Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion

Changes direction when 𝑣 = 0 𝑚/𝑠

𝑑𝑠
𝑣= = 3𝑡 − 14𝑡 + 10
𝑑𝑡
−𝑏 ± 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥 ,𝑥 =
2𝑎
−(−14) ± (−14) −4(3)(10)
𝑡=
2(3)
∴ 𝑡 = 0.88 𝑠 𝑜𝑟 3.786 𝑠

After changes direction 𝑣 = 34 𝑚/𝑠

Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
𝑎 𝑚/𝑠 𝑑𝑣
𝑎= = 6𝑡 − 14
𝑑𝑡
22

𝑡 𝑠
0 2.33 6
−14

𝑣 𝑚/𝑠 𝑣 = 3𝑡 − 14𝑡 + 10
34 𝑣

10
0 0.88
𝑡 𝑠
3.786 6
−6.33
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
a.
When 𝑡 = 0 𝑠
𝑠 = 𝑡 − 3𝑡 + 7 = 0 − 3 0 + 7 = 7 𝑚
𝑑𝑠
𝑣= = 3𝑡 − 3 = 3 0 − 3 = −3 𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣
𝑎= = 6𝑡 = 6 0 = 0 𝑚/𝑠 b.
𝑑𝑡
𝑠 = 12 + 6 + −8 + −6 = 32 𝑚
When 𝑣 = 3𝑡 − 3 = 30 𝑚/𝑠 𝑠 = 18 𝑚

∴ 𝑡 = 11 = 3.32 𝑠 𝑠 𝑚
𝑠
18
𝑠 = 𝑡 − 3𝑡 + 7
𝑠 =2 −3 2 +7=9𝑚 12
∴ 𝑠 −𝑠 =9−7=2𝑚 10

4
𝑡 𝑠
0 2 4 8 10
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
 Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
a. 𝑠 = 𝑡 + 6𝑡 − 15𝑡 + 7
𝑑𝑠
𝑣= = 3𝑡 + 12𝑡 − 15 = 0 𝑚/𝑠 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑠 =7𝑚
𝑑𝑡
∴ 𝑡 = 1 𝑠 𝑜𝑟 − 5 𝑠
When 𝑡 = 1 𝑠 𝑠 = −1 𝑚 𝑠 = 349 𝑚
𝑠 = 1 + 6 1 − 15 1 + 7 = −1 𝑚
𝑠 = 6 + 6 6 − 15 6 + 7 = 349 𝑚

𝑠 𝑚 𝑠
30
b.
𝑠 = 30 𝑚 25
𝑠 = 25 + 10 + 5 + 20 = 60 𝑚
15
10

𝑡 𝑠
0 5 10 15 25

−10
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion

𝑑𝑣 𝑣 − 𝑣 0 − (−10)
𝑎= = 1=
𝑑𝑡 𝑡 −𝑡 𝑡 −0
∴ 𝑡 = 10 𝑠
20 − (−10)
𝑎 = = 1 𝑚/𝑠
30 − (0) 0 − (20)
−2 =
−10 − 20 𝑡 − 30
𝑎 = = −2 𝑚/𝑠 ∴ 𝑡 = 40 𝑠
45 − 30
 Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
𝑎 𝑚/𝑠

1
𝑡 𝑠
0 30 45 𝑡
𝑠 𝑚
−2

240
215
Area under graph 𝑣 − 𝑡 = Displacement
−10 𝑡 − 45 = 215 𝑚 140
∴ 𝑡 = 66.5 𝑠

0 10
𝑡 𝑠
−10 30 40 45 66.5
−60
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
𝑑𝑣 𝑣 − 𝑣 𝑎 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎= =
𝑑𝑡 𝑡 −𝑡
0.5 − 0 2.5
𝑎 = = 𝑎 𝑚/𝑠
𝑡 −0 2
𝑡 𝑠
0 − 0.5 0 0.2 1.8
𝑎 = = −𝑎 𝑚/𝑠
2−𝑡 −2.5
1 − 0.5𝑡 = 0.5𝑡
𝑡 =2−𝑡
∴ 𝑡 = 0.2 𝑠 𝑠 𝑚
∴ 𝑎 = 2.5 𝑚/𝑠
0.9
0.85
1 1
0.9 = 0.5 𝑡 − 0 + 0.5 𝑡 − 𝑡 + 0.5 2 − 𝑡
2 2
0.9 − 0.5 + 0.25𝑡 = 0.25𝑡
0.4 + 0.25 2 − 𝑡 = 0.25𝑡 0.05
𝑡 𝑠
0.9 0.2 1.8 2
∴ 𝑡 = = 1.8 𝑠
0.5
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion

