General Surgery Examination and Board Review 1st Edition

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G S y
E
B R v

Editors
Robert B. Lim, MD, FACS, FASMBS
A P S y
U S v U v y H hS
Ch , M A v Lp p S y
p A yM C
H ,H

Daniel B. Jones, MD, MS, FACS

P S y
H v M Sh
V Ch S y
O h y I v
Ch , M yI v v S S v
D h B P
B hI D M C
B ,M h

N Y Ch S F L L M M C y
N D h S J S S p Sy y
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T is book is dedicated to my amazing wi e, Lisa. She has given
me the strength and grace to pursue a project like this.
—RBL

And to my better hal , Stephanie.

—DBJ
This page intentionally left blank
 Contents

Co n t r ibu t o r s 8. A v Lp py—S I
In t r o d u c t io n h R S y
Jigesh A. Shah and Omar Yuse Kudsi
Pr e a c e
Page 28
Ac k n o wl ed g emen t s v
Ethical and Legal Issues 33
Section 1: General Surgery Section Editor: Robert B. Lim
Anesthesia and OR Concerns 3 9. E h /L I —D M
Section Editor: Robert B. Lim Steve Alcazar and Shawn suda
1. S p Ap Page 35
Ashley D. Willoughby 10. E L C
Page 5 Jenny Lam and Shawn suda
2. M Hyp Page 37
Harry . Aubin Skin and So issue 39
Page 8 Section Editor: Richard Smith
3. F U S E y 11. S C
—F D p A yB p y Jigesh A. Shah and Omar Yuse Kudsi
Paul Wetstein Page 41
Page 11
12. D U
4. A G E Pamela C. Masella and
Roger Eduardo Mark K. Markarian
Page 13 Page 44
Advances in Laparoscopy 17 13. M
Section Editor: Robert B. Lim Amber E. Ritenour and Lauren Greer
5. FLS—A P Page 47
Megan Bowen
14. S Ly ph
Page 19
Joshua S. Ritenour
6. A v Lp py NO ES Page 50
Mark A. Gromski and Kai Matthes
15. h S y—L
Page 21
C —C h
7. R -A S y Ashra A. Sabe
Brenda Schmidt and Gordon Wisbach Page 55
Page 25

vii
vi i i Co n t e n t s

Abdominal Wall, Abdomen, and 28. M U

Gastrointestinal ract 59 Richard M. Peterson
Section Editors: Robert B. Lim, Ronald A. Page 100
Gagliano, Jr., and Richard Smith
29. B S y—Byp —A
16. A W R P
erri L. Carlson Richard M. Peterson
Page 61 Page 103
17. H —U /V hC h 30. S v G yL
Richard M. Peterson Alec C. Beekley
Page 64 Page 106
18. A y p I H 31. B p Dv W hD
Lorenzo Anes-Bustillos S h M O y
Page 67 Matthew J. Martin
19. F H Page 109
Harry . Aubin 32. B S y—
Page 71 N C p
20. I N Marcos Molina
Harry . Aubin and Eric Balent Page 115
Page 73 33. R v B S y
21. H P ph H Hussna Wakily
Steven M. Henriques Page 117
Page 77 34. A j G B C p
22. A h Ashley D. Willoughby
Mary . O’Donnell and E. Matthew Ritter Page 120
Page 79
35. G M
23. G C Douglas Farmer
Brian J. Pottor and Farah A. Husain Page 123
Page 82
36. B yC
24. G S Alexander Malloy
William Cole Page 127
Page 86
37. B y —Ch
25. G Ly ph Harry . Aubin
Cletus A. Arciero Page 130
Page 89
38. Ch y P y
26. G ph R D Alan P. Gehrich
Mary . O’Donnell and E. Matthew Ritter Page 133
Page 94
39. L v M
27. P P p U D Kevin M. Lin-Hurtubise and Robert L. She er
Henry Lin Page 137
Page 98
 Co n t e n t s ix

