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Ch.3 Syntax: I. What Is Syntax?

The document provides an introduction to syntax, which is the part of grammar that governs sentence structure and word order. It outlines the major concerns of syntax, including the combination of words into phrases and sentences, the correct word order, grammatical relations, and other constraints. Examples illustrate the rules of syntax and their application in forming grammatically correct sentences.

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7 views1 page

Ch.3 Syntax: I. What Is Syntax?

The document provides an introduction to syntax, which is the part of grammar that governs sentence structure and word order. It outlines the major concerns of syntax, including the combination of words into phrases and sentences, the correct word order, grammatical relations, and other constraints. Examples illustrate the rules of syntax and their application in forming grammatically correct sentences.

Uploaded by

hyunsy0217
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to English Linguistics 04/26/2022

Ch.3 Syntax

Main Topics
⚫ Phrase/Sentence Structure
⚫ Transformations

I. What is Syntax?

The part of grammar that represents a speaker’s knowledge of sentences


and their structures is called syntax. (p77)

II. What the Syntax Rules Do (Major Concerns of Syntax)

The rules of syntax combine words into phrases and phrases into
sentences.

⚫ The rules of syntax specify:

1. the correct word order for a language


(1) a. The boy quickly found the ball in the house.
b. *The boy quickly in the house the ball found.
(2) a. The President nominated a new Supreme Court justice.
b. *President the Supreme new justice Court a nominated.

2. the grammatical relations of a sentence


(such as subject and direct object)
(3) a. Your dog chased my cat.
b. My cat chased your dog.

3. Other constraints that sentences must adhere to


(4) a. *The boy found.
b. *The boy found quickly.
c. *The boy found in the house.
d. The boy found the ball.
e. The boy found the ball in the house.

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