𝑎 𝑚/𝑠

3
𝑡 𝑠
0 10 26 41 46 50
−5
 Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
𝑠 𝑚 𝑠 When particle reaches 700 m again
906
866 700 = 866 + −20 𝑡 − 26
∴ 𝑡 = 34.3 𝑠

700

566 𝑑𝑣 𝑣 − 𝑣
546 𝑎= =
𝑑𝑡 𝑡 −𝑡
503.5
483.5
−20 − 60
𝑎 = = −5 𝑚/𝑠
26 − 10

−5 − (−20)
𝑎 = = 3 𝑚/𝑠
46 − 41
0
𝑡 𝑠
−54 10 22 26 34.3 41 46 50
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
Particle reaches 0 m at F
𝑑𝑣 𝑣 − 𝑣 0 = −60 + 40 𝑡 − 14
𝑎= =
𝑑𝑡 𝑡 −𝑡 ∴ 𝑡 = 15.5 𝑠
𝑠 𝑚
−20 − 0
𝑎 = = −5 𝑚/𝑠 80
𝑡 −0
∴ 𝑡 =4𝑠

0 − (−20)
𝑎 = = 10 𝑚/𝑠 0 15.5
𝑡 −8 𝑡 𝑠
∴ 𝑡 = 10 𝑠 4 8 10 14 17.5

−40
40 − 0
𝑎 = = 10 𝑚/𝑠 −60
𝑡 − 10
∴ 𝑡 = 14 𝑠

−120
−140
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
𝑣 =2 𝑡 +4
𝑣 =2 2 +4
𝑣 = 16 𝑚/𝑠

𝑎 𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑣
𝑎= = 4𝑡
𝑑𝑡 10
𝑎 = 4 1 = 4 𝑚/𝑠 0 2.5 7.5
𝑡 𝑠
𝑎 = 4 2 = 8 𝑚/𝑠 −4
1 2
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion
𝑣 =2 𝑡 +4
𝑠 𝑚
2𝑡
𝑠= 𝑣 𝑑𝑡 = + 8𝑡 + 𝑐 57.67
3 55.67
2(1)
𝑠 =5= + 8(1) + 𝑐 45.17
3
∴ 𝑐 = −3.67
2(2)
𝑠 = + 8 2 − 3.67 = 17.67 𝑚
3 25.67
1
𝑠 = 25.67 + 16 + 10 4 − 2.5
2
17.67
= 45.17 𝑚

0 − 16
𝑎 . . = = −4 𝑚/𝑠
6.5 − 2.5
5
𝑣 −0 𝑣 . −0
−4 = =
6.5 − 4 7.5 − 6.5 𝑡 𝑠
∴ 𝑣 = 10 𝑚/𝑠 0 1 2 2.5 4 6.5 7.5
∴ 𝑣 . = 4 𝑚/𝑠
Dynamics: Rectilinear Motion

3
𝑎 = 𝑡
8
3𝑡 3(8)
𝑣= 𝑎 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑣 = = 12 𝑚/𝑠
16 16
𝑣 𝑚/𝑠
𝑡
𝑠= 𝑣 𝑑𝑡 = − 32
8 12

8
𝑠 = − 32 = 32 𝑚
8 0
1 𝑡 𝑠
𝑠 = 32 + 14 − 8 12 = 68 𝑚 8 14 16
2
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Analysis 𝑥, 𝑦
𝑢 = 40 cos 60° = 20 𝑚/𝑠 𝑣 =𝑢 = 20 𝑚/𝑠
𝑢 = 40 sin 60° = 34.64 𝑚/𝑠
𝑣 =𝑢 +𝑎 𝑡
1 𝑣 = 34.64 + −9.81 6.11
𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡+ 𝑎 𝑡
2 𝑣 = −25.3 𝑚/𝑠
1
30 − 1.5 = 34.64𝑡 + −9.81 𝑡
2
𝑡 = 0.95 𝑠 𝑜𝑟 6.11 𝑠 ∴𝑣 = 𝑣 + 𝑣 = 32.25 𝑚/𝑠
∴ 𝑡 = 6.11 𝑠

