Part 3: NATIONALISM AND

PATRIOTISM
Learning Objective:
At the end of this chapter the
students should be able to;
Differentiate nationalism
from patriotism and recall
their concepts and types,
NATIONALISM
&
PATRIOTISM
Nationalism is often confused with
patriotism. We should treat both as
entirely different words which are
just related to each other although
there is a blurred line between
them.
“Is the loyalty and devotion to a
nation” especially : a sense of national
consciousness exalting one nation above
all others and placing primary emphasis
on promotion of its culture and interests
as opposed to those of other nations or
supranational groups. (Merriam Webster
Dictionary)
qNationalism is an ideology and movement
defined by promoting the interests of a particular
nation, in particular with the aim of acquiring and
maintaining the nation’s sovereignty over its
country of origin(Smith,2010)

qNationalism claims that each nation should

regulate itself, free from outside intervention,
that a nation is a natural and ideal political basis,
and that the nation is the only legitimate source
of political authority(Finlayson, 2014)
qIt also aims to build and maintain a single
n a t i o n a l i d e n t i t y, b a s e d o n s h a r e d s o c i a l
characteristics such as culture, language, religion,
political, and belief in a distinctive shared history,
and to promote national unity or solidarity( Yack
2012).
Nationalism therefore seeks to preserve and
encourage a nation’s traditional culture, and
c u l t u r a l r ev i v a l s h a v e b e e n c o n n e c t e d t o
nationalist movements. It also fosters prides in
domestic accomplishments and I strongly
associated with patriotism(Triandafyllidou,1998)
Types of Nationalism
qThe country is described from prior
generations in terms of ethnicity and
descent. It also involves the concept of a
shared culture among group members,
and generally a shared language.
2. Civic Nationalism
qThe State derives political legitimacy from its
citizens’ active involvement and the extent to which it
reflects the
“ will of the individuals”

qIt is regarded to be voluntary

qState nationalism, often coupled with ethnic

nationalism, is a version of civic nationalism. It means
that the country is the community of those who
contribute to the state’s maintenance and strength.
A radical form of imperialism that includes independent,
patriotic feelings with a faith in expansionism, generally
through military aggression. The word was coined in the late
19th century as European powers indulged in the ‘Scramble of
Africa’ in the name of domestic glory, but was most closely
linked with militarist governments in the 20 th century,
including Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, the Japanese Empire,
and the Balkan Nations of Albania (Great Albania),
Bulgaria(Great Bulgaria), Croatia (Greater Croatia), Hungary.
It is otherwise known as organic
nationalism and identity nationalism. Is the
form of ethnic nationalism in which the
states derives political legitimacy as a result
and expression of the nation’s natural. It is
based on the presence of a historical ethnic
culture that meets the romantic ideal.
The country is described by shared
culture , not solely civic or ethnic.
Chinese nationalism is an instance of
cultural nationalism, partially due to
China’s many national minorities.
Membership in the nation is neither
completely voluntary nor here.
Nationalist feelings are the outcome of
opposition to colonial rule to survive
and maintain a domestic identity
Is a kind of nationalism lately defended by
political philosophers who think that non-
xenophobic form of nationalism compatible
with liberal values of liberty, tolerance,
equality and individual rights can
e x i s t ( Ta m i r, 1 9 9 5 ) a n d t h a t l i b e r a l
democratic politics need domestic identity
to work correctly.
Nationalism’s connection to a specific
religious faith, church, or affiliation. It can be
seen that a shared religion contributes to a
sense of domestic unity and a mutual bond
between the nation’s people. This
connection can be divided into two
dimensions: religion’s politization and
religion’s converse effects on politics.
Ethnic or cultural nationalism
refers to a country that is itself a
cluster of associated ethnic and
cultural communities.
Diaspora is an ethnic population residing
outside their traditional homelands. In
this type of nationalism, there is a
nationalist sense, e.g. the Irish in the US,
the Jews in the US , and elsewhere etc.
On nationalist basis(e.g. the Catalans
and Basques in Spain) an ethnic or
cultural minority within a nation-state
aims independence.
A political term, mainly used in Europe,
to describe a version of conservatism
that focuses more on domestic
interests than conventional
conservatism, while not being unduly
nationalist or pursuing a far-right
agenda.
Revolutionary nationalism is an ideological theory
that calls for a domestic group united by a shared
sense of intent and destiny, also known as a
radical nationalism. It was first ascribed and
strongly promulgated by Benito Mussolini to
followers of revolutionary syndicalism. In France
and Italy at the start of the 20 th century, this
intellectual synthesis of “ radical nationalism and
dissident society” was created.
14. Left-Wing Nationalism

