Pediatric Critical Care Text and Study Guide 2nd Edition Full Text Download
Pediatric Critical Care Text and Study Guide 2nd Edition Full Text Download
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Preface
Steven E. Lucking, MD
Hershey, PA, USA
Acknowledgments
When we first began this endeavor years ago, we were told by many experi-
enced colleagues that putting together a quality textbook is a labor of love, a
greater truth has not been told. However, when we were told a second edition
would be so much easier than the first, that turned out to be not so true.
The work has been difficult at times, but always rewarding and worthwhile.
As editors, we are proud of the textbook, but clearly recognize that the project
would never have come to fruition without key individuals who have supported
us through this arduous process.
To our wives: Lynn, Tricia, Janet, and Peggy, who supported and guided us
throughout the entire project. Without their love, wisdom, and tireless sup-
port, this book would have never reached completion.
To our children, who serve as the inspiration and guiding force for each
of us.
To the authors of every chapter. Without their intellect, hard work, and
drive to teach, the dissemination of this important knowledge to the next gen-
eration of pediatric intensivists would not be possible. We particularly want to
thank our authors for their efforts during the late stages of the publication
when many of them assumed increased clinical and administrate duties in
response to the COVID-19 pandemic. On that note, the editors decided not to
include a separate section on the SARS CoV-2 virus and the pandemic as the
data was still in evolution and publication of an evidence based chapter would
have been premature.
Two additional special acknowledgements:
We want to thank and acknowledge our Co-editor, Dr. Steven Lucking.
After 35 years of service as a Pediatric Intensivist, Steve will be turning his
attention to travel, baseball, and serving as a pediatrician on medical missions.
Steve has been a foundational and transformative leader in the field of pediat-
ric critical care. He has been the quintessential bedside intensivist—shepherd-
ing our sickest children through the rigors of critical illness. He has served as a
mentor to many—always placing the academic achievements of his colleagues
above his own. Always an advocate, critical thinker, and most importantly a
selfless friend.
Lastly, my wife Lynn Maffei, who during the writing of the second edition,
developed a health crisis. She has been the model of courage, perseverance, and
faithfulness. Our love can and will overcome all.
»» God watches over small children and fools…he has us all covered.
Frank A. Maffei, MD
Robert F. Tamburro, MD, MSc
Arno L. Zaritsky, MD
Steven E. Lucking, MD
VII
Contents
Volume I
II Respiratory
7 Pulmonary Structure and Function���������������������������������������������������������������������� 155
Jonathan Spahr
III Cardiovascular
14 Hemodynamics������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 333
Scott A. Hagen, Awni M. Al-Subu, Nathan Thompson,
and Timothy E. Corden
Volume II
VI Infectious Disease
33 Acute Pulmonary Infections�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1003
Karen S. Powers and Erin E. Barker
34 Sepsis���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1035
Erin Carlton, Angela Lorts, Thomas P. Shanley, and Timothy T. Cornell
VII Hematology
38 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation���������������������������������������������������������� 1147
Robert F. Tamburro, Ahmad Al-Huniti, Mariella Vargas-Gutierrez,
Jorge Gonzalez Ulloa, and Leonardo R. Brandão
VIII Gastrointestinal
42 Acute Liver Injury and Failure in Children�������������������������������������������������������� 1289
Richard L. Lambert
Supplementary Information
Index�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1597
XIII
Contributors
Joseph A. Carcillo, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Uni-
versity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of
UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
[email protected]
Erin Carlton, MD
Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, C.S. Mott Children’s Hos-
pital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
[email protected]
Gary D. Ceneviva, MD
Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health
Children’s Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA
[email protected]
Jill M. Cholette, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Golisano Chil-
dren’s Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
[email protected]
Robert E. Cilley, MD
Penn State Health Children’s Hospital/Penn State College of Medicine, Her-
shey, PA, USA
[email protected]
Robert S. B. Clark, MD
Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Pediatrics and Clinical and Transla-
tional Science, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pitts-
burgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of
UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
[email protected]
Timothy E. Corden, MD
Pediatric Special Needs Program/Complex Care Medicine, Department of
Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin,
Milwaukee, WI, USA
[email protected]
Timothy T. Cornell, MD
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile
Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA
[email protected]
Steven J. Crellin, DO
Geisinger Medical Center, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, Danville, PA, USA
[email protected]
Mary K. Dahmer, PhD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of
Michigan, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
[email protected]
L. Eugene Daugherty, MD
Novant Health Hemby Children’s Hospital, Charlotte, NC, USA
[email protected]
XV
Contributors
Michael T. Davis, MD
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
[email protected]
Michael D. Dettorre, DO
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Philadel-
phia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
[email protected]
Jennifer E. L. Diep, MD
Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Geisinger Medical
Center, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, Danville, PA, USA
Michael P. Eaton, MD
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
[email protected]
Guillaume Emeriaud, MD PhD
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine,
Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
[email protected]
Brett W. Engbrecht, MD, MPH
Peyton Manning Children’s Hospital at St. Vincent, Indianapolis, IN, USA
[email protected]
Elif Erkan, MD, MS
Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati,
