1.

Quadratic expressions and equation 2

1. Complete the table below for the function y  2 x 3  5 x 2  x  6 (2 mks)

x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

2x3 -128 -54 0 2 16

5x2 80 45 20 5 0 5 20

-x 4 3 0 -1

-6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6

y -50 -6 0
(b) On the

grid provided draw the graph y  2 x 3  5 x 2  x  6 for  4  x  2 . Use 2cm to represent 1 unit on
the x-axis and 1 cm to represent 5 units on the y – axis (4 mks)
(c) By drawing a suitable line, use the graph in (b) to solve the
i. equation 2 x 3  5 x 2  x  4  0 (2 mks)
ii. equation 2 x 3  5 x 2  x  2  0 (2 mks)

2. The curve y  2 x 2  6 x  9 passes through the point P(2, 5)

(a) Determine the gradient function of the curve (1 mk)
(b) Determine the coordinates and nature of the turning point of the curve (5mks)
(c) Find the equation in the form y  mx  c of the
(i) Tangent to the curve at P (2mks)
(ii) Normal to the curve at P (2mks)
3. The sketch below represents the graph of y = x2 – x – 6. Use the curve and five trapezia to estimate
the area bounded by the x – axis, y – axis and the line x = 5. (3mks)

4. Draw the graph of y = 2x2 + x – 2 and use it to solve the equations (10 marks)
a) 2x2 + x – 2 = 5
b)2x2 + x – 5 = 0
c)2x2 +2x – 3 = 0
5. Plot a graph of y = 2x2 + 3x – 5, -4 ≤ x ≤ 2 by completing the table below.
 x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
2x2 -18 0
3x -12 -3 6
-5
y -3 0
Use your graph to solve
(i) 2x2 + 3x – 5 = 0
(ii) 2x2 + 6x – 2 = 0

6. Given the equation of a quadratic curve y = x2 + 5x – 3

(a) (i) Complete the table below for the function y = x2 + 5x – 3 for -6  x  1

x -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
y -3 -7 -9 -3 3
(2mks)
(ii) Draw the graph of y = x2 + 5x – 3 for -6  x  1 (3mks)
(b) (i) State the equation of the line of symmetry for the graph (1mk)
(ii) Use the graph you have drawn to solve the equations;
x2 + 5x – 3 = 0 (1mk)
x2 + 4x – 2 = 0 (2mks)
x2 + 5x – 3 = -3 (2mks)
7. (a) Draw the graph of
y = 2x2 – x – 3 for -3  x  3 (5 marks)
(b) Using a suitable line solve
2x2 – 3x – 50 = 0 (5 marks)
8. (a) Draw the graph of y = x2 + 4x + 1 for -4 ≤ x ≤ 2. (Show the table of values)
(b) On the same axis, draw line y = 3x + 2.
(c) Use the graph to solve the equations
(i) x2 + 4x +1 = 0
(ii) x2 + x -1=0
9. a) Draw the graph of the equation
y = x3 – 9x for – 4 ≤ x ≤ 4
b) Use your graph to solve the following equations
i) x3 = 9x
ii) y–5=0
iii) 0 = x3 – 13x – 12 (10 Mks)
10. On the grid provided draw the graph of y= x3 -3x2-9x +2 for -3  x  5 (5 marks)
a) Use your graph to solve :
i. x3 -3x2-9x +2 =0 (2 mark)
3 2
ii. x – 3x -6x + 8 =0 (3 marks)
2
11. (a) Use a convenient scale to draw the graph of y = -x + 5x – 3 for the range - 2  x  6
(b) Use your graph to determine the roots of the equation 5x – x2 – 3 = 0
 (c) Use your graph to solve the equation 2x – x2 + 3 = 0 by drawing a suitable straight line

12. Find a quadratic equation whose roots are 2.5 + 3 and 2.5 – 3, expressing it in the form
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Where a, b and c are integers

13. Find the products of 17.3 and 13.8. Find also the percentage error in getting the product.
14. (a) Complete the table below for the equation :- y = x2 + 3x – 6 for -6  x  4
x -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
y 12 -6 -6 22

(b) Using a scale 1cm to represent 2 units in both axes. Draw the graph of y = x2 + 3x – 6
(c) Use your graph to solve:-
(i) X2 + 3X = 6
(ii) X2 + 3X – 2 = 0

15. (a) Complete the table for the function: y = 2x2 + 3x + 1

x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
2x2 18 0 18
3x + 1 -7 0 10
y 11 1 6

(b) Use the table in (a) above to draw the graph : - y = 2x2 + 3x + 1 for -4  x  3
(c) Use the graph in (b) to solve the equation :-
(i) 2x2 + 4x – 3 = 0
(ii) x2 + 3x + 2 = 3
2
16. A youth group decided to raise Ksh 480,000 to buy a piece of land costing Ksh. 80,000 per
hectare. Before the actual payment was made, four of the members pulled out and each of those
remaining had to pay an additional Kshs. 20,000.
(a) If the original number of the group members was x, write down;
(i) An expression of how much each was to contribute originally.
(ii) An expression of how the remaining members were to contribute after the four pulled out.
(b) Determine the number of members who actually contributed towards the purchase of the
land.
(c) Calculate the ratio of the supposed original contribution to the new contribution.
(d) If the land was sub-divided equally, find the size of land each member got. (2 mk)

17. a) Draw the graph of y = 2x2 + x – 2 given the range -3 ≤ x ≤ 2

b) Use your graph above to solve
i) 2x2 + x – 2 =0
ii) 2x2 + x – 3 =0
iii) 2x2 + x-5 =0

18. Three planes A, B and C leave an airport P simultaneously at 9.30a.m. Plane A flies on
a bearing of 070o from P at a speed of 400km/h. Plane B flies on a bearing of 290oat a
speed of 500km/h. Plane C flies on a bearing of 162o from P at a speed of 300km/h.
(Use scale drawing for this question)
(a) Show by scale drawing, the relative positions of the 3planes A, B and C three hours
after leaving airport P. (Use scale 1cm represents 200km)
 (b) After 3 hours, B turns and head straight to the current position of A at the same
speed it had. Determine the scale drawing , the time it takes to reach this point, to
the nearest minute
(c) Determine the bearing and distance of B from C after the first 3 hours of flight after
leaving P

19. a) Use trapezoidal rule to find the area between the curve y = x2 + 4x + 4, the x- axis and the
co-ordinates x = - 2 and x = 1. Take values of x at intervals of ½ unit.
b) Use integration to find the exact area. Hence find the percentage error in your approximation.

20. a) Use trapezoidal rule to find the area between the curve y = x2 + 4x + 4, the x- axis and the
co-ordinates x = - 2 and x = 1. Take values of x at intervals of ½ unit.
b) Use integration to find the exact area. Hence find the percentage error in your approximation.
21. Draw the graph of y = 2x2 – 4x - 5 for x between -3 and 5 on the grid provided
(a) State the line of symmetry for the graph
(b) State the range of values for which 2x2 – 4x – 5 0
(c) On the same set of axes, draw the graph of y=2x +3
(d) Determine the solutions to the equation: 2x2 – 4x – 5 = 2x +3

22. Complete the table below for the equation y = 5 + 3x -2x2 by filling in the blank space
X -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Y -9 3 6 6 -4

(i) Use the values from the table above to draw the graph of y = 5 + 3x -2x2 (3mks
(ii) Use the graph to:-
(a) Find the maximum point of the function 5 + 3x -2x2
(b) Determine the range of values and give the integral values which satisfy
the inequality 5 + 3x -2x2  -2
23. (a) Complete the table below for the function y = 2x2 + 4x – 3
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
2x2 32 8 2 0
4x – 3 -11 -3 5
y -3 3 13

(b) Draw the graph of the function y = 2x2 + 4x – 3 and use your graph to estimate the roots of
the equation 2x2 + 4x – 3 = 0.
(c) In order to solve graphically the equation 2x2 + x – 5 = 0, a straight line must be drawn to
intersect the curve y = 2x2 + 4x – 3. Determine the equation of this line, draw it and hence
obtain the roots of the equation 2x2 + x – 5 = 0 to 1 decimal place.