40. L v C h 52. C ,R , A —R C
Richard Smith Ronald A. Gagliano, Jr.
Page 140 Page 183
41. P P Cy 53. P A
Kiran Lagisetty Alexander Malloy
Page 144 Page 186
42. H P M Breast Disease 189
Richard Smith Section Editor: Richard Smith
Page 146 54. B M
43. Sp /I p h h y p Anita Mamtani
P p Page 191
Ali Linsk and John Paul Sanders
55. D C S
Page 150 Angela Penn
44. S B O Page 195
Patrick Golden
56. I yB C
Page 153 Ranjna Sharma
45. I D -I A P Page 199
Bonnie B. Hunt
57. B R
Page 156 Pamela C. Masella and
46. C Mark K. Markarian
Christopher Yheulon Page 202
Page 160 Endocrine Surgery/Head and Neck
47. M I h umors 207
Danielle E. Ca asso Section Editors: Robert B. Lim and Richard Smith
Page 163 58. A G
48. App Yong Choi
Erik Criman Page 209
Page 167 59. Hyp p hy
49. C C Richard K. Inae
Robert B. Lim Page 212
Page 171 60. hy D
50. C h ’ D Richard K. Inae
Andrew . Schlussel Page 215
Page 176 61. P E
51. D v Jigesh A. Shah and
Erik Roedel Omar Yuse Kudsi
Page 179 Page 217
x Co n t e n t s

62. S v y G 72. O h - —P v F
Maxwell Sirkin and William J. Jordan
William V. Rice Page 262
Page 221
73. H I j
Pediatric Surgery 225 Ahmed B. Bayoumi, Fares Nigim, and
Section Editor: Mary J. Edwards Ekkehard M. Kasper
63. H N P Page 265
Margaret E. Clark 74. N y—Hyp /
Page 227 Hyp
Albert Jesse Schuette
64. Py S
Margaret E. Clark Page 279
Page 232 75. Oph h y
Morohunranti O. Oguntoye and
65. H h p ’D
Robert A. Mazzoli
Mary J. Edwards
Page 282
Page 236
76. h
66. O ph /G h
Booker . King
Paul Wetstein
Page 288
Page 239
77. S p M -O F
rauma Surgery and Critical Care 243
Robert Shawhan, Matthew Eckert, and
Section Editor: Matthew J. Martin
Matthew J. Martin
67. C C —R Page 291
B
Matthew Eckert and Matthew J. Martin 78. M j B S I h
ovy Haber Kamine, Stephen R. Odom, and
Page 245
Booker . King
68. K W Page 297
Laura Mazer
79. S N
Page 249
Julia B. Greer
69. P —M p G h Page 301
W
Erik Criman and Matthew J. Martin 80. B P
Stephen R. Odom
Page 252
Page 304
70. C v Sp C
Matthew R. Fusco, Ajith J. T omas, and 81. N z F
Christopher S. Ogilvy Allyson L. Berglund and John M. Giurini
Page 256 Page 308

71. M E v I 82. G y
P Peter L. Steinberg
Matthew R. Fusco, Ajith J. T omas, and Page 312
Christopher S. Ogilvy
Page 259
 Co n t e n t s xi

83. F y 93. Ov M
Katherine Carlisle Charles S. Dietrich III and
Page 314 Brad ord P. Whitcomb
Page 353
Section 2: Surgical Subspecialties
94. E p P y
ransplantation Surgery 319 Charles S. Dietrich III and
Section Editor: Ronald A. Gagliano, Jr. Brad ord P. Whitcomb
84. p S y—K y Page 358
Joy Sarkar 95. P v I yD
Page 321 Alan P. Gehrich
85. p S y—L v Page 362
Joy Sarkar 96. E
Page 324 Alan P. Gehrich
Vascular Surgery 327 Page 366
Section Editor: Dwight C. Kellicut Neurosurgery 369
86. C O Section Editor: Matthew J. Martin
ony Katras 97. B P /S
Page 329 Albert Schuette
87. A A A y Page 371
Dwight C. Kellicut Orthopedic Surgery 375
Page 331 Section Editor: Matthew J. Martin
88. V A 98. C F
Booker . King Justin . Fowler and Justin Robbins
Page 334 Page 377
89. C p H y 99. Sh
Alexander Malloy Kelly G. Kilcoyne
Page 337 Page 380
90. Ly ph D 100. P M
Robert C. McMurray Kelly G. Kilcoyne
Page 340 Page 383
91. V S D 101. K I j
John illou Jeremy McCallum and Douglas Rowles
Page 343 Page 386
92. h O Sy Urology 393
Courtney E. Barrows Section Editor: Joseph R. Sterbis
Page 347
102. N ph h
Gynecology and Obstetrics 351 Peter L. Steinberg
Section Editor: Alan P. Gehrich Page 395
xii Co n t e n t s

