Đề 1

SECTION I: LISTENING (3.0 points) (You will hear twice for each part)
Part 1. Listen to the recording twice. Choose the correct answer for each of the following blanks.
1. According to the man, his team lost the first match due to __________.
A. bad weather conditions B. injuries C. poor officiating
2. What reason was NOT mentioned about why his team lost their second game?
A. The referees made some terrible calls against some players.
B. They were disqualified for unsportsmanlike conduct.
C. One of their players shot the ball into the wrong goal.
3. The man's team was winning the final match until ___________.
A. the other team made an amazing comeback
B. some of their players were ejected from the game
C. their fans booed the team and left the stadium
4. Which team does the man want to win the World Cup now?
A. He doesn't care who wins at this point.
B. He wants the host nation to win.
C. He hopes the matches are cancelled.
5. Now that his team is out of the tournament, how is he spending his time?
A. He's been following a golf tournament on TV.
B. He's become interested in an online chess tournament.
C. He's been playing in a local tennis tournament.
Part 2. Listen to the recording twice. Complete the form below. Write no more than three words or
numbers for each answer.
PRESTON PARK RUN
Details of run
Example
Day of Park Run: …….Saturday……
Start of run: in front of the (1) ……………………………
Time of start: (2) …………………………… am
Length of run: (3) …………………………… kilometers
At end of run: volunteer scans (4) ……………………………
Best way to register: on the (5) ……………………………
Cost of run: (6) £ ……………………………
Volunteering
Contact name: Pete (7) ……………………………
Phone number: (8) ……………………………
Activities: setting up course
(9) …………………………… the runners
(10) …………………………… for the weekly report
SECTION II: LEXICO – GRAMMAR (7.0 points)
Part 1: Questions from 16 to 36. (3.0 points - 0.15/ each)
Choose the best answer to each question.
16. The information-office at the station ________ that all trains were running about one hour behind time.
A. advertised B. decided C. explained D. promised
17. The house was sold for £60000, which was far more than its real _____.
A. cost B. value C. price D. expense
18. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any _______.
A. notice B. remark C. warning D. observation
19. When he was a student, his father gave him a monthly ________ towards his expenses.
A. salary B. permission C. allowance D. wage
20. He was a much older tennis player but he had the great ________ of experience.
A. advantage B. deal C. help D. value
21. To get my travelers’ cheques I had to ________ a special cheque to the Bank for the total amount.
A. make for B. make off C. make out D. make over
22. Well-mannered children have usually been properly ________ by their parents.
A. raised up B. borne up C. brought up D. put up
23. He said he had every ________ in his secretary; she would do the right thing.
A. confidence B. dependence C. thought D. knowledge
24. I am sorry that I can’t ________ your invitation.
A. take B. except C. agree D. accept
25. I forgot to ________ him to buy some bread.
A. remember B. repeat C. remind D. let
26. ________ what he says, he wasn’t even there when the crime was committed.
A. Following B. Listening to C. According to D. Fearing
27. There is ________ that I may have to go into hospital next week.
A. an opportunity B. bad luck C. a possibility D. fate
28. This young tree could not have been damaged by accident. I believe it was done ________.
A. in fact B. on purpose C. by appointment D. by understanding
29. How much would you ________ for repairing my watch?
A. charge B. cost C. pay D. demand
30. After the battle, the ________ soldiers were helped by those who could walk.
A. damaged B. wounded C. broken D. blessed
31. He hoped the appointment would enable him to gain greater ________ in publishing.
A. experience B. work C. jobs D. employment
32. ________ up children properly is mainly their parents’ duty.
A. growing B. rearing C. breeding D. bringing
33. Science has made great ________ during the past 30 years.
A. increases B. motions C. advances D. advantages
34. Her shoes ________ her gloves; they look very well together.
A. suit B. match C. fit D. compare
35. If you have a ________ to make about the food, I am willing to listen.
A. dislike B. trouble C. complaint D. discontent
Part 2: Questions from 36 to 45. (2 points - 0.2/ each)
Use the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the following sentences.