24. a) Complete the table for the function y = 1 – 2x – 3x2 - 3 ≤ x ≤ 3.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
-3x2 -27 -3 0 -12
-2x 4 0 -6
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
y -20 1 -15

b) Using the table above, draw the graph of y = 1 – 2x – 3x2 (Scale 1 cm represent 0.5 units on
 x-axis and 1 cm rep 2 units on the y – axis on the grid provided.
c) Use the graph in (b) above to solve.
(i) 1 – 2x – 3x2 = 0
(ii) 2 – 5x – 3x2 = 0

25. A quadratic equation x2 + ax – b = 0 has roots 1 and -5 , determine the values of a and b

26. Find a quadratic equation whose roots are 1.5 + 2 and 1.5 – 2 , expressing it in the
form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are integers

27. If a2 + b2 = 89 and a + b = 13
(a) Find the values of;
(i) a2 + 2ab + b2
(ii) 2ab
(iii) a2 – 2ab + b2
(iv) a - b
(b) Determine the values of a and b
 1. Approximation and errors

1. The length and breadth o a rectangular room are 15cm and 12 cm respectively. If each of these
measurements is liable to 1.5% error, calculate the absolute error in the perimeter of the room
(3 mks)
2. The length and width of a rectangle are stated as 18.5cm and 12.4cm respectively. Both
measurements are given to the nearest 0.1cm.
a) Determine the lower and upper limit of each measurement. (1 mark)
b) Calculate the percentage error in the area of the rectangle. (3 marks)
3. The top of a table is a regular hexagon. Each side of the hexagon measures 50.0cm Find
the maximum percentage error in calculating the perimeter of the top of the table
(3mks)
4. A rectangular room has length 12.0 metres and width 8.0 metres. Find the maximum
percentage error in estimating the perimeter of the room.

5. In this question mathematical tables or calculator should not used. The base and perpendicular
height of a triangle measured to the nearest centimeters are 12cm and 8cm respectively;
Find ;
(a) the absolute error in calculating the are of the triangle
b) the percentage error in the area, giving the answer to 1 decimal place

6. A rectangular plate has a perimeter of 28cm. determine the dimensions of the plate that
give the maximum area

7. A wire of length 5.2m is cut into two pieces without wastage. One of the pieces is
3.08m long. What is the shortest possible length of the second piece?

8. The dimensions of a rectangle are 10cm and 15cm. If there is an error of 5% in each of the
Measurements. Find the percentage error in the area of the rectangle.

9. Find the products of 17.3 and 13.8. Find also the percentage error in getting the product.

10. The mass of a metal is given as 14kg to the nearest l0g. Find the percentage error in this
measurement.

11. Complete the table below for the functions y = cos x and y = 2 cos (x +30°) for 0° ≤ X ≤ 360°

X 0° 30° 60° 90° 120° 150° 180° 210° 240° 270° 300° 330° 360°
Cos X 1 0.87 0.5 -0.5 0.87 -1.0 0.5 0 0.87 1
2 cos 1.7 0 - -2.0 -1.73 -1.0 1 1.73 2.00 1.73
(x+ 3 1.0
30°)

a) On the same axis, draw the graphs of y = cosx and y = 2 cos (x + 30°) for 0°≤ X≤ 360° b)
i) State the amplitude of the graph y = cos x°
ii) State the period of the graph y = 2cos (x + 30°)
c) Use your graph to solve
cos x = 2 cos (x + 30°)

12. Given that 8≤ y ≤ 12 and 1 ≤ x ≤ 6, find the maximum possible value of:
y+x
y–x
 1. Trigometry 2

1. Solve the equation: (2 mks)

Sin 5 X   1 for 00  X  1800

2 2
2. (a) Complete the table below, leaving all your values correct to 2 d.p. for the functions y
= cos x and y = 2cos (x + 30)0 (2 mks)
X0 00 600 1200 1800 2400 3000 3600 4200 4800 5400
cosX 1.00 -1.00 0.50
2cos(x+30) 1.73 -1.73 0.00

(b) For the function y = 2cos(x+30)0

State:
(i) The period (1 mk)
(ii) Phase angle (1 mk)
(c) On the same axes draw the waves of the functions y = cos x and y = 2cos(x+30)0
for 00  x  5400 . Use the scale 1cm rep 300 horizontally and 2 cm rep 1 unit vertically
(4 mks)

(d) Use your graph above to solve the inequality 2 cos x  300  cos x  (2 mks)
3. Find the value of x in the equation.
Cos(3x - 180o) = √3 in the range Oo < x < 180o (3 marks)
2
11
4. Given that tan   and ө is an acute angle, find without using tables cos (90 – ө)
60
(2mks)
5. Solve for ө if -¼ sin (2x + 30) = 0.1607, 0 ≤ ө ≥ 3600 (3mks)
6. Given that Cos  = 5/13 and that 2700    3600 , work out the value of Tan  + Sin  without using a calculato
or mathematical tables. (3 marks)
7. Solve for x in the range 0  x  180
0 0
(4mks)
-8 sin2x – 2 cos x = -5.
8. If tan xo = 12/5 and x is a reflex angle, find the value of 5sin x + cos x without using a
calculator or mathematical tables

9. Find  given that 2 cos 3 -1 = 0 for 0o    360o

10. Without a mathematical table or a calculator, simplify: Cos300o x Sin120o giving your answer in
Cos330o – Sin 405o rationalized surd form.

11. Express in surds form and rationalize the denominator.

1
Sin 60o Sin 45o - Sin 45o
12. Simplify the following without using tables;
Tan 45 + cos 45sin 60
13. Simplify the following surds in the form of a + b c where a, b, and c are constants
5 2
2 2- 5 + 2 2- 5

14. John cycles from shopping centre A on a bearing of 120o for 5 km to shopping centre B. He then
cycles on a bearing of 2000 for 7 km to the shopping centre C. Calculate to 1 decimal place.
a) The direct distance from A to C.
b) The bearing of A from C.
c) Bearing of B from C.
 1. Surds
1
1. Given that Tan   and  is an acute angle, find without using tables or calculators, Sin
5
(90 -  ), leaving your answer in simplified surd form. (2mks)
2. Given that 3  1.7321 , express in surd form, rationalize the denominator and then find the value
of the expression below to 5 significant figures without using the calculator. (3mks)
2  tan 60 0
3  2 cos 30 0

3.   
Simplify 1  3 1  3 and hence evaluate
1
1 3
to 3 significant figures given that 3  1.7321 .
(3mks)
4. Without using mathematical tables or calculators, find the volume of a container whose base is a

regular hexagon of side 3 cm and height 2 3 cm (4 mks)

5. Simplify; 3 1 leaving the answer in the form a + b c , where a, b and c are
+
rational numbers 7 –2 7
2+ 5 __ 3 + 5
6. Given that:- 2- 5 2+ 5 =a+ b 5
Find the values of a and b where a and b are rational numbers

7. If:- 14 - 14 =a 7+b 2
7 - 12 7+ 2 Find the values of a and b, where a and b are rational numbers *

8. Rationalize the denominator 2- 2 and express your answer in the form of a + c 2

3
( 2 – 1)
9. The figure below is a right pyramid with a rectangular base ABCD and vertex V.
V

15cm

D C

O 6cm
A
8cm B
O is the centre of the base and M is a point on OV such that OM = 1/3 OV, AB = 8 cm, BC = 6 cm
and VA = VB=VD = VC = 15 cm. Find ;
i) The height OV of the pyramid.
ii) The angle between the plane BMC and base ABCD.
10. Find the value of y which satisfies the equation
Log 10 5 – 2 + log10 (2y + 10) = log10 (y – 4)

11. Simplify the expression √ 3 - √ 2 giving your answer in the for of a + b √ c.

√3 + √2
 1. Further logarithms
1. Solve for x
125-x x 52(x-2) = 25 (x+2) (3mks)
1 3
2. Solve for y in the equation  log 3 y  2  log 3 y  (3mks)
2 2
3. Find the value of x if 49 x+1 + 7 2x = 350 (3mks)
4. Find x in 2(4x) – 10(2x) + 8 = 0 (4mks)
5. Solve for x in 22x – 18 x 2x = 40 (3mks)
6. Evaluate without using mathematical tables. (3mks)
1
2 log 5  log 16  2 log 40
2
log10 63
7. Given that log10 3 = x and log10 7 = y, Express in terms of x and y. (3mks)
log10 147
8. Find x if 32x+3 + 1 = 28 (2 mks)
2
3x  2
9. If  16   3 3
   ,find the value of x (3mks)
9 4
10. In this question, show all the steps in your calculations, giving the answer at each stage.
Use logarithms correct to 4 decimal places, to evaluate; (1934)2 x 0.00324
Log 746
11. The table below shows monthly income tax rates
Monthly taxable pay in KE Rate of the tax (Kshs/ E)
1 – 342 2
343 – 684 3
685 – 1026 4
1027 – 1368 5
1369 – 1710 6
1710 and above 7