103. B C 106. U I j y
Joseph R. Sterbis Raf aella DeRosa and Joseph R. Sterbis
Page 397 Page 405
104. R 107. P C
Joseph R. Sterbis Joseph R. Sterbis
Page 399 Page 408
105. L p
Joseph R. Sterbis Index 411
Page 402
 Contributors

Steve Alcazar Alec C. Beekley, MD, FACS

U v y N v Sh M A P S y
R ,N v Dv A C S y
Dv B S y
Lorenzo Anes-Bustillos, MD S yK M C T J
P S yF U v y
B Ch ’H p Ph ph , P yv
B ,M h
Allyson L. Berglund, DPM
Cletus A. Arciero, MD, FACS P S
A P S y D p P S y
P D ,B S O yF hp H v V M A ,A
Dv S O y H v M Sh
E yU v yS h M B ,M h
A ,G
Megan Bowen, DO
Harry . Aubin, MD A P
G S yR S y, U H hS v U v y
p A yM C Dv G S y
H ,H S A M yM C
S A ,
Eric Balent, MD
R ,G S y Danielle E. Ca asso, DO, MPH
D p G S y F
p A yM C Dv V E v S y
H ,H N Y -P y H p
W C M
Courtney E. Barrows, MD C U v yM C
G S yR N Y ,N Y
B hI D M C
H v M Sh Katherine Carlisle, MD
B ,M h R Phy ,U y
D p U y
Ahmed B. Bayoumi, MD, MSc p A yM C
Dv N y H ,H
D p S y
B hI D M C
H v M Sh
B ,M h

xiii
xiv Co n t r i b u t o r s

erri L. Carlson, DO Roger Eduardo, MD

R PGY5 R
p A yM C D p S y
D p S y B hI D M C
H ,H H v U v yS h M
B ,M h
Yong Choi, MD, FACS, FASMBS
A P S y Mary J. Edwards, MD
U S v U v y h H hS Ch , P S y
Ch , M yI v v B S y p A yM C
A ,G H ,H

Margaret E. Clark, MD Douglas Farmer, MD, MS

G S yR R
p A yM C G S y, p A y M C
H ,H H ,H

William Cole, MD Justin . Fowler, MD

S R O h p S
G S yD p M A yM C
p A yM C O h p S yS v
H ,H ,W h

Erik Criman, MD Matthew R. Fusco, MD

R Phy ,G S y A P ,N S y
D p S y V U v yM C
p A yM C N hv ,
H ,H
Ronald A. Gagliano, Jr., MD, FASCRS, FACS
Ra aella DeRosa, MD A P S y
U yR C h U v yS h M
p A yM C Ch ,D p S y
H ,H D yH h M G pA z
Ph ,A z
Charles S. Dietrich III, MD
P D , OBGYN R y Alan P. Gehrich, MD, COL, MC
Gy O yS v Ch , F P v M R v
p A yM C S y
H ,H A Ch , D p O /Gy
p A yM C
Matthew Eckert, MD H ,H
A S A P
M A yM C U S v U v y h H hS
,W h W h , DC
 Co n t r i b u t o r s xv

John M. Giurini, DPM Richard K. Inae, MD, FACS, MC, FSs

A P S y G S y
H v M Sh Ch W A yC yH p
Dv P S y F S ,G
D p S yB h I D M
C William J. Jordan, MD
B ,M h S S
S R O h p Sp M
Patrick Golden, DO T W ,
S S
B h A yC yH p ovy Haber Kamine, MD
F C p ,K y Ch R
D p S y
Julia B. Greer, MD, MPH B hI D M C
A P ,M B ,M h
D p M
Dv G y, H p y Ekkehard M. Kasper, MD
N Dv N y, D p S y
U v y P hS h M P h B hI D M C
P h, P yv H v M Sh
B ,M h
Lauren Greer, MD
S S ony Katras, MD, RV , FACS, COL, MC, USAR
p A yM C S V S yC
H ,H p AMC C P S y USUHS
D
Mark A. Gromski, MD USUHS M S S yC hpS
C F V S
G y A v E py S C H p
Dv G y H p y H ,H
I U v yS h M
I p ,I Dwight C. Kellicut, MD, FACS
A P
U S v U v y h H hS
Steven M. Henriques, MD
D p S y
G M yI v v S y
p A yM C
M D S G p
H ,H
M ,F