36. I have just bought a replacement for one of my favorites which …………………………… disappeared. mystery
37. Gift exchange is …………………………… expression of social relations. signify
38. I try not to remember this …………………………… experience that only leaves me with unhappy thoughts. frighten
39. The boy …………………………… asked for permission to go out with his friends. repeat
40. British Rail apologized for the …………………………… of the 4.20 to Bath. cancel
41. He feels sad about his …………………………… result in the examination. satisfy
42. The …………………………… of this factory are widely consumed in this country. produce
43. You must keep on working with him no matter how much you ……………………………. agree
44. Film festivals are …………………………… divided into categories like drama, documentary or animation. typical
45. He enjoyed …………………………… with friends and it cost nothing. social
Part 3: Questions from 46 to 50.(1 point - 0.2/ each)
Each of the following sentences has an error. Find the errors and correct them.
46. The 6-year-old boy resembles to his mother some what more than does his older brother.
47. Chemical engineering is based on the principles of physics, chemists, and mathematics.
48. Ancient people made a clay pottery because they needed it for their survival.
49. A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of one or more sentences related to the same idea.
50. Carl Anderson discovered two atomic particles that he identified while studied cosmic rays.
Part 4: Questions from 51 to 55.(1 point - 0.2/ each)
Fill in each of the sentences with correct prepositions.
51. Parents are naturally anxious ………………… their children’s safety.
52. In a consumer taste test, Coca-Cola went ………………… against Pepsi.
53. Using your cell phone while driving is ………………… the law.
54. The scientist made an amazing discovery ………………… accident.
55. She ought to be thoroughly ashamed ………………… herself - talking to her mother like that!
SECTION III: READING (6.0 points)
Part 1. Questions 56 – 65 (2 points - 0.2/ each)
Read the passage below and choose the best answer to each question.
Interpreting the feelings of other people is not always easy, as we all know, and we (56) ________ as much on
what they seem to be telling us, as on the actual words they say. Facial (57) ________ and tone of voice are obvious
ways of showing our (58) ________ to something, and it may well be that we unconsciously express views that we
are trying to hide. The art of being (59) ________ lies in picking up these signals, realizing what the other person is
trying to say, and acting so that they are not embarrassed in any way. For example, we may understand that they are
in fact (60) ________ to answer our question, and so we stop pressing them. Body movements in general may also
indicate feelings, and interviewers often pay particular attention to the way a candidate for a job walks into the
room and sits down. However it is not difficult to present the right kind of appearance, while what many employers
want to know relates to the candidate’s character traits, and (61) ________ stability. This raises the awkward
question of whether job candidates should be asked to complete psychological tests, and the further problem of
whether such tests actually produce (62) ________ results. For many people, being asked to take part in such a test
would be an objectionable (63) ________ into their private lives.
After all, a prospective employer would hardly ask a candidate to run a hundred meters, or expect his or her
family doctor to provide (64) ________ medical information. Quite apart from this problem, can such tests predict
whether a person is likely to be a (65) ________ employee or a values colleague?
56. A. reckon B. rely C. trust D. estimate
57. A. manner B. image C. expression D. looks
58. A. notion B. feeling C. view D. reaction
59. A. successful B. humble C. good at D. tactful
60. A. hesitant B. reluctant C. tending D. used
61. A. psychological B. physical C. similar D. relevant
62. A. reliable B. predictable C. faithful D. regular
63. A. invasion B. infringement C. intrusion D. interference
64. A. confidential B. secretive C. reticent D. classified
65. A. laborious B. particular C. thorough D. conscientious
Part 2. Questions 66 – 75 (2.0 points - 0.2/ each)
Read the passage below and choose the best answer to each question
Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial
problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s
inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that
many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.
Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its
desiccating effects. No moist-skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The
giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds
more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent,
filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated. Having adapted to their austere environment,
they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word.
