Title: Fundamental of Mathematic

Chapter: Fundamental of Mathematic

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Worksheet Compiled By: Prashant Jain (PJ Sir)

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Exercise – I
1. Number of integral values of 'x' satisfying the equation 3|x + 1| – 2.3x = 2.|3x – 1| + 1 are
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

2. |x2 + 6x + p| = x2 + 6x + p  x  R where p is a prime number then least possible value p is

(A) 7 (B) 11 (C) 5 (D) 13

3. If (log10x)2 – 4|log10x| + 3 = 0, the product of roots of the equation is :

(A) 3 (B) 104 (C) 108 (D) 1

4. The equaiton ||x – 1| + a| = 4 can have real solutions for x if a belongs to the interval
(A) (–, 4] (B) (4, ) (C) (–4, ) (D) (–, –4) U(4, )

5. The number of values of x satisfying the equation | 2x + 3 | + | 2x – 3 | = 4x + 6, is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

| x2  4 x |3
6. Number of prime numbers satisfying the inequality log3  0 is equal to
x2 | x  5 |
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

7. If |x + 2| + y = 5 and x – |y| = 1 then the value of (x + y) is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

8. The number of value of x satisfying the equation x  1A = (x  1)7, where A = log3 x²  2 logx9
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 3

9. The number of integral value of x satisfying the equation log 3

x2  log3 x  2 = 2
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

10. The sum of all possible integral solutions of equation

||x2 – 6x + 5| – |2x2 – 3x + 1|| = 3|x2 – 3x + 2| is
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 15

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11. The complete solution set of the inequality (|x – 1| – 3) (|x + 2| – 5) < 0 is (a, b)  (c, d) then the value of
|a| + |b| + |c| + |d| is
(A) 14 (B) 15 (C) 16 (D) 17

12. The product of all the integers which do not belong to the solution set of the inequality
3 |x|  2
 2 is
| x | 1
(A) –1 (B) –4 (C) 4 (D) 0

13. Let f(x) = |x – 2| and g(x) = |3 – x| and
A be the number of real solutions of the equation f(x) = g(x)
B be the minimum value of h(x) = f(x) + g(x)
C be the area of triangle formed by f(x) = |x – 2|, g(x) = |3 – x| and x-axis and  <  <  <  where  < 
are the roots of f(x) = 4 and  <  are the roots of g(x) = 4, then the value of sum of digits of
 2  2   2  2
.
ABC
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 11 (D) 9

14. If f(x) = |x + 1| – 2 | x – 1| then

(A) maximum value of f(x) is 2. (B) there are two solutions of f(x) = 1.
(C) there is one solution of f(x) = 2. (D) there are two solutions of f(x) = 3.

a
15. The solution set of inequality |x| < , a  R, is
x


(A) – –a,0  if a < 0  
(B) 0, a if a > 0

(C)  if a = 0 (D) (0, a) if a > 0

 1 
16. If a and b are the solutions of equation : log5  log64 | x |   25 x  = 2x, then
 2 
(A) a + b = 0 (B) a2 + b2 = 128 (C) ab = 64 (D) a – b = 8

17. The number of solution of the equation log3|x – 1| . log4|x – 1| . log5|x – 1|

= log5|x – 1| + log3|x – 1| . log4|x – 1| are
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6

(x 2  2)( x 2  16 )
18. Find the number of all the integral solutions of the inequality 0
(x 4  2)(x 2  9)
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

1  21  4x  x 2
19. Find the complete solution set of the inequality 0
x 1
(A)  2 6  2, 3 
 
(B)  2 2 6, 1
 
(C)  2  2 6,  1  2 6  2, 3  (D)  2 2 6, 1  2 6  2, 3 
      

|x2|–|x|
20. The solution set of the inequality  0 is
4 – x3
3 3 3 3
(A) [–1, 4) (B) [1, 4) (C) [–1, 2) (D) [0, 4)

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 2
2 x  4log2 x < 2 (4 – log16x ) are
21. The number of integers satisfying the inequality log1/ 4

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

22. If f1(x) = | | x | – 2| and fn(x) = |fn – 1(x) –2| for all n  2, n  N, then number of solution of the equation
f2015(x) = 2 is
(A) 2015 (B) 2016 (C) 2017 (D) 2018

23. If graph of y = f(x) in (–3,1), is as shown in the following figure

and g(x) = n(f(x)), then the graph of y = g(– |x|) is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

