Course
Submitted by: Name:
Circuit
Muhammad Analysis
Hammad Ali (2024-CPE-02)
Department:
Azaz Haider (2024-CPE-18)
Department
Aqsa Irfan (2024-CPE-17)of
Computer Engineering
Hania (2024-CPE-07)
Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan
CIRUIT ANALYSIS PROJ ECT
REPORT
Instructor:
Sir Khurram Baig
Date of Submission:
20th January 2025
1. Project Aim
The Touch Sensor Light Project aims to design and
implement a simple touch-sensitive circuit to control
a light. The project demonstrates the practical
application of touch-based technology using
minimal components to create a user-friendly and
efficient solution.
2. Introduction
The Touch Sensor Light Project integrates
fundamental concepts of electronics to create a
touch-controlled lighting system. The touch sensor
detects body capacitance, and the signal is
amplified using a transistor to power an LED.
Touch-sensitive circuits have wide applications in
home automation, smart devices, and interactive
systems. This project serves as an introductory
exploration of touch sensors and their applications
in electronics.
3. Materials and Components
Components Needed
9V Battery
9V Battery Clip
Breadboard
Jumper Wires
470Ω Resistor
Red LED
NPN Transistor (BC546/547/548 or similar)
4. Circuit Diagram:
Explanation:
The body capacitance generates a small current
when the touch sensor is touched. The BC547
transistor amplifies this signal, allowing current to
flow through the LED, which lights up.
5. Project Details
Step 1:
Preparing the Circuit Base
Arranged the breadboard and ensured all components
were functional.
Step 2:
Step 1: Connect The Transistor
Start by connecting the transistor a little bit down on
the board.
The collector goes into row 22, the base in row 23,
and the emitter in row 24.
Step 3:
Step 2: Connect The Resistor
Next, connect the resistor. Connect it from any row to
row 21.
Notice that it is not connected to the transistor since
the transistor is connected in row 22.
Step 4:
Step 3: Place The LED And Touchpad
Now, we’re going to connect the LED and the touch-
sensing part. For the touch-sensing part, you’ll need
two exposed wires. We can get this from the LED. The
LED has much longer legs than needed.
Insert the LED with its positive side connected with resistor
and negative side with transistor. Now the LED is connected
between the resistor and the collector of the transistor, just
like in the schematics of this circuit.
Step5 :
Connect The Touchpad
Now we need to connect the two touch wires to the
correct points in the circuit, using jumper wires.
Step 6:
Testing the Circuit
Connect your battery connector and plug in the
battery.
Tested the circuit by touching the touch sensor.
The LED successfully lit up, demonstrating the
functionality of the touch sensor light.
6.Challenges and Solutions
Challenges:
1. Ensuring the sensitivity of the touch sensor to
detect light touches.
2. Preventing accidental triggering due to
environmental interference.
Solutions:
1. Used a 470 Ohm resistor to stabilize the circuit.
2. Ensured compact connections to reduce external
noise.
7. Results and Observations
The touch sensor light circuit performed as
expected, with the LED lighting up upon touching
the sensor. The circuit was simple yet efficient,
demonstrating the core principles of touch-sensitive
electronics.
8. Conclusion
The Touch Sensor Light Project successfully
demonstrated how basic electronic components
can be used to create a functional and innovative
device. The project highlighted the importance of
transistors in signal amplification and touch-based
technology in modern applications. This project
provides a foundation for exploring more advanced
touch sensor circuits and their integration into real-
world applications like home automation and smart
devices.
