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Deep Learning Lecture 28 April

The document provides an overview of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the context of deep learning, highlighting its definition, importance, and various applications such as machine translation and sentiment analysis. It discusses the evolution of NLP techniques, the advantages of deep learning, key concepts like embeddings and transformer models, and challenges faced in the field. The document concludes with future directions for NLP and references key literature in the area.

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Ahsan Ullah
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3 views

Deep Learning Lecture 28 April

The document provides an overview of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the context of deep learning, highlighting its definition, importance, and various applications such as machine translation and sentiment analysis. It discusses the evolution of NLP techniques, the advantages of deep learning, key concepts like embeddings and transformer models, and challenges faced in the field. The document concludes with future directions for NLP and references key literature in the area.

Uploaded by

Ahsan Ullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Title: Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Deep Learning

Slide 1: Introduction to NLP

 Definition: NLP is the field that focuses on the interaction between humans and
computers using natural language.

 Importance: Enables machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language.

Slide 2: Applications of NLP

 Machine Translation (e.g., Google Translate)

 Sentiment Analysis

 Chatbots and Virtual Assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa)

 Text Summarization

 Question Answering Systems

Slide 3: Evolution of NLP

 Rule-Based Methods

 Statistical Methods (e.g., Hidden Markov Models)

 Machine Learning Approaches

 Deep Learning Revolution

Slide 4: Why Deep Learning for NLP?

 Handles large datasets efficiently

 Learns complex representations

 Reduces need for manual feature engineering

Slide 5: Key Concepts in Deep Learning for NLP

 Embeddings

 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs)

 Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs)

 Transformers
 Attention Mechanisms

Slide 6: Word Embeddings

 Concept: Dense vector representations of words.

 Popular Methods: Word2Vec, GloVe, FastText.

 Purpose: Capture semantic similarity between words.

Slide 7: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs)

 Designed to handle sequential data.

 Maintains a memory of previous inputs.

 Limitation: Struggles with long-term dependencies.

Slide 8: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)

 Special type of RNN.

 Solves vanishing gradient problem.

 Capable of learning long-range dependencies.

Slide 9: Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)

 A variant of LSTM.

 Simplified structure.

 Often performs comparably to LSTM with fewer parameters.

Slide 10: Attention Mechanism

 Allows model to focus on relevant parts of the input.

 Improves performance in tasks like translation and summarization.

Slide 11: Transformer Model

 Introduced in "Attention is All You Need" paper.

 Based solely on attention mechanisms.

 No recurrence, enabling parallelization.

Slide 12: BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers)

 Pre-trained transformer model.


 Fine-tuned for various NLP tasks.

 State-of-the-art results in many benchmarks.

Slide 13: Other Popular Models

 GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer)

 T5 (Text-To-Text Transfer Transformer)

 RoBERTa (Robustly Optimized BERT Approach)

Slide 14: NLP Tasks with Deep Learning

 Text Classification

 Named Entity Recognition (NER)

 Machine Translation

 Summarization

 Text Generation

Slide 15: Challenges in NLP

 Ambiguity in language

 Sarcasm and irony

 Low-resource languages

 Bias and fairness

Slide 16: Future Directions

 Multilingual and cross-lingual models

 Few-shot and zero-shot learning

 More efficient and lightweight models

 Better interpretability

Slide 17: Case Study: Chatbots

 Example: Customer service bots.

 Technologies: Sequence-to-sequence models, BERT-based retrieval systems.

 Benefits: 24/7 service, cost reduction.


Slide 18: Case Study: Machine Translation

 Evolution from rule-based to neural machine translation.

 Impact of Transformer models.

 Real-world applications: Global communication, e-commerce.

Slide 19: Tools and Frameworks

 TensorFlow

 PyTorch

 Hugging Face Transformers

 spaCy

 NLTK

Slide 20: Conclusion

 NLP combined with deep learning has revolutionized human-computer interaction.

 Ongoing research continues to push the boundaries.

 Exciting future for intelligent language-based systems.

Slide 21: References

 Vaswani et al., "Attention is All You Need."

 Devlin et al., "BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers."

 Jurafsky and Martin, "Speech and Language Processing."

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presentation?

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