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9.07 Functions and Relations Notes

The document covers Grade 9 mathematics focusing on functions and relationships, building on concepts from Grade 8. It includes methods for determining input and output values, equivalent forms of relationships, and graphical representations of equations. Additionally, it provides practice problems and solutions related to these concepts.

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Zoe
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© © All Rights Reserved
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1 views

9.07 Functions and Relations Notes

The document covers Grade 9 mathematics focusing on functions and relationships, building on concepts from Grade 8. It includes methods for determining input and output values, equivalent forms of relationships, and graphical representations of equations. Additionally, it provides practice problems and solutions related to these concepts.

Uploaded by

Zoe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRADE 9 – TOPIC 07

FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS

Functions and relationships has been dealt with in Grade 8. Make sure that
you can do all the examples in the Grade 8 study guide.

1. REVISION OF WORK DONE IN GRADE 8

1.1 DETERMINE INPUT VALUES, OUTPUT VALUES OR


RULES

*Determine the output value: Substitute the input value into the
rule or equation.
*Determine the input value: Substitute the output value into the
rule or equation.
*Determine the rule: The rule is:

 input value  constant difference    what?  output value



1.2 EQUIVALENT FORMS

The same relationship between numbers can be described in words,


represented in flow diagram, tables, formulae or equations. Consider
examples 9 and 10 on page 94 and 95 in the Grade 8 study guide.

2. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

Relationships between two variables can also be represented graphically.

Example 1

1
The equation y  2 x  1 represents the relationship between two variables
x and y.
Complete the table alongside and x 1 0 1 2
represent the relationship graphically. y

Solution:

y  2x  1
Let x  1: y  2  1  1
 y  1
Let x  0 : y  2  0   1
 y 1
Let x  1: y  2 1  1
y 3
Let x  2 : y  2  2   1
y 5

x 1 0 1 2
y 1 1 3 5

3. TEST YOURSELF

Do the following on your own. Look at the examples when you run into
difficulties.

-2
1. Use the rule and the given -1 1
x 1
input values to determine 0 3
the corresponding output 1
values. 2

2
2. The equation y  2 x  3 is given. If the input values are x {1;0;1;2},
determine the corresponding output values.
3. Determine the inut value  x  if the rule x
is y  2 x  1.
1
y 12 2 2 12 4

4. If the output values are y {5;7;9} for the equation y  0,5x  3,


determine the corresponding input values.

5. Determine the rule in the given flow diagram.

x y

-1 -1
0 1
1 3
2 5

6. The relationship between two variables is described in words as:


“Multiply the input value by 3 and then subtract 2.”

a) Represent this relationship as an equation. Let the inut value be x


and the output value be y.
b) Draw a table to represent this relationship for x {1;2;3;4}
c) Represent this relationship in a flow diagram.

3
Solutions:

1. Substitute x in the given rule with the corresponding output value.

-2  53   13  2   1   53 
-1  43   13  1  1   43 
1
0 x 1 1   13  0   1  1
3
1  23   13 1  1   23 
2  13   13  2   1   13 

2. To determine the output values, substitute the input values into the
equation.

For x  1: y  2  1  3


 y  2  3
 y 1
For x  0 : y  2  0   3
y 03
y 3
For x  1: y  2 1  3
y  23
y 5
For x  2 : y  2  2   3
y  43
y 7

The output values are y  {1;3;5;7}

4
3. For y  12 :  12 x  1
1
2

  1  12 x
1
2  Add  1 to both sides 
 12  12 x
1  x  Divide both sides by 12 
For y  2 : 2  12 x  1
 2  1  12 x  Add  1 to both sides 
1  12 x
2  x  Divide both sides by 12 
For y  2 12 : 2 12  12 x  1
 2 12  1  12 x  Add  1 to both sides 
1 12  12 x
3  x  Divide both sides by 12 
For y  4 : 4  12 x  1
 4  1  12 x  Add  1 to both sides 
 3  12 x
6  x  Divide both sides by 12 

x 1 2 3 6
y 12 2 2 12 4

5
4. 5  0,5x  3 7  0,5x  3 9  0,5x  3
 5  3  0,5 x  7  3  0,5 x 9  3  0,5 x
 2  0,5 x  4  0,5 x  6  0,5 x
x  4 x 8  x  12

The input values are x {4;8;12}

5. The consant difference between the output values = 2. So, the rule is:
2  input number) + (which number?) = output value

2  1  ?  1  Use the first input and output values


 2  1  6 2  1  2 and  2  1  1
20  ?  1  Use the second input- and output values
0 1  1

The rule can now be represented by an equation:


y  2 x  1 where x represents the input value and y the output value

6. a) y  (3  x)  2 b)
Input value x 1 2 3 4
 y  3x  2 Output value y 1 4 7 10

c) x y
1 1
2 y  3x  2 4
3 7
4 10

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