The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if,
like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of
them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night.
The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60
degrees.
66. The title for this passage could be _____ .
A. D. esert Plants B. Life Underground
C. Animal Life in a Desert Environment D. Man’s Life in a Desert Environment
67. The word inexorable in the passage mostly means _____ .
A. relentless B. full C. demanding D. essential
68. Man can hardly understand why many animals live their whole life in the desert, as _____ .
A. sources of flowing water are rare in a desert
B. water is an essential part of his existence
C. water composes the greater part of the tissues of living things
D. very few large animals are found in the desert
69. The phrase those forms in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT _____.
A. water-loving animals B. the coyote and the bobcat
C. moist-skinned animals D. many large animals
70. According to the passage, creatures in the desert _____.
A. are smaller and fleeter than forest animals
B. live in an accommodating environment
C. are more active during the day than those in the tangled forest
D. are not as healthy as those anywhere else in the world
71. The author mentions all the following as examples of the behaviour of desert animals EXCEPT _____.
A. they sleep during the day B. they dig home underground
 C. they are noisy and aggressive D. they are watchful and quiet
72. The word emaciated in the passage mostly means _____.
A. wild B. cunning C. unmanageable D. unhealthy
73. The word them means
A. animals B. people C. water D. minutes
74. The word burrows in the passage mostly means _____.
A. places where insects or other small creatures live and produce their young”
B. holes or tunnels in the ground made by animals for them to live in
C. structures made of metal bars in which animals or birds are kept
D. places where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found
75. We can infer from the passage that _____ .
A. living things adjust to their environment B. water is the basis of desert life
C. desert life is colorful and diverse D. healthy animals live longer lives
Part 3: Questions 76 – 85 (2.0 points - 0.2/ each)
Read the text and fill in one word which best fits each gap.
HOMESTAY
When studying a foreign language abroad, a large majority of students choose ‘homestay’ accommodation,
living with a (76) ………………… family while they attend classes in a nearby language school. Very (77) …………………,
however, once lessons have finished, students speak their mother tongue with other class members of the same
nationality. On a Homestay Language International study trip, we ensure total immersion in the target language
environment by arranging accomodation and one-by-one tuition in your teacher’s home, so that you (78) …………………
surrounded by the language during every moment of your stay.
As you are the only student, you can learn (79) ………………… your own pace, and the lessons are made to suit
your individual interests and objectives. You will also have the chance to (80) ………………… fully in your host teacher’s
activities, including trips to places of (81) ………………… in the local area. All of our teachers have a university degree
and a relevant (82) ………………… qualification, and most have spent much time abroad and they can understand the
needs and concerns of their (83) ………………… guests. Homestay Language International offers a wide range of general
or business courses for young and old alike, with a choice of (84) ………………… 80 destinations throughout the world.
Whether it’s English in New Zealand, French in Canada or German in Austria, you can expect a (85) …………………
welcome in a relaxed home environment and an unforgettable study experience.
SECTION IV: WRITING (4.0 points)
Part 1: Questions from 86 to 90.(2 point- 0.4/ each)
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.
86. House prices have risen dramatically this year.
 There has …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
87. Helen can play the piano better than Elizabeth.
@ Elizabeth …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
88. The garage is going to repair the car for him next week.
@ He is going ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
89. John and Mary moved to Edinburgh twenty years ago.
@ It is ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
90. He got down to writing a letter as soon as he returned from his work.
@ No sooner …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
91. Although he was very tired, he agreed to help me with my homework.
 Tired …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
92. I’m sure it wasn’t Mr. Phong you saw because he’s in Hanoi.
 It can’t ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
93. She had only just begun to speak when people started interrupting.
 Hardly ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
94. “Let’s go to the cinema tonight” he suggested
 He suggested ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
95. “You should have finished the report by now,” the boss said to his secretary.
 The boss scolded ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Part 2: Questions from 91 to 92.(2 points - 0.4/ each)
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do
not change the word given.
