Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.
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LIVER DISEASE HEPATITIS B HEPCOMMUNITY.ORG
HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
Disease (MAFLD) NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
A brief overview of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease
A certain amount of fat is normally stored in the liver. When the liver cells begin to accumulate more than 5% of its weight as fat,
that person is said to have fatty liver disease or 'steatosis'. Simple steatosis or fatty liver can exist without causing symptoms, but in
some cases, the excess fat can lead to inflammation of the liver. Over time, the inflamed liver can become scarred (fibrosed) and
hardened. This is termed Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In some cases this may lead to more serious complications such as
cirrhosis, liver failure or liver cancer. Excessive alcohol intake over many years can also cause fatty liver disease, and this is termed
Alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Causes of and risk factors for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver disease and Non-
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
alcoholic steatohepatitis LIVER DISEASE HEPATITIS B HEPCOMMUNITY.ORG
Fatty liver can be caused by alcohol, viral infections, some medications and certain medical disorders. The most common medical
HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
disorder associated with MAFLD and NASH are:
• Overweight and Obesity - eating too much, especially of the wrong
NUTRITIONAL foods,
ADVICE FOR can causeWITH
PATIENTS the liver
FATTYtoLIVER
stop DISEASE
breaking(MAFLD)
down fat as
it is supposed to, and the fat then builds up and accumulates in the liver.
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
• Type 2 diabetes
• High cholesterol or triglycerides NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
• Insulin resistance together with the 'metabolic syndrome'.
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
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Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate the amount of sugar in the blood. When someone has insulin resistance, the cells in the
body become resistant to the effects of insulin.
The metabolic syndrome is a group of disorders that includes:
• excess fat around the waist (abdominal obesity)
• high blood triglycerides (a type of fat found in the blood)
• low high density lipoproteins (HDLs) (a type of fat found in the blood)
• raised blood pressure or hypertension
• low levels of high density lipoproteins (the 'good' cholesterol)
It is now thought that insulin resistance together with the metabolic syndrome plays a very important role in the development of
fatty liver disease.
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
It is not completely understood how and why the liver stops being able to process fat and becomes fatty, but the type and amount
LIVER DISEASE HEPATITIS B HEPCOMMUNITY.ORG
of food we eat can increase the risk of insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, which can then affect the way the we break down and
store fat in the liver, leading to MAFLD. HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Symptoms of fatty liver disease
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Having a fatty liver does not usually cause symptoms at all for many years. Often people learn about their fatty liver when having
other medical tests. If the disease progresses to cirrhosis or liver failure, you may experience symptoms such as:
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
• Fatigue
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
• Weight loss or loss of appetite
• Weakness NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
• Central or right upper abdominal pain
Treatment of fatty liver disease
There are some things you can do to help prevent further damage to your liver, and even to reverse some of the damage.
1. Gradually Lose Weight
If you are overweight, a moderate reduction in food of approximately 500- 1000kcals/day less than what you normally eat is
suggested. Aim to lose 7-10% of your body weight over 6months- 1year and then gradually aim to get to your ideal body weight.
Your doctor or dietitian can advise you of your healthy weight. Diets should have a high protein: calorie ratio. The best way to
achieve this is to decrease your intake of carbohydrates such as rice, potatoes and pasta, sugar sweetened beverages and snack
foods containing lots of sugar. It is not advisable to lose more than a half to 1 kilogram per week as rapid weight loss can make
your fatty liver disease worse. Further information can be found on in our exercise advice page.
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
2. Eat Less sugary foods
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You can reduce your intake of sugar by limiting the following foods, which contain lots of sugar:
All types of added sugar, including white, brown, raw or castor sugarC and glucose.
HEPATITIS Instead, why not try an artificial sweetener such
LIVER CANCER
as Splenda™, Sugarine™, Equal™or other varieties.
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
• Honey, treacle and syrups
• Sweetened jams and marmalades. Why not try theEXERCISE
diet varieties
ADVICEor 100% fruit spread
FOR PATIENTS WITHsuch asLIVER
FATTY the Monbulk 100% Fruit™ or
DISEASE (MAFLD)
the St Dalfours 100% Fruit Spread™
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
• Sweet spreads such as Nutella™, Milky Way Spread™and other similar varieties. These spreads are also high in fat
• Lollies, chocolate and chewing gums. Why not try HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
the sugar free varieties such asRESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
the Double D Sugar Free™ sweets, or
Extra™ gums
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• Cakes and sweet biscuits
• Puddings and other sweet desserts. You can however buy diet jellies in many flavours
• Dessert syrups. Instead, try the diet varieties such as Cottees Diet Toppings™
• Canned fruit in syrup. Choose those in natural juice instead
• Regular soft drinks, or cordials. Only have diet or low joule options
• Sweetened breakfast cereals. Look for more grain based cereals or those sweetened with added fruit. Good examples
include Weet Bix™, All Bran™, All Bran with Fruit™, Sultana Bran™ , traditional oats and other similar cereals.