Mr. Kamau who is a civil servant earns a Monthly salary of Kshs.20000 and is provided with a house
at a nominal rent of Kshs.700 per month
a) Taxable pay is the employee’s salary plus 15% less nominal rent. Calculate Mr.Kamau’s
taxable pay
b) Calculate the total tax Mr. Kamau pays
c) Mr. Kamau is entitled to a personal relief of Kshs.600 per month. What was his net tax .
d) Mr. Kamau has the following deductions made on his pay;
Loan repayment of Kshs.2100 per month
NSSF Kshs.200 per month
WCPS calculated at 2 % of monthly salary
Calculate Mr. Kipchokes net pay

12. A man bought a matatu at Kshs.400,000 in January 1999. It depreciated at a rate of 16%
per annum. If he valued it six months, calculate its value in January 2003

13. The table shows corresponding values of x and y for a certain curve;

x 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3

y 6.5 6.2 5.2 4.3 4.0 2.6 2.4
 Using 3 strips and mid-ordinate rule estimate the area between the curve, x-axis,
the lines x =1 and x =2.2

14. Evaluate without using a calculator or mathematical tables.

Log 32 + log 128 – log 729
Log 32 + log 2 – log 27

15. Find the value of x that satisfies the equation:-

log (x+5) = log 4 – log(x+2)

16. Find the least number of terms for which the sum of the GP 100 + 200 + 400 + ………………..
exceeds 3100.
17. A two digit number is formed from the first four prime numbers.
a) Draw the table to show the possible outcomes, if each number can be used only once.
b) Calculate the probability that a number chosen from the digit numbers is an even number

18. Find the gradient of a line joining the centre of a circle whose equation is x2 + y2 – 6x = 3 – 4y
and a point P(6,7) outside the circle..

19. A lady invests shs.10,000 in an account which pays 16% interest p.a. The interest is
compounded quarterly. Find the amount in the account after 1½ hrs

20. Use logarithm tables to evaluate

13.6 cos 40o
3
63.5

21. Without using logarithms or calculator evaluate:

2log105 – 3log102 + log1032

22. Evaluate without using tables or calculators.

Log 3x + 8 - 3 log2 = log x - 4
 1. Commercial Arithmetic 2
1. The table below shows the rate at which income tax is charged for all taxable income.
INCOME RATE IN EXCH TWENTY SHILLINGS
On the first shs.116 160 10%
On the next shs.109 440 15%
On the next shs.109 440 20%
On the next shs.109 440 25%
On all income over shs.444 480 30%
Mr. Nyongesa earns a basic salary of sh.54, 450 per month. He is housed by the company and therefore 15% of his monthly
salary is added to the basic salary as a taxable income. He is also given taxable medical and transport allowances of shs.4,000 and
shs.2,000 per month respectively. He is entitled to a family relief of sh.1, 100 per month.
(a) Calculate Nyongesa’s annual taxable income (3 mks)
(b) Calculate his monthly P.A.Y.E after the relief (5 mks)
(c) If 20% of his basic salary goes towards deductions, determine his monthly income.
(2 mks)

2. All employees of silver springs enterprises pay income tax at the rate shown in the table below.

Taxable income (p.a) Rate sh. Per K₤

1 – 3780 2
3781-7560 3
7561-11,340 4
11,341-OVER 5

Mr. Mooka earns a basic salary of sh.12,150 and a house allowance of sh.2800 per month. He is
entitled to a family relief of sh.450 per month. A part from income tax the following deductions are also made from his monthly pay.
a) Servicing loan payment sh.450
b) Hospital fund sh.260
c) Sacco contribution sh.120

Determine Mr. Mooka’s net monthly income. (10 marks)

3. The taxation rates for income earned in a certain year were as follows:
Income Tax Rate
K£ p.a Kshs. Per £
1 – 4512 2
4513 – 9024 3
9025 – 13536 4
13537 – 18048 5
18049 – 22560 6
Over 22560 6.5
After a personal relief of Kshs.1056 per month, Otieno paid tax amounting to Kshs.18,152 that year.
a) How much tax would he have paid if he did not have the personal relief (2 mks)
b) Find his taxable income in K£ that year (5 mks)
c) If Otieno receives allowances amounting to 18% of the taxable income. Calculate his monthly basic salary in Kshs.
(3 mks)
4. Chepkemoi bought a new washing machine for Kshs.420,000. Its value depreciated over
the next 5years at the following rates; 15%, 13%, 12%, 9% and 7%. For the next 6 years,
the rate of depreciation remained constant at 5% then the rate of depreciation remained at 4%
each. How long did it take for the value of the washing machine to be 1/3 of its original value?
5. The table below shows income tax rates for the year 2006

Taxable income in shs. Pa Rate of tax in %

1 – 120,000 10
120,001 – 240,000 15
240,001 – 360,000 25
360,001 – 480,000 35
Over 480,000 50

Nafula is married and claims a tax relief of shs.1,120 per month. She stays in a company house
For which she pays a nominal rent of shs.1200 per month. She found that in a particular month,
her employer deducted shs.4830 as tax. If she is entitled to a maximum insurance policy; relief
of shs.600 per month. Calculate her monthly salary. (10mks)
6. The figure below represents two pulley wheels, centres A and B with a rubber band
CDEFGHC stretched round them. Radius of wheel centre A = 16cm, AB = 30cm. CD,
GF are tangents to the circles < CAB = 86.3°\

C
D
o
H 86.3
A
B

G F
a) calculate the length of the belt CD
b) Find the angle ABD
c) Find the length of the belt that would go round the pulleys (CDFGHC)

7. In the figure below, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and BD is a diagonal. EADF is a straight line,
CDF = 68o,  BDC = 45o and  BAE = 98o.

F 68o C
D 45o

B
Calculate the size of: A o
a)  ABD.
98
b)  CBD
E
8. A customer deposited Ksh.15,500 in a savings account. Find the accumulated amount
after 3½ years if interest was paid at 16% per annum compounded semi-annually

9. A retailer mixes three types of rice, Bismatti costing shs.120 per tin with Pishori costing shs.150
per tin and Ahero rice costing shs.80 per tin in the ratio x : 1 : 2 respectively. If he sells the
mixture at shs.137.50 per tin making a profit of 25%. Calculate the value of x.

10. Ashanti is a saleswoman and earns a commission on sales based on the monthly rates shown
in the table below:-

Sales (Kshs) Commission rate % of sales

The first 5000 10%
The next 3000 15%
Sales above 8000 20%

In addition, she earns a basic monthly pay of Kshs.6700. During a certain month, she earned
a total salary amounting to Kshs.8368. How much worth of sales did she make?

11. The table below shows the annual income tax rates for a certain year.

Total income per month in Kshs. Rates in Kshs. Per £

1-10164 2
10165 – 19740 3
19741 – 29316 4
29317 – 33892 5
388983 and above 6
Automatic personal relief shs.1162

Kiptoo earns a monthly salary of Kshs.25000. He is entitled to house and medical allowances
of Kshs.12000 and Kshs.3000 respectively
Calculate:
(a) His taxable income per month
(b) His monthly tax payable
 (c)His annual tax payable

12. A company employee earns a basic salary of Kshs.25,000 and is also given taxable allowances
amounting to Kshs.10,480.

Monthly taxable income Rate in Kshs. /Pound

1- 4350 2
4351 – 8900 3
8901 - 13455 4
13451 – 18005 5
18006 and above 6

Using the table of taxation above:-

(a) Calculate the employee’s taxable income
(b) If the employee is entitled to a personal tax relief of Kshs.800 per month, determine the net tax
(c) If the employee was given 40% increase in his income, calculate the percentage increase
in his income tax

13. A certain amount of money was invested at compound interest of 10% compounded
every two years for ten years. Given that the investor invested a total of 500,000/= at the
end of the ten years, find the amount of money invested to the nearest shillings

14. The cash price of a T.V set is Ksh. 26,000. Linda bought the set on hire purchase terms by
paying a deposit of Ksh. 6,000 and the balance by 24 equal monthly installments of
Khs. 1,045.30. Find the compound rate of interest per year.
.
15. What would Kshs.15000 amount to after 3years at 16% per annum compounded quarterly?
16 . Income rates for income earned were charged as follows:
Income in Kshs. p.m Rate in Kshs. per sh.20
1- 8400 2
8401- 18,000 3
18,001- 30,000 4
30,000 - 36,000 5
36,001 - 48,000 6
48,001 and above 7
A civil servant earns a monthly salary of Ksh.19,200. His house allowance is Ksh12,000 per
month. Other allowces per month are transport Ksh.1300 and medical allowance Ksh.2300.
He is entitled to a family relief of Kshs. 1240 per month.
Determine:
a) (i) His taxable income per month.
(ii) Net tax. b) In addition, the
following deductions were made
NHIF shs. 230
Service charge Kshs. 100
Loan repayment Kshs. 4000
Co-operative shares of Kshs. 1200.
Calculate his net salary per month.