24. Solution set of inequality ||x| – 2|  3 – |x| consists of :

(A) exactly four integers (B) exactly five integers
(C) Two prime natural number (D) One prime natural number

25. If a  0, then the inequation |x – a| + |x + a| < b

 b b 
(A) has no solutions if b  2 |a| (B) has a solution set  ,  if b > 2 |a|
 2 2
 b b 
(C) has a solution set  ,  if b < 2 |a| (D) All above
 2 2

26. The equation ||x – a| – b| = c has four distinct real roots, then
(A) a > b – c > 0 (B) c > b > 0 (C) a > c + b > 0 (D) b > c > 0

27. If graph of y = f(x) is as shown in figure

y
2

x
–2 –1 0 2
–1

then which of the following options is/are correct?

y

(A) Graph of y = f(–|x|) is

x
–2 –1 0 1 2

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 (B) Graph of y = f(|x|) is

(C) Graph of y = |f(|x|)| is

(D) Graph of |y| = f(x) is x

–2 –1 O 2

28. Consider the equation x 2 – 4 | x | 3 = p

(A) for p = 2 the equation has four solutions
(B) for p = 2 the equation has eight solutions
(C) there exists only one real value of p for which the equation has odd number of solutions
(D) sum of roots of the equation is zero irrespective of value of p

29. Consider the equation |nx| + x = 2, then

(A) The equation has two solutions (B) Both solutions are positive
(C) One root exceeds one and other in less than one (D) Both roots exceed one

30. Consider the equation ||x – 1 | – |x + 2|| = p. Let p1 be the value of p for which the equation has exactly
one solution. Also p2 is the value of p for which the equation has infinite solution. Let  be the sum of all
the integral values of p for which this equation has solution then
(A) p1 = 0 (B) p2 = 3 (C)  = 6 (D) p1 + p2 = 4

31. Number of the solution of the equation 2x = |x – 1| + |x + 1| is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 

32. Number of the solution of the equation x2 = |x – 2| + |x + 2| – 1 is

(A) 0 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4

33. f(x) is polynomial of degree 5 with leading coefficient = 1, f(4) = 0. If the curve y = |f(x)| and y = f(|x|) are
same, then the value of f(5) is
(A) 405 (B) –405 (C) 45 (D) –45

34. The area bounded by the curve y  |x – 2| and y  4 – |x – 3| is

13 15
(A) (B) 7 (C) (D) 8
2 2

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 Answer Key
Exercise – I
1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (A) 5. (A)
6. (A) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (D)
11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (A), (B), (C)
15. (A), (B), (C) 16. (A), (B) 17. (D) 18. (B) 19. (D)
20. (A) 21. (B) 22. (C) 23. (D) 24. (B), (D)
25. (A), (B) 26. (D) 27. (A), (C), (D) 28. (A), (C), (D)
29. (A), (B), (C) 30. (A), (B), (C) 31. (C) 32. (C) 33. (A)
34. (C)

Solution
Exercise – I
1. 3|x + 1| – 2.3x = 2.|3x – 1| + 1
critical points are x = –1, 3x – 1 = 0  x=0
Case-I : x < –1
3 x
3–(x + 1) – 2.3x = –2(3x –1) + 1   2.3 x = –2.3x + 2 + 1
3
3–x = 9  x=–2
Case-II –1  x < 0
3(x+1) – 2.3x = –2(3x – 1) + 1  3x = 1  x=0
Not in solution.
Case-III : x  0
3x+1 – 2.3x = 2.3x – 2 + 1  x=0
so x = 0, 2 satisfy the equation.
3|x + 1| – 2.3x = 2.|3x – 1| + 1

2. |f(x)| = f(x) x  f(x)  0  x2 + 6x + p  0 xp  D 0  4(9 – p)  0

Hence p  9  pmin = 11 (as p is prime)

3. Let |log10x| = y
1 1
y2 – 4y + 3 = 0  y = 1, 3  log10x = ±1, ±3  x = 10, , 103,
10 103
Hence product = 1

4. ||x – 1| + a| = 4
|x – 1| = –a + 4, –a – 4
For this equation to have solutions –a + 4  0  a  4