𝑣
𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡 ∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 51.67°
𝑣
𝑠 − 0 = 20 6.11 = 122.22 𝑚
𝑣
∴ 𝑠 = 121 − 30 = 92.2 𝑚 A
51.67°

𝑣 𝑣
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion

Analysis 𝑛, 𝑡 𝑥, 𝑦
. 𝑎
𝑎 = = = 0.09 𝑚/𝑠 𝑎 = −0.5 𝑚/𝑠 𝑛
𝑡 𝑣
60° 30°
+→ 𝑎 = −0.09 cos 60° − 0.5 cos 30°
A
∴ 𝑎 = −0.478 𝑚/𝑠 𝑎
+↑ 𝑎 = 0.09 sin 60° − 0.5 sin 30°
∴ 𝑎 = −0.172 𝑚/𝑠
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion

Analysis 𝑥, 𝑦
𝑣 =𝑢 +𝑎 𝑡
𝑣 = 𝑢 + 2𝑎 𝑠 − 𝑠
1
𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡+ 𝑎 𝑡
2
𝑣 =𝑢
𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Analysis 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑛, 𝑡 𝑣 =𝑢 = 138.9 𝑚/𝑠
500 𝑣 =𝑢 +𝑎 𝑡
𝑢 = = 138.9 𝑚/𝑠
3.6 𝑣 = 0 + −9.81 7.2
𝑢 = 0 𝑚/𝑠 𝑣 = −70.632 𝑚/𝑠

𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡 ∴𝑣 = 𝑣 + 𝑣 = 155.83 𝑚/𝑠
1000 − 0 = 138.9𝑡 𝑣
∴ 𝑡 = 7.2 𝑠 ∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 27°
𝑣

1 𝑎 = 9.81 cos 27° = 8.74 𝑚/𝑠

𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡+ 𝑎 𝑡
2
𝑣 155.83
1 8.74 = =
𝑠 − 2000 = (0)𝑡 + −9.81 𝑡 𝜌 𝜌
2
∴ 𝜌 = 2778.13 𝑚
1
𝑠 − 2000 = 0 + −9.81 (7.2) 𝑣
2 A A
𝑎
∴ 𝑠 = 1745.72 𝑚 27°
𝑎 𝑡
𝑛 27° 𝑣 𝑣
𝑔
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Analysis 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑛, 𝑡 𝑎 = 10 cos 45° = 7.071 𝑚/𝑠
𝑢 = 28 𝑚/𝑠
𝑣 28 + 28 𝑣
𝑢 = 28 𝑚/𝑠 7.071 = =
𝜌 𝜌 𝑡
∴ 𝜌 = 221.75 𝑚 A
𝑣 = 𝑢 + 2𝑎 𝑠 − 𝑠 𝑎
𝑎 45° 𝑛
0 = 28 + 2(−10) 𝑠 − ℎ 𝑎 = 10 𝑚/𝑠
(−30) = 0 + 2(−10) 0 − 𝑠 𝑣 28 𝑔
𝑠 = 45 𝑚 10 = =
𝜌 𝜌 B 𝑡 𝑣
∴ ℎ = 5.8 𝑚 ∴ 𝜌 = 78.4 𝑚 𝑎
𝑎
−30 = 28 + (−10)𝑡
∴ 𝑡 = 5.8 𝑠 𝑣 = 𝑣 + 𝑣 = 41.04 𝑚/𝑠 𝑛 𝑔
𝑣
θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 47°
𝑠 −𝑠 =𝑢 𝑡 𝑣 C
𝑅 − 0 = 28𝑡 = 28 5.8 𝑎 = 10 cos 47° = 6.823 𝑚/𝑠 𝑎 𝑎
∴ 𝑅 = 162.4 𝑚 𝑣 41.04 47° 𝑡
6.823 = = 𝑛
𝜌 𝜌 𝑣
𝑔
∴ 𝜌 = 246.81 𝑚
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion

Analysis 𝑟, 𝜃
𝑣 = 𝑟̇
𝑣 = 𝑟𝜃̇
𝑎 = 𝑟̈ − 𝑟𝜃̇
𝑎 = 𝑟𝜃̈ + 2𝑟̇ 𝜃̇
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Analysis 𝑛, 𝑡 and 𝑟, 𝜃
𝑛
450 20° 𝑟 𝑣
𝑣 = = 125 𝑚/𝑠 𝑎
3.6 𝑡
𝜃
125 𝑎
𝑎 = = 7.8125 𝑚/𝑠 25°
2000 B

