Protozoans Dinoflagellates

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SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
• Primitive relatives,
• Osmoregulation
• Marine,
• Photosynthetic
BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION VIRUSES
ARISTOTLE types:- Amoeboid 2 flagellated
flagellated Non – Cellular
Bioluminescence
Plants Animals
Ciliated
sporozoans
Eg:- Gonyaulax(Red) 1. MONERA Eubacteria Archaebacteria Obligate parasite
Have infectious
Prokaryotic, Unicellular, (True Bacteria) (Ancient living tossils) genetic material
Trees Animals with Autotrophs, Heterotrophs, Genetic material –
Non – cellulosic cell wall, (i) Photosynthetic Autotrophs (i) Methanogens
red blood Slime Moulds Euglenoids RNA or DNA
Shrubs Nuclear membrane absent. (marshy areas)
Animals without Saprophytic, fresh water (ii) Chemosynthetic Autotrophs Bacteriophage - Virus that infects
Herbs red blood Highly resistance, Photosynthetic Myoplasm :- Pleomorphic, (ii) Halophiles (Salty areas) bacteria
In favourable (presence called PPLO (iii) Heterotrophic Bacteria
(iii) Thermoacidophiles Double stranded DNA
condition of sunlight), (Pleuro pneumonia like
Eg:- Cyanobacteria (Hot springs) - Head ( capsid)
2nd KINGDOM • Plasmodium, Heterotrophs / organism)
- Collar
• Smallest living cells. (blue green algae)
CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM in Unfavourable absence Eg:- Streptococcus - Sheath
condition • Reproduction – has chlorophylla
LINNAEUS of sunlight, thermophilus - Tail fibers
• fruiting bodies eg:- Euglena Asexual and sexual
Virus cause mumps, small pox, etc.
Kingdom

Plantae Animalia 4. PLANTAE Bryophytes Angiosperms

PRIONS
•
•
Chrysophytes
• Eukaryotic, Multicellular,
Drawbacks:- Didn’t distinguish between • fresh water and Autotrophic, Cell Wall – cellulose • Cause infectious
• Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes marine
• Diatoms'chief''produ-
• Partially heterotrophs neurological discases
• Unicellular and Multicellular (Inuctivorous plants) • Similar in size to viruses
• Photosynthetic and Non – cers''in ocean Have abnormal folded
Photosynthetic organisms • Photosynthetic Complete Parasails (Cuscuta) Pteridophytes Gymnosperms protein
Golden algae & • Shows alteration of generation
(unicellular green
algae)
• Reproduction – Sexual
LICHENS
3rd KINGDOM Algae • Eg:- Herbs, shrubs and trees. Echinodermata - Starfish
CLASSIFICATUION SYSTEM
ERNST HAECKEL Symbiotic association
between algae and
2. PROTISTA Hemichrodata - Balanoglossus fungi
Living Organisms
• Eukaryotic, Unicellular, 5 KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION Algae component
phycobiont
Autotropic Heterotrophic, Very good pollution
movement by Cilia, Ctenophora- combjellies
indicators
Animalia Plantae Protista
flagella, pseudopodia
• Aquatic 3. FUNGI Fungi component
Mycobiont
• Reproduction – Asexual
Limitations :- Didn’t separate
• Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes - and sexual (Cell fusion
• Eukaryotic, Mostly multicellular
• Heterotrophs saprophytic cell wall –
5. ANIMALIA
• Placed unicellular and 5 and zygote formation) chitin, some torm Gukaryotic, Multicellular,
multicellular under Protista Phycomycetes VIROIDS
•
Aquatic, Moist and damp places. Heterotrophic, Cell
• Hyphal type:- (i) Coenocytichyphae, (Lower fungi) wall- Absent
Basidiomycetes (ii) Other with septae or cross walls
Acquatic on decaying Shows locomotion Infectious, low molecular
• Mode of Nutrition:-
(Mushrooms) (i) Saprophytic wood,moist & damp places High sensory & motor mechanism. weight RNA
lack protein coat
• In soil, logs and tree stumps (ii) Parasitic Reproduction – Reproduction – Sexual. Smaller than viruses
• Parasites. (eg – rust & smuts) (iii) Symbiotic Asexual (Zoospores Eg. Vertebrates,insects etc.
• Reproduction – Vegetative, Reproduction:- Vegetative or Aplanospores)
• Mating types and sex organs. Asexual and Sexual. eg:- Mucor, Rhizopus
Eg. Agaricus, Vstilago
SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
Fusion of protoplasms
between two motile or
Platyh elminthes- Fasciola
Hete ro karyoti c
non-motile gametes stage
Mollusca - Snail
Ascomycetes Deuteromycetes Annelida - Earthwarm
(Sac – fungi) (Imperfect fungi)
Spore-producing
structures KARYOGAMY
Fusion of two nuclei
Arthropoda - Grasshopper
Spores

Unicellular (yeast) and • Reproduction – vegetative and sexual (n) Zygote

Poritera - Sponge
ASEXUAL Mycelium
REPRODUCTION (2n)

Multicellular (Penicillium) • Are Decomposers, Saprophytes

Aschelminthes - Ascaris
and Parasites.
MEIOSIS

Asexual spores (Conidia) GERMINATION

GERMINATION Zygote resulting
in haploid spores

Sexual spores (Ascospores) Eg: Alternaria, Trichoderma

Eg. Aspergillus, Neurospora Spores (n)
Chordata - Amphioxus Cridaria- Jellyfish

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