TARGET : GATE/ESE 2024/25

Topic : Probability & Random Variables 50 Ques -->GC_Sir

Que. 1
Two dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability that at least one of them will have 6 facing up is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 2
The probability that top and bottom cards of a randomly shuffled deck are both aces is.

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 3
A single die is thrown twice. What is the probability that the sum is neither 8 nor 9 ?
(A) 1/9`` (B) 5/36
(C) 1/4 (D) 3/4

Que. 4
A fair dice is rolled twice. The probability that an odd number will follow an even number is
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/4

Que. 5
Events A,B,C are mutually exclusive and exhaustive

The set of positive value of x are in the interval is equal to_____

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Que. 6
Two white and two black balls, kept in two bins, are arranged in four ways as shown below. In each
arrangement, a bin has to be chosen randomly and only one ball needs to be picked randomly from the
chosen bin. Which one of the following arrangements has the highest probability for getting a white ball
picked ?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 7
In a town there are equal number of men and women. In which 50% of men and 20% of women are
employed. Then the probability that person is an unemployed person if person is selected randomly____

Que. 8
A person has undertaken a construction job and the probability that there is strike is 0.3. The probability
that construction job will be completed on time when there is strike is 0.35 and probability that
construction job will be completed on time when there is no strike is equal to 0.45. The probability that
construction job is completed on time___

Que. 9
A bag contains 10 white balls and 15 black balls. Two balls are drawn in succession. The probability
that one of them is black and the other is white is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 10
Let two fair, six faced dice A and B thrown simultaneously. If E1 is the event that dice A shows up four,
E2 is the event that dice B shows up two and E3 is the event that the sum of numbers on both dice is odd,
then which statement is not true ?
(A) E1 and E3 are independent (B) E1, E2 and E3 are independent
(C) E1, and E2 are independent (D) E2 and E3 are independent

Que. 11
In a town, 6% population is corona positive. A new diagnostic kit arrived in the market. This kit
correctly identifies corona positive individuals 91% of the time and corona negative individuals 82% of

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the time. A person is tested by this kit and found to be positive. Then the probability the person is
actually positive___

Que. 12
"Consider a company that produces bolts with probability of defective bolt is 0.01." The company sells
bolts in packets of 10 and offers the replacement guaranteed that at most one of the 10 bolts may be
defective. What proportion of the packets sold must the company replace__

Que. 13
Of the students in a college it is known that 60% reside in a hostel and 40% are day scholars (not
residing in the hostel). Previous year results report that {30% of all students who reside in the hostel
attain A grade} in their annual examination and 20% of day scholar attains A grade in their annual
examination. At the end of the year, one student is chosen at random from the college and he has an A
grade. The probability that the student is a hostler___

Que. 14
Computers are supplied to an institution according to following information.
% of computer Probability of
Company
supplied being defected
X 60% 0.01
Y 30% 0.02
Z 10% 0.03
Given that the computer is defective, find the probability that it was supplied by company Y.

Que. 15
A die is rolled three times. The probability that exactly one odd number turns up among the three
outcomes is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 16
A fair coin is tossed three times in succession if the first toss produces a head, then the probability of
getting exactly two heads in three tosses is
(A) 1/8 (B) 1/2
` (C) 3/8 (D) 3/4

Que. 17
Four cards are randomly selected from a pack of 52 cards. If the first two cards are kings, what is the
probability that third card is a king ?
(A) 4/52 (B) 2/50

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(C) (D)

Que. 18
Three cards were drawn from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that they are a king, a queen and a jack is
(A) 16/5525 (B) 64/2197
(C) 3/13 (D) 8/16575

Que. 19
A box contains 10 screws, 3 of which are defective. Two screws are drawn at random with replacement.
The probability that none of the two screws will be defective.
(A) 100% (B) 50% (C) 49% (D) None of these

Que. 20
A box contains 2 washers, 3 nuts and 4 bolts items are' drawn from the box at random one at a time
without replacement. The probability of drawing 2 washers first followed by 3 nuts and subsequently the
4 bolts is
(A) 2/315 (B) 1/630 (C) 1/1260 (D) 1/2520