17. Use the taxation rates in the table below to answer the questions that follow;-
Taxable income in K £ p.a Rate % per K£
1-4500 10
4501-7500 15
7501 – 10500 20
10501 – 13500 25
13501 – 16500 30
0ver 16500 35
The manager of a certain company is entitled to a monthly personal relief of shs.3000
and her tax (PAYE) is kshs.9000 per month she is also deducted NHIF shs.350 per month,
WCPS shs.800 per month and cooperative shares shs.1200 per month, calculate
(a) The managers total deductions per month
(b) Total tax per month
 (c) The manager’s annual gross salary
(d) The manager’s monthly basic salary if her monthly allowance and medical allowances
are 10000 and 2000 shillings

18. The table below shows the income tax for a certain year;
Monthly taxable income (Kshs.) Tax rates (%)
1- 9680 10%
9681- 18800 15%
18801 – 27920 20%
27921 – 37040 25%
37940 and above 30%
In that year, Odero paid a net tax of Kshs.5,512 per month. His total monthly taxable allowances
amounted to Kshs.15,220 and he was entitled to a monthly personal relief of kshs.1,162.
Every month the following deductions were made;
N.H.I.F Kshs.320
Union dues Kshs.200
Co-operative shares Kshs.7,500
(a) Calculate Odero’s monthly basic salary in Kshs
(b) Calculate his monthly salary

19. (a) A car is worth shs.800,000 when new. During the first year it depreciates by 20%
of its value and in the second it deprecates by 5% of its value at the start of the year.
During the third, fourth and fifth year, depreciation rate is 10%. How much less will
it cost at the end of the fifth year?
(b) Find by how much the compound interest will exceed simple interest on shs.3,000
for two years at 15% per year

20. The table below shows the income tax rates:

Income per month (K£) Rate in Kshs per £
1 - 325 2
326 – 975 3
976 - 1300 5
1301 – 1625 6
Over 1625 7.50
Mr. Misoi is a public servant who lives in a government house and pays a nominal rent of Kshs.1,220 per month. He earns a basic salary of Kshs.
24,800 and a house allowance of Kshs.12,000 per month. He is entitled to a monthly relief of kshs.1620.
(a) Calculate his monthly;
(i) Taxable income in K£
(ii) Tax payable without relief
(iii) Tax after relief
(b) Apart from the income tax. The following monthly deductions are made from his earnings
-HELB loan repayment Kshs.2400
- Health insurance fund Kshs.1200
- 2% of Basic salary union fee

Calculate:- (i) the total monthly deduction made on Mr. Misoi’s income
(ii) Mr. Misoi’s net income per month

21. Joseph bought a camera on hire purchase (H.P) term by paying a deposit of shs.7200
and cleared the balance in 24 equal monthly installments each of 1250.
(a) find the hire purchase price of the camera
(b) the hire purchase price of the camera is 24% higher than the cash price. Find the
cash price of the camera
(c) Kangara took a loan from a financial institution and bought the camera with cash.
He repaid the loan at 18% p.a compound interest at the end of the two years. Find
the total interest paid by Kangara.

22. Income tax for all the income earned was charged at the rates shown.
Total Income p.a (K.£) Rate in sh per K£
1 – 1980 2
1981 – 3960 3
3961 – 6440 5
6441 – 7920 7
7921 – 9900 9
Excess of 9900 10
(a) Wanyonyi earned a salary of Kshs.10,500 per month. In addition he was given a house
allowance of Kshs. 6500 per month. He got tax relief of Kshs. 300 per month.
Find ; (i) His taxable income p.a
(ii) Income tax he pays per month. (b) A part from income tax
the following deductions are made per month. NHIF of Kshs.320,
widow and pension scheme of 2% of his gross salary. Calculate his net monthly pay.
 1. Circles –chords and tangents
1. In the figure below not drawn to scale. DC is a tangent to the circle. DC = 6cm, AB = 5cm. Calculate
BC. (3mks)

2.

G 3x0

K
C D

The figure above shows a circle in which chords AD and BC intersect at G. chords AB and
CD produced meet at K.
(a) If BGD  3x 0 and CGD  2 x , determine the size of BGA (2 mks)

(b) Given that KB = 5 cm, KC = 15 cm and KD = 7 cm, determine the length of KA

(3 mks)
(c) Giving reasons for your answer, show that triangle KDA and KBC are similar
(5 mks)
3. The figure below shows a circle with secants ABE and CDE, If AB = 4cm and BE = 6 cm and DE =
4 cm. Find the length of CD. (2mks)
4. In the figure below, CF is a tangent to the circle. BC = 3cm, ED = 4cm and DC = 2cm.

Find:-
a. AB (2 mks)
b. FC (2 mks)
5. In the figure below angle BAC =52o, angle ACB = 40o and AD = DC. The radius of
the circle is 7cm. EF is a tangent to the G
circle
A

52o
B O
D

40o
F
C

(a) Find; giving reasons E

(i) angle DCF
(ii) angle AOB (obtuse)
(b) Calculate the area of the shaded segment AGB

6. In the figure below, O is the centre of the circle. Angle CBA = 50o and angle BCO = 30o.
Find the size of the angle BAC
B

50o
 O
30o
A
C
7. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle and AOBP is a straight line. PT is a
tangent to the circle. If PT = 12cm and BP = 4cm. find the radius of the circle
P

4cm
B
12cm
O

A
T

8. In the figure below AOD is a diameter of the circle cetre O. BC is a chord parallel to AD. FE is a
tangent to the circle. OF bisects angle COD. Angle BCE = angle COE = 20o BC cuts OE at X

A
O

•
B 20o

X D
20o
E
C
Calculate;
(a) angle BOE
(b) angle BEC
(c) angle CEF F
(d) angle OXC
(e) angle OFE
9. The figure below shows two pulleys of radii 6cm and 4cm with centres A and B respectively.
AB = 8cm. The pulleys are connected by a string PQXRSY
P
Q

Y A B X

8cm
Calculate: R
S
 (a) Length PQ
(b) PAS reflex
(c) Length of arc PYS and QXR
(d) The total length of the string PQXRSY
10. a) Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 3hrs and 4 hrs respectively. Pipe C can empty the full tank
in 6 hrs.
i) How long would it take pipes A and B to fill the tank if pipe C is closed?
ii) Starting with an empty tank, how long would it take to fill the tank with all pipes running?
b) The high quality Kencoffee is a mixture of pure Arabica coffee and pure Robusta coffee in
the ratio 1 : 3 by mass. Pure Arabica coffee costs shs. 180 per kg and pure Robusta coffee costs
sh 120 per kg. Calculate the percentage profit when the coffee is sold at sh 162 per kg.
11. In the figure below, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and BD is a diagonal. EADF is a straight line,
CDF = 68o,  BDC = 45o and  BAE = 98o.
F
68o C
D
45o

B
A 98o

E
Calculate the size of:
a)  ABD.
b)  CBD

12. The figure below shows a circle centre O. AB and PQ are chords intersecting externally
at a point C. AB = 9cm, PQ = 5cm and QC = 4cm. Find the value of x
A 9cm B
x
C
4cm
5cm
P

13. The chords AB and PQ intersects internally at O. Given that the length of OP=8cm,
OA= 4.5cm and OQ=6cm. Calculate the length of OB

P A
8cm 4.5cm

O 6cm

B Q
14. In the figure below ABC is a tangent to the circle at B. given that <ABG=40º,
<BGD=45º, and <DBE=25º as shown below.

Find the sizes of the following angles giving reasons in each case:
a) BDG
b)DGE
c)EFG
d)CBD
e)BCD
15. The figure below shows two intersecting circles radii 8 cm and 6 cm respectively.
The common chord AB = 9cm ad P and Q are the centres as shown:

A
8cm
6cm
P Q

B
(a) Calculate the size of angles:-
(i) APB
(ii) AQB
(b) Calculate the area of the shaded region

16. The figure O and P are centres of two intersecting circles. ABE is tangent to circle BCD
at B angle BCD is 42o
D
C
42o

A O P

(a) Giving reasons for your answer, find:- B

E
 (i) CBD
(ii) DOB
(iii) DAB
(iv) CDA
b) Show that ADB is isosceles

17.

