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Present Perfect

The Present Perfect tense describes actions that occurred in the past and are relevant to the present, formed using 'have' or 'has' plus the past participle. It includes affirmative, negative, and question forms, with examples illustrating each structure. Contractions are commonly used in conversational English to simplify the tense.

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6 views

Present Perfect

The Present Perfect tense describes actions that occurred in the past and are relevant to the present, formed using 'have' or 'has' plus the past participle. It includes affirmative, negative, and question forms, with examples illustrating each structure. Contractions are commonly used in conversational English to simplify the tense.

Uploaded by

Luiss Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRESENT PERFECT

The Present Perfect is a verb tense used to describe actions or events that happened at some
point in the past or within an ongoing time period, and are still connected to the present.

We form the Present Perfect tense using the auxiliary verb 'have' (or 'has' for third-person
singular) and the past participle of the main verb

Examples:

• “I have finished my homework.”


o The action of finishing occurred in the past, but its effect is relevant now.

• “She has traveled to France.”


o Her travel happened before, but the fact remains relevant now.

• “They have called three times today.”


o The calls happened earlier, and “today” isn’t over yet, so the time period is still relevant.

Affirmative Statements

[subject] + have/has + [verb (past participle)] + [object]

• “I have visited the museum twice this month.”


• “We have been to that restaurant before.”
• “Nelson has started a new job recently.”
In the Present Perfect tense, contractions combine the subject and the auxiliary verb "have"
or "has" to make the sentence more conversational and natural.

I have → I’ve
you have → you’ve
he has → he’s
she has → she’s
it has → it’s
we have → we’ve
they have → they’ve

Examples:

• “I’ve met her before at the conference.”


• She’s adopted a new puppy recently.”

Negative Statements

[subject] + have/has + not + [verb (past participle)] + [object]

• “We have not spoken to them today.”


• “Christina has not found her car keys.”
• “Your brother has not completed his report.”

Contractions:

have not → haven’t


has not → hasn’t
Examples:

• “I haven’t seen that movie yet.”


• “She hasn’t met her new neighbor yet”

It is possible and grammatically correct to form contractions in negative sentences by


combining the subject and 'have,' followed by 'not.' However, this structure is less commonly
used in conversational English.

“I haven’t done that.” = “I’ve not done that.”

Yes / No Questions

have/has + [subject] + [verb (past participle)] + [object] + ?

• “Have we met before?”


• “Has she finished all her duties?”
• “Have they seen the new movie everyone is talking about?”

➢ Short Answers

In the Present Perfect tense, we can also answer yes/no questions with short answers. These
answers are formed using the subject and the auxiliary verb 'have' or 'has'

• “Have your friends eaten lunch?”


Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
• “Has Chealsey taken good photographs?”
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t.

WH Questions

WH + have/has + [subject] + [verb (past participle)] + [object] + ?

• “What have you learned in your English class recently?”


• “Why have they not finished the project yet?”
• “Who has helped you with your homework?”

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