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edition-1894906
APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS
 By the Same Author

l Manufacturing Technology
(Manufacturing Processes)
l Automobile Engineering
l Internal Combustion Engines
l Power Plant Engineering
l Engineering Thermodynamics
and
l STEAM TABLES
&
MOLLIER DIAGRAM
(SI Units)

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 APPLIED
THERMODYNAMICS

For Engineering Students Preparing for B.E./B.Tech.;

AMIE-Section B (India); UPSC (Engg. Services) Examinations

By
Er. R.K. RAJPUT
M.E. (Hons.), Gold Medallist; Grad. (Mech. Engg. & Elect. Engg.);
M.I.E. (India); M.S.E.S.I.; M.I.S.T.E.; C.E. (India)
Recipient of :
‘‘Best Teacher (Academic) Award’’
‘‘Distinguished Author Award’’
‘‘Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Gold Medal’’
for an outstanding research paper
(Institution of Engineers–India)
Principal (Formerly):
• Thapar Polytechnic College;
• Punjab College of Information Technology,
PATIALA (Punjab)

LAXMI PUBLICATIONS (P) LTD

BANGALORE l CHENNAI l COCHIN l GUWAHATI l HYDERABAD
JALANDHAR l KOLKATA l LUCKNOW l MUMBAI l RANCHI
NEW DELHI l BOSTON, USA
 All rights reserved with the Author and the Publisher. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Published by :
LAXMI PUBLICATIONS (P) LTD
113, Golden House, Daryaganj,
New Delhi-110002
Phone : 011-43 53 25 00
Fax : 011-43 53 25 28
www.laxmipublications.com
[email protected]

First Edition : 2009 ; Reprints : 2010, 2011 ; Second Edition : 2014

OFFICES
& Bangalore 080-26 75 69 30 & Chennai 044-24 34 47 26
& Cochin 0484-237 70 04, 405 13 03 & Guwahati 0361-254 36 69, 251 38 81
& Hyderabad 040-24 65 23 33 & Jalandhar 0181-222 12 72
& Kolkata 033-22 27 43 84 & Lucknow 0522-220 99 16
& Mumbai 022-24 91 54 15, 24 92 78 69 & Ranchi 0651-220 44 64

EAT-0781-695-APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS-RAJ C—16333/08/08

Typeset at : Goswami Associates, Delhi Printed at :
 TO ALMIGHTY

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dharm
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 Contents

Chapters Pages

0. INTRODUCTION TO THERMODYNAMICS—
DEFINITIONS AND FORMULAE (i)—(vi)
1. PROPERTIES OF STEAM AND STEAM GENERATORS 1—130

A. PROPERTIES OF STEAM

1. Definition of the Pure Substance ... 1

2. Phase Change of a Pure Substance ... 2
3. p-T (Pressure-Temperature) Diagram for a Pure Substance ... 4
4. p-V-T (Pressure-Volume-Temperature) Surface ... 5
5. Phase Change Terminology and Definitions ... 6
6. Property Diagrams in Common Use ... 7
7. Formation of Steam ... 7
8. Important Terms Relating to Steam Formation ... 9
9. Thermodynamic Properties of Steam and Steam Tables ... 11
10. External Work Done During Evaporation ... 12
11. Internal Latent Heat ... 12
12. Internal Energy of Steam ... 12
13. Entropy of Water ... 12
14. Entropy of Evaporation ... 13
15. Entropy of Wet Steam ... 13
16. Entropy of Superheated Steam ... 13
17. Enthalpy-entropy (h-s) Chart or Mollier Diagram ... 14
18. Determination of Dryness Fraction of Steam ... 28
18.1. Tank or Bucket Calorimeter ... 28
18.2. Throttling Calorimeter ... 31
18.3. Separating and Throttling Calorimeter ... 32

B. STEAM GENERATORS

19. Introduction ... 35

20. Classification of Boilers ... 35
21. Comparison between ‘Fire-Tube and Water-Tube’ Boilers ... 36
22. Selection of a Boiler ... 37
(vii)

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Chapters Pages

23. Essentials of a Good Steam Boiler ... 37

24. Boiler Terms ... 38
25. Fire Tube Boilers ... 38
25.1. Simple Vertical Boiler ... 38
25.2. Cochran Boiler ... 40
25.3. Cornish Boiler ... 41
25.4. Lancashire Boiler ... 42
25.5. Locomotive Boiler ... 43
25.6. Scotch Boiler ... 45
26. Water Tube Boilers ... 46
26.1. Babcock and Wilcox Water-Tube Boiler ... 46
26.2. Stirling Boiler ... 48
27. High Pressure Boilers ... 49
27.1. Introduction ... 49
27.2. Unique Features of the High Pressure Boilers ... 49
27.3. Advantages of High Pressure Boilers ... 50
27.4. LaMont Boiler ... 50
27.5. Loeffler Boiler ... 51
27.6. Benson Boiler ... 52
27.7. Velox Boiler ... 54
27.8. Super-Critical Boilers ... 55
27.9. Supercharged Boiler ... 55
28. Combustion Equipment for Steam Boilers ... 55
28.1. General Aspects ... 55
28.2. Burning of Coal ... 57

C. BOILER MOUNTINGS AND ACCESSORIES

29. Introduction ... 65
30. Boiler Mountings ... 66
30.1. Water Level Indicator ... 66
30.2. Pressure Gauge ... 67
30.3. Safety Valves ... 69
30.4. High Steam and Low Water Safety Valve ... 72
30.5. Fusible Plug ... 72
30.6. Blow-off Cock ... 74
30.7. Feed Check Valve ... 74
30.8. Junction or Stop Valve ... 76
31. Accessories ... 77
31.1. Feed Pumps ... 77
31.2. Injector ... 78
31.3. Economiser ... 80
31.4. Air Preheater ... 81
31.5. Superheater ... 83
31.6. Steam Separator ... 85
31.7. Steam Trap ... 86
 (ix)

Chapters Pages

D. DRAUGHT

32. Definition and Classification of Draught ... 86

33. Natural Draught—Chimney ... 87
34. Chimney Height and Diameter ... 88
35. Condition for Maximum Discharge Through a Chimney ... 90
36. Efficiency of a Chimney ... 92
37. Draught Losses ... 92
38. Artificial Draught ... 93
38.1. Forced Draught ... 93
38.2. Induced Draught ... 93
38.3. Balanced Draught ... 93
38.4. Advantages of Mechanical Draught ... 93
38.5. Power Required to Drive Fan ... 94
38.6. Steam Jet Draught ... 95
Worked Examples ... 95

E. PERFORMANCE OF STEAM GENERATORS

39. Evaporative Capacity ... 101

40. Equivalent Evaporation ... 101
41. Factor of Evaporation ... 102
42. Boiler Efficiency ... 102
43. Heat Losses in a Boiler Plant ... 103
Highlights ... 116
Objective Type Questions ... 119
Theoretical Questions ... 125
Unsolved Examples ... 127

2. BASIC STEAM POWER CYCLES 131—191

1. Carnot Cycle ... 131
2. Rankine Cycle ... 132
3. Modified Rankine Cycle ... 145
4. Regenerative Cycle ... 150
5. Reheat Cycle ... 164
6. Binary Vapour Cycle ... 172
Highlights ... 189
Objective Type Questions ... 189
Theoretical Questions ... 190
Unsolved Examples ... 191

3. RECIPROCATING STEAM ENGINE 192—254

1. General Aspects of Heat Engines ... 192
2. Definition and Classification of a Reciprocating Steam Engine ... 193
3. Steam Engine Parts and Their Description ... 194
4. Working of a Steam Engine ... 198
5. Steam Engine Terminology ... 198
6. Hypothetical or Theoretical Indicator Diagram ... 199

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Chapters Pages

7. Actual Indicator Diagram and Diagram Factor ... 201

8. Methods of Reducing Condensation ... 202
9. Mean Effective Pressure (m.e.p. or pm) ... 202
10. Engine Indicators ... 206
10.1. Definition and Uses ... 206
10.2. Types of Indicators ... 207
10.3. Crosby Pencil Indicator ... 207
11. Indicated Power (I.P.) ... 208
12. Brake Power (B.P.) ... 210
13. Efficiencies of Steam Engine ... 211
14. Mass of Steam in Cylinder ... 212
15. Saturation Curve and Missing Quantity ... 214
16. Governing of Steam Engines ... 215
17. Valves ... 218
18. Heat Balance Sheet ... 222
19. Performance Curves ... 224
Worked Examples ... 224
Highlights ... 249
Objective Type Questions ... 251
Theoretical Questions ... 251
Unsolved Examples ... 252

