CS 102

Object Oriented Programming

GUI Event Handling

Sources:
http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/java/j4a_gui.html
 Event Handling
2

¨ Java uses Event Driven Model for event handling.

¨ An event is generated when user interacts with GUI
¨ Some example events:
¤ Clicking a button
¤ Presing the ENTER key

¤ Typing a key

¤ Closing a frame

¤ Clicking a mouse button

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 Event Handling
3

¨ Once an event is generated, it is passed to other

objects which handle the event.
¨ This is also known as the Event Delegation Model.

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 Event Handling
4

¨ Three types of objects are involved

¤ Event Source
¤ Event Listener(s)

¤ Event Object

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 Event Handling
5

¨ Three types of objects are involved

¤ Event Source
n Usually components (like button or textfield) but they can be
other kind of objects (like windows) too.
n It registers to event listener(s)
n It generates event objects

¤ Event Listener(s)
¤ Event Object

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 Event Handling
6

¨ Three types of objects are involved

¤ Event Source
¤ Event Listener(s)
n Receives an event object from the event source and performs
the implemented approppriate action
¤ Event Object

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 Event Handling
7

¨ Three types of objects are involved

¤ Event Source
¤ Event Listener(s)

¤ Event Object
n Created by the event source and sent to the registered
event listener(s)
n It describes the event by encapsulating the necessary
information (like (x,y) coordinates in a mouse event)

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 Event Handling Process
8

Event Source Event Listener(s)

¨ An event source is registered with an event listener

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 Event Handling Process
9

Event Source Event Listener(s)

¨ User interacts with the event source. Triggers an

event.

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 Event Handling Process
10

Event Source Event Listener(s)

Event Object

¨ An event object is created.

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 Event Handling Process
11

Event Source Event Listener(s)

Event Object

¨ Appropriate listener is invoked

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 Event Handling
12

¨ Not procedural model.

¤ Code is not executed in a sequential manner.
¨ Sequential Model vs. Event Model
¤ Sequential model
¤ Event Model (Event loop)

¨ All event handling code executes in a single thread

¤ One event handler finishes before the next one can
start

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 Implementing Event Handlers
13

¨ There are three steps:

1. An event handler (event listener) class needs to be
declared
2. An instance of the event listener needs to be registered
to one or more components
3. The event handler class must implement the methods of
the interface

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 Listener Interfaces
14

An interface which
<<interface>>
every listener interface
EventListener
has to extend

<<interface>> <<interface>> <<interface>>

ActionListener MouseListener KeyListener

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 Listener Interfaces
15

<<interface>>
EventListener

<<interface>> <<interface>> <<interface>>

ActionListener MouseListener KeyListener

n Clicking a button fires an Action Event

n Clicking a mouse fires Mouse Event
n Typing a key fires Key Event.

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 Listener Interfaces
16

<<interface>>
EventListener

<<interface>> <<interface>> <<interface>>

ActionListener MouseListener KeyListener

These are the most commonly used ones.

There are also some others.

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 Listener Interfaces
17

<<interface>>
EventListener

<<interface>> <<interface>> <<interface>>

ActionListener MouseListener KeyListener

MyButtonListener MyKeyListener
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 Listener Interfaces
18

They contain the

<<interface>>
necessary code that
needs to be executed EventListener
when an event is
generated.
<<interface>> <<interface>> <<interface>>
ActionListener MouseListener KeyListener

MyButtonListener MyKeyListener
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 Listener Interfaces
19

<<interface>>
EventListener

Event Listener class needs to either

<<interface>> Øimplement
<<interface>> a listener interface
<<interface>>
ActionListener Øextend a class thatKeyListener
MouseListener implements a
listener interface

MyButtonListener MyKeyListener
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 ActionListener Interface
20

<<interface>>
ActionListener
+actionPerformed(event: ActionEvent)

¨ ActionListener interface contains actionPerformed

function.
¨ A listener implementing ActionListener needs to
implement this method.
¨ EventSource calls this method and sends the event as
a parameter.

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21 Action Listener Examples
Ø EventExample1
Ø EventExample2
Ø EventExample3
Ø RadioButtonExample
Ø CheckBoxExample
Ø DynamicCheckBoxExample

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 EventExample1
22

¨ An example from last lecture.

¨ Lets extend it so that an event
occurs when we click the button
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 EventExample1
23

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 EventExample1
24
 Implementing Event Handlers
25

¨ There are three steps:

1. An event handler (event listener) class needs to be
declared
2. An instance of the event listener needs to be registered
to one or more components
3. The event handler class must implement the methods of
the interface

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 EventExample1
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 EventExample1
27
 EventExample1
28

addActionListener(ActionListener e)
functionality of JButton to register for
Action Listeners
 EventExample1
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 Example (Before button click)
30
 Example (After button click)
31
 JOptionPane
32

¨ A simple dialog box for graphical input or output

¨ showMessageDialog displays a message similar to

System.out.println
¨ public static void showMessageDialog(
Component parent, Object message)
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 Example with JOptionPane
33
 Example (After button click)
34
35 Action Listener Examples
Ø EventExample1
Ø EventExample2
Ø EventExample3
Ø RadioButtonExample
Ø CheckBoxExample
Ø DynamicCheckBoxExample

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 EventExample2
36

¨ When is clicked

¨ When is clicked

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 Multiple Listeners
37

¨ There are 2 buttons and 3 listeners.

¤ Button1 is registered to 2 listeners
n Listener1
n Listener2

¤ Button2 is registered to 2 listeners

n Listener2
n Listener3

¨ Remember an event source can register to multiple

event listeners.

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 Multiple Listener
38

¨ We have the same event listener class and three

listeners use this one.
¨ We need to use an id to diffirentiate them.

