AP PHYSICS 1 Test Booklet

Quiz Q3

1. A uniform ladder of mass and length rests against a smooth wall at an angle , as shown in the figure. What
is the torque due to the weight of the ladder about its base?

(A)
(B)
(C)

(D)

The figure above represents a stick of uniform density that is attached to a pivot at the right end and has equally spaced
marks along its length. Any one or a combination of the four forces shown can be exerted on the stick as indicated.

2. Two of the four forces are exerted on the stick. Which of the following predictions is correct about the change in
angular velocity of the stick per unit of time?
When and are exerted on the stick, the stick will have the greatest change in angular velocity per unit
(A)
of time.
(B) When and are exerted on the stick, the stick will not change its angular velocity per unit of time.
When and are exerted on the stick, the stick’s change in angular velocity per unit of time will be in the
(C)
clockwise direction.
When and are exerted on the stick, the stick will have the smallest change in angular velocity per unit
(D)
of time.

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Quiz Q3

A disk rolls without slipping down an incline as shown in Figure . A force diagram, which represents the forces exerted
on the disk and the locations at which the forces are exerted, is shown in Figure . At the instant shown in Figure , Point
, which is on the edge of the disk, is in contact with the incline.

Which of the following forces exerted on the disk, exert torques on the disk about Point at the instant shown in
3.
Figure ?
(A) The force of gravity only
(B) The frictional force only
(C) The frictional force and the gravitational force
(D) The frictional force, the gravitational force and the normal force

4. Two identical wheels, wheel 1 and wheel 2, initially at rest begin to rotate with constant angular accelerations .
After rotating through the same angular displacement, , the angular velocity of wheel 1 is and the angular
velocity of wheel 2 is . How does the angular acceleration of wheel 2, , compare to the angular
acceleration of wheel 1, ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

5. A rod is free to rotate about its center. Two forces of equal magnitude can be exerted perpendicular to the rod.
Which of the following force diagrams shows the situation with the maximum magnitude of the net torque exerted
on the rod about its center by the two forces?

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Quiz Q3

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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1.

A student rides a bicycle in a circle at a constant speed and constant radius. A force diagram for the student-bicycle
system is shown in the figure above. The value for each force is shown in the figure. What is the acceleration of the
student-bicycle system?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

2.

An object rotates with an angular speed that varies with time, as shown in the graph. How can the graph be used to
determine the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the object? Justify your selection.
Subtract the greatest value of the angular speed from the smallest value of the angular speed, because
(A)
.
(B) Determine the slope of the line from to , because the slope represents .
(C) Determine the area bounded by the line and the horizontal axis from to , because .
(D) The angular acceleration cannot be determined without knowing the rotational inertia of the object.

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3.

A graph of the angular velocity as a function of time is shown for an object that rotates about an axis. Three
time intervals, , are shown. Which of the following correctly compares the angular displacement of the
object during each time interval?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

The figure above represents a stick of uniform density that is attached to a pivot at the right end and has equally spaced
marks along its length. Any one or a combination of the four forces shown can be exerted on the stick as indicated.

4. Two of the four forces are exerted on the stick. Which of the following predictions is correct about the change in
angular velocity of the stick per unit of time?
When and are exerted on the stick, the stick will have the greatest change in angular velocity per unit
(A)
of time.
(B) When and are exerted on the stick, the stick will not change its angular velocity per unit of time.
When and are exerted on the stick, the stick’s change in angular velocity per unit of time will be in the
(C)
clockwise direction.
When and are exerted on the stick, the stick will have the smallest change in angular velocity per unit
(D)
of time.

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5.

During an experiment, an object is placed on a disk that rotates about an axle through its center, as shown in Figure
1. The block is a distance from the center and rotates with a constant tangential speed of .A
free body diagram of the forces exerted on the block is shown in Figure 2 with an unknown force of friction. What
is the force of friction exerted on the block?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

6. An object of mass travels in a horizontal circular path of radius at constant speed. The object’s period of
revolution is . What is the centripetal acceleration of the object?
(A) Zero
(B)

(C)

(D)

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7. Which of the following is constant for an object in uniform circular motion?

(A) Kinetic energy
(B) Velocity
(C) Acceleration
(D) Displacement
(E) Linear momentum

8.