4. COMPOUND STEAM ENGINES 255—286

1. Introduction ... 255
2. Advantages of Compound Steam Engines ... 255
3. Classification of Compound Steam Engines ... 256
4. Multi-Cylinder Engines ... 260
5. Estimation of Cylinder Dimensions (Compound Steam Engines) ... 261
6. Causes of Loss of Thermal Efficiency in Compound Steam Engines ... 263
7. The Governing of Compound Steam Engines ... 263
8. Uniflow Steam Engine ... 265
Worked Examples ... 266
Highlights ... 283
Objective Type Questions ... 283
Theoretical Questions ... 284
Unsolved Examples ... 285

5. STEAM NOZZLES 287—333

1. Introduction ... 287
2. Steam Flow Through Nozzles ... 288
2.1. Velocity of Steam ... 288
2.2. Discharge Through the Nozzle and Conditions for its
Maximum Value ... 289
3. Nozzle Efficiency ... 292
4. Supersaturated or Metastable Expansion of Steam in a Nozzle ... 294
5. General Relationship between Area, Velocity and Pressure in Nozzle Flow ... 296
6. Steam Injector ... 299

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Chapters Pages

Worked Examples ... 301

Highlights ... 330
Objective Type Questions ... 331
Theoretical Questions ... 332
Unsolved Examples ... 332

6. STEAM TURBINES 334—422

1. Introduction ... 334
2. Classification of Steam Turbines ... 334
3. Advantages of Steam Turbine Over Steam Engines ... 336
4. Description of Common Types of Turbines ... 336
5. Methods of Reducing Wheel or Rotor Speed ... 339
6. Difference between Impulse and Reaction Turbines ... 342
7. Impulse Turbines ... 342
7.1. Velocity Diagram for Moving Blade ... 342
7.2. Work done on the Blade ... 344
7.3. Blade Velocity Co-efficient ... 345
7.4. Expression for Optimum Value of the Ratio of Blade Speed
to Steam Speed (For Maximum Efficiency) for a Single Stage
Impulse Turbine ... 345
7.5. Advantages of Velocity Compounded Impulse Turbine ... 350
8. Reaction Turbines ... 381
8.1. Velocity Diagram for Reaction Turbine Blade ... 381
8.2. Degree of Reaction (Rd) ... 381
8.3. Condition for Maximum Efficiency ... 388
9. Turbines Efficiencies ... 391
10. Types of Power in Steam Turbine Practice ... 391
11. “State Point Locus” and “Reheat Factor” ... 408
12. Reheating Steam ... 411
13. Bleeding ... 411
14. Energy Losses in Steam Turbines ... 412
15. Steam Turbine Governing and Control ... 412
16. Special Forms of Steam Turbines ... 415
Highlights ... 416
Objective Type Questions ... 417
Theoretical Questions ... 419
Unsolved Examples ... 420

7. STEAM CONDENSERS 423—463

1. Introduction ... 423
2. Vacuum ... 424
3. Organs of a Steam Condensing Plant ... 424
4. Classification of Condensers ... 424
4.1. Jet Condensers ... 424
4.2. Surface Condensers ... 427
4.3. Reasons for Inefficiency in Surface Condensers ... 429
4.4. Comparison between Jet and Surface Condensers ... 430

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Chapters Pages

5. Sources of Air in Condensers ... 430

6. Effects of Air Leakage in a Condenser ... 431
7. Methods for Obtaining Maximum Vacuum in Condensers ... 431
8. Vacuum Measurement ... 432
9. Vacuum Efficiency ... 432
10. Condenser Efficiency ... 433
11. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures ... 433
12. Determination of Mass of Cooling Water ... 434
13. Heat Transmission Through Walls of Tubes of a Surface Condenser ... 435
14. Air Pumps ... 436
15. Cooling Towers ... 439
Worked Examples ... 441
Highlights ... 460
Objective Type Questions ... 460
Theoretical Questions ... 462
Unsolved Examples ... 462

8. GAS POWER CYCLES 464—539

1. Definition of a Cycle ... 464
2. Air Standard Efficiency ... 464
3. The Carnot Cycle ... 465
4. Constant Volume or Otto Cycle ... 473
5. Constant Pressure or Diesel Cycle ... 489
6. Dual Combustion Cycle ... 499
7. Comparison of Otto, Diesel and Dual Combustion Cycles ... 515
7.1. Efficiency Versus Compression Ratio ... 515
7.2. For the Same Compression Ratio and the Same Heat Input ... 515
7.3. For Constant Maximum Pressure and Heat Supplied ... 516
8. Atkinson Cycle ... 517
9. Ericsson Cycle ... 520
10. Brayton Cycle ... 521
Highlights ... 536
Objective Type Questions ... 537
Theoretical Questions ... 538
Unsolved Examples ... 538

9. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 540—693

1. Heat Engines ... 540
2. Development of I.C. Engines ... 541
3. Classification of I.C. Engines ... 541
4. Applications of I.C. Engines ... 542
5. Basic Idea of I.C. Engines ... 542
6. Different Parts of I.C. Engines ... 543
7. Terms Connected with I.C. Engines ... 567
8. Working Cycles ... 568
9. Indicator Diagram ... 569
10. Four-Stroke Cycle Engines ... 569

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Chapters Pages

11. Two-Stroke Cycle Engines ... 575

12. Comparison of Four-Stroke and Two-Stroke Cycle Engines ... 577
13. Comparison of Spark Ignition (S.I.) and Combustion Ignition (C.I.) Engines ... 578
14. Comparison between a Petrol Engine and a Diesel Engine ... 579
15. How to Tell a Two-Stroke Cycle Engine from a Four-Stroke Cycle Engine ? ... 580
16. Ignition System ... 580
17. Fuel Injection System ... 584
18. Electronic Fuel Injection ... 585
19. Cooling Systems ... 586
20. Lubrication Systems ... 592
21. Governing of I.C. Engine ... 597
22. Liquid Fuels for Reciprocating Combustion Engines ... 598
23. Combustion Phenomenon in S.I. Engines ... 599
24. Pre-Ignition ... 601
25. Detonation or “Pinking” ... 603
26. Factors Affecting Knock ... 604
27. Performance Number (PN) ... 604
28. Desirable Characteristics of Combustion Chamber for S.I. Engines ... 605
29. Combustion Chamber Design—S.I. Engines ... 605
30. Octane Number ... 606
31. Turbulence in S.I. Engines ... 607
32. Combustion Phenomenon in C.I. Engines ... 608
33. Delay Period (Or Ignition Lag) in C.I. Engines ... 611
34. Diesel Knock ... 611
35. Cetane Number ... 611
36. Basic Designs of C.I. Engine Combustion Chambers ... 612
37. Supercharging ... 614
38. Dissociation ... 617
39. Performance of I.C. Engines ... 617
40. Engine Performance Curves ... 627
41. The Wankel Rotary Combustion (RC) Engine ... 629
42. Stratified Charge Engines and Duel-Fuel Engines ... 630
Worked Examples ... 630
Highlights ... 685
Objective Type Questions ... 686
Theoretical Questions ... 689
Unsolved Examples ... 690

10. AIR COMPRESSORS 694—833

1. General Aspects ... 694
2. Classification of Air Compressors ... 695
3. Reciprocating Compressors ... 696
3.1. Construction and Working of a Reciprocating Compressor
(Single-stage) ... 696
3.2. Single-stage Compressor : Equation for Work
(Neglecting Clearance) ... 697
3.3. Equation for Work (with clearance volume) ... 700

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 (xiv)