N
In the figure above K, M & P are points on a straight line. PN is a tangent of the circle centre O.
Angle KOL = 130o and angle MKN = 40o. Find, giving reasons, the values of angles.
(i) MLN
(ii) OLN
(iii) LNP
(iv) MPN
(v) LMO
18. In the diagram below, O is the centre of the circle of radius 8cm. BA and BC are tangents
to the circle at A and C respectively. PD is the diameter and AC is a chord of length 8cm.
Angle ADC = 120o. ARC is an arc of the circle, Centre B and radius 4.6cm
Calculate correct to 2 decimal places
A
(a) Angle ABR
(b) Area of sectors ABCR and OAPC
(c) Area of the shaded part
B P R•O
D

19. In the figure below, ATX is a tangent to the circle at point T, ABC is a straight line, angle
ABT = 100o, angle XTD = 58o and line AB C = line BT. C and D lie on the circle
X

58o
T
D

100o
A B C

Find by giving reasons, the value of angle:

(a) TDC
 (b) TCB
(c) TCD
(d) BTC
(e) DTC
20. In the figure below, B, D, E, F and G are on the circumference of the circle centre O. A, B
and C form a tangent to the circle at point B. GD is the diameter of the circle. Given that
FG = DE, reflex angle GOB = 252°, angles DBC = 36° and FEG = 20°
F E
20o

252o
G D
O

36o
A C
B
Giving reasons in each case find the angles:
a) GEB
b) BED
c) OBE
d) BGE
e) GFE
21. XYZ is a triangle in which x = 13.4cm, Z= 5cm and XYZ =57.7o . Find:
(i) Length of XZ
(ii) The circum radius of the triangle
22. In the figure shown below, the centers of the two circles are A and B. PQ is a
common chord to the two circles. AP = 6cm, BP=4cm and PQ =5cm

Calculate the area of the shaded region (take  as 3.142)

23. In the figure below NR is a diameter of the circle centre O. Angle PNR = 7500 ∠ NRM = 500
and ∠RPQ = 350. MRS and PQS are straight lines.
N P
75º
35º

M 50º
 Giving reasons for every statement you write, find the following angles
(a) ∠ PQR *
(b) ∠QSR
(c) Reflex ∠POR
(d) ∠ MQR
(e) ∠ PON

24. In the diagram below, ATX is a tangent to the circle at point T, ABC is a straight line,
ABT= 100o , XTD = 58o and the line AB = BT
X
D

Find giving reasons the value of : 58o C

(a) TDC
T
(b) TCB
(c) TCD
(d) BTC
(e) DTC 100o
B
A

25.

In the figure above AB = 6 cm, BC = 4 cm DC = 5 cm. Find the length DE.

26. The eleventh term of an AP is four times the second term. If the sum of the first seven terms
of the AP is 175, find the first term and the common difference
27. In the diagram below ABE is a tangent to a circle at B and DCE is a straight line.

If ABD = 60o, BOC = 80o and O is the centre of the circle, find with reasons BEC
28. The circle below circumscribes a triangle ABC where AB = 6.3cm, BC = 5.7cm and
AC = 4.8cm. Find the area of the shaded part (use π = 3.142)
A

4.8cm
6.3cm
C
5.7cm

Q
29.
38o

O
P
T
56o

S
R
(a) O is the centre of the circle and QOTS is a diameter. P, Q, R and S are points on the
circumference of the circle. Angle PQS = 38o and angle QTR = 56o.
Calculate the size of ;
(i) PRQ
(ii) RSQ
(b) Given that A varies directly as B and inversely as the cube of C and that;
A = 12 when B = 3 and C = 2. Find B when A = 10 and C = 1.5
(c) A quantity y is partly constant and partly varies inversely as the square of x.
The quantity y=7 when x=10 and y=5½ when x=20. Find the value of y when x=18
30. The figure below shows two intersecting circles with centres P and Q and radius 5cm
and 6cm respectively. AB is a common chord of length 8cm. Calculate;

A
5cm 6cm

P Q

: B
(a) the length of PQ
(b) the size of;
(i) angle APB
(ii) angle AQB
(c) the area of the shaded region
31. Triangle ABC is inscribed in the circle. AB= 7.8cm, AC 6.6cm and BC= 5.9cm. Find:

(a) The radius of the circle correct to one decimal place

(b) The area of the shaded region
32. The figure below shows two circles centres A and B and radii 6 cm and 8 cm respectively. The
circles intersect at P and Q. Angle PAB = 420 and angle ABQ = 300.

6cm 8cm
42º
A B
30º

qQ

(a) Find the size of ∠PAQ and PBQ.

(b) Calculate, to one decimal place the area of:
(i) Sector APQ and PBQ.
(ii) Triangle APQ and PBQ.
(iii) The shaded area (take π 22)

33. The minute hand of a clock is 6.5 cm long. Calculate the distance in cm moved by its tip
between 10.30 am. and 10. 45 a.m. to 2 dpl.
 1. Matrices

2 4   11 3 
1. Given that A    and B    find C such that B × C = A (3mks)
3 6   4 1
2. Use matrix method to solve the (3mks)
3y + 2x = 13
2y – 3x = 0
 2  1 a  2
3. A matrix P   , Q    and R    . Find the values of a and b given that PQ = R.
 4 3 b  1 
Using matrix method. (3mks)
x 0
4. A matrix A is given as A   
5 y 
2
(i) Determine A (1mk)
5. Two matrices A and B are such that
A= k 4 B= 1 2
3 2 3 4
Given that the determinant of AB = 4, find the value of K. (3 mks)
6. Given that A is 3 2 and A 1 2
4 -1 11 11
4 -3
11 11
Find the value of a and b in the expression: (3 mks)
3 2 a = 12
4 -1 b 5

7. Solve for the unknowns given that the following is a singular matrix.
1 2
x x-3

8. Given that A = 1 5 and B = 7 3 and that C = AB, find C-1

3 7 -4 -2

9. B is a matrix 3 2 and C is the matrix 9 -3

~ ~
2 2 2 1

. If A is a 2 x 2 matrix and A x B = C. determine the matrix A.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~
10. An object of area 20 cm2 undergoes a transformation given by the matrix
-1 -2 followed by 2 3 find the area of the final image.
4 3 -1 2

11. Find the matrix B such that AB = I and A = 3 2 . Hence find the point of intersection of the
-1 3
lines 3x + 2y = 10 and 3y – 4 = x.

2 3 2 -3
1 2 -1 2
12. Given that P = and Q = find ;the matrix product PQ. Hence solve the
simultaneous equations below:-
2x – 3y = 5
- x + 2y = – 3
13. Solve for x and y in the following matrix equation using elimination method

½ -¼ x 2
2 1 =
/5 /6 y 6

14. A triangle XYZ , X (-1, -1) , Y (-2, -4) Z (-6 , -9) is reflected in the line X axis followed
by a reflection in line X= Y. Find the image of the final image

15. Triangle ABC is the image of triangle PQR under a transformation M = 2 4 where
P, Q, R map onto A, B, C respectively. 0 2
Given the points P (5, -1) Q (6, -1) and R(4, - 0.5) draw the triangle ABC on the grid
provided.
b) Triangle ABC in (a) above is to be enlarged by scale factor 2 with centre at (11, - 6) to map
onto A1B1 and C1. Construct and label triangle A1B1 and C1 on the same grid.
c) By construction, find the coordinates of the centre and the angle of rotation which can be used
to rotate triangle AIBICI onto triangle AIIBII CII whose coordinates are (-3, -2) , (-3, -6) and
(-1, -2) respectively.

16. Triangle ABC with an area of 15 cm2 is mapped onto triangle AIBICI using matrix
M = 2 -3 . Find the area of triangle AIBICI.
1 1
5x 2
17. T is a transformation represented by the matrix -3 x under T a square whose area
is 10cm2 is mapped onto a square of area 110cm2. Find the possible values of X

18. Triangle A1B1C1 is the image of  ABC under a transformation represented by the matrix
M= 3 2
9 5
If the area of triangle A1B1C1 is 54cm2. Determine the area of triangle ABC

19. Find the matrix B such that AB = I and A = 3 2 . Hence find the point of intersection of the
-1 3
lines 3x + 2y = 10 and 3y – 4 = x.
 1. Formulae and variation

1. Make U the subject of the formula (3mks)

U 2V
X 
U 2 2W
2. A quantity P varies partly as t and partly as the square of t. When t = 20, P = 45 and when t =
24, P = 60. Find P when t = 32. (4 mks)
3. A quantity V is partly constant and partly varies inversely as the square of W. If W = 2 when V=
14 and W = 3 when V = 9. write an equation connecting V and W and hence find V when W = 6.
(4mks)
1 2
4. Given that T  express y in terms of T and X. (3mks)
2 x y
5. Make t the subject of the formula. (3 marks)

x = 1 + kt
kt – 1
6. Three quantities P, Q and R are such that P varies directly as the cube of Q and inversely as the
square of R.

a) Given that P = 16 when Q = 2 and R = 3. Determine the value of R when P= 288 and Q = 4 (5
marks)
b) Q decreases by 30% while R increases by 40%. Find the percentage decrease or increase in P.
(5 marks)
yp  y 
7. Make P the subject of the formula in x  (3mks)
p 1

8. P varies directly as Q and inversely as the square root of R.

Find the percentage decrease in P if Q decreases by 4 % when R increases by 44 % . (4mks)
m 1 3q  1
9. Given that q  express in terms of m in simplified form
2m  1 3q  1
(3 marks)
10. P varies as the square of R. R. varies as the square of T. When P = 18, R = 3 and T = 5. Express
P in terms of T hence find P when T = 10.

