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HEALTH EDUCATION 2022 (ONE ) PDF

Health education aims to empower individuals across various demographics to improve their health behaviors and practices. Different approaches, such as medical, behavior change, educational, client-directed, and social changes, each have their advantages and disadvantages in promoting health. Effective health education requires good planning, understanding of the audience, and the ability to overcome barriers while utilizing appropriate teaching aids.

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17 views4 pages

HEALTH EDUCATION 2022 (ONE ) PDF

Health education aims to empower individuals across various demographics to improve their health behaviors and practices. Different approaches, such as medical, behavior change, educational, client-directed, and social changes, each have their advantages and disadvantages in promoting health. Effective health education requires good planning, understanding of the audience, and the ability to overcome barriers while utilizing appropriate teaching aids.

Uploaded by

selestinenghitutuka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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B Component

Health education information and communication


Health education is the method used to assist people of all ages, races, level of education
economical status etc. to learn about health so that they can use the knowledge they
gained to influence favorable their behaviors, attitude and health practices which have a
bearing influence on their physical mental social and spiritual wellbeing.
Importance of Health education
 Promote healthy behavior
 Help people understand their behavior and how it affects health
 Promote use of their health services
 Encourage behavior that promote health prevent illness, cures diseases and
facilitate rehabilitations
 Need and interest of individuals, families, groups and communities are taken into
consideration
 Uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situation and
choose actions that improve their health
 Encourage involvement and choices by the people them-selves
 Families communities and authorities are urged to make resources and support
available to enable each individual to leave a healthy life
Approaches to health education
Medical approach
Aim to free people from medically defined diseases and disabilities
Involves promoting medical intervention to prevent or lessen ill-health
Disadvantages
Use persuasive and authoritative method

Behavior change approach


Aim to change people’s attitudes in order to adopt health life style
Disadvantages
Lay persons believe that expert know best
Medical values are imposed on the client usually middle class value on poor economic
group
The approach can cause the feeling of guilt
People can close off tired of being told
Other socio-economic conditions can be the result of behaviors
Educational approach
Aim to give knowledge and understanding of health issues. Information is presented as
value free, people are helped to explore their value and attitudes and make own decisions
Advantages educator ideas are not imposed on people Educator must accept client ideas
and decisions.

Disadvantages
It focuses more on individual takes little account of socio-economic environment which
resists the individual’s freedom of choice

Client directed approach


Aim to work with client help them identify their needs and make own decisions and
choices according to own interest and value
Disadvantages
Client may feel frustrated without professional leadership. Also conflict of interest may
result

Social changes approach Aim to change the environment to facilitate the choice of
healthier lifestyles. Involves political and social action Health education can be directed
at policy makers planners even general public

Disadvantages
Causes difficulties with health professionals because it is deferent from traditional
individual health education directed at clients

Qualities of good health educators

Be motivated creative good listener


Have communication skills knowledge of the subject
Should show client/patients
Have positive attitudes and encourage participation
Be role model have interpersonal relationship
Have ability to act in crisis situation be film and flexible
Control temper decision maker be approachable
Be gender sensitive, respect view of others
Be self-confident impartial good sense of humor
Emphatic, know his/her community
Possible barriers to effective health education
 Barriers related to educator/nurse
 Shortfall in nurse training
 Lack of knowledge about the topic
 Lack of communication skills
 Lack of assessment skills incomplete or inaccurate assessment leading to in
appropriate teaching
 Lack of teaching skills
 Low priority given to health educator Paternalistic attitudes towards learners
 Insensitivity to people’s attitudes values and lifestyle
 Those related to learners
 Conflict between values of patients and health
 Life style
 Giving conflict information confuse clients
 Illness stress
 Psychological adaptation
 Motivations
 Trust and support
 Age socio-economic factors

Factors that promote health education

Proper assessment
 Type of audience
 Need priorities
 Readiness to learn
 Existing resources

Good planning
 Topic and objectives
 Determine time and venue
 Strategies & teaching aids
 Open discussions encourage participation
 Do demonstration, give oral written feedback
 Observation
Steps to follow when planning a health education session
Determine need /assessment Observe, interview, review, records, exams
 Problem identification and problem analysis
 Prioritize chose the topic
Target group
Planning Target group, objectives, method of presentation, teaching aid
Implementation lectures discussions role play demonstration questions and answers
radio /TV
Evaluation against objectives questions observations demonstrations
Summary

Steps in giving Health education

Planning Determine target group age language educational level


State educational methods
Prepare a visual aid
State objectives
State time period
Implementation
Prepare the physical environment
Give introduction that stimulate determine fore-knowledge explain objectives present
the content correctly in orderly manner
During presentation pay attention on attitudes, posture, keep contact with the group, be
audible, use languages clients can understand manageable tempo of speech, keep their
attention
Criteria of a teaching Aid
 Visibility Able to be seen by client
 Legibility able to be read by clients
 Color use correct color use
 Composition give one meaning at time
 Simplicity easier to be understood
 Essence important to clarify the topic
 Neatness / clean
 Consideration of target group relevant to the target understanding and meaning
 Purposefulness Serve to clarify the topic
 Creativity educator own work

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