The figure above represents the orbits of two planets of equal mass that orbit their star in the counterclockwise
direction as a double-planet system. From the point of view of an observer on either planet, the planets appear to
orbit each other while also orbiting the star. The dots on the orbits represent the position of the planets at time t0,
and X is the position of their center of mass at that time. Which of the following arrows best represents the
acceleration of the center of mass of the double-planet system when it is at point X ?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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9.

A steel ball supported by a stick rotates in a circle of radius r, as shown above. The direction of the net force acting
on the ball when it is in the position shown is indicated by which of the following?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

10.

A block is attached to the end of a string and initially moves at a constant speed in a horizontal circle of constant
radius, as shown. The radius is then increased slowly while the speed remains the same. Which of the following
graphs best represents the force exerted on the block by the string as a function of the radius?

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(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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11.

Pulleys and are each attached to a block by a string that wraps around the pulley. Both blocks are released and
have the same linear acceleration . As the blocks fall, the pulleys rotate about their centers. Pulley has a larger
radius than Pulley . How does the angular acceleration of Pulley compare to the angular acceleration of
Pulley ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) The angular accelerations cannot be determined without know the mass of each block.

12.

A ball of radius starts from rest and rolls without slipping down a ramp in a time , reaching a final speed at
the bottom of the ramp. Which of the following is a correct expression for the angular acceleration of the ball as it
rolls down the ramp?

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(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

13.

The graph represents the angular velocity of a fan as a function of time. What is the total angular displacement of
the fan during the time shown on the graph?

(A)

(B)
(C)

(D)

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14.

A thin rod that is free to rotate about its top end is initially held in place at an angular position of , as shown. It
is released, and after a time it is at angular position . What is the average angular speed of the rod while it
swings from to ?
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

15. A sphere is spinning with initial angular speed when it begins slowing at a constant angular acceleration of
magnitude . After rotating through an angular displacement of , the sphere comes to rest. A second identical
sphere has initial angular speed when it begins slowing at a constant angular acceleration of magnitude .
The second sphere rotates through the same angular displacement before coming to rest. Which of the
following correctly compares to ?

(A)

(B)

(C)
(D)

16. A disk that is initially at rest is set into motion with a constant angular acceleration . Which of the following
expressions correctly represents the angular speed of the disk after it has made the first complete revolution?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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17.

The graph shows the angular velocity of a rotating wheel as a function of time. A student analyzing the graph claims
that the wheel has a constant angular acceleration. Is the claim correct? Why or why not?
(A) Yes, because the area under the graph is positive.
(B) Yes, because the graph is linear.
(C) No, because the graph is not a horizontal line.
(D) No, because the graph has a vertical intercept of zero.

18. Wheel begins at rest and rotates through one complete revolution with constant angular acceleration in a time
. Wheel also begins at rest and rotates through one complete revolution, but with constant angular acceleration
in a time . Which of the following correctly indicates the ratio ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

19. Two satellites are in circular orbits around Earth. Satellite A has speed vA. Satellite B has an orbital radius nine
times that of satellite A. What is the speed of satellite B?
(A) vA/9
(B) vA/3
(C) 3vA
(D) 9vA

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20.

In an experiment, a disk of known rotational inertia rotates as a result of a known force that is applied to the disk’s
edge. The angular velocity of the disk is measured as a function of time, as shown in the graph. Students must
determine the relationship between the magnitude of the change in angular momentum of the disk from to
and the torque applied to the disk. What quantity could the students measure in order to make the
determination? Justify your selection.
(A) the radius of the disk, because
(B) The acceleration of a point on the disk, because
(C) The mass of the disk, because
(D) The direction of the rotation, because a change in angular momentum is a vector quantity

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21.

A uniform rod is free to rotate about its left end, as shown. A force of magnitude is exerted a distance from the
left end of the rod and at an angle . The force exerts a torque on the rod. Which of the following
combinations of distance from the left end of the rod and angle would allow the force of magnitude to exert the
same torque on the rod?

Distance from left end Angle

A
B
C
D

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D

Three identical wheels, , , and , each have six regularly spaced spokes. A net force of magnitude is exerted on
each wheel, as shown in the figure.