96. Sarah wore dark glasses so that no one could recognize her. (avoid)
@ Sarah wore ………………………………………………………… recognised.
97. The lecture was cancelled because the professor was ill. (called)
 They ………………………………………………………… because the professor was ill.
98. John never takes any notices what his children say. (attention)
 John never ………………………………………………………… what his children say
99. Smoking in the library is forbidden. (allowed)
 You ………………………………………………………… in the library.
100. I regret not taking your advice in the first place. (followed)
 If only ………………………………………………………… in the first place.
101. They were on the point of cancelling the match. (call)
 They were ………………………………………………………… the match.
102. My sister finds commuting every day annoying (put)
 It's difficult for my sister to ………………………………………………………………… every day
103. The defense contributed enormously to the team's success. (made)
 The defense ……………………………..………………………………… the team's success.
104. My husband has earned the income since I broke my leg. (bacon)
 My husband has ………………………………………………………… since I broke my leg.
105. John and his father look very similar. (image)
 John is ……………………………...........…………………………… his father.
 Đề 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the others in the following questions
1. A.creative B.sensitive C.ambitious D.attentive
2. A.professor B.manager C.reporter D.director
3. A.exercise B.refusal C.collective D.abundant
4. A. material B. maritime C. marathon D. masculine
5. A. conceal B. consul C. contour D. contraband
6. A. participant B. accidental C. parentheses D. industrial
7. A. competent B. compliance C. commuter D. computer
8. A. malevolent B. pasteurise C. satellite D. manicure
9. A. emotional B. sympathetic C. responsible D. indifferent
10. A. continue B. inhabit C. disappear D. imagine
II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR
Part 1 : Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Write your answer A, B, C or D
in the numbered boxes.
1. ___________ the weather forecast, it will rain heavily later this morning.
A. On account of B. According to C. Because of D. Due to
2. I read the contract again and again __________ avoiding making spelling mistakes.
A. in view of B. in terms of C. with a view to D. by means of
3. It's a shame they didn't pick you up, but it doesn't _______ out the possibility that you might get a job in a
different department.
A. strike B. cancel C. draw D. rule
4. I reckon Mark is ________ of a nervous breakdown.
A. in charge B. under suspicion C. on the verge D. indicative
5. Many local authorities realize there is a need to make _______ for disabled people in their housing programmes.
A. assitance B. conditions C. admittance D. provision
6. It turned out that we _________ rushed to the airport as the plane was delayed by several hours.
A. hadn't B. should have C. mustn't have D. needn't have
7. All three TV channels provide extensive _________ of sporting events.
A. coverage B. vision C. broadcast D. network
8. No matter how angry he was, he would never ________ to violence.
A. resolve B. recourse C. exert D. resort
9. ________ as a masterpiece, a work of art must transcend the ideals of the period in which it was created.
A. Ranking B. To be ranked C. Being ranked D. In order to be ranking
10. _________, the people who come to this club are in their twenties and thirties.
A. By and large B. All together C. To a degree D. Virtually
11. I am afraid that you have _________ the deadline, so we can't take your application into account.
A. missed B. met C. delayed D. put off
12. The main aim of the campaign is to raise _______ of the issues involved.
A. knowledge B. awareness C. attention D. acquaintance
13. After so many years, it is great to see him _________ his ambitions.
A. get B. realise C. possess D. deserve
14. It was confirmed that the accident was caused by human ________.
A. error B. slip C. fault D. blunder
15. The roadworks made ________ to the hotel from the main road difficult.
A. entrance B. approach C. access D. ways in
Part 2: Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in the column on the
right. (0) has been done as an example.
