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Linked List

A linked list is a linear data structure where nodes are stored in non-contiguous memory, allowing dynamic memory allocation and efficient insertion/deletion. There are three main types: singly linked lists, doubly linked lists, and circular linked lists, each with distinct characteristics. While linked lists offer advantages like dynamic sizing and efficient operations, they also have drawbacks such as increased memory usage and complexity.

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Subhadip Das
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4 views

Linked List

A linked list is a linear data structure where nodes are stored in non-contiguous memory, allowing dynamic memory allocation and efficient insertion/deletion. There are three main types: singly linked lists, doubly linked lists, and circular linked lists, each with distinct characteristics. While linked lists offer advantages like dynamic sizing and efficient operations, they also have drawbacks such as increased memory usage and complexity.

Uploaded by

Subhadip Das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linked List – Report

1. Introduction

A linked list is a linear data structure in which elements (called nodes) are stored in non-
contiguous memory locations. Each node contains data and a reference (pointer) to the next node
in the sequence. Unlike arrays, linked lists allow dynamic memory allocation and efficient
insertion/deletion.

2. Types of Linked Lists

Type Description

Singly Linked List Each node points to the next node

Doubly Linked List Each node points to both previous and next nodes

Circular Linked List The last node points back to the head, forming a circle

3. Structure of a Node (Singly Linked List)

plaintext

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+-----------+------------+

| Data | Next |

+-----------+------------+

Example in Python

python

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class Node:

def __init__(self, data):

self.data = data

self.next = None

# Creating nodes

node1 = Node(10)

node2 = Node(20)

node1.next = node2 # Linking nodes


4. Basic Operations

Operation Time Complexity Description

Insertion at beginning O(1) Insert new node before the head

Insertion at end O(n) Traverse to the end and insert

Deletion O(n) Find and remove a node

Search O(n) Traverse to find an element

Traversal O(n) Visit each node one by one

5. Advantages

• Dynamic size – grows and shrinks at runtime.

• Efficient insertion/deletion – no need to shift elements like in arrays.

• No memory waste – unlike arrays, memory is allocated as needed.

6. Disadvantages

• More memory usage – each node requires a pointer.

• Sequential access only – no direct access like arrays.

• Complexity – harder to implement and debug than arrays.

7. Applications

• Memory management (free lists)

• Implementing stacks and queues

• Navigation systems (e.g., playlist, undo/redo operations)

• Graphs and adjacency lists

8. Real-World Analogy

A linked train: each car (node) is connected to the next. You cannot jump to a specific car without
going through the previous ones.

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