THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FRANCISCAN GIRLS SECONDARY SCHOOL

FORM FOUR OPENING EXAMINATION 2024

PHYSICS 1
Time: 3 Hours 16TH JULY 2024

INSTRUCTIONS

✓ This paper consists of three sections A,B and C with total of eleven (11) questions

✓ Answer all questions in section A and B and two (2) questions from section C

✓ Communication devices and unauthorized materials are not allowed in examination room

✓ Non-programmable calculator and mathematical table may be used.

✓ Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheet (s) provided

✓ Where necessary the following constants may be used;

(i). Acceleration due to gravity, g=10m/s2

(ii). Pie =3.14

@SIR MLANGI JULY 2024

 SECTION A (16 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
1. For each of the item (i-x) choose the most correct answer from among the given alternatives
and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.
(10 marks)
(i) Light wave differ from sound wave because;
A. Light is an electromagnetic wave
B. Light wave are long and sound wave are short
C. Interference is obtained with light waves but not with sound waves
D. The speed of light is independent with medium in which it travel
E. Sound waves do not travel in water.

(ii) Which of the following statements explains the basid of heliocentric theory ?
A. The earth was known to revolve around the sun
B. The earth was stationary
C. The sun was known to revolve around the earth
D. The sun was stationary
E. The earth was known to revolve around its axis

(iii) Hydrometer is an instrument for measuring density or relative density of a liquid.

What are you supposed to do in order to increase its sensitivity?.
A. Increasing the size of the large bulb
B. Making the stem narrower
C. Reducing the lead shots in the weighted bulb
D. Increasing the length of the stem
E. Reducing the length of stem and lead shots

(iv) Which statement is true about ball falling freely from height of 10m?.
A. Its potential energy increase but kinetic energy decrease
B. It potential energy is equal to kinetic energy
C. Its potential energy is zero and kinetic energy is maximum
D. Its potential energy decrease and kinetic energy increase
E. Kinetic energy and potential energy are maximum

(v) The following statements about magnetic lines of force are correct except;
A. Always form close loops
B. Start at north pole and end at south pole
C. Cross one another
D. Stronger where the lines are closer together
E. Pass through all material magnetic and non-magnetic material
(vi) The half life of radioactive material is 12 hours. What fraction of the element will
have disintegrated in 72 hours?
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 A. 1/64 B. 1/16 C. 1/32 D. 1/8 E. 1/72

(vii) In a single rope 4-pulley system, the mechanical advantage is less than 4 because;
A. The effort may vary
B. The load is raised
C. The upper pulley do not move
D. The friction acts on the pulley
E. The weight of the lower pulley can be neglected

(viii) A car moving at steady speed has friction force on its surface whose size depends on;
A. The speed and surface area
B. Its speed only
C. Its surface area only
D. Its weight only
E. Its wheel speed only

(ix) A study that deals with constellation, solar system and cosmos is referred to as;
A. Electromagnetism B. Structure and properties of matter C. Light
D. Astronomy E. Geophysics
(x) The cost of electricity for a 2000W electric fire used for 10.30 hours at the rate of S hs
8 per Kwh is;
A. Shs 160 B. Shs 80 C. Shs 168 D. Shs 1600 E. Shs3200

2. Match the items in List A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the
corresponding response beside the item number in the answer sheet provided. (6 marks)

LIST A LIST B
(i). Longitudinal wave sin 𝑖
A.
sin 𝑟
B. Refractive index
(ii). Reverberation
C. Water waves
D. Sound wave
(iii). Snell’s law
E. Angle of incidence for which angle of
refraction is 90o
(iv). Critical angle
F. Rise and fall of sound of two vibrating objects
G. The resultant of displacement at any point is
(v). Principle of superposition
equal to the sum of displacements of different
waves
(vi). Echo
H. The multiple reflection of sound waves
I. Angle of reflection for which angle of
incidence is 90o
J. Reflected sound.
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 SECTION B (54 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section

3. (a) Explain why it is easy to open nut by using spanner with long arm than that of short
arm (3marks)
(b) A metal beam AB of mass 50kg is supported at its ends. The beam carries a mass of
200kg at a distance of 0.75m from end A. If the beam is 2m long, determine the thrust
at supports A and B. (6 marks)

4. (a) Explain why most vehicles have their engines directly over the drive wheels (4marks)