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22. Which of the following correctly compares the net torques , , and , exerted on wheels , , and ,
respectively, about their centers?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

23. A rod is free to rotate about its center. Two forces of equal magnitude can be exerted perpendicular to the rod.
Which of the following force diagrams shows the situation with the maximum magnitude of the net torque exerted
on the rod about its center by the two forces?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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24.

Three forces are exerted on a beam of negligible mass and length . The locations, magnitudes, and directions of
the forces are indicated in the figure. Point is at the center of the beam. Considering counterclockwise to be the
direction of positive torque, which of the following is a correct expression for the net torque exerted on the rod
about Point ?
(A) θ θ θ
(B) θ θ
(C) θ θ
(D)

25.

A rod is free to rotate about the pivot represented by the dot in the figure. The four labeled forces of equal
magnitude can be exerted on the rod at the locations and in the directions shown. Which of the four forces will exert
the torque about the pivot with the greatest magnitude?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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A horizontal disk is free to rotate about an axle at its center. The labeled arrows in the figure represent forces of equal
magnitude that are exerted on the edge of the disk in the directions shown.

26. Which of the following correctly ranks the magnitudes of the torques , , , about the axle by forces , ,
, , respectively?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

27.

In the top-view figure, a rod rests on a horizontal surface. The rod is free to rotate about a pivot at its left end. A
single force of magnitude can be exerted perpendicular to the rod. At which location, if any, should the force be
exerted to maximize the torque exerted by the force?

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(A) The torque will be the same no matter where the force is exerted.
(B) At the right edge
(C) At the pivot
(D) At the center of the rod

28.

A horizontal disk is free to rotate about an axle at its center. The labeled arrows in the figure represent forces of
equal magnitude that are exerted on the edge of the disk in the directions shown. Which of the following correctly
ranks the magnitude of the torque about the axle exerted by each force?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

29. Two identical wheels, wheel 1 and wheel 2, initially at rest begin to rotate with constant angular accelerations .
After rotating through the same angular displacement, , the angular velocity of wheel 1 is and the angular
velocity of wheel 2 is . How does the angular acceleration of wheel 2, , compare to the angular
acceleration of wheel 1, ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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1.

On a straight horizontal track along which blocks can slide with negligible friction, block 1 slides toward block 2,
which is initially at rest. Block 1 collides with an electronic force probe attached to block 2, generating a force vs.
time graph and causing block 2 to start sliding. What additional measurements must be made to determine the
momentum of block 2 after the collision?
(A) None
(B) The mass of block 2 only
(C) The post-collision speed of block 2 only
(D) Both the mass and the post-collision speed of block 1

2.

Object travels across a horizontal surface and collides with object . The velocity as a function of time for object
and object before, during, and after the collision is shown in the graph. Both objects have a mass of .
Which of the following correctly describes the momentum of the system and the kinetic energy of the
system?

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(A)
Conserved Conserved

(B)
Conserved Not conserved

(C)
Not conserved Conserved

(D)
Not conserved Not conserved

3. A person applies an impulse of 5.0 kg∙m/s to a box in order to set it in motion. If the person is in contact with the
box for 0.25 s, what is the average force exerted by the person on the box?
(A) 1.25 N
(B) 2.00 N
(C) 12.5 N
(D) 20.0 N
(E) 200 N

4. A force of constant magnitude F and fixed direction acts on an object of mass m that is initially at rest. If the force
acts for a time interval ∆t over a displacement ∆x , what is the magnitude of the resultant change in the linear
momentum of the object?
(A) F ∆t
(B) F ∆x
(C) F∆t / m
(D) F∆x / m
(E) mF ∆t

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5.

Objects and are constrained to move along a straight line. The graphs above show the net force exerted along
that line on each of the objects as functions of time. Which of the following correctly ranks the change in
momentum of the objects?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) The ranking cannot be determined without knowing the masses of the objects.

6. A student throws a small lump of clay directly upward. The student then swings a heavy rod at the clay and, at the
instant the clay comes to rest at its maximum height, the rod collides with the clay. The clay immediately sticks to
the rod. Which of the following correctly indicates which object, if either, experiences an impulse of greater
magnitude because of the collision, and provides a valid justification?
The clay, because the rod is more massive and therefore delivers more impulse to the clay than the clay
(A)
delvers to the rod.
(B) The clay, because the speed of the clay increases more than the speed of the rod decreases.
(C) Neither, because the clay and the rod have equal and opposite accelerations.
(D) Neither, because the change in momentum of the clay is equal and opposite to that of the rod.