11. Make r the subject of the formula.

v = r
r+c

12. X varies as the cube of Y and inversely as square root of Z, X = 6 when Y = 3 and Z= 25.
(a) Find;
(i) An expression connecting X,Y,Z
(ii) X when Y = 7 and Z = 9
(iii) Y when X = 8 and Z = 16
b) If Y is increased by 20% and Z is decreased by 36%, find the percentage increase in X
13. Make b the subject of the formula;
K =ab
b –a
14. Find a quadratic equation whose roots are 2.5 + 3 and 2.5 – 3, expressing it in the form
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Where a, b and c are integers

15. A quantity Z varies directly as the square of x and inversely as the square root of y.
If x increases by 20% and y decreases by 36%, find the percentage change in Z

16. The fourth terms of a G.P is 48 and the seventh term is 384. Find the common ratio
and hence calculate the sum of the first six terms

17. A quantity P varies directly as the square of Q and inversely as quantity R. If P = 2

when Q = 4 and R=6, find P when Q = 8 and R= 4

18. B varies partly as the square of M and partly as the inverse of N. B,M and N are such that
when M=2, N= ½ , B=96 while when M= 3 , N=2, B = 46. Write an expression for B in
terms of M and N.

19. Solve for x and y.

3x =1
y-1

(2x + 2) : (y – 5) = 1 : 2

20. Make x the subject of the formula.. P = x–1

x+2
21. Make d the subject of the formula given that:-

a2 = 1 + d2 + b
b2 3

22. Z varies jointly as the square of x and inversely as the square of y. When x = 10 and
y = 4 then z = 15
(a) Find z in terms of x and y
(b) Find the value of x when z = 8 and y = 12

23. A quantity R partly varies as n and partly as the square root of n. When n = 9 R = 42 and
when n = 25 R = 100. Find R when n = 16.

24. Make b the subject of the formula.

a = bd
b2 + d

25. P varies party as Q and partly as the square root of Q. When Q = 4, P = 22 and when
Q = 9, P = 42. Find the value of P when Q = 25.

26. Make C the subject of the formula

b= k-aC
hence find the value of C when K= 1, a = 4 and b = 2
27. The velocity of water flowing through a pipe is inversely proportional to the square of the
radius of the pipe. If the velocity of the water is 30cm/s when the radius of the pipe is 2cm.
Find the velocity of water when the radius of the pipe is 4cm
28. Make x the subject of the formula

P =3 xy
z+ x
29. Three quantities x, y and z are such that x varies partly as y and partly as the inverse
of the square of Z . When x = 6, y = 3 and z= 2. When x = 8, y = 5 and z= 1. Find the
value of x when y = 10 and z= 8

30. The eleventh term of an AP is four times the second term. If the sum of the first seven terms
of the AP is 175, find the first term and the common difference

31. The resistance of an electrical conductor is partly constant and partly varies as the temperature.
When the temperature is 20oC, the resistance is 55 ohms. When the temperature is 28oC, the
resistance is 58 ohms. Find the resistance when the temperature is 60oC

32. Expand 1–1 5

(2x) -1 up to the term in x3. Hence or otherwise evaluate (0.98)5 to 4 d.p
 1. Binominial expansion

1. a) Using binomial expansion, determine the first five 5terms of the expansion: 2  1 x   8

(2mks)
b) Use the expansion above to evaluate  1 .75 
8
(2mks)
2. (a) Expand and simplify the binomial expression (2 + x)5 upto the term in x3. (2mks)
(b) Use your expression to estimate (1.97)5 correct to 4 s.f. (2mks)
5
3. (a) Expand 1 – 3x
(b) use your expansion to estimate the value of 0.997 Correct to 4 d.p.

4. (i) Expand 5 + X upto the term in X3

2 11 6
(ii) Use your expansion to estimate the value of 2 correct to one decimal place

5. (a) Expand ( 3 + 2x)6 up to the fourth term

(b) Use your expansion to estimate:- (3 3 )6
6 Two dice are thrown once and their sum noted. Find the probability that the sum is odd

7. Find the length PR in a triangle PQR having PQ = 5x 2 QR = 8.4cm angle QPR = 35o
12cm,
o x -3
and angle PRQ = 75 leaving your answer correct to decimal places

8. (a) Use binomial expansion to evaluate (2+3)5 up to the fifth term

x
(b) By expressing 9.5 in the form (2 + 3), use the expansion in (a) above to calculate (9.5)5
correct to 3 d.p x

9. Use the expansion of (x – 0.2)5 to find the exact value of 9.85

10. Solve for x in the equation;

log (x + 24) = 2 log 3 + log (9 – 2x).

11. Expand 1 + x in ascending powers of x upto the fourth term.

12
6
Use the four terms to evaluate 5/4 to 4 decimal places.

12. (a) Expand and simplify the binominal expression ( 1 + ½ x)8

(b) Use the expansion up to the fourth term to evaluate (1.05)8 to 2 decimal places

13. Expand (3 + x)4 in ascending powers of x. Use the first three terms of the expansion to
evaluate (3.02)4, correct to 3 decimal places
 1. Probability

1. During inter-school competitions, rugby and football teams from Ranje sec school took
part. The probability that the rugby would win their first match was ⅛ while that the

handball team could lose was 4 7 . Find the probability that;

(a) Both teams won their first matches. (1 mk)

(b) At least one team won the first match (3 mks)
2. Two identical baskets A and B contain white and red balls. Basket A contains 7 white balls and 3 red
balls while basket B contains 5 white balls and 5 red balls. A bag is chosen at random and 2 balls
picked from it one after another without replacement.
(a) Illustrate this information using a tree diagram. (2mks)
(b) Find the probability that:-
(i) The 2 balls picked are of the same colour. (2mks)
(ii) The two balls picked are of different colours. (2mks)
(iii) Only one of the balls picked is red. (2mks)
(iv) At least one white ball is picked. (2mks)
3. The probability that a girl goes to school by bus is 1/3 and by matatu is ½ .If she uses a bus, the
probability that she is late to school is 1/5 and if she uses a matatu the probability that she is late to
school is 3/20 . If she uses other means of transport, the probability of being late is 1/20.
a) Draw a probability tree diagram to represent this information. (3mks)
b) What is the probability that she will be late to school. (3mks)
c) What is the probability that she will be late for school if she does not use a matatu. (2mks)
d) What is the probability that she will not be late to school. (2mks)
4. If a certain unfair coin is tossed, the chance of obtaining a tail is 25%. Find:-
a) The probability of getting two heads when the coin is tossed twice. (2 mks)
b) The probability of obtaining at least one tail when the coin is tossed twice. (2 mks)
5. A bag contains 3 black balls and 6 white ones. If two balls are drawn from the bag one at a time,find;
(a) The probability of drawing a black ball and a white ball.
(i) Without replacement.
(ii) With replacement.
(b) Drawing two white balls.
(i) Without replacement.
(ii) With replacement.
6. A cupboard has 7 white cups and 5brown cups all identical in size and shape.
There is a blackout in the town and Mrs. Bett has to select three cups one after another
without replacing the previous ones.
(a) Draw a tree diagram for the information
(b) Calculate the probability that she chooses;
(i) Two white cups and one brown cup
(ii) Two brown cups and one white cup
(iii) At least one white cup
(iv) three cups of the same colour
7. A two digit number is formed from the first four prime numbers.
 a) Draw the table to show the possible outcomes, if each number can be used only once.
b) Calculate the probability that a number chosen from the digit numbers is an even number

