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Class 11 Computer Science - Chapter_ Computer System

The document provides an overview of computer systems, detailing their components, including hardware, software, and liveware. It explains the functional components of a computer, the role of the CPU, memory types, input/output devices, and basic number systems. Additionally, it categorizes software into system and application types, highlighting examples of each.

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7 views3 pages

Class 11 Computer Science - Chapter_ Computer System

The document provides an overview of computer systems, detailing their components, including hardware, software, and liveware. It explains the functional components of a computer, the role of the CPU, memory types, input/output devices, and basic number systems. Additionally, it categorizes software into system and application types, highlighting examples of each.

Uploaded by

aryan245m
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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xClass 11 Computer Science - Chapter: Computer

System
🔹 1. Introduction to Computer System
●​ A computer system is a combination of hardware and software designed to
perform specific tasks.​

●​ Basic operations: Input → Processing → Output → Storage.​

🔹 2. Components of Computer System


a) Hardware

●​ The physical parts of a computer.​

●​ Examples: CPU, Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, RAM, Hard Disk.​

b) Software

●​ Set of programs and instructions that run on hardware.​

●​ Types:​

○​ System Software: Controls hardware (e.g., Operating System).​

○​ Application Software: Performs specific tasks (e.g., MS Word, Excel).​

c) Liveware

●​ The human component (users, programmers, etc.).​


🔹 3. Functional Components of a Computer
Component Function

Input Unit Takes input from the user

Central Processing Unit Processes the data


(CPU)

Output Unit Displays the result to the


user

Storage Unit Stores data and programs

🔹 4. CPU and Its Components


●​ ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs calculations and logical operations.​

●​ CU (Control Unit): Controls data flow and instruction execution.​

●​ Registers: Small storage units inside CPU for fast access.​

🔹 5. Memory/Storage Devices
a) Primary Memory (Main Memory)

●​ RAM (Volatile): Temporary memory; data lost when power off.​

●​ ROM (Non-volatile): Permanent; stores firmware.​

b) Secondary Memory

●​ Used for long-term data storage.​

●​ Examples: Hard Drive, SSD, CD/DVD, Pen Drive.​


🔹 6. Input and Output Devices
Input Devices:

●​ Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone.​

Output Devices:

●​ Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Projector.​

🔹 7. Number System Basics


●​ Binary (base 2): 0, 1​

●​ Decimal (base 10): 0–9​

●​ Octal (base 8): 0–7​

●​ Hexadecimal (base 16): 0–9, A–F​

🔹 8. Software Types in Detail


●​ System Software:​

○​ Operating System (e.g., Windows, Linux)​

○​ Language Translators (Compiler, Interpreter)​

○​ Utility Software (e.g., Antivirus, Disk Cleaner)​

●​ Application Software:​

○​ General Purpose (e.g., Word, Excel)​

○​ Specific Purpose (e.g., Railway Reservation System)

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