Kelly G. Kilcoyne, MD
Bonnie B. Hunt, DO A P S y
S yR U S v U v y h H hS
p A yM C D p O h p S y
H ,H W B A yM C
E P ,
Farah A. Husain, MD, FACS, FASMBS
A P ,S y Booker . King, MD, COL, MC
Dv B S v D US A y B C
O H h S U v y US A y I S R h
P ,O F S H ,
xvi Co n t r i b u t o r s

Omar Yuse Kudsi, MD, MBA, FACS Anita Mamtani, MD

A P S y S R S y
f U v yS h M D p S y
B ,M h B hI D M C
H v M Sh
Jenny Lam, MD B ,M h
G S yR
U v y C Mark K. Markarian, MD, MSPH
S D ,C Dv P S y
B ,M h
Kiran Lagisetty, MD
R Matthew J. Martin, MD, FACS, FASMBS
B hI D M C A P S y
B ,M h U S v U v y h H hS
D p S y
Henry Lin, MD, FACS M A yM C
A P J B L -M Ch
U S v U v y h H hS W h
C p ,M C p ,U S N vy
D p H G S y U y Pamela C. Masella, DO
N v H p C pL J p A yM C
C pL J ,N h C H ,H

Kevin M. Lin-Hurtubise, MD, FACS, MAJ, MC, Kai Matthes, MD, PhD
USAR A P A h
Ch , I Rv B , PRMC H v M Sh
A C P S y, J h A. B A j S ,B Ch ’H p
Sh M (JABSOM) B ,M h
S S O P v P A h
D p S y AMGI M , H
p A yM C
H ,H Laura Mazer, MD, MS
S E F
Ali Linsk, MD D p S y
G S yR S U v y
D p S y S ,C
B hI D M C
B ,M h Robert A. Mazzoli, MD, FACS, COL(Ret), MC
D ,E , ,S ,
Alexander Malloy, DO R
S R D D-VA V C E
G S y Oph h P ,R v, O
p A yM C S y
H ,H A P Oph h y
U S v U v y h H hS
(USUHS)
M A yM C
,W h
 Co n t r i b u t o r s xvii

Jeremy McCallum, MD, CP , MC Angela Penn, MD, FACS

D p S y, O h p D p S y
p A yM C p A yM C
H ,H H ,H

Robert C. McMurray, MD, CP Richard M. Peterson, MD, MPH, FACS, FASMBS

D p G S y A P ,S y
p A yM C Dv M yI v v G S y
H ,H U v y H hS C S A
S A ,
Marcos Molina, MD
R Brian J. Pottor , MD
B hI D M C G S
B ,M h C H h Phy G p
C ,C
Fares Nigim, MD
Dv N y, D p S y William V. Rice, MD
B hI D M C A P D ,G S yR y
H v M Sh W B A yM C
B ,M h A P S y
P LF Sh M
Mary . O’Donnell, MD E P ,
Ch R ,G S A P S y
ACS AEI E F U S v U v y h H hS
USUHS h F B h ,M y
W R N M yM C
B h ,M y Amber E. Ritenour, MD, FACS
G S y
Stephen R. Odom, MD p A yM C
A P S y H ,H
D p S y
B hI D M C Joshua S. Ritenour, MD, FACS
B ,M h G S y
p A yM C
Christopher S. Ogilvy, MD H ,H
P ,N y
B hI D M C E. Matthew Ritter, MD, FACS
H v M Sh A P S y
B ,M h V Ch ,E
P D
Morohunranti O. Oguntoye, MD N Cp C G S yR y
C p h v Oph h P D
D p Oph h y ACS A S E /S
M A yM C F hp
,W h T D p S y U S v
U v y h H hS h W R
N M yM C
B h ,M y