Que. 21
From a pack of regular playing cards, two cards are drawn at random. What is the probability that both
cards will be kings, if first cards is not replaced ?
(A) 1/26 (B) 1/52 (C) 1/169 (D) 1/221

Que. 22
There are two containers, with one containing 4 Red and 3 Green balls and the other containing 3 blue
and 4 green balls. One ball is drawn at random from each container. The probability that one of the balls
is red and the other is blue will be.
(A) 17 (B) 9/4 (C) 12/4 (D) 3/7

Que. 23
A bag contains 7 red and 4 white balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the probability that both
the balls are red ?
(A) 28/55 (B) 21/55 (C) 7/55 (D) 4/55

Que. 24
If 20 percent manager are technocrats, the probability' that a random committee of 5 managers consists
of exactly 2 technocrats is
(A) 0.2048 (B) 0.4000
(C) 0.4096 (D) 0.9421

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Que. 25
In a multi-user operating system on an average, 20 requested are made to use a particular resource per
hours. The arrival of request follows a Poisson’s distribution. The probability that either one, three or
five requests are made in 45 minutes is given by:
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
Que. 26
Parcels from sender S to receiver R pass sequentially through two post-offices. Each post-office has a

probability of losing an incoming parcel, independently of all other parcels. Given that a parcel is lost,

the probability that it was lost by the second post-office is________.

Que. 27

If X and Y are random variable such that and , then

__________.
Que. 28
Two players, A and B alternately keep rolling a fair dice. The person to get a six first wins the game.
Given that player A starts the game, the probability that A wins the game is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 29
Suppose that a book of 600 pages contains 40 printing mistakes. Assume that these errors are randomly
distributes throughout the book and x, the number of errors per page has a Poisson distribution. What is
the probability that 10 pages selected at random will be free of errors?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Que. 30
Suppose p is the number of cars per minute passing (through a certain road junction between 5PM and 6
PM and p has a Poisson distribution with mean 3. What is the probability of observing fewer than 3 cars
during any given minute in this interval ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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Que. 31
It is estimated that the average number of events during a year is three. What is the probability of
occurrence of not more than two events over a two-year duration? Assume that the number of events
follow a Poisson distribution.
(A) 0.052 (B) 0.062 (C) 0.072 (D) 0.082

Que. 32
The number of accidents occurring in a plant in a month follows Poisson distribution with mean as 5.2.
The probability of occurrence of less than 2 accidents in the plant during a randomly selected month is
(A) 0.029 (B) 0.034 (C) 0.039 (D) 0.044

Que. 33
The probability that a screw manufactured by a company is defective is 0.1. The company sells screws
in packets containing 5 screws and gives a guarantee of replacement if one or more screws in the packet
are found to be defective. The probability that a packet would have to be replaced is _________

Que. 34
If 20 percent managers are technocrats, the probability that a random committee of 5 managers consists
of exactly 2 technocrats is
(A) 0.2048 (B) 0.4000
(C) 0.4096 (D) 0.9421
Que. 35
The standard deviation of a uniformly distributed random variable between 0 and 1 is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 36
A box contains 2 washers, 3 nuts and 4 bolts. Items are drawn from the box at random one at a time
without replacement. The probability of drawing 2 washers first followed by 3 nuts and subsequently the
4 bolts is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 37
Demand during lead time with associated probabilities is shown below
Demand 50 70 75 80 85
Probability 0.15 0.14 0.21 0.20 0.30

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Expected demand during lead time is _______.Que. 1

Let A, B and C be independent events which occur with probabilities 0.8, 0.5 and 0.3 respectively. The
probability of occurrence of atleast one of the event is __
Que. 38
A loaded dice has following probability distribution of occurrences
Dice Value 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability 1/4 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/4
If three identical dice as the above are thrown, the probability of occurrence of value 1, 5 and 6 on the
three dice is
(A) Same as that of occurrence of 3,4, 5 (B) Same as that of occurrence of 1,2, 5
(C) 1/128 (D) 5/8