7. In a controlled experiment, engineers test a firecracker. The firecracker has mass and is placed at rest on a
horizontal surface. When the firecracker is lit, it explodes and breaks apart into two pieces. In the first trial, one
piece with mass moves to the left with speed and the other piece moves to the right with speed . A second

trial is performed with an identical firecracker, and one piece with mass moves to the left, again with speed
. What will the speed of the other piece be in this second trial?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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8.

Two carts move in opposite directions, as shown, and collide simultaneously with a block that is at rest. The three
objects stick together and do not move. Friction between the objects and the surface is negligible. The masses of the
carts are then doubled, and the process is repeated with the carts having the same speeds as in the original scenario.
How must the mass of the block change, if at all, so that after the three objects collide and stick together, they again
do not move?
(A) It must decrease by a factor of .
(B) It must increase by a factor of .
(C) It must increase by a factor of .
(D) The three objects will not move for any value of block mass.

9.

A spring-loaded launcher cart is initially at rest on a horizontal surface, as shown. When the launching mechanism
is released, a marble leaves the launcher with speed and the cart moves in the opposite direction with speed .
Frictional forces are negligible. Is the momentum of the launcher-marble system before the launch equal to the
momentum immediately after the launch? Why or why not?
(A) Yes, because there is no net external force on the system in the horizontal direction.
(B) Yes, because momentum stored in the spring was transferred to the cart and marble.
(C) No, because the total momentum of the system after the launch is greater than before the lunch.
(D) No, because the mechanical energy was zero before launch but greater than zero after launch.

10. A space probe is traveling in the -direction with speed very far from any other objects. A small explosive
device inside the space probe is detonated and the space probe breaks into two pieces with masses and . The
piece with mass moves in the -direction with speed . Which of the following is an expression for the
velocity of the piece with mass ?

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(A)
(B)

(C)

(D)

11.

A spaceship of mass is in deep space, far from any other objects, traveling with speed to the left, as shown
in the top figure. The spaceship separates into two pieces, with masses and , as shown in the bottom figure.
The piece with mass moves to the left with speed . Why does the piece of mass move to the left with
speed ?
(A) An external force on the system slows down the piece of mass .
(B) An external force on the system increases the speed of the piece of mass .
(C) There is no external force on the system so the momentum of the system must remain constant.
(D) There is no external force on the system so kinetic energy must remain constant.

12.

Cart of mass moves to the right with speed toward Cart of mass that is at rest, as shown. The carts
collide, stick together, and move with speed . Friction between the carts and the horizontal surface is negligible.
The process is repeated several times, each time increasing the mass of Cart but keeping and the same.
Which of the following graphs could represent the final speed as a function of ?

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(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

13.

A block of mass is moving to the right with speed toward a block of mass that is moving to the right with
speed , as shown. There is negligible friction between the blocks and the horizontal surface they slide on. The
blocks eventually collide and stick together. What is the speed of the two-block system immediately after they stick
together?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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Three objects can only move along a straight, level path. The graphs below show the position d of each of the objects
plotted as a function of time t.

14. The magnitude of the momentum of the object is increasing in which of the cases?
(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) I and III only
(E) I, II, and III

15.

The figure shows the speeds of two identical carts immediately before they collide. After the collision, the left cart
has speed . Frictional forces are negligible. Which of the following statements about the kinetic energy of the two-
cart system is true?
(A) None of the kinetic energy is lost during the collision.
(B) More than zero, but less than half, of the kinetic energy is lost during the collision.
(C) More than half, but not all, of the kinetic energy is lost during the collision.
(D) All of the kinetic energy is lost during the collision.

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16.

The graph shows the velocities of two carts as functions of time as the carts move toward each other, collide, and
then move away from each other on a horizontal track. Which of the following correctly indicates whether the
momentum and total kinetic energy of the two-cart system are the same before and after the collision?
(A) Both momentum and total kinetic energy are the same before and after the collision.
(B) Only momentum is the same before and after the collision.
(C) Only total kinetic energy is the same before and after the collision.
(D) It can’t be determined without knowing the relative masses of the carts.