The origins of Halloween 0.____ western _____
Halloween is celebrated in many parts of the (0)________ (WEST) world, and 1. _________________
is a time when people dress up as witches or ghosts, and go "trick-or treating". 2. _________________
It is (1) _________ (DOUBT) one of the most popular traditions in the United 3. _________________
States and Britain. 4. _________________
The celebration (2) _________(ORIGIN) about two thousand years ago with 5. _________________
the Celts. These people were the (3) ________ (INHABIT) of an area that 6. _________________
includes Britain, Ireland and Brittany. They relied on the land for their (4) 7. _________________
_______ (LIVE), and this meant that they were at the mercy of (5) ________ 8. _________________
(PREDICT) weather conditions, especially during the winter. 9. _________________
The Celtic new year began on 1st November, which also marked the beginning 10. ________________
of winter, a period (6) _________ (TRADITION) associated with death. On
the eve of the new year, it was believed that the barriers between the worlds of
the living and the dead were (7) ________ (TEMPORARY) withdrawn, and it
was possible to communicate with spirits. The Celts believed that the spirits
offered them (8) ________ (GUIDE) and protection, and the Druids (Celtic
priests) were (9) _________ (REPUTE) able to predict the future on this point.
When the Roman completed their (10) ________ (CONQUER) of Celtic
lands, they added their own flavour to this festival. The advent of Christianity
brought about yet other changes.
Part 3: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. UNDERLINE the mistake and WRITE THEIR CORECT
FORMS in the space provided in the column on the right. (0) has been done as an example.
The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still 0. __ interrelated ____
with us and still closely interrelating. Most American marriages, particular 1. ________________
first marriages uniting young people, are the result of mutual attraction and 2. _________________
affection rather with practical considerations. 3. _________________
In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children. 4.__________________
Teenagers begin date in high school and usually find mates through their own 5. _________________
academic and social contacts. Though young people feel free to choose their 6. _________________
friends from different groups, almost choose a mate of similar background. 7. _________________
This is due partly to parental guidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their 8. _________________
children, but they can usually influence choices by voicing disapproval for 9. _________________
someone they consider suitable. 10._________________
However, marriages of members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and
interracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the greater mobile of
today's youth and the fact that they are restricted by fewer prejudices as their
parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to attend college, serve in
armed forces, or pursue a career in a bigger city. One away from home and
family, they are more likely to date and marry outside their own social group.

Part 4: Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with suitable particles. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes. (0) has been done as an example.
0. Could you deal ________ this problem. I'm rather busy.
1. The Minister is also implicated __________ the scandal.
2. Irrespective _________ the poor weather conditions the search for the missing child was continued.
3. I have been using her computer ever since she placed it __________ my disposal.
4. I met him at the party and he asked __________ you.
5. You can't miss him. That haircut makes him stand ___________ in a crowd.
Part 5: Complete each sentence with a correct phrasal verb from the box. Write your answers in the numbered
boxes. Each phrasal verb is used only once.
put down come out see off set about work out
stand for step up track down turn down make up for
1. The managing director __________ the company's poor performance to high interest rates.
2. The police were able to __________ the car thieves using satellite technology.
3. This is a sensitive matter, and we have to __________ dealing with it very carefully.
4. David's new album is expected to ___________ at the end of the year.
5. I hope this award will ____________ your disappointment at not winning the first prize.
6. The company has decided to ___________ production of cars at its factory in Hull.
7. You might need a calculator to __________ this problem.
8. Claire decided to __________ the job, because it would have meant more travelling.
9. Our maths teacher simply won't _________ any talking in class.
10. Helen is going to the airport to _________ some friends.
III. READING
Part 1: Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write your
answer in the numbered boxes.
The Mysterious Isle
In the early morning of 23 January, 2009, the most powerful storm for a decade hit western France. With wind
speeds in (1) ________ of 120 miles per hour, it flattened forests, (2) ________ down power lines and caused
massive destruction to buildings and roads. But it also left behind an extraordinary creation. Seven miles out to sea
at the (3) ________ where the Atlantic Ocean meets the estuary of the River Gironde, a small island had (4)
_________ out of water. Locals soon gave it the name The Mysterious Isle. What was so remarkable, (5) ________
its sudden apparition, was the fact that the island (6) _________ intact in what is often quite a hostile sea
environment. It could well become a permanent feature.