Chapters Pages

3.4. Volumetric Efficiency ... 701

3.5. Actual p-V (indicator) Diagram for Single-stage Compressor ... 703
3.6. Multi-stage Compression ... 704
3.7. Efficiency of Compressor ... 713
3.8. How to Increase Isothermal Efficiency ? ... 714
3.9. Clearance in Compressors ... 714
3.10. Effect of Clearance Volume ... 715
3.11. Free Air Delivered (F.A.D.) and Displacement ... 716
3.12. Compressor Performance ... 717
3.13. Effect of Atmospheric Conditions on the Output of a Compressor ... 717
3.14. Control of Compressors ... 717
3.15. Arrangement of Reciprocating Compressors ... 717
3.16. Intercooler ... 718
3.17. Compressed Air Motors ... 719
3.18. Reciprocating Air Motor ... 719
3.19. Rotary Type Air Motor ... 720
4. Rotary Compressors ... 771
4.1. Classification ... 771
4.2. Displacement Compressors ... 772
4.3. Steady-flow Compressors ... 777
5. Comparison between Reciprocating and Centrifugal Compressors ... 816
6. Comparison between Reciprocating and Rotary Air Compressors ... 817
7. Comparison between Centrifugal and Axial Flow Compressors ... 817
Highlights ... 825
Objective Type Questions ... 826
Theoretical Questions ... 828
Unsolved Examples ... 830

11. GAS TURBINES AND JET PROPULSION 834—911

1. Gas Turbines—General Aspects ... 834
2. Classification of Gas Turbines ... 834
3. Merits of Gas Turbines ... 835
4. Constant Pressure Combustion Gas Turbines ... 836
4.1. Open Cycle Gas Turbines ... 836
4.2. Methods for Improvement of Thermal Efficiency of Open Cycle
Gas Turbine Plant ... 838
4.3. Effect of Operating Variables on Thermal Efficiency ... 842
4.4. Closed Cycle Gas Turbine (Constant Pressure or Joule Cycle) ... 845
4.5. Merits and Demerits of Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Over Open
Cycle Gas Turbine ... 850
5. Constant Volume Combustion Turbines ... 850
6. Uses of Gas Turbines ... 851
7. Gas Turbine Fuels ... 851
8. Jet Propulsion ... 885
8.1. Turbo-Jet ... 886
8.2. Turbo-prop ... 902
8.3. Ram-jet ... 903

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Chapters Pages

8.4. Pulse-jet Engine ... 904

8.5. Rocket Engines ... 905
Highlights ... 907
Objective Type Questions ... 907
Theoretical Questions ... 909
Unsolved Examples ... 909

12. REFRIGERATION 912—976

1. Fundamentals of Refrigeration ... 912
1.1. Introduction ... 912
1.2. Elements of Refrigeration Systems ... 913
1.3. Refrigeration Systems ... 913
1.4. Co-efficient of Performance (C.O.P.) ... 913
1.5. Standard Rating of a Refrigeration Machine ... 914
2. Air Refrigeration System ... 914
2.1. Introduction ... 914
2.2. Reversed Carnot Cycle ... 915
2.3. Reversed Brayton Cycle ... 921
2.4. Merits and Demerits of Air-refrigeration System ... 923
3. Simple Vapour Compression System ... 929
3.1. Introduction ... 929
3.2. Simple Vapour Compression Cycle ... 929
3.3. Functions of Parts of a Simple Vapour Compression System ... 930
3.4. Vapour Compression Cycle on Temperature-Entropy (T-s) Diagram ... 931
3.5. Pressure-Enthalpy (p-h) Chart ... 933
3.6. Simple Vapour Compression Cycle on p-h Chart ... 934
3.7. Factors Affecting the Performance of a Vapour Compression System ... 935
3.8. Actual Vapour Compression Cycle ... 936
3.9. Volumetric Efficiency ... 938
3.10. Mathematical Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration ... 939
4. Vapour Absorption System ... 940
4.1. Introduction ... 940
4.2. Simple Vapour Absorption System ... 941
4.3. Practical Vapour Absorption System ... 942
4.4. Comparison between Vapour Compression and Vapour Absorption
Systems ... 943
5. Refrigerants ... 963
5.1. Classification of Refrigerants ... 963
5.2. Desirable Properties of an Ideal Refrigerant ... 965
5.3. Properties and Uses of Commonly Used Refrigerants ... 967
Highlights ... 970
Objective Type Questions ... 971
Theoretical Questions ... 972
Unsolved Examples ... 973

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Chapters Pages

13. AIR-CONDITIONING 977—1009

1. Introduction ... 977
2. Air-conditioning Systems ... 977
2.1. Introduction ... 977
2.2. Air-conditioning Cycle ... 978
2.3. Air-conditioning Systems ... 979
3. Air-conditioning Equipment, Components and Controls ... 987
3.1. Air-conditioning Equipment ... 987
3.2. Air-conditioning Components ... 989
3.3. Air-conditioning Controls ... 992
4. Air Distribution ... 994
4.1. Definitions ... 994
4.2. Principles of Air Distribution ... 994
4.3. Air Handling System ... 995
4.4. Room Air Distribution ... 995
4.5. Duct Systems ... 996
4.6. Air Distribution Systems ... 997
4.7. Duct Design Methods ... 998
4.8. Leakage of Air and Maintenance of Ducts ... 999
5. Load Estimation ... 1000
5.1. Introduction ... 1000
5.2. Cooling Load Estimate ... 1000
5.3. Heating Load Estimate ... 1001
5.4. Solar Radiation ... 1001
5.5. Solar Heat Gain Through Glass ... 1002
5.6. Heat Flow Through Building Structures (Thermal Barriers) ... 1002
5.7. Infiltration ... 1003
5.8. Internal Heat Gains ... 1004
5.9. System Heat Gains ... 1005
Highlights ... 1005
Objective Type Questions ... 1006
Theoretical Questions ... 1008

COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS QUESTIONS—OBJECTIVE TYPE 1011—1042

(With Answers and Solutions—Comments)

MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS 1043—1058

(With Answers)

INDEX 1059—1061

STEAM TABLES AND MOLLIER DIAGRAM (i)—(xxi)

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 Preface to the Second Edition
I am pleased to present the “Second Edition” of this book on “APPLIED
THERMODYNAMICS”. The warm reception which its previous edition and reprints have
enjoyed is a matter of great satisfaction to me.
In this revised and enlarged edition, two new chapters, 12 and 13 namely :
“Refrigeration” and “Air-conditioning” respectively have been added to make this book as
complete and comprehensive unit in every respect.
Any suggestions for the improvement of the book will be thankfully received and
incorporated in the next edition.

Author
(R.K. RAJPUT)

Preface to the First Edition

This treatise on the subject ‘‘Applied Thermodynamics’’ contains comprehensive
treatment of the subject matter in simple, lucid and direct language. It exhaustively covers the
syllabi of various Indian Universities in this subject.
The book contains eleven chapters in all, namely.
1. Properties of Steam and Steam Generators; 2. Basic Steam Power Cycles;
3. Reciprocating Steam Engine; 4. Compound Steam Engines; 5. Steam Nozzles; 6. Steam
Turbines; 7. Steam Condensers; 8. Gas Power Cycles; 9. Internal Combustion Engines; 10. Air
Compressors; 11. Gas Turbines and Jet Propulsion.
All these chapters are saturated with much needed text, supported by simple and self-
explanatory figures, and worked examples, wherever required. At the end of each chapter
‘‘Highlights’’, ‘‘Objective Type Questions’’, ‘‘Theoretical Questions’’ and ‘‘Unsolved
Examples’’ have been added to make the book a comprehensive and complete unit in all respects.
The author’s thanks are due to his wife Ramesh Rajput for extending all cooperation
during preparation and proof reading of the manuscript.
Although every care has been taken to make this book free of errors both in text as well
as in solved examples, yet the author shall feel obliged if errors present are brought to his
notice. Constructive criticism of the book will be warmly received.