Que. 39

When a coin is tossed, the probability of getting a head is p, 0 < p <1. Let N be the random variable
denoting the numbers of tosses till the first Head appears. Assuming that successive tosses are
independent, the expected value of N is.
(A) 1/p (B) 1/(1-p)
(C) 1/p2 (D) 1/(1-p2)
Que. 40

Suppose Y is distributed uniformly in the open interval (1, 6). The probability that the polynomial
has only real roots is (rounded off to 1 decimal place) ___
Que. 41

In an examination, a student can choose the order in which two Que.s (QuesA and QuesB) must be
attempted.
 If the first Que. is answered wrong, the student gets zero marks.
 If the first Que. is answered correctly and the second Que. is not answered correctly, the student gets
the marks only for the first Que..
 If both the Que.s are answered correctly, the student gets the sum of the marks of the two Que.s.
The following table shows the probability of correctly answering a Que. and the marks of the Que.
respectively.
Que. Probability of answering correctly Marks
Ques A 0.8 10
Ques B 0.5 20
Assuming that the student always wants to maximize her expected marks in the examination, in which
order should she attempt the Que.s and what is the expected marks for that order (assume that the Que.s
are independent)?
(A) First QuesA and then QuesB. Expected marks 14.
(B) First QuesB and then QuesA. Expected marks 22.
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(C) First QuesB and then QuesA. Expected marks 14.
(D) First QuesA and then QuesB. Expected marks 16.
Que. 42
A bag has r red balls and b black balls. All balls are identical except for their colours. In a trial, a ball is
randomly drawn from the bag, its colour is noted and the ball is placed back into the bag along with
another ball of the same colour. Note that the number of balls in the bag will increase by one, after the
trial. A sequence of four such trials is conducted. Which one of the following choices gives the
probability of drawing a red ball in the fourth trial?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Que. 43
A sender (S) transmits a signal, which can be one of the two kinds: H and L with probabilities 0.1 and

receiving v when u is transmitted, where u, v ∈ {H. L}. For example, the probability that the received
0.9 respectively, to a receiver (R). In the graph below, the weight of edge (u, v) is the probability of

signal is L given the transmitted signal was H. is 0.7.

If the received signal is H, the probability that the transmitted signal was H(rounded to 2 decimal places)
is______
Que. 44

The standard normal probability function can be approximated as

Where standard normal deviate. If mean and standard deviation of annual precipitation are 102
cm and 27 cm respectively, the probability that the annual precipitation will be between 90 cm and 102
cm is
(A) 66.7 % (B) 33.3 % (C) 50.0 % (D) 16.7 %

Que. 45
For a random variable following normal distribution, the mean is . If the
probability is for . Then the probability of x lying between 90 and 110 i.e.
and equal to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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Que. 46
The annual precipitation data of a city is normally distributed with mean and standard deviation a 1000
mm and 200 mm, respectively. The probability that the annual precipitation will be more than 1200 mm
is
(A) < 50 % (B) 50% (C) 75% (D) 100 %

Que. 47
A nationalized bank has found that the daily balance available in its savings accounts follows a normal
distribution with a mean of Rs. 500 and a standard deviation of Rs. 50. The percentage of savings
account holders, who maintain an average daily balance more than Rs. 500 is _________

Que. 48
For a construction project the mean and standard deviation of the completion time are 200 days and 6.1
days respectively. Assume normal distribution and use the value of standard normal deviate z = 1.64 for
the 95% confidence level. The maximum time required (in days) for the completion of the project would
be __________

Que. 49
If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and standard deviation 5, what is Probability , given
= 2.881 where A represents area, is_____

Que. 50
In a sample of 100 students, the mean of the marks (only integers) obtained by them in a test is 14 with
its standard deviation of 2.5 (marks obtained can be fitted with a normal distribution). The percentage of
students scoring, GREATER 16 marks is = ?
(A) 36 (B) 23 (C) 12 (D) 10
(Area under standard normal curve between z = 0 and z = 0.6 is 0.2257; and between z = 0 and z = 1.0 is
0.3413)

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