Scientists (7) ________ realised that the island's appearance (8) ________ a unique opportunity to study the
creation and development of a new ecosystem. Within months, it had been colonised by seabirds, insects and
vegetation. Unfortunately, however, they were not alone in (9) ________ the island attractive. It became
increasingly difficult to (10) ________ the site from human visitors. In its first year, day trippers came in powered
dinghies, a parachute club used it as a landing strip, a rave party was even held there one night.

1. A. surplus B. advance C. excess D. put

2. A. fetched B. brought C. carried D. sent
3. A. scene B. mark C. stage D. point
4. A. risen B. growth C. lifted D. surfaced
5. A. in spite of B. instead of C. apart from D. on account of
6. A. prolonged B. remained C. resided D. preserved
7 A. quickly B. briskly C. hastily D. speedily
8. A. delivered B. awarded C. proposed D. offered
9. A. regarding B. finding C. seeking D. deciding
10. A. prevent B. preserve C. protect D. prohibit
Part 2: Fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word and write your answers in the
corresponding boxes provided below the passage.
Enjoy the benefits of stress!
Are you looking forward to another busy week? You should be according to some experts. They argue that the stress
encountered in our daily lives is not only good for us, but essential to survival. They say that the response to (1)
_________, which creates a chemical called adrenal in, helps the mind and body to act quickly (2) ___________
emergencies. Animals and human beings use it to meet the hostile conditions which exist on the planet.
Whilst nobody denies the pressures of everyday life, what is surprising is that we are yet to develop successful ways
of dealing with them. (3) ________ the experts consider the current strategies to be inadequate and often dangerous.
They believe that (4) ________ of trying to manage our response to stress with drugs or relaxation techniques, we
must exploit it. Apparently, research shows that people (5) ________ create conditions of stress for (6) _______ by
doing exciting and risky sports or looking for challenges, cope much better with life's problems. Activities of this type
have been shown to create a lot of emotion; people may actually cry or feel extremely uncomfortable. But there is a
point (7) _________ which they realise they have succeeded and know that it was a positive experience. This is
because we learn through challenge and difficulty. That's (8) _________ we get our wisdom. Few of us,
unfortunately, understand this fact. For example, many people believe they (9) _________ from stress at work, and
take time off as a result. Yet it has been found in some companies that by far (10) __________ healthiest people are
those with the most responsibility. So next time you're in a stressful situation, just remember that it will be a
positive learning experience and could also benefit your health!
Part 3: Read the following passage. For question 1-5, choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D). Write your answers
in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic development is causing global warming. According to an
increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this is media hype and how
much is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the case, that it depends on which expert you listen to, or
which statistics you study.
Yes, it is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world's
leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have shown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius
since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over
the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however,
are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing that has always been
part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists in the United States showed
that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the last hundred years was our own fault-
the rest attributed it to natural cyclical changes.
There is, of course, no denying that we are still at a very early stage in understanding weather. The effects of such
variables as rainfall, cloud formation, the seas and oceans, gases such as methane and ozone, or even solar energy
are still not really understood, and therefore the predictions that we make using them cannot always be relied on.
Dr. James Hansen, in 1988, was predicting that the likely effects of global warming would be a raising of world
temperature which would have disastrous consequences for mankind: "a strong cause and effect relationship
between the current climate and human alteration of the atmosphere". He has now gone on record as stating that
using artificial models of climate as a way of predicting change is all but impossible. In fact, he now believes that,
rather than getting hotter, our planet is getting greener as a result of the carbon dioxide increase, with the prospect
of increasing vegetation in areas which in recent history have been frozen wastelands.
In fact. there is some evidence to suggest that as our computer-based weather models have become more
sophisticated, the predicted rises in temperature have been cut back. In addition, if we look at the much reported rise
in global temperature over the last century, a close analysis reveals that the lion's share of that increase, almost three
quarters in total, occurred before man began to 'poison' his world with industrial processes and the accompanying
greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of the twentieth century.