Author
(R.K. RAJPUT)

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Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 CHAPTER XXXIII
ONE CRIME LEADS TO ANOTHER

P asco remained in the dark in his house for about half an hour,
waiting till he supposed that Jason was far away. He allowed him
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lest Jason should be without, and should take advantage of the
occasion to burst in. He remained all the while bathed in a clammy
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Repeatedly did he try to collect his thoughts and to coolly consider
whether it were not advisable for him, under the circumstances, to
abandon his scheme. But his thoughts were in a condition of
dislocation, he could not gather them and fit them together into
consecutive order. He felt himself impelled, having formed his
resolve, to proceed with it, and to leave to the future the removal of
such difficulties as might spring up, as came in his way.
He was restless, yet afraid to be stirring. He was impatient for the
time to pass, and counted the ticks of the clock, yet forgot after a
few minutes the number he had reached.
The seat was hard and bruised him, he leaned back, and his back
ached. He held out his hand, placed it on the table and endeavoured
to steady it. He was aware that it shook, and he used all the power
of his will to arrest its convulsive quiver, but ineffectually. At length,
unable longer to endure inaction, and convinced that sufficient time
had elapsed for his brother-in-law to have got away, he cautiously
unlocked the door and looked out.
 In the dark he could see no one; he listened and could hear no
sound.
Then he stepped back to the kitchen table and removed the
candle-end from the stick, and put it into his pocket. No sooner had
he reached the door again, however, than it occurred to him that a
candlestick without a tallow candle in it, if left on the table, would
attract attention and comment. He therefore returned for it, and
placed it on the mantelshelf above the hearth. In doing this he
knocked over a canister that fell at his feet. He groped and found the
canister; the cover had come off, and some of the contents were
spilled. This was gunpowder. Greatly disconcerted, Pasco felt for a
brush and swept all the grains he could into the hollow of his hand,
and shook them into his trousers-pocket, then he swept the brush
vigorously about, so as to disperse over the floor any particles that
had escaped him in the dark. After which he proceeded carefully to
replace the canister. He now again made his way to the door, passed
without, locked the door behind him, and placed the key in a hollow
above the lintel, known to Zerah and himself.
Then he stealthily crossed the yard to his great warehouse, but at
every second step turned his ears about, listening for a sound which
might alarm him.
He did not breathe freely till he was within his store. He had not
locked it—indeed, of late he had been wont to leave it unfastened,
labouring under the hope that the hint thrown out to Roger Redmore
might be taken by the fellow, thus relieving himself of his self-
imposed task.
Without, there was a little light from the grey sky. Within was
none. What amount might have found its way in through the window
was excluded by the sacking that Pasco had nailed over the opening.
He now proceeded to light his candle end. When the wick was
kindled, he looked about him timidly, then with more confidence;
lastly with a sensation of great regret and even pity for the fabric in
which he had so long stored his supplies that he retailed to the
neighbourhood.
But no thought of retreat came over his mind now, he was
impelled forward irresistibly. The doubt was past that had tortured
him, after his interview with Jason Quarm.
He stuck the candle-end upon the ground, and went about among
the coals, examining the places where he had put the shavings,
adding here and there some bits of stick, or rearranging the coals,
and then strewing over them the contents of his out-turned pocket.
Then he sat down and panted. He must rest a moment and wipe his
brow before the irrevocable act was accomplished.
Presently, slowly, painfully, he rose from the block of coal on which
he had seated himself. The sack lay hard by into which he had
stuffed the shavings. It was now empty.
He took up the candle-end and went towards the nearest mass of
shavings, stooped—the grease ran over his fingers. The wick had
become long and the flame burnt dull. He thought to snuff it with his
fingers, but they shook too much to be trusted. He might extinguish
the flame, and he shuddered at the thought of being left there—in
his old storehouse—in the dark. He again set down the candle, and
with a bit of stick beat the red wick, and struck off sparks from it, till
he had somewhat reduced the length of the snuff.
He was about to take up the candle to apply it to the shavings,
when he heard a sound—a strange grating, rattling sound behind
him.
He looked round, but could see nothing, his great body was
between the light and the rear of the shed, whence the sound
proceeded. He was too much alarmed to perceive the cause of the
obscurity. Then he heard a voice—
“Pasco, I never thought you a scoundrel till now—but now I know
it.”
Pepperill recognised the voice at once—it was that of Jason
Quarm.
Immediately he realised the situation. Expelled from Coombe
Cellars, debarred from sheltering in his own house, Quarm had
entered the store-shed, and had climbed the ladder into the loft to
lie among the wool, and there sleep.
A sudden wild, fierce thought shot through Pasco’s brain like the
flash of summer lightning. He sprang to his feet. The terror that had
momentarily unnerved him passed away. Leaving the candle burning
on the ground, without a word, he strode to the ladder, which Quarm
was descending laboriously, owing to his lameness.
With clenched teeth and contracted brow, and with every muscle
knotted like cord, Pepperill threw himself on the ladder, just as Jason
got his head below the opening of the loft, and shook it.
“For Heaven’s sake! what are you about?” screamed Jason.
“I’ll rid myself of a danger,” answered Pasco between his teeth and
lips, indistinctly, and he twisted the ladder, and kicked at its feet to
throw it down.
“Pasco, let go! Pasco, will you kill me?” shrieked the crippled man,
catching ineffectually at the floor through which he had crawled,
then clutching the side of the ladder.
Pepperill uttered an oath; he ran under the ladder, set his back
against it and kicked with his heels.
“Pasco! I’ll not tell—I swear!”
“I won’t give you the chance,” gasped Pepperill. The ladder was
reeling, sliding, the feet were slipping on the slate floor. A piercing
scream, and down came ladder and man upon Pasco, throwing him
on his knees, but precipitating the unfortunate cripple with a crash
on the pavement.
Pepperill, though shaken and bruised, was not seriously hurt. He
gathered himself up, stretched his limbs, felt his arms, and with
lowering brow stepped towards his prostrate brother-in-law, who lay
on his back, his arms extended, the hands convulsively contracted.
His chin was up, and the dim glow of the candle cast its light below
the chin, and had no rays for the upper portion of the face.
Pepperill felt in his pocket for the lucifer matches, and, stooping
over Quarm, lit one, and passed the flame over his countenance.
Jason was apparently insensible. Blood was flowing from his mouth
at the corners. The flame of the match was reflected in the white of
the upturned eyes.
Pasco held the match till it burnt his fingers, then he let it fall, and
remained considering for a moment. Should he let his brother-in-law
lie where he was? Could he be sure that he would not awake from a
momentary daze caused by the blow on his head as he fell on the
stone floor?
 Pasco picked up a huge lump of coal and stood over Jason, ready
to dash it down on his head, and make sure of his not awaking. But
though his heart was hard, and he was launched on a course of
crime, yet conscience makes strange distinctions in crime, and
shrinks from doing boldly the evil at which it aims covertly.
Pasco laid aside the block of coal. He would not dash out his
brother-in-law’s brains, but he would by other means make sure that
he should not rouse to give him future trouble.
He took the sack, in which had been the shavings, and proceeded
to thrust into it the legs of Quarm, who offered no more resistance
than would a dead man, and gave no sign of consciousness. With
much labour, Pasco drew the sack up, enclosing the body; he pulled
down the arms and forced them into the sack also. But he was
unable to envelop Jason completely. The sack was not of sufficient
length for the purpose. It reached to his breast and elbows only.
There was a rope hanging in the store to a crook in the wall.
Pepperill disengaged this, and with the cord bound Jason’s feet, then
tightly strapped him about the arms so as to make it impossible for
him to free himself, should he return to consciousness.
The exertion used by Pasco had steadied his nerves. He no longer
trembled. His hand had ceased to shake, and his heart no longer
contracted with fear.
Greatly heated by his labour, he stood up and wiped his brow with
his sleeve. Then he was aware of a cool current of air wafting across
him, and he saw that in this same current the candle-flame
consumed its wick and swaled away profusely. He turned in the
direction of the draught, and found that the door into the shed was
partly open. He had not locked it when he entered, but had closed it.
The night wind had swung it ajar, and then by its own weight it had
opened farther. Pepperill shut it again, and placed a lump of coal
against the foot to prevent a recurrence of the same thing.
As he returned to where Jason lay, he heard a slight noise
overhead, and saw a white and black pigeon perched on a swinging
pole.
The bird was young. It had been given to Pasco the week before,
as he had expressed a wish to have pigeons. He had shut the bird up
in his shed to accustom it to regard the shed as its home, and to
remain there. He had fed the bird himself with crumbs, and had
entertained an affection for it.
Now a qualm came over his heart. He could not bear to think of
this innocent bird falling a victim. He had compunction for the
pigeon, none for the unconscious Jason. Therefore, rolling a barrel
under the perch, he climbed upon it, captured the sleep-stupid bird
and carried it between his hands to the door, pushed aside the lump
of coal, and threw the pigeon into the open air without.
That act of mercy accomplished, he shut the door and went back
to where the candle was. This he now detached from the floor and
the mass of melted tallow around it, and applied the flame to one,
then to another, of the little parcels of combustibles in various
places. Flames danced about, and for a minute Pasco looked on with
satisfaction, assuring himself that the shavings had ignited the sticks,
and the sticks had kindled the coals. When well satisfied that all was
as he desired, he knelt down, and by sheer force rolled the heavy,
lifeless body of Jason Quarm from the floor, up the slope of the
coals, and lodged it among large blocks on the top.
Then Pepperill turned, extinguished his candle, went out through
the door, locked it, and started at a run across the fields in the
direction whence he had come an hour before.
 CHAPTER XXXIV
AND YET ANOTHER