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 Multiple Listeners
39

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 Multiple Listeners
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¨ actionPerformed function needs to be implemented

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 Multiple Listeners
41

¨ actionPerformed function needs to be implemented

Ø We need the listener id and the text inside the button.

Ø The listener id is a class instance
Ø The text of the button can be retrieved from event object

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 Event Objects
42

¨ Every event is a subclass of EventObject

¨ EventObject is an abstract class EventObject
¤ getSource() returns the event object #source: Object
¤ It returns the object reference, we +getSource(): Object
need to cast it before using it. +toString(): String

¨ Subclasses can add their own methods

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 Multiple Listeners
43

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44 Action Listener Examples
Ø EventExample1
Ø EventExample2
Ø EventExample3
Ø RadioButtonExample
Ø CheckBoxExample
Ø DynamicCheckBoxExample

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 EventExample3
45

¨ Initial state

¨ When clicked to OK button or pressed ENTER in

textbox

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 EventExample3
46

¨ The event will copy the text inside textbox to the

label.
¨ Both the textField and label need to be accessed
from the event handler class.

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 EventExample3
47

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 EventExample3
48

¨ Why?
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 EventExample3
49

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50 Action Listener Examples
Ø EventExample1
Ø EventExample2
Ø EventExample3
Ø RadioButtonExample
Ø CheckBoxExample
Ø DynamicCheckBoxExample

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 RadioButton Example
51

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 RadioButton Example
52

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 RadioButtons
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¨ User can select all radiobuttons. How can restrict this?

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 ButtonGroup
54

¨ ButtonGroup component makes sure that only

button (radio button as well) can be selected at a
time.

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 RadioButton Example
55

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 RadioButton Example
56

¨ How many combinations of RadioButtons can a user

select?

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 RadioButton Example
57

¨ How many combinations of RadioButtons can a user

select?

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 RadioButton Example
58

¨ At this point report button does not do anything.

¨ Lets implement an event handler for the button.

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 RadioButton Example
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¨ When the report button is

clicked display the
selected and unselected
radiobuttons.

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 RadioButton Example
60

¨ When the report button is

clicked display the
selected and unselected
radiobuttons.
¨ In our ActionListener class
we need to know which
radiobuttons are selected.

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 RadioButton Example
61

¨ When the report button is

clicked display the
selected and unselected
radiobuttons.
¨ In our ActionListener class
we need to know which
radiobuttons are selected.
¨ Therefore, we need to
send them to listener class.

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 RadioButton Example
62

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 RadioButton Example
63

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 RadioButton Example
64

¨ Do not forget to register the listener to the report

button.

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65 Action Listener Examples
Ø EventExample1
Ø EventExample2
Ø EventExample3
Ø RadioButtonExample
Ø CheckBoxExample
Ø DynamicCheckBoxExample

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 CheckBox Example
66

¨ We can use CheckBox instead of RadioButton as

well.

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 CheckBox Example
67

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 CheckBox Example
68

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 CheckBox Example
69

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 CheckBox Example
70

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 CheckBox Example
71

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 CheckBox Example
72

¨ If we have not 5 but more CheckBoxes.

¨ Are we going to have more of the followings?

¨ Lets do the same thing dynamically...

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73 Action Listener Examples
Ø EventExample1
Ø EventExample2
Ø EventExample3
Ø RadioButtonExample
Ø CheckBoxExample
Ø DynamicCheckBoxExample

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 DynamicCheckBox Example
74

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 DynamicCheckBox Example
75
 DynamicCheckBox Example
76

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 DynamicCheckBox Example
77

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 MouseListener Interface
78

<<interface>>
MouseListener
+mousePressed(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseReleased(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseClicked(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseEntered(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseExited(event: MouseEvent)

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 <<interface>>
MouseListener Interface MouseListener

79
+mousePressed(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseReleased(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseClicked(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseEntered(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseExited(event: MouseEvent)

mousePressed Invoked when a mouse button has been

pressed on a component.
mouseReleased Invoked when a mouse button has been
released on a component.
mouseClicked Invoked when the mouse button has been
clicked (pressed and released) on a
component.
mouseEntered Invoked when the mouse enters a component.
mouseExited Invoked
Ozyegin University - CS 102 -when the mouse
Object Oriented exits a component.
Programming
 MouseListener Interface
80

<<interface>>
MouseListener
+mousePressed(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseReleased(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseClicked(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseEntered(event: MouseEvent)
+mouseExited(event: MouseEvent)

¨ Do we need to implement them all?

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 Event Adapters
81

¨ Adapter classes provide empty implementations to

all the methods of interfaces.
¨ These abstract classes make interface usage easier
¨ Most event listener interfaces have their
corresponding adapter classes that have all of the
interface methods implemented.

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 Mouse Adapter
82

¨ This abstract class implements MouseListener

interface with empty bodies.

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83 Mouse Listener Examples
GicikButton
MouseClickCoordinates

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 GicikButton
84

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 GicikButton
85

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 GicikButton
86

¨ setLocation function invokes setBounds function

but it uses the component’s current width and height.

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87 Mouse Listener Examples
GicikButton
MouseClickCoordinates

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 MouseClickCoordinates
88

¨ A 400x400 frame
¨ Whereever a mouse
clicks on it, it prints out
the x,y coordinates of
the clicked location.

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 MouseClickCoordinates
89

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 MouseClickCoordinates
90

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 MouseClickCoordinates
91

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 MouseClickCoordinates
92

int getX()function returns the X position of the event

int getY()function returns the Y position of the event
int getButton()function returns the mouse button which has
changed the state
int getClickCount()function returns the number of mouse
clicks associated with
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94 Any Questions ?

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