8. The probability that a boy goes to school by bus is 1/3 and by matatu is ½. If he uses a bus,
the probability that he is late to school is 1/5 and if he uses a matatu, the probability of being
late is 3/10. If he uses other means of transport, the probability of being late is 1/20
(a) Draw a probability tree diagram to represent this information
(b) What is the probability that he will be late for school
(c) What is the probability that he be late for school if he does not use a matatu
(d) What is the probability that he is not late for school
9. One day during inspection in a certain secondary school, it was discovered that there was a
probability of 2/5 that a students had shaggy hair, if a student had shaggy hair, there was
a probability of ½ that he had torn uniform. But if he had properly combed hair, there was
a probability of ¼ that he had a torn uniform. If a student had torn uniform there was a probability
of 4/5 that he had unpolished shoes. Otherwise there was a probability of 3/5 that he had
polished shoes.
a) Represent this information in a probability tree diagram
b) Find the probability that:-
i) a student had all the three faults
ii) a students had exactly two faults
iii) a students had no faults at all
10. A shop is stocked with plates which are from two suppliers A and B. They are brought
in the ratio of 3:5 respectively. 10% of plates from A are defective and 6% of plates from
B are de
11. In a science class 2/3 of the class are boys and the rest are girls. 80% of the boys and 90% of
the girls are right handed and the rest are left handed. The probability that a right handed student
will break a test-tube in any session is 1/10 and the corresponding for the left handed student is 3/10,
their probability being independent of the student sex .
a) Complete the probability tree diagram given below
Break
R
B wBreak

L Break

wBreak
G R Break

wBreak
L Break

wBreak
b) Using the tree diagram, find the probability that :
i) A student chosen from the class is left handed ii)
A test-tube is broken by a left handed student
iii) A test-tube is broken by a right handed student
iv) A test-tube is not broken in any session

12. Students who performed well in an examination are to be given an outing. A student
has to throw two dice. If he gets a sum greater than 8, he gets a two-days outing,
otherwise he gets a one day outing.
 (a) Find the probability that a student gets a two-day outing
(b) A student who qualifies for a two-day outing throws a die and a coin to decide
whether he gets pocket money for the two days or for only one day. If he gets a
head and a multiple of 3 he gets pocket money for two days. Find the probability
that he is given a two-day outing but given pocket money for only one day
(c) If a student gets a one-day outing, he throws a die to decide if he gets pocket
money or not. If he gets a number greater than 4 he gets the pocket money.
Find the probability that:-
(i) A student gets pocket money for two days
(ii) A student gets pocket money

13. A bag contains 6 red beads and 4 white ones. Two beads are selected from the bag at random
without replacement.
(a) Draw a tree diagram to represent the above information.
(b) Calculate the probability that:
(i) Both beads are white.
(ii) Both beads are of the same colour.
(iii) At least a red bead is picked.
(iv) The two beads are of different colours.

14. A bag contains blue, green and red pens of the same type in the ratio 8:2:5respectively.
A pen is picked at random without replacement and its colour noted.
a) Determine the probability that the first pen picked is;
(i) blue
(ii) either green or red.
b) Using a tree diagram, determine the probability that;
(i) the first two pens picked are both green.
(ii) Only one of the first two pens picked is red.
c) (i) Draw the probability space for the possible outcomes when a coin is tossed and a die
thrown simultaneously
(ii) Determine the probability of getting a head and an even number.

15. A box contains five red balls and four black balls all identical. Three balls are drawn without
replacement from the box at random;
(a) Draw a tree diagram to show the situation
(b) use the tree diagram to find the probability that;
(i) the balls picked are of the same colour
(ii) more red balls were picked
(iii) at least a black ball was picked
(iv) atmost 1 red ball was picked

16. A bag contains 10balls of which 3 are red, 5 are white and 2 are green. Another bag contains
12balls of which 4 are red, 3 are white and 5 are green. A bag is chosen at random and then a
ball chosen at random from the bag. Find the probability that the ball so chosen is red

17. In a certain science class 2/3 of the class are boys and the rest girls. 4/5 of the boys and 9/10
of the girls are right handed, and the rest are left handed. The probability that a right handed
student will break a test-tube in any session is 1/10 and the corresponding probability for a left
handed student is 3/10, these probabilities being independent of the student’s sex.
(a) Represent this information on a tree diagram
(b) Using the diagram above;
(i) determine the probability that a student chosen at random form the class is left handed
 (ii) determine the probability that a student chosen at random from the class is right handed
and will break a test tube in any session
(c) determine the probability that a test tube is broken in any session

18. A box contains 5 red biro pens, 4 black biro pens and 6 green biro pens. If three pens are
picked once at random, find the probability that:
(i) all the biro pens are red
(ii) the biro pens are of the same colour
(iii) the biro pens are one of each colour
(iv) none of the biro pens is red

19. The probability that Chebet goes to bed on time ¾ . If she goes to bed on time, the probability
that she wakes up on time is 5/6 , otherwise her probability of waking up on time is 1/3.
(a) (i) Find the probability of Chebet getting to bed on time and waking up on time by use
of diagram
(ii) Waking up late
(b) If Chebet wakes up late, her probability of getting to class on time is 1/5 otherwise, her
probability of getting to class on time is 3/5.
(i) Find the probability of Chebet getting to bed on time and gets to class late
(ii) Getting to bed late and get to class on time
 1. Compound proportions, mixtures and rates of work

1. Naliaka bought maize and beans from a wholesaler. She mixed the maize and beans in the ratio
5:3. She had bought the maize at sh.30per kg and the beans at sh.60 per kg. If she was to make
a profit of 30%, what should be the selling price of 1kg of the mixture? (3 mks)
2. A carpenter makes two kinds of tables, hexagonal and rectangular. To make each
hexagonal table requires 6 man-hours whereas rectangular ones require 3 man –hours
each. The cost of the material for hexagonal table is sh.120 and shs.100 for the
rectangular one. The profit obtained from a hexagonal table is sh.80 and a rectangular
table is sh.60. The carpenter has to abide by the following conditions:
(i) A contract to supply at least 15 hexagonal and 10 rectangular tables per week.
(ii) Only 240 man-hours may be available in a week
(iii) His total weekly expenditure of all tables must not exceed shs.6,000
a) Write down all the inequalities to satisfy the three conditions above (3 mks)
(b) On the grid provided draw the inequalities in (a) above and shade the unwanted
region. (4 mks)
c) Using a search line, determine:
(i) The number of hexagonal and rectangular tables to be made to maximize profit
(2 mks)
(ii) The maximum profit acquired from selling the tables (1 mk)
3. A machine part is a pulley system with two wheels of radii 0.5m and 2m. The centres of the
wheels are 4m apart.
(a) If a rope is tied around the wheels externally to complete the pulley, calculate it’s length.
(7mks)
(b) If the rope is tied internally round the pulleys, it is 11/3m longer than if tied externally.
Calculate the length of the required to 4 significant figures. (3mks)
4. A coffee blender mixes grade A and B in the ratio 3:2 respectively. If grade A costs
Sh.30 per kg and B Sh.25 per kg, at what price per kg should he sell the mixture in
order to make a profit of 15%? (2mks)
5. John bought 3 brands of tea A,B and C. The cost price of the three brands were Sh. 25, Sh. 30 and Sh. 45
per kilogram respectively. He mixed the three brands in the ratio 5:2:1 respectively. After selling the
mixture he made a profit of 20%.
(a) How much profit did he make per kilogram of the mixture? (4 marks)
(b) After one year the cost price of each brand was increased by 12%.
(i) For how much did he sell one kilogram of the mixture to make 20% profit? Give your answer to the
nearest 5cts (3 marks)
(ii) What would have been his percentage profit if he sold one kilogram of the mixture at Sh.
40.25? (3 marks)
6. Three business partners Georgina, Gilbert and Akumu decided to buy a plot worth
shs.510,000. They contributed shs.30000; as a deposit in the ratio 2:3:5 respectively.
They paid the balance in two months by contributing equal amounts. After one year,
they sold the plot for a profit of 20% and invested the initial capital in another business.
The profit was shared in the ratio 1:2:3; respectively. Find how much each partner
(a) contributed towards the deposit
(b) paid to clear the balance
(c) received as a profit

7. Twelve men take 20days to complete a piece of work. How long would 16 men take
to do the same piece of work?

8. Mr. Kitur bought grades of tea ; Grade A costs shs.109 per kg and a kg of Grade B costs shs.81.50.
In what ratio must he mix the two grades in order to make a profit of 20% by selling the mixture at
Kshs.112.80per kg?
9. Mogutu and Onacha working together can do a piece of work in 6days. Mogutu working
alone takes 5days longer than Onacha. How many days does it take Onacha to do the work alone?