P asco ran on, easily surmounting the hedges which he had

clambered over with difficulty on his way to Coombe Cellars. He
reached the track by the water’s edge, and ran along that without
once looking behind him, and only paused when he arrived at the
point at which he must strike inland, to his left, leaving the river
margin to ascend the sloping shaws in the direction of the shed
where tarried Kitty with cob and cart. Here he halted, and a chill ran
through his arteries, making him shiver and his teeth chatter. He was
hot with running, yet withal in an icy tremor, and with a feeling of
swimming in his head and sickness at his heart.
The thought had risen up in him, an almost tangible thought, like
a great beast coiled in his heart, stretching itself, getting on its feet,
and turning. The thought was this—that it was not too late to save
his brother-in-law. He might return, unlock the store, rush in, and
drag the unconscious man down from the heap of coals, through the
smoke and flame. The fire had not yet reached him; it was tonguing
up the heap, sending the tips of its flames tastingly towards him; the
fire was hot beneath, but the crust still upheld the man in the sack;
would it be so much longer? As the coals were consumed beneath,
there would be formed a great core of red fire, and if Jason moved,
the crust would give way, and then, shrieking, unable to assist
himself, he would drop into that glowing mass, where the cords
would be burnt to free him, but only when it would be too late for
him to escape.
Had Jason already woke from his trance, and was he cuddled up in
his sack, watching the approaching flames, crying for help, and
getting none? Was he tearing at his bands with his teeth, writhing—
trying to precipitate himself down the black mound of combustible
material, in the hopes of being able to roll along the floor to the
door? And if he succeeded so far—what more could he do? Nothing
but watch the fire grow, break out in gushes of scarlet and orange,
pour forth volumes of stifling smoke, and then lie with his mouth
below the door, gasping for the air that rushed in beneath.
Shuddering, Pasco Pepperill stood with eyes open, looking into the
night, seeing all this as really as though the vision were unrolled
before his naked eyes. He dared not look behind him, his neck was
stiff, and he could not turn it—he could not even turn his eyes in the
direction of the Cellars.
Should he retrace his course and free Jason? Could he not rely on
Jason to remain silent after this terrible experience? But what if he
arrived too late? What if the fire had already broken out, and had
laid hold of its prey? Why should he give himself the lasting horror of
seeing what he must then see? And of what avail would it be to the
burning man?
It was too late. Pasco had taken his line, had cast his lot, and
there was no return. He resumed his run up the hill, through the
meadows; the wind blowing off the river assisted him. When he
reached the field in which was the shed, he knew that Coombe
Cellars was no longer visible. There was a shoulder of hill between.
But though the Cellars might not be visible, the sky overhead
might show redness, might throb with light; and lest he should see
this, he fixed his eyes resolutely in an opposite direction.
In crossing the field he no longer ran. He had lost his breath
ascending the hill; he walked slowly, panting, and ever and anon
stopped to wipe his brow, and remove his hat, that the cool wind
might play about his wet hair.
The qualm of conscience relative to Jason was overpassed, and
now Pepperill congratulated himself on his success. Now—all was as
could be desired, there was nothing to inculpate him, no one to turn
evidence against him, except—
There was one person, and one only, who was a danger to Pasco;
one person, and one only, who knew that he had been to Coombe
Cellars after having ostensibly left it; one, and one only, that he had
been on the spot precisely at the time when, presumably, the fire
broke out.
If Kate Quarm were to speak, then what he had done was done in
vain; the Company would refuse to pay the sum for which his stock
was insured, and he might be suspected of having caused the death
of his brother-in-law. Would not Kate speak—when she knew that
her father was dead? Might she not make dangerous admissions
should there be an inquest? The charred corpse or burnt bones
would be discovered when the ashes of the store were removed, and
Jason’s cart and ass being in Coombe, would lead to the conclusion
that he, Jason Quarm, had caused the conflagration and had
perished in it. It would be supposed that he had gone to the Cellars,
and, finding it locked and no one within, had taken shelter for the
night in the warehouse, where he had lit his pipe, gone to sleep, and
inadvertently had set fire to the coals and wool.
But then—what might Kate be brought to say if questioned by the
coroner?
Pepperill entered the shed and called the girl. He called twice
before he received an answer. Then he struck a light, and as the
match flared he saw before him the drowsy face of Kate.
“Oh, uncle! What a long time you have been away! I fell asleep.”
“Long time? I have not been a quarter of an hour. I ran to the
Cellars and ran back the whole way.”
“It has been more than a quarter of an hour, Uncle Pasco. I
waited, watching for ever such a time, and then I went to sleep.”
“You are mistaken. Because you shut your eyes you think the time
was long.”
“What is that, uncle, you are burning?”
“A lucifer match.”
“How did you get it alight?”
“By striking it on the box.”
"How could that light it? Is there a bit of tiny flint on the match
and steel on the box?
“No, there is not. I don’t know how the fire comes—but it comes
somehow.”
 “That must be a very curious contrivance, uncle.”
“Whether curious or not is no concern of yours.”
He struck another match and held it aloft. The girl stood on one
side of the cart, he on the other. The lucifer flame twinkled in her
eyes. Her hair was ruffled with sleep.
As Pasco looked at her by the dying flame, he was considering
what to do. He had no doubt that he was insecure so long as she
lived. Desperate, hardened, projected along an evil course, could he
withhold his hand now and not make himself secure? Would it not be
weakness as well as folly to allow this testimony to remain who could
at any moment reveal his guilt? But if he were to strike her down
with a stake or stone, what could he do with the body?
“Take care, uncle,” said Kate. “There is dry furze here. If the spark
falls, there may be a blaze.”
He extinguished the match with his fingers. He did not desire that
his course should be marked by fires.
“Is there much furze here, Kitty?” he asked in a smothered voice.
“Oh no! only just under foot.”
“No great heap in a corner?”
“None, uncle.”
“Not enough to cover you over if you were asleep.”
Kate laughed and answered, “I would never lie on furze if I could
help it, and be covered with it—I should be tormented with prickles.
I sat down and laid my head against the hedge that makes the back
of the linhay.” He was prodding the bedding of furze with his whip.
“It is all fresh,” said Kate. “I reckon Miller Ash is going to turn his
cow in here, when he has taken away her calf.”
“Ah! she has calved?”
“Yes; last week.”
“True—the cow will be here to-morrow, or in a couple of days.” To
himself he muttered, “It won’t do”—then aloud, “Jump into the cart,
Kitty. We must push on. You drive out, I will open the gate.”
In another minute Pasco Pepperill was in his seat with Kitty at his
side, driving in the direction away from the Cellars.
He feared every moment to hear her say, “Uncle, what is that light
shining over Coombe? Can there be a fire?”
 Instead of that she said, “Uncle, did you see nothing of my father?
I am quite sure that was he who drove by after we had got into Mr.
Ash’s field. I heard his voice. I know his way with the donkey. I am
quite certain that was father.”
“Your father?—no. Never set eyes on him. You were mistaken.”
“I am sure it was my father. I know the rattle of the cart wheel.”
“I say it was not; and take care how you say a word about ever
having gone into the field, and about my having returned to the
Cellars.”
“Why, uncle?”
“Because Ash will summons me for trespass, and because my
horse ate the grass. That’s one reason; but there’s a better one—I
don’t choose that you should speak.”
Kate was accustomed to his rough manner, and she did not
answer.
Then Pasco’s mind began to work on the theme that had occupied
it before. He had been seen driving out of Coombe with Kate at his
side. But what of that? Would it not be a sufficient answer to give,
were she not to be seen again, that he had met Jason Quarm on the
road, and that the man had taken his daughter with him, and that
thereupon both had perished in the flames?
The more he considered the matter, the more essential to his
security did it seem to him that Kate should be got rid of. The only
embarrassment he felt was as to the means to be employed, and the
place where it was to be done. Not till she was removed could the
weight now oppressing his mind be cast off.
“Uncle,” said Kate after a long course in silence, “I cannot think
how that lucifer acts, if there be no flint and no steel. How else can
the match be made to light?”
“How is no matter to me—kindle it does, somehow.” Then,
abruptly, “Have you got your cotton dress on? The wind is from the
east and chilly.”
“Oh no, uncle, I have on my thick woollen dress, and am very
warm—thank you kindly for considering me.”
“The thick wool, is it?”
“Yes, uncle—very sure, very thick and warm.”
 Then that would not do. It had occurred to him to drop a lighted
match on her frock, set her in flames, and throw her out into the
road at a lonely spot. No, that would not do. He reversed his whip
and beat the cob with the handle.
“Diamond is not going badly, uncle,” said Kate in mild
remonstrance.
He was in reality trying the weight of the whip handle and the
stiffness of the stem. That would not effect his purpose; there was
no metal to signify at the butt-end. The horse did not greatly mind a
blow dealt it with a full swing of its master’s arm.
Pasco bore no malice against his niece. In his cold fashion he liked
her. She was useful in the house, and saved him the expense of a
maid. It was doubtful whether any servant would have been as
submissive to Zerah as was Kitty, whether any would have continued
so long in service to her. He had forgotten his momentary
resentment at Kate refusing the offer of John Pooke. He wished the
girl ill for no other reason than his own safety. Had he been able to
send her away, out of the country, that would have satisfied him. But
as there was no opportunity for getting her out of the way without
hurt to himself, she must be removed by such means as were
possible to him.
How to do this, and where to do it, remained undecided. Not
where he then was could it be attempted, for he was now
approaching Newton. The lights were twinkling through the trees,
cottages were passed with illumined windows, and sometimes with
persons standing in the doors.
On entering Newton, Pepperill turned his horse’s head to make a
detour, so as to avoid passing the inn that had been rebuilt after
having been burnt down. For some reason undefined in his own
heart, he shrank from driving before that house.
In a few minutes the cob was trotting along the Ashburton road.
Pasco looked behind him. He heard the sound of the hoofs of
another horse, and the rattle of other wheels. Some traveller was on
the road that night.
“Uncle,” said Kate, “I think the moon is going to rise.”
“I suppose so.”
 “Will it not be grand on the moor, with the moon shining over it,
and the Dart flowing like silver below?”
“Silver? I wish it were silver, and I’d pocket it,” growled Pasco.
“Dang it! what is that which is following?”
He slackened his pace, but the conveyance did not pass him; it
approached, and the driver was content to keep in the rear.
“Will you go on?” shouted Pasco, turning his head.
“No, we’ll remain as we are,” answered the driver.
“How far are you going?”
“To Ashburton.”
Well, thought Pasco, the loneliest, wildest part of the road is that
between Ashburton and Brimpts.
 CHAPTER XXXV
UNSUCCESSFUL