3. Choose healthier fats
• Limit saturated fats such as Cream, Palm oil, Dripping lard, butter, and mayonnaise
• Limit trans fats such as deep fried food, commercial cake and biscuits, pies and pastries. They contain higher levels of trans
fats due to the way they are processed. Trans fats are also found in beef, lamb and dairy foods so cut the fat off meat, don't
eat the skin of chicken and choose low fat dairy foods
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
• The best fats to have are polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Polyunsaturated fats contain both Omega 3 and
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Omega 6 fatty acids.
• Aim to have more Omega 3 fatty acids in your diet:HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Foods containing polyunsaturated fats high in omega 3 fatty acids include:
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
• Fatty fish (salmon, tuna, sardines)
• Oils and margarines (canola and flaxseed oil) NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
• Nuts and seeds (linseed, walnuts)
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
Foods containing polyunsaturated fats high in omega 6 fatty
NEWSacids include: EVENTS
& UPCOMING USEFUL RESOURCES
• Oils and margarines (sunflower, safflower, soybean, sesame, and polyunsaturated margarine) - limit to 1 teaspoon per day
• Nuts (walnuts, pine nuts, Brazil, pecans, almond, pistachios)
• Legumes (soybeans, chickpeas and lentils)
Foods containing monounsaturated fats include:
• Oils and margarines (canola, macadamia and olive) Avocado
• Nuts (macadamias, pecans, cashews, almonds peanuts, walnuts)
• Seeds (pumpkin and sesame)
4. Eat a balanced healthy diet such as the Mediterranean diet - Include foods from each of these groups every day:
• Meat and meat alternatives
• Vegetables
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
• Dairy Fruit
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• Whole grain breads and cereals
HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
Recommended Food Serves
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Low Fat Dairy foods - Aim for 2-3 serves daily
1 serve = 250mls Skim or low fat milk (cow or soy) EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
= 40g low fat cheese
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
= 1 tub 200g diet yoghurt
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
Meat and meat alternatives - Aim for at least 2-4 serves daily
NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
1 serve = 1 chicken breast (100g) chicken
= 1 lean beef/lamb/pork fillet (100g) (limit beef to once per week)
= 150g fish fillet/100g canned fish (eat fish at least twice per week)
= 2 eggs
= 1/3 cup cooked legumes e.g baked beans/lentils
= 1/3 cup nuts or seeds (nuts should be raw or dry roasted)
Fruit - Limit to 2 serves per day
1 serve = 1 serve fruit e.g. apple orange small pear
= 3 cups strawberries
= 1/2 banana or 1/2 mango
Vegetables - Aim for at least 5 serves of low carbohydrate vegetables daily
1 serve = 1 cup raw or cooked vegetables.
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
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Some Low Carbohydrate vegetables include such as broccoli, carrots, cauliflower, celery, cucumber, green beans, leek, lettuce,
mushrooms, onion, spinach, tomato and zucchini HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
NOTE: Limit corn, green peas, legumes, potato, pumpkin, sweet potato, as they contain too much carbohydrate
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Cereal/grains and bread - aim for whole grain and limit to 4 serves per day
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
1 serve = 1 slice bread, 1/2 bagel, % bread roll. 1/4 Lebanese bread
= 1/3 cup cooked rice or % cup pasta
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= 3/4 cup cooked porridge or breakfast cereal
= 1-2 plain biscuits or crisp bread NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
Fats - Limit to 2-3 serves per day
1 serve = 1 teaspoon oil
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
LIVER DISEASE HEPATITIS B HEPCOMMUNITY.ORG
HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
LIVER DISEASE HEPATITIS B HEPCOMMUNITY.ORG
HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
5. Limit alcohol consumption
Try to have a minimum of 4-5 alcohol-free days per week. On the other
HEALTH days, try not to drink
PROFESSIONALS more than
RESEARCH 2 standard
& CLINICAL drinks on each
TRIALS
occasion.
NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
6. Increase physical activity
A weight loss diet together with exercise, increases muscle mass and increases insulin sensitivity. Improving cardiovascular fitness
and weight training may improve fatty liver disease*.
How can I be More Active?
Consult your doctor prior to starting an exercise plan. Check with your Doctor what level of exercise that is right for you. The
following guide will help you increase your activity. If you are unfit, ensure you introduce exercise gradually. You may want to ask
your doctor for a referral to an exercise physiologist.
Exercise commencement guide
Week 1 & 2 - Be more active each day and use the stairs or walk to the local shop.
Week 3 & 4 - Exercise every day for 10 minutes. Go for a brisk walk or swim.
Week 5 & 6 - Increase exercise time to 20 minutes every day.
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
Week 7 & 8 - Increase your exercise routine to 30 minutes every day.
LIVER DISEASE HEPATITIS B HEPCOMMUNITY.ORG
Finally, try to be more active for at least 60 minutes a day HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
The mention of product names in this resource does not constitute endorsement by dietitians of WSLHD.
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
Developed by Department of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney LHD, January 2014
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
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Contact Us
[email protected]
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Nutritional Advice for patients with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) http://www.liverwellnessprogram.com/nutritional-advice-for-patients-with-fatty-liver-disease-mafld.html
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HEPATITIS C LIVER CANCER
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
EXERCISE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS WITH FATTY LIVER DISEASE (MAFLD)
NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH & CLINICAL TRIALS
NEWS & UPCOMING EVENTS USEFUL RESOURCES
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