17.

A student conducts an experiment in which an object travels across a horizontal surface while for a net force is
applied to a object that initially travels with a speed of . Data collected from the experiment are used
to create the graph of the magnitude of the applied force exerted on the object as a function of time is shown. All
frictional forces are considered to be negligible. Can the student use the graph and the known data to determine the
momentum of the object after the force has been applied?

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Yes, because the average force exerted on the object can be used with the time interval of to determine
(A)
the change in momentum of the object by using .
Yes, because the area bound by the best-fit line and the horizontal axis from to can be used to
(B)
determine the change in momentum of the object.
(C) No, because the data is too scattered to determine the average force that is exerted on the object.
No, because the student needs to know the direction that the force is applied to the object because the applied
(D)
force will be in the same direction as the change in momentum of the object.

18. An empty sled of mass M moves without friction across a frozen pond at speed v0. Two objects are dropped
vertically into the sled one at a time: first an object of mass m and then an object of mass 2m. Afterward the sled
moves with speed vf. What would be the final speed of the sled if the objects were dropped into it in reverse order?
(A) vf / 3
(B) vf / 2
(C) vf
(D) 2vf
(E) 3vf

19.

A force probe is used to push a box across a smooth surface, as shown in the figure. Frictional forces are considered
to be negligible. The force probe collects data about the force exerted on the box as a function of time. The data are
used to create the graph that is shown. During which time interval does the box experience the greatest change in its
momentum?

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(A) to
(B) to
(C) to
(D) The change in momentum is the same for each interval of time.

20.

A object travels across a horizontal surface with a constant speed of . An applied force that increases
with time is then exerted on the object. A graph of the force exerted on the object as a function of time is shown.
The applied force is in the direction of the object’s displacement. All frictional forces are considered to be
negligible. What is the object’s speed after the force has been applied for ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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21.

A block of mass slides on a frictionless, horizontal surface with a velocity of to the right, as shown
above, and collides with a block of mass that is at rest. As a result of the collision, the block comes to
rest. Which of the following correctly states whether the collision is elastic or inelastic and provides a valid
justification?
(A) Elastic, because the total momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after.
Elastic, because some of the initial kinetic energy is converted to other forms of energy but the total energy is
(B)
conserved.
(C) Inelastic, because the total momentum before the collision does not equal the total momentum after.
(D) Inelastic, because some of the initial kinetic energy is converted into nonmechanical energy.

22. A race car of mass is moving with speed on a straight road. It then accelerates in the direction of its motion at
a constant rate for an amount of time . Which of the following expressions is equal to the magnitude of the
impulse delivered to the car during this time?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

23. A block of mass slides along a horizontal surface and collides with a force sensor that reports the average force
exerted by the block on the sensor and the total time of the collision. Friction between the block and the
surface is negligible. Which of the following expressions is equal to the magnitude of the change in the velocity of
the block during the collision?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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24. A constant force of magnitude delivers an impulse to an object over time . A second constant force delivers an
impulse to the same object over a time . What is the magnitude of the second force?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

25.

The graph shows force as a function of time for two carts of different masses. The carts are on straight, horizontal
tracks and the forces are exerted parallel to the track. Cart has mass and Cart has mass . Is the
impulse delivered to Cart greater than that of Cart for the time period from to ? Why or why not?
(A) Yes, because the force on Cart increases to a value greater than that of Cart .
(B) Yes, because the slope of the graph is greater for Cart than Cart .
(C) No, because the mass of Cart is twice that of Cart .
(D) No, because the areas under the curve for both cars are equal.

26. A student catches a water balloon of mass that has speed just before the balloon reaches the student. The
student brings the balloon to a complete stop by exerting an average force over a time . The student then
catches a second water balloon that has mass , also traveling at speed , by exerting a force over a time .
What is the average force the student exerted on the second balloon?

(A)

(B)

(C)
(D)

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27. A ball of clay is thrown at and sticks to a target mounted on the back of a cart that is at rest. After the collision, the
cart and clay move together. Which of the following correctly describes the kinetic energy of the clay-cart system
following the collision?
(A) The kinetic energy is greater than that of the clay just before the collision.
(B) The kinetic energy is less than that of the clay just before the collision.
(C) The kinetic energy is equal to that of the clay just before the collision.
(D) The kinetic energy cannot be determined without knowing if the cart has greater or less mass than the clay.