O n leaving Ashburton, Pasco Pepperill was relieved of the

attendance which had been so irksome to him. He would not,
probably, have carried out his purpose between Newton and
Ashburton, as that was a high road, much frequented, running
through cultivated lands, and with farms and cottages along it at no
great intervals. Nevertheless, the knowledge irritated him that
someone was following him, that should an opportunity otherwise
propitious arise, he could not seize it because of the man in the trap
at his heels. Never able clearly to bring all contingencies together
before his inward eye, in the conduct of his business, he was now
more dull and confused in mind than usual.
He took it into his head that there was something menacing in the
pursuit; that the man in his rear was aware of what he had done at
the Cellars, that he foresaw his present purpose, and was
intentionally following him, keeping him in sight, either that he might
deliver him up to justice for what he had done, or to prevent the
execution of his present design.
It was consequently with immense relief that he heard the man’s
cheery “Good-night,” and his wheels turn off by a by-street, as he
trotted through Ashburton and along the road leading to Dart-meet
and Brimpts.
At a distance of rather over a mile from Ashburton the Dart is
crossed, then the road climbs a steep hill, cutting off the great
sweep made by the river as it flows through Holne Chase, and it
crosses the river again as it bursts from the moor at Newbridge.
Nearly the whole of this way is through woods, and does not pass a
single human habitation.
Directly New Bridge is crossed, the character of the surroundings
changes. In place of rock and woods of pine and oak and beech,
succeed the solitude and desolation of moorland, heather, and furze
brake, with at one spot only a cluster of small cottages about a little
inn, with a clump of sycamores behind them and a few acres of
mountain pasture before them, laboriously cleared of granite
boulders. Immediately after passing this hamlet, the road traverses
moorland entirely uninhabited. Tors rise to the height of from twelve
to fifteen hundred feet; their sides are strewn with rocky ruin. Dense
masses of furze cover the moorland sweeps, and between the clefts
of the rocks whortleberry grows rankly into veritable bushes, hung in
June with purple berries. Below, at the depth of a thousand feet,
foams and roars the Dart amidst boulders and bushes of mountain-
ash and thorn.
It was obvious to the clouded mind of Pepperill that if he was to
get rid of Kitty, it must be done either in the Holne Wood or on the
moor. One place was as good as the other for disposal of the child’s
body; the dense forest growth or the equally dense whortle and
furze would effectually conceal it.
When the first Dart bridge was crossed, and the steep ascent
begun, Pepperill said roughly to his niece—
“You ain’t going to sit here and make the horse drag you all the
way up this tremendous hill, be you?”
“No, uncle dear; I was only waiting for you to draw up that I might
jump out. Do you see the moon coming up behind the trees, shining
through them, like a good thought in the midst of dark imaginings?”
“Dang the moon and your imaginings! Get out.”
“I was thinking of something my book says,” apologised Kate,
descending to the road.
“Your book? What do you mean?”
“I mean that which the schoolmaster gave me, which I have read
and read, and in which I always find something new, and always am
sure of something true.”
“What does the book say?”
 “I learned it by heart—

‘Within the soul a faculty abides,

That with interpositions’—

That means things which come between. He explained that to me. I

cannot always make out what is said till it is explained; but when it
is, then the full truth and loveliness rises and shines into me like the
moon when it has got over the hills and the woods.”
“Go on.”

“‘A faculty abides,

That with interpositions, which would hide
And darken, so can deal that they become
Contingencies of pomp, and serve to exalt
Her native brightness.’

I did not understand what contingencies meant, but he told me, and
now all is quite plain as it is quite true. And it goes on—

‘As the ample moon

Rising behind a thick and lofty grove,
Burns like an unconsuming fire, light
In the green trees’”—