It is also sometimes referred to as socialist

nationalism, relates to many political
movement cobining left-wing or socialism
with nationalism.
It is a national pride is a sense of love,
dedication and attachment to a country and
an alliance with other peaople who share the
same interpretation. this attachment can be
a mixture of many distinct emotions,
including ethnic, cultural, political or
historical elements related ro one’s own
country.
The English word patriot is first known in the
Elizabethan period; it originated from the
Latin (6 th Century) “ patriota” via Middle
French, meaning “countryman”, finaly from
the Greek (patriotes), meaning “from the
same nation”(patris), meaning” father land”
( Liddel & Scott, 2013). The abstract noun of
patriotism in the early 18th century.
You may call yourself a patriot if you consider
these:
1. Respect the flag and value Filipino identity.
2. Know your nation’s history and be able to share it
to others.
3. Be a productive citizen.
4. Be aware of the issues in our country.
5. Stand proud for every Filipino achievement.
6. Patronize and support our own products.

7. Respect everyone and value our traditions.

8. Speak out our language and not hesitant to tell where

you really came from.

9. Remember and commemorate our heroes’ sacrifices

for our country.

10. Love our family, our neighbors, and our compatriots.

Ex. For the sake of his country, a soldier makes the ultimate
sacrifice of his life for no other reason than being a citizen of
that nation, patriotism is a dedication to one’s nation.
1. Patriotism of Duty
This includes fidelity to one’s nation
through material acts. This is a military
service patriotism and other selfless
sacrifice types. This is where patriotism
becomes embodies and its ideals take
praiseworthy particular action.
This is the patriotism of the heart. It is about one’s
internal desire for his country’s well being. The
patriotism of affec tion c an be seen in the
patriotism of duty, but it does not necessarily
result in it; one can truly love his country and yet
be a coward, just as one can theoretically fulfill a
patriotic duty and yet feel apathetic about the
country’s welfare.
This is a custom patriotism, written or unwritten.
The patriotism of manners is to place one’s hand
over the heart during the national anthem. It can be
perform by anyone without actually needing
affection or duty of patriotism. While the above
types of patriotism show, at least in part, the beliefs
and hopes of a person, the patriotism of manners
establishes mostly a set of protocols.
1. Personal Patriotism
Is emotional and voluntary. The patriot
adheres to certain patriotic values, such as
respect for the flag or the honoring include
enlisting in the army, public service, and
participation in the political process
through voting or other forms of activism.
Promoted by the government which has a high symbolic
and ceremonial content. It is logical consequences pf the
state itself, which derives legitimacy from being the
expression of the common good of the political
community. Official patriotism relies heavily on symbolic
acts, such displaying the flag, singing national anthem,
saying a pledge, participating in a mass rally, placing
patriotic bumper sticker on one’s vehicle, or any other
way of publicly proclaiming allegiance to the state.
In wartime is intended to raise morale, in
turn contributing to the war effort.
Cannot be so easily linked to a measurable
gain for the state, but the patriot does not
see it as an inferior.
The belief that the national environment defines
a country’s greatness, is a significant strand in 20th
century American environmentalism.
Environment patriotism belief that a healthy
natural environment promotes the strength and
safety of the nation. This linkage of
environmental laws and patriotism suggests that
the priority placed upon environmental
protection deserves to be a par with that of
national security.
 Difference Between
Patriotism and Nationalism
While the term patriotism and nationalism were
once regarded as synonymous, distinct
connotations were assumed . While both are
people’s feelings of affection for their nation, the
values on which they are based are very distinct.

Patriotism feelings are based on the country’s

positive values; like liberty, justice and equality.
qOn the other hand, nationalism emotions are
based on the belief that one’s nation is superior to
all others.

qIt also hold a connotation of other countries’

distrust or disapproval, leading to the premise that
other states are competitors. While patriot do not
degrade other countries automatically, nationalists
do, sometimes to the point of calling for the global
dominance of their country. Nationalism is the
polar opposite of globalism by its protectionist
beliefs.
 ALWAYS REMEMBER

“MY DREAMS ARE WORTHLESS, MY

PLANS ARE DUST, UNLESS THEY ARE
COVERED WITH ACTIONS…
I WILL ACT NOW”

Thank you…..