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
[email protected]
Ericka L. Fink, MD, MS
Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Pediatrics and Clinical and Transla-
tional Science, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pitts-
burgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of
UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
[email protected]
Caroline L. S. George, MD
University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric
Critical Care Medicine and Otto Bremer Trust Center for Safe and Healthy
Children, Minneapolis, MN, USA
[email protected]
Jill M. Gotoff, MD
Department of Pediatrics, Geisinger Medical Center, Janet Weis Children’s
Hospital, Danville, PA, USA
[email protected]
Swathi Gowtham, MD
Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Geisinger Medical
Center, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, Danville, PA, USA
[email protected]
Juan A. Gutierrez, MD, FAAP
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Goryeb Children’s Hospital, Morristown,
NJ, USA
[email protected]
Contributors
XVI
Scott A. Hagen, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wis-
consin School of Medicine and Public Health, American Family Children’s
Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
[email protected]
Mark W. Hall, MD, FCCM
Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide
Children’s Hospital and The Ohio State University College of Medicine,
Columbus, OH, USA
[email protected]
Mohammed Hamzah, MD
Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Children’s
and Pediatric Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of
Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
[email protected]
William Hanna, MD
Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Children’s
and Pediatric Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of
Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
[email protected]
William G. Harmon, MD
Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Vir-
ginia School of Medicine, UVA Children’s Hospital, Charlottesville, VA, USA
[email protected]
Richard Holubkov
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
[email protected]
Janet Hume, MD, PhD
Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Uni-
versity of Minnesota School of Medicine, University of Minnesota Masonic
Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA
[email protected]
Jason R. Imundo, MD
Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health
Children’s Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA
[email protected]
Elise W. van der Jagt, MD, MPH
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Golisano Children’s Hospital,
Rochester, NY, USA
[email protected]
Tammara L. Jenkins, MSN, RN, PCNS-BC
Pediatric Trauma and Critical Illness Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD),
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
[email protected]
Philippe Jouvet, MD PhD
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine,
Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
[email protected]
XVII
Contributors
Swati Karmarkar, MD
Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of
Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
[email protected]
Robert P. Kavanagh, MD
Pediatric Critical Care, Penn State Hershey Children’s Hospital, Hershey, PA,
USA
[email protected]
Garrett Keim, MD
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Phil-
adelphia, PA, USA
[email protected]
Sajad Jawad Khazal, MD
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular
Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Children’s
Cancer Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
[email protected]
Robinder Khemani, MD MsCI
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospi-
tal Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
[email protected]
Patrick M. Kochanek, MD
Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Anesthesiology, Pediatrics and Clini-
cal and Translational Science, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Uni-
versity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
[email protected]
Nikoleta S. Kolovos, MD
Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St.
Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
[email protected]
Richard L. Lambert, M.D.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Geisinger Medical
Center, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Janet Weis Children’s
Hospital, Danville, PA, USA
[email protected]
Angela Lorts, MD
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cin-
cinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
[email protected]
Steven E. Lucking, MD
Penn State Hershey Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine,
Hershey, PA, USA
Kecha A. LynShue, MD
Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Atrium Health Cabarrus,
Jeff Gordon Children’s Hospital, Concord, NC, USA
[email protected]
Contributors
XVIII
Frank A. Maffei, MD
Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Janet Weis
Children’s Hospital, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
[email protected]
Kris Michael Mahadeo, MD, MPH
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular
Therapy, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Children’s
Cancer Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
[email protected]
Kathleen L. Meert, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan
University, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
[email protected]; [email protected]
Michael L. Moritz, MD
Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA,
USA
[email protected]
Anne Marie Morse, DO
Department of Child Neurology, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, Geisinger,
Danville, PA, USA
[email protected]
Vinay M. Nadkarni, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical
Care, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, The
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
[email protected]
Christopher Newth, MD ChB FRCPC
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospi-
tal Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
[email protected]
Trung C. Nguyen, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of
Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID) at the
Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX,
USA
[email protected]
Suzie A. Noronha, MD
Pediatric Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Golisano Children’s Hospital, Rochester,
NY, USA
[email protected]
Stephen Pfeiffer, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cin-
cinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center,
Cincinnati, OH, USA
[email protected]