28. Coin slides across a horizontal surface with speed and collides with identical Coin that is initially at rest.
Immediately after the collision, Coin has speed . Which of the following correctly describes the speed of
Coin immediately after the collision and how the kinetic energy of the two-coin system changes, if at all, during
the collision? Frictional forces are negligible.

Speed of Coin Kinetic Energy

A Remains constant
B Decreases

C Remains constant

D Decreases

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D

29.
Impact Rebound
Object
velocity velocity
Puck

Puck

Puck

Three identical pucks slide along a horizontal sheet of ice, strike a wall, and rebound. The initial velocity before
impact and the rebound velocity immediately after the collision are indicated in the table. Which of the following
correctly compares the amount of kinetic energy lost, , of the three pucks during the collisions?

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(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

30. A bumper car of mass is moving at speed when it collides and sticks to a second bumper car of mass that
is at rest. The two cars move together after the collision. What is the kinetic energy of the two-car system
immediately after the collision?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

31.

Three blocks slide along a horizontal surface, as shown. The masses of the blocks, as well as the magnitudes and
directions of their momenta, are indicated in the figure. Which of the following correctly relates the speed of the
three blocks?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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32.
Velocity of Object Velocity of Object Velocity of Object Velocity of Object
Before Collision Before Collision After Collision After Collision

Object of mass travels toward object of mass in such a way that they collide. The table contains data
about the velocities of object and object immediately before the collision and immediately after the collision.
What are the change in momentum of the two-object system and the change in momentum of each object from
immediately before the collision to immediately after the collision?

Change in Momentum of the Change in Momentum of Change in Momentum of

(A) System Object Object

Zero

Change in Momentum of the Change in Momentum of Change in Momentum of

(B) System Object Object

Zero

Change in Momentum of the Change in Momentum of Change in Momentum of

(C) System Object Object

Change in Momentum of the Change in Momentum of Change in Momentum of

(D) System Object Object

Zero Zero Zero

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33. A student drops an object from rest above a force plate that records information about the force exerted on the
object as a function of time during the time interval in which the object is in contact with the force plate. Which of
the following measurements should the student take, in addition to the measurements from the force plate, to
determine the change in momentum of the object from immediately before the collision to immediately after the
collision?
(A) The mass of the object
(B) The final speed of the object
(C) The distance fallen by the object
(D) The student has enough information to make the determination.

34. An object moving along the -axis initially has momentum . The momentum of the object then
changes by an amount . Which of the following correctly compares the magnitude and direction
of the final momentum to that of the initial momentum?

Magnitude Direction
A Greater Same
B Greater Opposite
C Less Same
D Less Opposite

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D

A small block of mass is moving to the right with a constant speed across a horizontal table. A large block of mass
is at rest on the table. The small block collides with and sticks to the larger block, as shown. Frictional forces between
both blocks and the table are negligible.

35. Which of the following provides a correct prediction about the change in the momentum of the two-block system
with correct justification?
(A) The change in momentum of the system is negative because kinetic energy is lost in the collision.
The change in momentum of the system is negative because the blocks have a speed less than after the
(B)
collision.
(C) The change in momentum of the system is zero because there is no net external force exerted on the system.
The change in momentum of the system is zero because the kinetic energy of the system is constant during
(D)
the collision.

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36.

A cart carrying a block moves to the right with constant speed. The block does not slip on the cart. Consider two
systems: System consists of only the block, and System consists of the block and the cart. Which of the
following correctly compares the speeds, and , of System and System , and the magnitudes of the
momenta, and , of the two systems, respectively?
(A) and
(B) and
(C) and
(D) and

37. At time , a rocket in outer space has mass , speed , and the magnitude of the rocket’s momentum is . The
rocket’s engines eject fuel, and the mass of the rocket decreases. At a later time , the rocket has mass , speed
, and the magnitude of the rocket’s momentum is . Which of the following correctly relates and ?

(A)

(B)
(C)
(D)

38.