“Cease this foolery,” said Pasco impatiently. He was fumbling in his

pocket for his clasp-knife, and was opening it.
“Do look, uncle dear!” exclaimed Kate, turning to observe the
moon as it mounted over the rich Buckland Woods on the farther
bank of the Dart.
“Halt,” shouted Pasco to the horse.
They had reached an eminence. The girl stood wrapped in delight,
with the silver shield of the moon before her, casting its glorious light
over her face and folded hands. Pasco had his knife out. She heard
the click, as the spring nipped the blade firmly, but did not turn to
see what occasioned the sound.
“The moon has come up out of the trees just as he said—I mean
the poet—like a power in the heart and soul that has been entangled
in all kinds of dark and twisted matters of every day. Oh, uncle, what
is that?”
Pasco drew back. A white dog—a mongrel, short-haired lurcher—
crossed the road. Simultaneously a whistle was heard, and this was
answered by another in the distance.
“There are poachers about,” said Pepperill. He shut his knife,
pocketed it, and called Kate to get into the trap. He was not going to
halt to see a darned moon rise, when all kinds of vagabonds were
about, and there was no safety for honest men.
Pasco drove rapidly down the hillside into the Dart Valley at New
Bridge. The road was mostly in shadow, but the bare moor on the
farther side was white in the moonlight, as though it had been
snowed over. The horse was tired, and tripped. Pasco had to be on
his guard lest the beast should fall. In the shadow of the trees it
could not see the stones that strewed the way. At the bottom of the
valley flowed the Dart; the rush of the water breaking over the rocks
was audible.
“If a harm came to you or me in the river, I reckon the body would
be washed right away to Sharpitor,” said Pepperill.
“Uncle!” said Kate, with a laugh, “that would be going up hill.”
“I’m getting mazed,” growled he; “so it is. Well, folk would say one
or other of us had come by an accident among the rocks o’ Sharpitor,
and tumbled into the river and been carried down by the stream.
That’s likely—eh?”
“I suppose so, uncle. But if anything were to happen to one, that
the other would know, and do all he could to help.”
“Of course.”
Pepperill was looking at the brawling torrent.
“And if anything were to chance to one here, the body would be
carried right down the Chase for miles till it came to the other
bridge.”
 “I daresay, uncle. But don’t talk like that. Let us look at the
moonlight. There is a man yonder—by the side of the river.”
“A man—where?”
“By that large stone.”
“He is catching salmon. Not a fish has a chance up here on the
moor. What a parcel of rascals there be!”
Pepperill drove across the bridge. He had intended—he hardly
dared articulately to express to himself his intention. Again he was
frustrated—just at a suitable point—by this fellow catching salmon by
night.
Beyond the bridge the road rose rapidly. Both uncle and niece
were forced to descend from the cart, and relieve the horse. Some
six hundred feet had to be mounted without any zigzags in the road.
Kate walked along cheerily. Pasco lagged behind. The horse, with
nose down, laboriously stepped up the steep incline. Pasco took out
his knife and cut a branch of thorn from the hedge, and in doing so
tore his fingers. He put the thorn behind the seat.
When the summit of the hill was almost reached, he said to Kate,
“I shall turn to the left, and leave the road.”
“What—out on the moor?”
“Yes; I think we can cut off a great curve and avoid the cottages.
You walk by the horse’s head; I will mount and hold the reins. There
are large stones in the way.”
This was the case. Kate thought that her uncle was rash in taking
the track across the moor at night, a way he could not know, merely
to save a mile that the road made in detour. But she said nothing.
She was pleased to go by a way that commanded the gorge of the
Dart, and had no fear, as the moon shone brilliantly, and every bush
and stone was visible as in the day. The mica and spar in the granite
made each rock sparkle as though encrusted with diamonds. A
heavy dew had fallen, cobwebs hanging on the furze were as silvery
fairy tissue.
Rabbits were out sporting, feeding, darting away with a gleam of
snowy tail when alarmed. Owls were flitting and hooting in the
ravine. The wind from the east hummed an Æolian strain in the
moor grass and heather.
 The moon rose high above all obstruction to its placid light, and
Kate breathed slowly, and in the chill air her breath came away as a
fine shining vapour. Every now and then the cob struck out a red
fire-spark from the stones against which his shoe struck. Kate held
the reins at the bit, and paced at his head, her heart swelling with
happiness, as she drank in the loveliness of the night, till she was so
full of the beauty that her eyes began to fill. Pasco Pepperill was
silent. He was knotting the thorn-branch to his whip. His eye was on
her.
Presently the track on the turf ran at the edge of a steep slope.
Rocks from a tor overhead had fallen and strewn the incline, and
formed fantastic objects in the moonlight, casting shadows even
more fantastic. A sheep that had been sleeping under one of the
rocks started up and bounded away. The spring of the sheep close
beside him alarmed the horse, and he started back, plunged, and
dragged Kate off her feet.
Then, with a cry of rage, Pasco rose in the cart, whirled his whip
about, and lashed the cob with the full force of his arm, at the same
time that he raised the reins in his left and beat with them as well,
and jerked at the brute’s mouth.
Kate was down. She had slipped; she was before the plunging
beast. Pasco saw it. He swore, lashed this side, that, then at the
flanks, at the head, at the belly of the tortured brute, that leaped
and staggered, kicked and reeled under the strokes of the thorns
which tore his skin. He snorted, reared, put down his head; the
steam came off him in a cloud.
There was one thing the beast would not do—rush forward and
trample on the fallen girl. Pasco saw it, and cursed the horse. He
flung himself from the trap, he rushed at the bridle; his foot was on
Kate’s gown.
“Uncle! uncle!” she cried.
With one hand he dragged the horse forward, with the other he
swung the thorn-bush. A step, and the hoofs and wheels of the
horse and cart would be over the girl. Then a thrust would suffice to
send her down the side of the slope into the torrent below.
 But the brute leaped into the air before the swinging thorn-bush,
swerved up hill, dragging Pasco at his head, and flung him over a
rock. His hand became entangled; he could not for a moment
disengage it; he was dragged forward; the head-gear gave way, and
Pasco fell among the bushes, crying out with rage and pain. Next
moment Kate stood before him.
“What is the matter, uncle dear? Are you hurt? I am safe.”
 CHAPTER XXXVI
ALL IN VAIN