10. Given the curve y = 2x3 + ½x2 – 4x + 1, find the equation of the normal to the curve at (1, -½)

11. A and B are connected by the equation B = KA + M where K and M are constants.
The table below shows the values of A and corresponding values of B

A 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5

B 8 11 14 17 20
a) Draw a suitable straight line on the grid provided
b) State the values of K and M, hence express B in terms of A

12. The latitude and longitude of two stations P and Q are (47oN, 25oW) and (47oN, 70oW)
respectively. Calculate the distance in nautical miles between P and Q along the latitude 47oN

13. A coffee blender mixes 6 parts of types A with 4 parts of type B. If type A costs Kshs. 72
and type B costs him Ksh.66 per kg respectively at what price should he sell the mixture
in order to make a profit of 5%. Give your answer to the nearest ten cent.

14. (a) (i) Paint A costs shs.150 per litre while B costs shs.160 per litre. In what proportion must
A be mixed with B to produce a mixture costing shs.156 per litre
(ii) What must be the selling price of the mixture if a profit of 12% is to be realized?
(b) A cylindrical water tank can be filled to a depth of 2.1m by a pipe P in 2 hours.
Pipe Q takes 7 hours to fill the tank to the same level. Pipe R can empty this
amount of water in 6hours. Initially, the tank is empty. Pipes P and Q are turned
on at 8.45a.m and pipe R at 9.45a.m. Find the depth of water in the tank at 11.45a.m

15 Two grades of tea leaves one costing sh.420 per kilogram and the other costing sh. 470
per kilogram are to be mixed in order to produce a blend worth sh.455 per kilogram.
In what proportion should they be mixed?

16. The internal radius of a pipe is 0.35m. Water flows through the pipe at the rate of 45cm
per second. Calculate the amount of water that passes through the pipe in 2 ¼ hours in litres

17. In 2000 the total cost of manufacturing an item was ksh1250 and this was divided among
the costs of material, labour and transport in the ratio of 8:14:13. In 2003 the cost of material
 was doubled, labour cost increased by30% and transport costs increased by 20%
a) Calculate the cost of manufacturing this item in 2003
b) In 2004 the cost of manufacturing the same item was ksh1981 as a result of
increase in labour costs only. Find the percentage increase in labour costs of 2004

18. Brand A tea costing Kshs.80 per kg is mixed with Brand B tea costing Kshs.100 per kg such
that the mixture is sold at Kshs.114 making a profit of 20%. Find the ratio of A:B

19. In what proportion must teas of Kshs.76 and Kshs.84 per kg be mixed to produce a tea
costing Kshs.81 per kg

20. Onyango bought 3 brands of tea P, Q and R. the cost price of the three brands were
shs.25, shs.30 and shs.45 per kilogram respectively. He mixed the three brands in the
ratio 5:2:1 respectively After selling the mixture, he made a profit of 20%
(a) How much, profit did he make per kilogram of the mixture?
(b) After one year, the cost price each brand was increased by 12%.
(i) For how much did he sell one kilogram of the mixture to maintain 20% profit. Give your
answers to the nearest 5cts.
(ii) What would have been his percentage profit if he sold one kilogram of the mixture at
shs.40.25?

21. A mixture contains two powders X and Y with masses in the ratio 3:11. If the mixtures
Cost Shs.6.70 per kg and powder x costs Shs.5.60 per kg. Find the cost of 1kg of powder Y
 1. Graphical Methods

1. The equation of a circle is given as

2x2 + 2y2 – 8x + 5y + 10 = 0. Find the radius of the circle and the coordinates of its centre.
(3 mks)
2. The equation of a circle is given by x2 + 4x + y2 – 5 = 0. Find the centre of the circle and its
radius.
3. The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + 6x – 10y – 2 = 0. Determine the co-ordinates of the
centre of the circle and state its radius

4. In the diagram below ABE is a tangent to a circle at B and DCE is a straight line.
If ABD = 60o, BOC = 80o and O is the centre of the circle, find with reasons BEC

5. Obtain the centre and the radius of the circle represented by the equation:
x2 + y2 – 10y + 16 = 0

6. Complete the table below, for the function y = x3 + 6x2 + 8x

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
x3 -125 -27 -8 0 1
6x2 96 54 6 0 6
8x -40 -24 0 8
y 3 0 0 15
(a) Draw a graph of the function y = x3 + 6x2 + 8x for – 5 x 1 and use the graph to estimate
the roots of the equation x3 + 6x2 + 8x = 0

(b) Find which values of x satisfy the inequality x3 + 6x2 + 8x -1 > 0

7. Sketch the curve of the function y = x3– 3x + 2 showing clearly minimum and maximum points
and the y – intercept.

8. Show that 4y2 + 4x2 = 12x – 12y + 7 is the equation of a circle, hence find the co-ordinates
of the centre and the radius

9. Two variables R and P are connected by a function R = KPn where K and n are constants.
The table below shows data involving the two variables
P 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
R 36 49 64 81 100
 (a) Express R = KPn in a linear form
(b) Draw a line graph to represent the information above
(c) Find the values of constants K and n
(d) Write down the law connecting R and P
(e) Find the value of P when R = 900

10. A circle of radius 3cm has the centre at (-2, 3) . Find the equation of the circle in the
form of x2 + y2 + Px + qy + c = 0

11. In an experiment, the values of two quantities V and T were observed and the results recorded as
shown below.

V 0 2 4 6 8 10
T 0.49 0.30 0.24 0.20 0.16 0.137

It is known that T and V are related by a law of the form T = a

b+V
where a and b are constants.
a) Draw the graph of I against V
T
b) Use your graph to find;
i) The values of a and b.
ii) V when T = 0.38
iii) T when V = 4.5

12. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = 2x3 + x2 + 3x – 1 at the point (1, -5)
expressing you answer in the form y = mx + c

13. Given that :- 243 = (81)-1 x ( 1/27) x determine the value of x

14. Show that 3x2 + 3y 2 + 6x – 12y - 12 = 0 is an equation of a circle hence state the radius and
centre of the circle

15. (a) Fill in the table below for the function y = -6 + x + 4x2 + x3 for -4  x  2

x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
-6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
4x2 16 4
x3
y
(b) Using the grid provided draw the graph for y = -6 + x + 4x2 + x3 for -4 x  2
(c) (i) Use the graph to solve the equations:-
(i) x3 + 4x2 + x – 4 = 0
(ii) -6 + x + 4x2 + x3 = 0
(iii) -2 + 4x2 + x3 = 0

16. The table below shows the results obtained from an experiment to determine the relationship
between the length of a given side of a plane figure and its perimeter

Length of side  (cm) 1 2 3 4 5

Perimeter P(cm) 6.28 12.57 18.86 21.14 31.43
 (a) On the grid provided, draw a graph of perimeter P, against 
(b) Using your graph determine;
(i) the perimeter of a similar figure of side 2.5cm
(ii) the length of a similar figure whose perimeter is 9.43cm
(iii) the law connecting perimeter p and the length 
(c) If the law is of the form P = 2k + c where k and c are constants, find the value of k

17. In an experiment with tungsten filament lamp, the reading below of voltage (V) current (I),
power (P) and resistance (R)were obtained. It was established that P was related to R by
a law P = a Rn – 0.6. Where a and n are constants.
V 1.30 2.00 2.80 4.40 5.70
I 1.50 1.80 2.10 2.50 2.90
P 0.73 2.05 3.28 7.44 10.62
R 0.89 1.13 1.33 1.78 1.99
Plot a suitable line graph and hence use it to determine the value of a and n
18. Find the gradient of a line joining the centre of a circle whose equation is x2 + y2 – 6x = 3 – 4y
and a point P(6,7) outside the circle..

19. a) Complete the table below for the function y = -x3 + 2x2 – 4x + 2.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-x3 27 8 0 -8
2x2 18 8 2 0
-4x 8 0 -16
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
y 26 2 -6 -46
b) On the grid provided below draw the graph of -x + 2x – 4x + 2 for - 3 ≤ x ≤ 4.
3 2

c) Use the graph to solve the equation -x3 + 2x2 – 4x + 2 = 0.

d) By drawing a suitable line on the graph solve the equation. –x3 + 2x2 – 5x + 3 = 0.

20. Determine the turning point of the curve y = 4x3 - 12x + 1. State whether the turning
point is a maximum or a minimum point.

21. (a) Complete the table below for the equation of the curve given by y = 2x3 – 3x2 + 1
X -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
2x3 -16 -2 0 2 16
-3x2 -12 0.75 0 -0.75 -27
1 1 1
y -27 -12.5 1 13.5
(b) Use the table to draw the graph of the function y = 2x3 – 3x2 + 1
c) Use your graph to find the values of x for :-
(i) y > 0
(ii) The roots of the equation 2x3 – 3x2 + 1 = 0
(iii) 2x3 – 3x2 = 9

22. Find the radius and the centre of a circle whose equation is :
2x2 + 2y2 – 6x + 10y + 9 = 0