A ball of mass M and speed v collides head-on with a ball of mass 2M and speed , as shown above. If the two
balls stick together, their speed after the collision is

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(A) 0
(B)
(C)

(D)
(E)

A ball is dropped and bounces off the floor. Its speed is the same immediately before and immediately after the collision.

39. Which of the following is true about the collision between the ball and the floor?
(A) The ball’s momentum is conserved.
(B) The ball’s momentum changes direction but not magnitude.
(C) The ball’s momentum changes magnitude but not direction.
(D) The impulse delivered to the ball by the floor is zero.
(E) The impulse delivered to the floor by the ball is zero.

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ASS 3 Q3 2025

1. A uniform ladder of mass and length rests against a smooth wall at an angle , as shown in the figure. What
is the torque due to the weight of the ladder about its base?

(A)
(B)
(C)

(D)

The graph above shows the potential energy of a system as one object in the system moves along the -axis and the rest
of the system does not move. Six evenly-spaced points along the -axis are labeled. At point , the object is moving in
the positive -direction and the mechanical energy of the system is . As the object moves, no energy enters or leaves
the system.

2. Which of the following describes the magnitude of the momentum of the object in the first two straight-line
segments shown in the graph as the object moves from point to point ?

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ASS 3 Q3 2025

(A)
Zero Increasing

(B)
Zero Decreasing

(C)
Constant but nonzero Increasing

(D)
Constant but nonzero Decreasing

Three objects can only move along a straight, level path. The graphs below show the position d of each of the objects
plotted as a function of time t.

3. The magnitude of the momentum of the object is increasing in which of the cases?
(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) I and III only
(E) I, II, and III

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ASS 3 Q3 2025

A ball is dropped and bounces off the floor. Its speed is the same immediately before and immediately after the collision.

4. Which of the following is true about the collision between the ball and the floor?
(A) The ball’s momentum is conserved.
(B) The ball’s momentum changes direction but not magnitude.
(C) The ball’s momentum changes magnitude but not direction.
(D) The impulse delivered to the ball by the floor is zero.
(E) The impulse delivered to the floor by the ball is zero.

A student plans to conduct an experiment in which the momentum of a two-object system can be determined immediately
before and after a collision takes place. The student slides block at an unknown constant speed toward an identical
block, block , that is initially at rest, as shown in the figure. There is negligible friction between the blocks and the
surface.

5. Which of the following choices lists the measuring tools necessary to determine the initial momentum of the system
before the collision takes place?
(A) Mass balance
(B) Mass balance and meterstick
(C) Mass balance, meterstick, and stopwatch
(D) Mass balance, meterstick, stopwatch, and force probe

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Quiz 1Q3 2025

1.

An object rotates with an angular speed that varies with time, as shown in the graph. How can the graph be used to
determine the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the object? Justify your selection.
Subtract the greatest value of the angular speed from the smallest value of the angular speed, because
(A)
.
(B) Determine the slope of the line from to , because the slope represents .
(C) Determine the area bounded by the line and the horizontal axis from to , because .
(D) The angular acceleration cannot be determined without knowing the rotational inertia of the object.

2.

A graph of the angular velocity as a function of time is shown for an object that rotates about an axis. Three
time intervals, , are shown. Which of the following correctly compares the angular displacement of the
object during each time interval?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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Quiz 1Q3 2025

3.

During an experiment, an object is placed on a disk that rotates about an axle through its center, as shown in Figure
1. The block is a distance from the center and rotates with a constant tangential speed of .A
free body diagram of the forces exerted on the block is shown in Figure 2 with an unknown force of friction. What
is the force of friction exerted on the block?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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Quiz 1Q3 2025

4.

An object of unknown mass is swung in a vertical circle at the end of a light string, as seen in the figure above. A
measurement is made of the object’s tangential speed at the bottom circular path. A student must determine the
tension in the string at the bottom of the circular path. Which of the following measurements, in conjunction with
the object’s tangential speed, are required to determine the tension in the string? Select two answers.

A The object’s tangential speed at the top of the circle

B The object’s mass

C The diameter of the circular path

D The time required for the object to complete one revolution

5.

