unit
of force is expressed in Newtons (N).
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SEVERAL FORCES PROPERTIES ARE:

Force can change the position of an object. In
everyday life we encounter many interesting and The force of attraction between molecules of
1 encouraging activities. For example, pulling a cart, 3 different substances is called adhesion.
pushing a table.

Force can change the direction of motion of an

2 object, for example a rapidly moving its 4 The force of attraction between molecules of
the same substance is called cohesion
direction when touched. marble will change.

Force can change the shape of an object. Because there is a force pressing on an
5 object, the object that receives the pressure changes its shape. For example, clay that
is pressed becomes flat.
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B. FRICTION FORCE EXPLAIN

The nature of friction is often used by humans in everyday life
without realizing it. The direction of the friction force is
opposite to the direction of the object's motion. Do you still
remember that force has a direction? Well, frictional force
always has the opposite direction to the motion of the object.
To make it easier, look at the following picture!

EXAMPLE
When lan pushes the container, the muscle force that Ian
exerts is in the direction of the object's motion. However,
the friction force between the container and the floor is
opposite to the direction of the object's motion. If you
look at the arrows in the picture, they are in opposite
directions. This means that every time an object moves
on a surface, there is a frictional force that pushes the
object back.
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B FRICTION FORCE
Pushing a wheelchair is certainly easier than pushing a chair.
This is because these two objects have different surface areas.
How do you find out surface area? This is done by looking at the
area that touches or rubs against the floor when we push it. The
round wheels make the surface area in contact with the floor
smaller than the chair legs. As a result, pushing objects with
wheels is easier than those without wheels. Adding feet is also
one way to reduce surface area. An example is adding legs to a
cupboard. The friction force is influenced by the roughness or
smoothness of the surface.

The friction force is influenced by the roughness or smoothness of

the surface. Look again at the picture that opens the topic in this
chapter. Banu slipped because the floor she was walking on was
slippery. A smooth surface reduces friction while a rough surface
increases friction. Humans then reduce and increase the friction
force to solve various problems. For example, providing lubricant
to the fence wheels will reduce friction so that the fence is easier
to push. Apart from that, you can also add spikes to the soles of
your soccer shoes. The aim is to increase the friction force
between the shoes and the grass so that football players do not
slip easily.
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C. MAGNETIC FORCE
The image shows a magnetic excavator tool. This
tool is a technology created by humans that uses
magnets. Have you ever seen a magnet? What is
unique about magnets that you know? A magnet
is an object made of iron and has a magnetic
force. Magnets have unique properties. This
means that this property is only possessed by
magnetic objects. Let's find out what force a
magnet can exert!
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C. MAGNETIC FORCE
Magnets have two poles. The ends of the
Magnets can attract objects made of iron.
magnet are called poles, namely the North
Magnets themselves are generally made of
pole (U) and the South pole (S). The
iron. However, not all objects can be
strongest magnetic force is at the two poles.
attracted by a magnet. Objects that are not
It means part The pole attracts iron objects
made of iron, such as rubber, Plastic and
the strongest compared to the other side. If
wood cannot be attracted by magnets.
two magnets with similar poles are brought
Apart from iron, magnets can also be used close together, then the magnet will
attracts objects made of nickel and cobalt. mutually reject each other. However, if you
bring it close to two poles different, then
they will attract each other. So, magnets
can pull or push objects.
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C. MAGNETIC FORCE

Magnets can attract objects without touching

them. Generally, a force occurs when they
encounter an object. Like when pushing a fence
or pulling a kite. However, it is different from
magnets. Magnets can attract iron objects
without touching them directly. The closer it
gets, the stronger the pull will be. However, if it
is too far away, the magnet cannot attract the
object. This means that magnets can only work
within a certain distance, depending on the
strength of the magnet.
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LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING PICTURE

Just like when studying energy, humans also use

force to solve many problems. A compass uses a
magnet and functions as a direction indicator.
The refrigerator door uses magnets so it can be
closed more tightly. Maglev trains move faster
and smoother because they use magnets.
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ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

QUESTIONS
1. Force is... 2. Friction occurs when ... 3. A tool that uses magnetic
A. Natural movement of A. Two objects attract each force in its operation is ...
objects other A. Fan
B. A push or pull that can B. Two identical magnetic B. Iron
change the state of an poles are brought close C. Compass
object together D. Blender
C. A loud sound that causes C. Two surfaces of an object
objects to move touch and rub against each
D. Tools for moving objects other
D. An object is pulled by a
magnet
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CONCLUSION
Force, friction, and magnetic force play an
important role in everyday life. Force is a push or
pull that can change the movement or shape of an
object, such as when pushing a table or pulling a
door. Friction occurs when two surfaces touch and
inhibit movement, for example when we walk
without slipping because of the friction between
our shoes and the floor. Meanwhile, magnetic
force is a force generated by a magnet and affects
metal objects, such as when a magnet sticks to a
refrigerator door or is used in an electric motor.
These three types of force help facilitate various
human activities and maintain balance in the
movement of objects around us.
THANK YOU
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