LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

1. Derive the Laplace transform of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑚𝑡 and 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑡.

2. Find the Laplace transform of 𝑡 𝑛 when n is a positive integer and hence calculate
L{𝑡 3 + 4𝑡 2 − 3𝑡 + 5}.
3. Find Laplace transform of 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡 and 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡.
4. Find L{𝑡 3 𝑒 2𝑡 } and L{cosh 4𝑡 sin 3𝑡}
3𝑆+2
5. Find 𝐿−1 { 2 }.
(2𝑆 −4𝑆+3)
𝑆
6. Evaluate 𝐿−1 {(𝑆2 +4)(𝑆2 +9)}.
1
7. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝐿−1 {(𝑆+2)(𝑆+4)}.
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
8.Solve 𝑑𝑥 2 − 2 𝑑𝑥 +2𝑦 = 0, with y = 𝑑𝑥 = 0 when t = 0, by Laplace transform method.
9.Solve using Laplace transform: 9𝑦 ′′ − 6𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 0, with y (0) =3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 ′ (0) = 1.
10.Solve using Laplace transform: 𝑦 ′′ + 9𝑦 = 0, with y (0) =0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 ′ (0) = 2.
11. Prove that (i)𝐿[𝑓 ′ (𝑡)] = 𝑠𝐹(𝑠) − 𝑓(0)(ii)𝐿[𝑓"(𝑡)] = 𝑠 2 𝐹(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑓(0) − 𝑓′(0)
12. Prove that (i)𝐿[𝑡𝑓(𝑡)] = −𝐹 ′ (𝑠) and evaluate L[t cosh at].
2𝑆− 1
13. i) Find 𝐿−1 [𝑆2 − 2𝑆 + 10] .
2𝑠+3
(i) Find the Inverse Laplace transform of [ (𝑠−1)(𝑠+2)2 ].
𝑠2 1
14.Show that 𝐿−1 [(𝑠2 +𝑎2)2 ] = 2𝑎 [sin 𝑎𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 cos 𝑎𝑡].
1 1
15.Show that 𝐿−1 [(𝑠2 +𝑎2)2 ] = 2𝑎3 [sin 𝑎𝑡 − 𝑎𝑡 cos 𝑎𝑡].

FOURIER SERIES

1.Write the Fourier series expansion and and expression for Fourier coefficients of
a periodic function.
2.Calculate 𝑎0 in the fourier series expansion of 𝑥2 in the interval (-𝜋, 𝜋).
3. Obtain the Fourier coefficient 𝑏𝑛 for f(x) = 1 + x in (0, 𝜋).
4. Find the half range sine series of f(x) =1 in (0, 𝜋).
5. Find the half range sine series of f(x) = x in (0, 𝜋).
6. Find the half range sine series of f(x) = sin x in (0, 𝜋).
7. Find the Fourier series for the function f(x) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 in (−𝜋, 𝜋).
1−𝑥 0< 𝑥 ≤ 1
8. Find the Fourier series expansion of the function f(x) = { over (0,2).
0 1≤𝑥<2
1 1 1 1 𝜋
Hence deduce that 1 - 3 + 5 − 7 + 9 − ⋯ = 4 .
𝜋 𝜋
1 −2 < 𝑥 ≤ 2
9.Obtain the Fourier series expansion of the function f(x) = { 𝜋 3𝜋
1 ≤𝑥<
2 2
and 𝑓(𝑥 + 2𝜋) = 𝑓(𝑥).
−𝑥 −𝜋 < 𝑥 ≤ 0
10. Obtain the Fourier series expansion of the function f(x) = {
𝑥 0≤𝑥<𝜋
 1 1 1 𝜋2
and hence deduce that 12 + 32 + 52 + ⋯ = 8 .
11.Find the Fourier series for the function f(x) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 in (-1,1) of period 2.
12.Find the half range cosine series for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1 in 0 < 𝑥 < 1.

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Fourier transforms
1. Write the sine and cosine form of the Fourier integral.
2. Write the exponential form of the Fourier integral.
3. Write the formula for complex Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform.
4. Define the slit function.
5. State Linearity property and change of scale property of Fourier transforms.
6. State shifting property of Fourier transforms.
7. Prove the relation between Fourier transforms and Laplace transforms.
1 |𝑥| ≤ 1 ∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
8.Express 𝑓(𝑥) = { as a Fourier integral. Hence evaluate ∫0 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 .
0 |𝑥| > 1
1 |𝑥| ≤ 0
9.Obtain the Fourier expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = { −𝑥 .
𝑒 |𝑥| > 0
1 |𝑥| ≤ 1 ∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛⋋𝑐𝑜𝑠⋋𝑥
10. Express 𝑓(𝑥) = { as a Fourier integral. Hence evaluate ∫0 𝑑⋋.
0 |𝑥| > 1 ⋋
1 − 𝑥 2 |𝑥| ≤ 1
11. Find the Fourier transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = { as a Fourier integral. Hence show
0 |𝑥| > 1
∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥−𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝜋
that ∫0 3
𝑑𝑥 = .
𝑥 4

1 |𝑥| ≤ 𝑎
12. Find the Fourier transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = { as a Fourier integral. Hence evaluate
0 |𝑥| > 𝑎
∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑥 ∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
∫−∞ 𝑑𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∫0 𝑑𝛼.
𝛼 𝛼
𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 |𝑥| ≤ 𝑎
13. Find the Fourier transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = { as a Fourier integral. Hence
0 |𝑥| > 𝑎
∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥−𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥.
𝑥3
1/𝜀 |𝑥| ≤ 𝜀
14.Find the Fourier transform of the slit function 𝑓(𝑥) = { .
0 |𝑥| > 𝜀
15. Find the Fourier transform 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 −|𝑥|
16. Find the inverse complex Fourier transform of 𝑒 −|𝛼𝑎| , 𝑎 > 0
1 0≤𝑥≤𝑎
17. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform 𝑓(𝑥) = { .
0 |𝑥| ≥ 𝑎
𝑥 0<𝑥<1
18. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑎 − 𝑥 1 < 𝑥 < 𝑎
0 𝑥>𝑎
19. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 , a>0.
20. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 , a>0.
21. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 )/𝑥 , a>0.
22. Find the relation between Fourier transform and Laplace transform.
23.If 𝑓̂(𝛼) is the Fourier transform of 𝑓(𝑥), then prove that
 𝑑
(i) 𝐹[𝑓 ′ (𝑥)] = −𝑖𝛼𝑓̂(𝛼) (ii)𝑑𝛼[𝑓̂(𝛼)]=𝑖 𝐹[ 𝑥𝑓 (𝑥)]
√2
24.Prove (i) 𝐹𝑐 [𝑓 ′ (𝑥)] = − 𝜋 𝑓(0) + 𝛼 𝐹𝑠 [𝑓(𝑥)]
√
(ii) 𝐹𝑠 [𝑓 ′ (𝑥)] = −𝛼 𝐹𝑐 [𝑓(𝑥)]
√2 ′(0)
25. Prove (i) 𝐹𝑐 [𝑓 ′′ (𝑥)] = − 𝑓 − 𝛼2 𝐹𝑐 [𝑓(𝑥)]
√𝜋
√2
(ii) 𝐹𝑠 [𝑓 ′′ (𝑥)] = 𝛼𝑓(0) − 𝛼 2 𝐹𝑠 [𝑓(𝑥)]
√𝜋