5. |2x + 3| + |2x – 3| = 4x + 6
3
Case-I : x   2x + 3 + 2x – 3 = 4x + 6  No solution
2
3 3
Case-II : –  x   2x + 3 + 3 – 2x = 4x + 6  x=0
2 2
3
Case-III : x  –  –2x – 3 – 2x + 3 = 4x + 6  No solution
2

| x 2  4x | 3
6. log3 0  |x2 – 4x| + 3  x2 + |x – 5|
x2  | x  5 |
Case-I x  5 x2 – 4x + 3  x2 + x – 5  –5x + 8  0
8
 x (No solution)
5

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 Case-II x  (–, 0]  [4, 5]
2
x2 – 4x + 3  x2 + x – 5  – 3x  2   x
3
Case-III x  [0, 4]
1 
4x – x2 + 3  x2 – x + 5  2x2 – 5x + 2  0  x   , 2
2 

7. |x + 2| + y = 5 for x < –2
we get –x + y = 7 ...(1)
& for x  –2
we get x + y = 3 ...(2)
x – |y| = 1 for y < 0
we get x + y = 1 ...(3)
& for y  0
we get x – y = 1 ...(4)
solving (2) & (4)
x=2&y=1

8. |x – 1|A = (x – 1)7
case (i) x – 1 = 1   x=2
case (ii) log3 x2 – 2 logx 9 = 7  2 log3 x – 4 logx 3 = 7
let log3 x = y 
4
  2y – =7  2y2 – 7y – 4 = 0  (2y + 1) (y – 4) = 0
y
1
 y=– & y=4
2
1
 log3 x = –  log3 x = 4
2
x = 3–1/2  x = 81
1 1
= for x =
3 3
x–1<0
 not acceptable
 x = 2 or 81.

9. log 3
x  2 – log3 x  2 = 2  |2log3x – 2| – |log3x – 2| = 2
case  If log3 x – 2  0  log3x  2
Then 2 log3x – 2 – log3x + 2 = 2  log3x = 2
 log3x = 2    x = 32 = 9  x=9
case  1 log3x < 2
 2 log3x – 2 + log3x – 2 = 2  3 log3 x = 6  log3x = 2
which is not possible
case  If log3x < 1 the – 2 log3x + 2 + log3x – 2 = 2
– log3x = 2  log3x = – 2
1 1
 x = 3–2 =  x = 9,
9 9

10. ||A| – |B|| = |A + B| iff AB  0

1 
(x2 – 6x + 5) (2x2 – 3x + 1)  0  x   , 5
2 

11. (|x – 1| – 3) (|x + 2| – 5) < 0

Case-I : x  – 2
(x + 2) (x + 7) < 0  x (–7, –2) .......(i)
Case-II : – 2 < x  1
(x – 4) (–x – 2) < 0  (x – 4) (x + 2) > 0

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  x  (–, –2)  (4, )
No solution
Case-III: x>1
(x – 4) (x – 3) < 0
x  (3, 4) .........(ii)
x  (i)  (ii)  x  (–7, –2)  (3, 4)

12. Let |x| = y

3y  2
2  (3y – 2)2 4(y – 1)2 & y1
y 1
4 
 5y2 – 4y 0  y (–, 0]  ,  
5 
4 
Hence |x| {0}   ,1  (1,  )
5 
So x  ±1 if x  z  Product = –1

13. f(x) = |x – 2|, g(x) = |x – 3|

f(x) = g(x)  |x – 2|2 = |x – 3|2  x2 – 4x + 4 = x2 – 6x + 9
5
 x=
2
Hence A = 1
h(x) = |x – 2| + |x – 3|  |(x – 2) – (x – 3)| = 1  B=1

1
hence C =
4
|x – 2| = 4  x=2±4   = –2 and  = 6
|x – 3| = 4  x=3±4   = –1 and  = 7
2 2 2 2
    
= 4(4 + 36 + 1 + 49) = 360
ABC
Sum of digits = 9

14. f(x) = |x + 1| – 2 |x – 1|

(i) x<–1

f(x) = – x – 1 + 2x – 2 = x – 3

(ii) –1x1
f(x) = x + 1 + 2x – 2 = 3x – 1
(iii) x>1
f(x) = x + 1 – 2x + 2 = – x + 3

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15. x<0 x>0 x0
a a
–x < x<  x 
x x
–x2 > a x2 < a
x2 < –a x  (  a, a )
 x  (  a, a ) x  (0, a )
Let x<0  x  (  a,0) 