The figure above represents the orbits of two planets of equal mass that orbit their star in the counterclockwise
direction as a double-planet system. From the point of view of an observer on either planet, the planets appear to
orbit each other while also orbiting the star. The dots on the orbits represent the position of the planets at time t0,
and X is the position of their center of mass at that time. Which of the following arrows best represents the
acceleration of the center of mass of the double-planet system when it is at point X ?

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Quiz 1Q3 2025

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

6.

A steel ball supported by a stick rotates in a circle of radius r, as shown above. The direction of the net force acting
on the ball when it is in the position shown is indicated by which of the following?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

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Quiz 1Q3 2025

7.

A block is attached to the end of a string and initially moves at a constant speed in a horizontal circle of constant
radius, as shown. The radius is then increased slowly while the speed remains the same. Which of the following
graphs best represents the force exerted on the block by the string as a function of the radius?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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Ass 2 Q3

1. A disk that is initially at rest is set into motion with a constant angular acceleration . Which of the following
expressions correctly represents the angular speed of the disk after it has made the first complete revolution?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

2. A wheel of radius is initially at rest when it begins spinning about a central axis with constant angular
acceleration. A point on the rim of the wheel moves a distance of of over a time interval . Which of the following
expressions is equal to the angular acceleration of the wheel?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

3.

A student builds the apparatus shown above. A light string is attached to an object of unknown mass and passed
through a tube such that the other end of the string is attached to a second object of mass . By holding on to the
tube, the student swings the object of unknown mass in a horizontal circle of radius while the object of mass
hanging from the string remains at a constant height. In each trial, the radius of the circular path is changed and
the tangential speed of the object of unknown mass is calculated. How can the student determine the value of the
unknown mass by using the radius of its circular path and its speed?
(A) Use the slope of a graph of as a function of .
(B) Use the -intercept of a graph of as a function of .
(C) Use the slope of a graph of as a function of .
(D) Use the -intercept of a graph of as a function of .

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Ass 2 Q3

4. Two identical wheels, wheel 1 and wheel 2, initially at rest begin to rotate with constant angular accelerations .
After rotating through the same angular displacement, , the angular velocity of wheel 1 is and the angular
velocity of wheel 2 is . How does the angular acceleration of wheel 2, , compare to the angular
acceleration of wheel 1, ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

5.

A ball of mass is on a horizontal surface with negligible friction. One end of a string is attached to the ball so
that it is spun in a horizontal circle of radius at tangential speed , as shown in Figure 1. A free-body diagram
for the ball at an instant in time is shown in Figure 2. The magnitude of the tension force is also indicated in Figure
2. Which of the following equations represents the centripetal acceleration of the ball if its tangential speed is
increased to ?
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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Ass 2 Q3

6.

An object is spun in a horizontal circle such that it has a constant tangential speed at all points along its circular path
of constant radius. A graph of the magnitude of the object’s tangential speed as a function of time is shown in the
graph. Which of the following graphs could show the magnitude of the object’s centripetal acceleration as a
function of time?

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Ass 2 Q3

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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ASS 1 Q3

1.

The toy car shown in the figure above enters the vertical circular loop with an initial velocity and moves completely
around the loop without friction. If the car has no means of self-propulsion, which of the following is true of the
car’s acceleration at the instant it is at point P ?
(A) It is vertically upward.
(B) It is in the direction of the velocity.
(C) It is directly toward the center of the circle.
(D) It has components both downward and toward the center of the circle.
(E) It has components both downward and away from the center of the circle.

2.

A student rides a bicycle in a circle at a constant speed and constant radius. A force diagram for the student-bicycle
system is shown in the figure above. The value for each force is shown in the figure. What is the acceleration of the
student-bicycle system?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

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ASS 1 Q3

3.

During an experiment, an object is placed on a disk that rotates about an axle through its center, as shown in Figure
1. The block is a distance from the center and rotates with a constant tangential speed of .A
free body diagram of the forces exerted on the block is shown in Figure 2 with an unknown force of friction. What
is the force of friction exerted on the block?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

4. An object of mass travels in a horizontal circular path of radius at constant speed. The object’s period of
revolution is . What is the centripetal acceleration of the object?
(A) Zero
(B)

(C)

(D)

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ASS 1 Q3

5. Which of the following is constant for an object in uniform circular motion?

(A) Kinetic energy
(B) Velocity
(C) Acceleration
(D) Displacement
(E) Linear momentum

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