(b) Show that to obtain an image with a magnification of 𝑚 using a concave mirror with a
(𝑚+1)𝑓
focal length 𝑓, the object distance , 𝑢 is given by 𝑢 = (5 marks)
𝑚

5. (a) Explain why resistance cannot be accurately measured by using just a voltmeter and
an ammeter ? (4 marks)
(b) Two batteries V1 and V2 are connected in series with 8 Ω resistor as shown below

Given that the internal resistances of the two batteries are 2Ω and 1Ω respectively,
determine the potential difference across 8Ω resistor. (5 marks)

6. (a) Explain briefly explain the following phenomena

(i). Why sound produced in hall with many people is heard more clearly than
when the hall has few people?. (2 marks)
(ii). Why a musician must re-tune a stringed instrument if its temperature
changes (2 marks)
(b) In a closed pipe, the first resonance is at 23 cm and second at 73 cm. Determine the
wavelength of the sound and the end correction of the pipe (5 marks)

7. (a) The detection of nuclear radiation is based on its ionising effects, different detectors
are designed using different technologies for detecting different types of nuclear
radiation and one of the detector is Geiger-Muller counter, With the aid of a labelled
diagram explain how Geiger-Muller counter is used to detect nuclear radiations
(5 marks)
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 (b) The half-life for the Beta decay of Thorium-234 is 24 days. Department of physics has
brought sample of Thorium from German. On the day of dispatch its activity was
4x105 disintegrations per second.
(i). What was the activity of the source 72 days latter?. (2 marks)
(ii). What safety precaution should the supplier take to ensure that non of dock
workers should be harmed? (2 marks)
8. (a) Astronomy is the study of the universe and celestrial bodies. It has been used since the
ancient time by our ancestors. Explain how the study of astronomy is usefully, Give
five points (5 marks)

(b) State four precautions that can be taken against earthquake hazards. (4 marks)

SECTION C (30 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section

9. (a) A technician was given a task task of wiring a house. He was planning to connect four
bulbs such that, each bulb light at its normal brightness. With two reasons, explain
how he could connect the bulbs. (4 marks)

(b) Three resistors labelled AA, BB and CC have resistances of 12Ω, 15Ω and 20Ω
respectively are to be powered by a 24V power supply in order to obtain a minimum
resistance.
(i). Draw the diagram showing the arrangement of the connection

(ii). Determine the minimum resistance of the arrangement (5 marks)

(c) The diagram below shows a rectifier circuit for an alternating current (a.c) for both
input and output

(i). Describe the rectification process.

(ii). Draw the traces of the signals for both input and output (6 marks)

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10. (a) With the aid of a clear diagram explain mechanism of induction coil (5 marks)

(b) Figure below shows coil in magnetic field. The coil is rotated in the direction shown
by the arrow

(i). Name the parts labelled X and Y (1 mark)

(ii). The terminals P and Q are connected to a cathode ray oscilloscope. Sketch the
graph of the electromotive force (e.m.f) produced anainst time (2 marks)

(iii). State two factors that affect the magnitude of induced e.m.f by rotating the coil
(2 marks)

(iv). What changes should be made in the step-up for it to produce a direct current.
(1 mark)
(c) State any two ways in which power is lost from the transformer and explain how each
lost is minimized (4 marks)

11. (a) Study the figure below and then answer the questions that follows

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 (i). With reason identify the name of the amplifier represented by the given circuit ?
(1.5 marks)
(ii). With two reason state why the circuit is more preferred than other configuration ?
(1.5 marks)
(iii). What is the name of the bipolar junction transistor used in the circuit ? (1 marks)

(iv). State the functions of capacitor C1 and C2 (2 marks)

(b) Radiographers use X-ray tube to generate X-rays which are used for diagnosing various
health conditions, also in physics and and engneering laboratories a device named the
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) plays an important role in designing and developing
various scientific instruments. Both X-ray and and CRO depend on the phenomena known as
thermionic emission. Based on this fact respond the following
(i). Briefly explain three factors influencing the frequency of occurance of thermionic
emission (1.5 marks)
(ii). Why Cathode ray tube and X-ray tubes are vacuated (1.5 mark)

(iii). With the aid of neat and labelled diagrams explain the production of X-rays and
Cathode rays in their respective tubes (7 marks)

**************************ALL THE BEST*********************

“The best way of learning Physics is through practice and reasoningˮ
Prepared By Sir Mlangi July 2024

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