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Tutorial-2_225491661a39217cfe7567ef9ecb8958

This document is a tutorial for a Linear Algebra course, covering various topics including matrix rank, consistency of systems of equations, and properties of vector spaces. It contains exercises on finding ranks of matrices, proving relationships between ranks, and checking subspaces in different contexts. The tutorial also includes definitions of operations in vector spaces and asks for proofs regarding specific sets and their properties.

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0 views2 pages

Tutorial-2_225491661a39217cfe7567ef9ecb8958

This document is a tutorial for a Linear Algebra course, covering various topics including matrix rank, consistency of systems of equations, and properties of vector spaces. It contains exercises on finding ranks of matrices, proving relationships between ranks, and checking subspaces in different contexts. The tutorial also includes definitions of operations in vector spaces and asks for proofs regarding specific sets and their properties.

Uploaded by

guptaakshat2309
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IC114- Linear Algebra

Feb-June, 2024 (Even Semester)


Tutorial 2
Instructor: Dr. Muslim Malik

1. Find the rank of the following matrices:


 
1 2 3
(a) A = 2 5 8 .
4 10 18
 
1 2 1 2
1 3 2 2
(b) B = 2 4 3 4.

3 7 4 6
 
1 1 1
2. Consider a matrix A = 1 2 k . What is the value of k such that matrix A has rank=2?
1 3 −1

3. (a) Let A be a 2 × 2 matrix. If Rank(A) = 1, then prove that A2 = αA for some scalar α.
(b) What is the relation between Rank(A) and Rank(AT )?
(c) What is the relation between Rank(A) and Rank(A|A)?

4. Check whether the following systems are consistent or inconsistent(use the Rank concept). If the system
is consistent, find the solution:

(a)

2x + y + z = 5
x+y+z =4
x − y + 2z = 1.

(b)

3x − 2y = 6
6x − 4y = 10.

(c)

x − y + 2z = 1
2x + 2z = 1
x − 3y + 4z = 2.

5. If v is a non-zero 3 × 1 matrix, then what is the rank of matrix A = vv T .

6. Show that
 
1 2 3 4
(a) A = is a full-row rank matrix.
2 5 11 14

1
 
1 0
(b) B = 4 1 is a full-column rank matrix.
2 3
 
1 2 3
(c) C =4 5 6 is a full rank matrix.
7 8 7
7. In R, consider the addition x ⊕ y = x + y − 1 and a ⊙ x = a(x − 1) + 1. Show that R is a real vector
space with respect to these operations with additive identity 1 (note that 0 is NOT the additive identity).
8. Let R+ be the set of positive real numbers. Define the operations of addition and multiplication as
follows:

u ⊕ v = u · v and α ⊙ u = uα , ∀ u, v ∈ R+ , ∀ α ∈ R.

Prove that R+ is a real vector space over R.


9. Let P(R) be the set of all polynomials with real coefficients. Show that, with vector addition and scalar
multiplication defined below (called coefficient-wise), P(R) forms a real vector space.

f (x) ⊕ g(x) = (a0 + b0 ) + (a1 + b1 )x + · · · + (ap + bp )xp and


α ⊙ f (x) = αa0 + αa1 x + · · · + αap xp , for α ∈ R.

For each of the sets given below, check whether they are subspaces of P(R) or not. If not, state which of
the properties of the subspace is not satisfied.
(a) W = {f (x) ∈ P(R) : deg(f (x)) = 3}.
(b) W = {f (x) ∈ P(R) : deg(f (x)) ≤ 3}.
(c) W = {f (x) ∈ P(R) : f (1) = 0}.
(d) W = {f (x) ∈ P(R) : f (0) = 0, f (1) = 1}.
10. For each of the sets given below, check whether they are subspaces of R3 or not. If not, state which of
the properties of the subspace is not satisfied.
(a) S = {(x, y, z) | x = 1}.
(b) S = {(x, y, z) | x − y + 3z = 0}.
(c) S = {(x, y, z) | x = y 2 }.
(d) S = {(x, y, z) | x + y + z = 3}.
11. Find the condition on real numbers a, b, c, d for the plane ax+by +cz = d so that the set {(x, y, z) | ax+
by + cz = d} is a subspace of R3 .
12. Prove that the following sets are not subspaces of Mn (R), where Mn (R) is a vector space of n × n
matrices over R and state the property of the subspace which is not satisfied by the set:
(a) G = {A ∈ Mn (R) : det(A) = 0}.
(b) G = {A ∈ Mn (R) : det(A) ̸= 0}.
(c) G = {A ∈ Mn (R) : det(A) = 1}.
13. Consider the following two subsets of vector space R2 :
S1 = {(x1 , x2 )|x1 + x2 ≥ 0}
S2 = {(x1 , x2 )|x21 + x22 ≤ 1}
Then the correct option is,
(a) S1 is a subspace of R2 but not S2 ,
(b) S2 is a subspace of R2 but not S1 ,
(c) Both S1 and S2 are subspaces of R2 ,
(d) Neither S1 nor S2 are subspaces of R2 .

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