P asco Pepperill staggered to his feet, and at once felt pain in one
ankle.
“Are you hurt, dear uncle?” again inquired Kate.
“Hurt? I’ve strained and bruised myself all over. My right arm—my leg
—I can hobble only. Where’s the trap?”
“If you have no bones broken, uncle, sit down, and I will see after
Diamond.”
The horse was browsing unconcernedly at no great distance. Too
tired to run far, too hungry to heed his wounds, he had at once applied
himself to the consumption of the sweet moorland grass. Happily the
cart was uninjured. It had not been upset, and no more of the harness
was broken than a strap at the head. The cob allowed Kate to approach
and take him by the forelock without remonstrance. He knew Kate,
who had been accustomed to fondle him, and who, in the absence of
friends of her own order, had made one of the brute beast. She
managed to fasten up the broken strap and replaced the headstall;
then she drew the horse along to where her uncle sat rubbing his leg
and arm.
“It’s the right arm, drat it!” said Pasco; “won’t I only give that cursed
beast a leathering when I can use my arm again!”
“Surely, uncle, poor Diamond was going on all right till you beat him.
He is so patient that he does not deserve a beating. There is a thorn
branch about which the whip has become entangled. I suppose that
must have hurt him, poor fellow. He was good, too; when my foot
slipped and I fell, he would not trample on me. You were beating him,
uncle, and did not see where I was. Just think how good he was!—
notwithstanding the thorns, yet he would not tread on me.”
 “Oh yes, that is all you think about, you selfish minx, your own self.
Because you are uninjured, you don’t care for me who am bruised all
over.”
It was of no use pursuing the matter. Kate knew her uncle’s
unreasonable moods, so she changed the subject and asked, “What is
to be done now? shall we go on along the moor or turn back?”
“It is of no use going along the moor now. We may come to some
other darned accident with this vile brute. Lead him back along our
tracks to the road. I don’t want to be thrown out again. This is the
second time he has treated me in this manner. If I had a gun, I’d shoot
him.”
“Uncle, that other occasion was no fault of his. You were driving the
schoolmaster, and Walter Bramber told me about it—you sent the
wheel against a stone.”
“Of course the blame is mine, and this time also. The horse is
innocent.”
“If you had not beaten poor Diamond”—
“Go on with the cart, and hold your tongue.”
But Pasco walked with pain. He had not taken many steps before he
asked to be helped up into the trap.
Kate led the horse and spoke caressingly to the brute, that was
greatly fagged with the long journey without a break he had taken that
evening. Usually he would be given an hour’s rest and a feed at
Ashburton, before the worst and most arduous portion of the journey
was taken; but on this occasion he had been urged on at his fastest
pace and never allowed to slacken it, and not given any rest, not even
a mouthful of water, at Ashburton. No wonder that he tripped.
Pasco looked sullenly before him at the girl walking in the moonlight,
speaking to the horse. The chance of doing her an injury was past. He
could with difficulty move his arm. If he drew his knife on her and
attacked her there on the moor, she could run from him, and he would
be unable to pursue her, owing to his sprained ankle.
There was no help for it, he must make the best of the
circumstances, threaten her if she showed an inclination to speak and
compromise him. Perhaps, taken all in all, it was as well that his
purpose had been frustrated. There was no telling; he might have got
into difficulties had he killed her. In escaping from one danger, he might
have precipitated himself into another.
He saw now what he had not seen before. It had been his intention
to attribute the fire to Jason Quarm. Had Kitty disappeared according
to his purpose, then he would have said she had returned to Coombe
with her father. It was known that she had left the place in his own
company in the trap. She had been seen by the publican and by the
miller. But it was possible, it was probable, that Jason had been seen as
he drove through Coombe to the Cellars. If so, then it would have been
observed that he was alone; accordingly his—Pasco’s—story of her
return with her father would have been refuted. Then, what
explanation could he have given of her disappearance?
Pepperill drew a long breath. He had been preserved from making a
fatal mistake. He was glad now that his attempt on Kate had been
frustrated.
Then, again, a new idea entered his brain. Could he not have
attributed her death to accident on the moor, had the horse trampled
on her? He might have done so, but then, would not folks have thought
there was something more than coincidence in the death, the same
night, of father and daughter?
“I believe I’d ha’ been a stoopid if I’d ha’ done it,” said Pasco, and
resigned himself to circumstances. “Be us in the road? I reckon us be.”
“Yes, uncle; here is where we turned off from the highway. Which
turn shall I take—on to Brimpts or back to Ashburton?”
“On ahead, Brimpts way. There’s a little public-house at Pound Gate,
and I be that dry, and the cob, I reckon, be that lazy—we’d best turn in
there and rest the night. The shaking of the cart hurts me, moreover.”
Kate got up into the vehicle and drove. Her uncle gladly resigned the
reins to her. He could have held them, indeed, but not have used the
whip, and Diamond would not go with him unless he used the whip.
Before long the little tavern was reached—a low building of
moorstones, whitewashed, with a thatched roof, and a sign over the
door.
To the surprise of Pepperill, he saw a chaise without horses outside.
At the inn he drew up. The landlord came to the door and helped
him to descend.
“What! hurt yourself, Mr. Pepperill?”
 “Yes; had a spill.”
“On your way to Brimpts, I suppose? I hear you are selling the
timber.”
“Yes, to Government. Have you visitors?”
“Ay! Some one come after you.”
“After me?”
Notwithstanding his bad ankle, Pasco started back. Had his face not
been in shadow, the landlord might have observed how pale he had
become.
“What! come from Coombe?” he asked in a faltering voice.
“Hardly that, master,” answered the landlord. “Not likely that when
you be come from there. No, o’ course, came t’other road. He asked
about you at Brimpts, and then drove on. He’s purposing to sleep the
night here, and was intending to push on to Coombe to-morrow. He’s
ordered some supper, and my old woman ha’ done him a couple of
rashers and some eggs. Have you a mind to join him?”
“But who is he? What does he want?” Pasco was still uneasy.
“A sort of a lawyer chap.”
“A lawyer?” Pepperill hobbled to his trap. “I’ll push on, thank ye, I’ll
not stay.”
“Nay, you’d better. I hold wi’ you, master, that it is best in general to
give clear room to lawyers. But this time I don’t think but you’d safest
come in. He’ll do you no hurt, and maybe he brings you good, Mr.
Pepperill.”
“I’ll go on,” said Pasco decidedly. “I hate all lawyers as I do ravens.”
“Halloo! What is this?” A gentleman put his head out of the bar
parlour window, which was open. “Who is it that hates lawyers? Not Mr.
Pepperill?”
Pasco attempted to scramble into his trap.
“Is that Mr. Pepperill, of Coombe Cellars? You must stay. I have a
word to speak with you.”
“I won’t stay—not a minute.”
“I’ll not charge you six-and-eight. Yet it is something to your
advantage. I’m Mr. James Squire, solicitor, Tavistock. I have come
about your affairs. Your old uncle, Sampson Blunt, is dead—died of a
stroke—sudden—and you come in for everything. What say you now?
Will you stay? Will you put up your horse? Will you come in and have
some of my rasher and eggs? I’m drinking stout—what will you take?
You won’t drive any farther to-night, I presume? Sampson has died
worth something like three thousand pounds; and every penny comes
to you, except what Government claims as pickings—probate duty, you
understand.”
“Three thousand pounds?” gasped Pasco.
“Ay, not a guinea under, and it may be more. His affairs haven’t been
properly looked into yet. I came off post-haste, took a chaise from
Tavistock, didn’t think to meet you. Was coming on to-morrow. An
apoplectic stroke. No children, no one else to inherit but yourself, the
only heir-at-law. Now, then, what do you say? Rum and milk, they tell
me, is the moor tipple, but I go in for stout.”
With glazed eyes and open mouth stood Pasco Pepperill, his hands
fallen at his side; he seemed as though he had been paralysed.
“Three thousand five hundred—there’s no saying,” continued Mr.
Squire, through the window. “Look sharp, come in, or the rashers and
eggs will be cold. I asked for a chop. Couldn’t have it. Pleaded for a
steak. No good. No butchers on the moor. So ham and eggs, and ham
salt as brine. Never mind—drink more. Come in.”
Then the head of the lawyer disappeared behind the blind, and the
click of his knife and fork was audible.
Pasco tried to raise his right arm, failed, then he clapped his left
hand to his brow.
“Good heavens!” he almost shouted; “I’ve done it all for naught.”
“Done what?” asked the innkeeper.
Pasco recovered himself.
“Nothing. I am stunned. This has turned my head. Lend me your
arm. I must go in. No—I must return home—get me another horse—I
cannot stay. Quick; I must return—oh, be quick.”
“Well, that’s coorious!” said the landlord. “I reckon you ought to go in
and listen to what the lawyer has to say, first. As for horses, I don’t
keep ’em, and the lawyer’s post-horses be gone into the stable for the
night.”
“Lend me your arm,” said Pepperill. “I don’t know right what I’m
about. This has come on me quite unexpected.”
“I wish three thousand pounds’d come unexpected on me,” replied
the host.
 Pasco entered the room where the lawyer was eating.
“That’s right,” said the latter. “Take a snack. There’s some for all, I
say, with my rasher, and you may say so with your legacy, and give me
a slice off your dish. Polly—a plate and knife and fork for the
gentleman.”
Pepperill seated himself. He was as if stupefied. Then he put both
elbows on the table, though the movement of his right arm pained him,
and began to cry.
“That’s what I like,” said the lawyer. “Feeling, sentiment. It’s what we
all ought to do. Amen. When grieving is done, there’s a couple of eggs
left. But I like that. Heart in the right place. Quite so. What is your
tipple? That’s very nice. Feeling—I love it. I didn’t know, though, that
you had seen your uncle for twenty years, and cared twopence about
him. P’r’aps you didn’t in times gone by; now, of course, it’s different
with three thousand pounds. I respect your emotion; I love it. But cry
when you go to bed. Eat now. There is a place and there is a time for
everything. It does you credit, I shall make a point of mentioning it—no
extra charge.”
END OF VOL. II.
MORRISON AND GIBB, PRINTERS, EDINBURGH.
 A LIST OF NEW BOOKS
AND ANNOUNCEMENTS OF
METHUEN AND COMPANY
PUBLISHERS: LONDON
36 ESSEX STREET
W.C.

CONTENTS
PAGE
FORTHCOMING BOOKS, 2
POETRY, 13
GENERAL LITERATURE, 15
THEOLOGY, 17
LEADERS OF RELIGION, 18
WORKS BY S. BARING GOULD, 19
FICTION, 21
NOVEL SERIES, 24
BOOKS FOR BOYS AND GIRLS, 25
THE PEACOCK LIBRARY, 26
UNIVERSITY EXTENSION SERIES, 26
SOCIAL QUESTIONS OF TO-DAY, 28
CLASSICAL TRANSLATIONS, 29
COMMERCIAL SERIES, 29
WORKS BY A. M. M. STEDMAN, M.A., 30
SCHOOL EXAMINATION SERIES, 32
PRIMARY CLASSICS, 32
OCTOBER 1894
 October 1894.

Messrs. Methuen’s
ANNOUNCEMENTS

Poetry
Rudyard Kipling. BALLADS. By Rudyard Kipling. [May 1895.
Crown 8vo. Buckram. 6s
The announcement of a new volume of poetry from Mr. Kipling will excite wide
interest. The exceptional success of ‘Barrack-Room Ballads,’ with which this
volume will be uniform, justifies the hope that the new book too will obtain a
wide popularity.

Henley. ENGLISH LYRICS. Selected and Edited by W. E. Henley. Crown

8vo. Buckram. 6s.
Also 30 copies on hand-made paper Demy 8vo. £1, 1s.
Also 15 copies on Japanese paper. Demy 8vo. £2, 2s.

Few announcements will be more welcome to lovers of English verse than the one
that Mr. Henley is bringing together into one book the finest lyrics in our
language. Robust and original the book will certainly be, and it will be produced
with the same care that made ‘Lyra Heroica’ delightful to the hand and eye.

“Q” THE GOLDEN POMP: A Procession of English Lyrics from Surrey to

Shirley, arranged by A. T. Quiller Couch. Crown 8vo. Buckram. 6s.
Also 40 copies on hand-made paper. Demy 8vo. £1, 1s.
Also 15 copies on Japanese paper. Demy 8vo. £2, 2s.

Mr. Quiller Couch’s taste and sympathy mark him out as a born anthologist, and out
of the wealth of Elizabethan poetry he has made a book of great attraction.
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