So should we pay any attention to those stories that scream out at us from billboards and television news headlines,
claiming that man, with his inexhaustible dependence on oil-based machinery and ever more sophisticated forms of
transport is creating a nightmare level of 'greenhouse gas emissions, poisoning his environment and ripping open
the ozone layer? Doubters point to scientific evidence. which can prove that, of all the greenhouse gases, only two
percent come from man-made sources, the rest resulting from natural emissions.
Who, then, to believe: the environmentalist exhorting us to leave the car at home, to buy re-usable products
packaged in recycled paper and to plant trees in our back yard? Or the sceptics, including, of course, a lot of big
businesses who have most to lose, when they tell us that we are making a mountain out of a molehill? And my own
opinion? The jury's still out as far as I am concerned!
1. The author __________
A. believe that man is causing global warming. B. believes that global warming is a natural process.
C. is sure what the causes of global warming are. D. does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are.
2. As to the cause of global warming, the author believes that _________
A. occasionally the facts depend on who you are talking to.
B. the facts always depend on who you are talking to.
C. often the facts depend on which expert you listen to.
D. you should not speak to experts.
3. More than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States are of the opinion that _________
A. global warming should make us lose sleep.
B. global warming is not the result of natural cyclical changes but man-made.
C. the consequences of global warming will be devastating.
D. global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes.
4. Our understanding of weather __________
A. leads to reliable predictions. B. is variable.
C. cannot be denied. D. is not very developed yet.
5. Currently, Dr James Hansen's beliefs include the fact that _________
A. it is nearly impossible to predict weather change using artificial models.
B. the consequences of global warming would be disastrous for mankind.
C. there is a significant link between the climate now, and man's changing of the atmosphere.
D. Earth is getting colder.
For questions 6-10, write in the corresponding numbered boxes with YES, NO, or NOT GIVEN:
6. At the same time that computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated, weather forecasters
have become more expert.
7. Most of the increase in global temperature happened in the second half of the twentieth century.
8. The media wants us to blame ourselves for global warming.
9. The media encourages the public to use environmentally friendly vehicles, such as electric cars to combat global
warming.
10. Many big businesses are on the side of the sceptics as regards the cause of global warming.
IV. WRITING
Part 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence before it.
1. Although Mary was exhausted, she agreed to join in the activity.
→ Exhausted ......................................................................................................
2. We'll let you know as soon as we have received the information.
→ The .................................................................................................................
3. You can only really master a language if you use it regularly.
 → Only by ...........................................................................................................
4. It's nobody's fault that the match was cancelled.
→ Nobody is to .................................................................................................
5. I don't intend to apologise to either of them..
→ I have no ..........................................................................................................
Part 2: Use the word given in brackets and make any necessary additions to write a new sentence in such a way
that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Do NOT change the form of the given word.
You must use between three and six words, including the word given. (0) has been done as an example.
0. Fiona refused to wear her old dress. (not)
Fiona said that ________ she would not wear ________ her old dress.
1. As long as he could see, Kevin really didn't mind where he sat in the stadium. (difference)
→ As long as he could see , ____________________________________ where he sat in the
stadium.
2. Somebody should have told us that the date had been changed. (informed)
→ We should ___________________________________ the change of the date.
3. Jane's family persuaded her to enter the competition. (talked)
→ Jane was ____________________________________ the competition by her family.
4. We never imagined that Julian might be planning to resign from his job. (occurred)
→ It never __________________________________ Julian might be planning to resign from his
job.
5. Sally was all ready to leave the office when her boss asked her to type up a report (point)
→ Sally was ________________________________ the office when her boss asked her to type up
a report.
Part 3: Write an essay of about 250 words on the following topic:
"The widespread use of the Internet has brought many problems. What do you think are the main problems
associated with the use of the web? What solutions can you suggest"?
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