 1 
16. log5  log64 | x | –  25x   2x
 2 
1
log64 |x| – = 0  |x| = (64)1/2
2
 |x| = 8  x=8
a = 8, b = – 8

17. Let |x–1| = t

then log3t log4t log5t = log5t +(log3t log4t)
1 1 1
  +
logt 3logt 5 logt 5 logt 3logt 4
 logt5 + logt3 logt4 = 1
n3
t t
 4logt3 =  4 nt =
5 5
t  (0,1)

0
1

one solution between (0,1)

one solution is 1
t>1
one solution is greater than 1
 |x–1| has 3 positive sol.
 x has 6 solution

•
1

18. x2 – 16  0
 (x – 4) (x + 4)  0  x  (–, –4]  [4, ) ..........(1)
2 2
(x  2)( x  16 )
Now 0
(x 4  2)(x  3)(x  3)

x  (–3, 3) ...........(2)
By (1) and (2) x  {–4, 4}

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19. For domain 21 – 4x – x2  0
 x2 + 4x – 21  0  (x + 7) (x – 3)  0  x  [–7, 3]
2
case-I : –7  x  –1 then 1– 21  4x  x –  0
 1  21  4x  x 2  x2 + 4x – 20  0  (x + 2)2 – 24  0
 (x + 2 + 2 6 ) (x + 2 – 2 6 )  0  x  [–2 – 2 6 , 2 6 – 2]
 x  [–2 –2 6 , –1)
case-II : –1 < x  3 then 1  21 – 4x – x2
 x2 + 4x – 20  0  x  (–, –2 – 2 6 ]  [2 6 – 2, )
 x  2 6  2, 3 
 

  
x   2 2 6, 1  2 6  2, 3 


x2 |x|
20.  0  4 – x3 > 0  x3 – 4 < 0  x < 41/3 ...(i)
3
4x
 |x + 2| – |x|  0
case-I : x  –2 then–x – 2 + x  0  –2  0 no solution
case-II : –2 < x  0 then x + 2 + x  0  x + 1  0  x  –1
 x  [–1, 0] ...(ii)
case-III : x > 0 then
x + 2 – x 0 2  0  x  R+ ...(iii)
 (i)  (ii) (iii) is x  [–1, 41/3).

21. Domain x>0

log22x + 2 log2x  0
log2x (log2x + 2)  0

log2x  – 2 or log2x  0
1
0<x or x  1
4
 1
x   0,   [1, ) .......(i)
 4
Case-I 4 – log2x < 0
positive <negative (false)
Case-II 4 – log2x  0  log2x  4
 log22x 2 log2x < 2 (4 – log2x)2
Let log2x = t
t2 + 2t < 2 (4 – t)2
t2 – 18t + 32 > 0
(t – 16) (t – 2) > 0
 t < 2  t > 16
log2x < 2  log2x > 16 (Rejected )
log2x < 2
x<4 .........(ii)
by (i) and (ii)
 1
x   0,   [1, 4)
 4

22. f1(x) = ||x| – 2| f1(x) = 2  3 solution

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 f2(x) = |||x| – 2| – 2| f2(x) = 2 4 solution

fn(x) = |fn–1(x) – 2| have n + 2 solution

f2015(x) = 2 have 2017 solutions

23. g(x) = n(f(x)) domain is (–3, –1) range is (–0]

graph of y = g(x) is

 graph of y = g(– |x|) is as shown in option (D)

24.
 5 5
Solution set is   , 
 2 2

25.

26. ||x – a| – b| = c  |x – a| = b + c, b – c
for four solutions b > c > 0.

27. Obviously by graphical transformation.

28. 

Clearly for p = 2 there are four solutions. For p = 3 there three solutions and sum of solutions of the
equations is zero.

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29.

Two solutions one greater than unity and other less than unity.

30.

For one solution p = 0

For infinite solution p = 3
for solutions p  [0, 3], sum of integers = 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 = 6

(–1.2)
(1.2)

31.

 Two solutions

32. |x – 2| + |x + 2| = x2 + 1

33. Because |f(x)|  0 and graph of f(|x|) and |f(x)| is same so f(|x|)  0  x  0
and 4 is repeated root of f|x| = 0. Hence – 4 is also repeated root
f(x) = x (x – 4)2 (x + 4)2
f(5) = 405

34. Area by y  |x – 1| and y  4 – |x – 3|

5 3 15
Area of rectange = × =
2 2 2

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