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SQL Tuto2 With Answers

This document is a SQL tutorial that provides examples of Data Query Language (DQL), Data Manipulation Language (DML), and Data Definition Language (DDL) commands. It includes various SQL queries for selecting, inserting, updating, and deleting records from tables, as well as creating and dropping tables. The tutorial covers practical scenarios such as selecting student details, counting records, and using joins and functions.

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riyaldeenrifathahamed
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14 views3 pages

SQL Tuto2 With Answers

This document is a SQL tutorial that provides examples of Data Query Language (DQL), Data Manipulation Language (DML), and Data Definition Language (DDL) commands. It includes various SQL queries for selecting, inserting, updating, and deleting records from tables, as well as creating and dropping tables. The tutorial covers practical scenarios such as selecting student details, counting records, and using joins and functions.

Uploaded by

riyaldeenrifathahamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL Tutorial 2 with Answers – DIT2022

DQL example
SELECT expressions
FROM TABLES
WHERE conditions;

1. Select all records from a table - eg: select all students’ details /records
SELECT * FROM tblstudent;

2. Select records related to one field/column from a table - eg: select all students’ name / who are the students in
school
SELECT std_name FROM tblstudent;

3. Select records related to several fields from a table - eg: select all students’ name and their date of birth
SELECT std_name, dob FROM tblstudent;

4. Select top records from a table


SELECT TOP 3 * FROM tblstudent; SELECT TOP 3 * FROM tblstudent;
ORDER BY std_name DESC;

5. Selects only the DISTINCT values from the column - - eg: from which areas students coming from?
SELECT DISTINCT address2 FROM tblstudent ;

6. Select records according to a criterion – eg: select all student details those who are from Colombo
SELECT * FROM tblstudent WHERE address2=”Colombo”;

7. Select records according to a criterion – eg: Who are the students coming from Colombo ?
SELECT std_name FROM tblstudent WHERE address2=”Colombo”;
- eg: Who are the teachers in Pannala ?
SELECT tch_name FROM tblteacher WHERE address="pannala";
- eg: What are the courses available more than 12 months duration?
SELECT cs_name FROM tblcourse WHERE duration>12;

8. Select records according to several criterion – eg: Who are the students in 13A class coming from Gonawila ?
SELECT std_name FROM tblstudent WHERE address2="Gonawila" AND cls_id="13A";
- eg: Who are the students coming from Gonawila or Kurunegala?
SELECT std_name FROM tblstudent WHERE address2 IN ("Gonawila", "Kurunegala");
SELECT std_name FROM tblstudent WHERE address2="Gonawila" OR address2="Kurunegala";

1 © Chandana K Jayathilake / DIT2022 / ICT Center, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka 12/23/2023
9. Use function to calculate/ -
-eg: What is the fee/price of most expensive course in the school?
SELECT MAX(fee) FROM tblcourse;
-eg: How many teachers in the school?
SELECT COUNT(tch_id) FROM tblteacher;
-eg: How many teachers from colombo ?
SELECT COUNT(tch_id) FROM tblteacher WHERE address="Colombo";
-eg: Show each student’s birthyear.
SELECT std_name, YEAR(dob) as BirthYear FROM tblstudent;
-eg: Calculate each student’s age.
SELECT std_name, YEAR(Now)-YEAR(dob) as Age FROM tblstudent;
-eg: How many courses available more than 12 months duration?
SELECT COUNT(cs_id) FROM tblcourse WHERE duration>12;

10.Use function with grouping


-eg: Show the number of students in each class. / How many students in each class?
SELECT COUNT(std_id) AS No_of_Students, cls_id AS Class FROM tblstudent GROUP BY cls_id;
-eg: What are the class/s having more than 2 students?
SELECT COUNT(std_id), cls_id FROM tblstudent GROUP BY cls_id HAVING COUNT(std_id) > 2;

11.Use LIKE and Wildcards


-eg: selects all grade 12 student’s
SELECT * FROM tblstudent WHERE cls_id LIKE "12*";
-eg: selects all student except grade 12
SELECT * FROM tblstudent WHERE cls_id NOT LIKE "12*";
-eg: selects all student whose address1 start with letter m
SELECT * FROM tblstudent WHERE address1 LIKE "m*";

12.Use Join (relational tables)


- eg: Who are the class-teachers
SELECT tblteacher.tch_name FROM tblteacher, tblclass WHERE tblteacher.tch_id = tblclass.tch_id;
SELECT tch_name FROM tblteacher INNER JOIN tblclass ON tblteacher.tch_id = tblclass.tch_id;
- eg: Who are the class-teachers from Colombo?
SELECT tch_name FROM tblteacher, tblclass
WHERE tblteacher.tch_id = tblclass.tch_id AND tblteacher.address="Colombo";
-eg: How many class-teachers in the school from Colombo?
SELECT COUNT(tblteacher.tch_id) FROM tblteacher, tblclass
WHERE tblteacher.tch_id = tblclass.tch_id AND tblteacher.address="Colombo";

2 © Chandana K Jayathilake / DIT2022 / ICT Center, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka 12/23/2023
DML example
13. Insert data into table - – eg: Add a new teacher ‘T009’ Sagarika from Colombo
INSERT INTO tblteacher (tch_id, tch_name, address) VALUES ("T009","Sagarika","Pannala");

INSERT INTO tblpayment (pid, std_id, term) VALUES ("P01","S001","1");

14.Update table – eg: Change the address of the T009 teacher to Colombo
UPDATE tblteacher SET address='Colombo' WHERE tch_id='T009';

15.Delete a record from a table - – eg: Remove the ‘T009’ teacher


DELETE FROM tblteacher WHERE tch_name=”Sagarika”;

DDL example
16.Create a new table - – eg: create payment table
CREATE TABLE tblpayment ( pid varchar(3), std_id varchar(4), term varchar(2));
Create table with primary. foreign key constrains
CREATE TABLE tblpayment2 ( pid varchar(3) NOT NULL, std_id varchar(4), term varchar(2),
PRIMARY KEY (pid), FOREIGN KEY (std_id) REFERENCES tblstudent(std_id) );
17.Delete a table - – eg: Delete the payment table
DROP TABLE tblpayment;

3 © Chandana K Jayathilake / DIT2022 / ICT Center, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka 12/23/2023

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