Dominican Scholar

Nursing | Student Research Posters Department of Nursing

2024

Effectiveness of Early Intervention Programs for Children with

Autism Spectrum Disorder
Milan Grace Mendoza Baccay
Dominican University of California

https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2025.NURS.RP.41

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Recommended Citation
Baccay, Milan Grace Mendoza, "Effectiveness of Early Intervention Programs for Children
with Autism Spectrum Disorder" (2024). Nursing | Student Research Posters. 95.
https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2025.NURS.RP.41

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 Effectiveness of Early Intervention Programs for Children with
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Milan Baccay
Department of Nursing, School of Health and Natural Sciences

Introduction Research Question Data Analysis

● Descriptive statistics will be used to summarize parent responses from
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized as a Does the implementation of early intervention programs surveys to better understand parents’ perceptions about intervention
developmental disability that can affect one’s behavior, positively impact the social, behavioral, and cognitive programs
social interactions, and cognition. The exact causes are skills of children ages 2-5 who are diagnosed with ● An independent sample t-test will compare means between the two
currently unknown, but environmental and genetic factors autism? groups at each phase
may increase the risk of Autism. About one in 36 children ● A repeated measures ANOVA will be used to evaluate developmental
are diagnosed with ASD in the United States (CDC, 2024). changes at each time point
This diagnosis is not specific to any race, ethnicity, gender,
or economic upbringing, although it may be more prevalent
Method
in some populations. It is considered a spectrum disorder
because the symptoms that people experience vary in type ● Design: Mixed Methods Study
and severity. Some symptoms include avoiding eye contact, ● Participants: Random sample of 200 children
lacking facial expressions, flapping hands, having obsessive diagnosed with ASD, ages 2-5, and recruited from
interests, repeating words or phrases, or lining up toys or local schools and community-based organizations
other objects (CDC, 2024). While there is no cure, these ● Independent Variable: Intervention programs
symptoms can be managed through the use of intervention administered
programs. ● Dependent Variable: Effectiveness on social,
behavioral, and cognitive development
Behavioral and developmental symptoms can be identified ● Procedure:
as early as 12-18 months; however, many children are not ○ 200 participants will be divided equally into
diagnosed with ASD until they are about three years old experimental and control groups
(NIH, 2017). There are programs designed to help children ○ Parents will be highly encouraged to participate in
with ASD develop the necessary behavioral, cognitive, and the administration of EIs for their child
social skills that may be hindered because of their diagnosis. ○ The cognitive, behavioral, and social skills of each Conclusion
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy is one kind of participant will be assessed at baseline using
treatment that promotes the growth of people with pre-intervention assessments such as MSEL, Autism spectrum disorder can affect a child’s ability to properly develop
developmental delays. It is not for autism specifically, but it VABS-II, SCQ social, behavioral, and cognitive skills. Optimal duration and intensity of an
is commonly used for those who have been diagnosed with ○ These skills will be assessed again at Phase Two intervention program as well as the efficacy of these programs are vital
ASD. ABA therapy uses techniques that help with (completion of the program), Phase Three (one year components that researchers must explore further. This study targets
understanding and changing behavior. The implementation after completion, and Phase Four (five years after children specifically aged 2-5 who are diagnosed with ASD to address the
of such early intervention programs for children with autism completion). impact of EI programs during early childhood development. The earlier an
can improve their behavior, cognitive, and social skills. ○ Experimental group will receive intervention based intervention is implemented, the better. The goal is to help children
on assessment findings increase their developmental skills before they reach the school-age range.
■ Interventions include ABA, ESDM, EIBI By giving them the resources they need to succeed later in life, researchers
○ Control group will not receive intervention are aiding in the development of children with autism. These interventions
References
should be specified to the needs of the child to promote more effective and
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). Signs and symptoms of autism individualized interventions for autistic children. Altogether, parental
spectrum disorder. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. involvement, personalized interventions, and educational context in which
https://www.cdc.gov/autism/signs-symptoms/index.html interventions are implemented are critical aspects to optimize the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2017). When do children usually effectiveness of early interventions for children with ASD.
show symptoms of autism?. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child
Health and Human Development.
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/symptoms-appear
Email Contact: [email protected]
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