Component Equation Resolution ∴ 𝑟̇ = 117.46 𝑚/𝑠

𝑣 𝑟̇ 125 cos 20° −42.75
∴ 𝜃̇ = = −0.04275 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
1000
𝑣 𝑟𝜃̇ −125 sin 20°

Component Equation Resolution 𝑟̈ = 2.672 + 1000 −0.04275

𝑎 𝑟̈ − 𝑟𝜃̇ 7.8125 sin 20° ∴ 𝑟̈ = 4.5 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 𝑟𝜃̈ + 2𝑟̇ 𝜃̇ 7.8125 cos 20°
7.3413 − 2(117.46)(−0.04275)
𝜃̈ =
1000
∴ 𝜃̈ = 0.01738 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
𝑟
Analysis 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑟, 𝜃 𝑣
B
𝑣 = 16 𝑚/𝑠
30°
𝑎 = 𝑔 = 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 60°
𝜃 𝑔

Component Equation Resolution ∴ 𝑟̇ = −8 𝑚/𝑠

𝑣 𝑟̇ −16 sin 30° −13.856
∴ 𝜃̇ = = −1 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝑣 𝑟𝜃̇ −16 cos 30° 8 3

Component Equation Resolution 𝑟̈ = −8.4957 + 8 3 −1

𝑎 𝑟̈ − 𝑟𝜃̇ −9.81 sin 60° ∴ 𝑟̈ = 22.35 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 𝑟𝜃̈ + 2𝑟̇ 𝜃̇ 9.81 cos 60°
4.905 − 2(−8)(−1)
𝜃̈ =
8 3
∴ 𝜃̈ = −0.8 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
Dynamics: Curvilinear Motion
Analysis 𝑛, 𝑡 and 𝑥, 𝑦
4 𝑣
𝑎 = 9.81 = 7.848 𝑚/𝑠
5
𝑎
𝑣 20 A 𝑡
7.848 = =
𝜌 𝜌 𝑎
∴ 𝜌 = 50.97 𝑚
37° 𝑛
𝑔
4
𝑢 = 20 = 16 𝑚/𝑠
5
3
𝑢 = 20 = 12 𝑚/𝑠
5

𝑣 = 𝑢 + 2𝑎 𝑠 − 𝑠
0 = 12 + 2(−9.81) ℎ − 0
∴ ℎ = 7.34 𝑚
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑣 𝑎
A 30° B
𝑎
30°
𝑣
𝑎
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.2
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
Start
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣 30°
𝐴 𝑣
Magnitude 15 30
𝑣 / 60° 𝐶
Direction 30° 30°

Velocity Analysis 𝐵 −𝑣
Trigonometry Method
End
𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶
𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 60° 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
𝑣 / = 30 + 15 − 2 30 15 cos 60° sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
∴ 𝑣 = 25.98 𝑚/𝑠 60° 30 𝑏 25.98
/ = =
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 60°
∴ 𝐴 = 90o
∴ 𝐵 = 30o
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.2 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 2 5
= 1.5
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 60° 30° 30°
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = −1.5 cos 60° − 2 cos 30° − 5 cos 30°
𝑎 / = −6.81 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = −1.5 sin 60° + 2 sin 30° − 5 sin 30°
𝑎 / = −2.8 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 7.36 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 /
∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 22.35°
𝑎 /
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑣
𝑣
A 30° B 60°
𝑎

𝑎
𝑎
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.6
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣
End 𝑣 /
Magnitude 20 30 Start
𝐴
Direction 60° 30° 𝑣 𝐵 30°
30°
𝐶 −𝑣
Velocity Analysis
Trigonometry Method
𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶
𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 30° 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
𝑣 / = 30 + 20 − 2 30 20 cos 30° sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
∴ 𝑣 = 16.15 𝑚/𝑠 8.3° 30 20 16.15
/ = =
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 30°
∴ 𝐴 = 68.3o
∴ 𝐵 = 38.3o
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.6 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 0 𝑣 2
=2
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 30° 60° 30°
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = 2 cos 30° + 𝑎 cos 60° − 2 cos 30°
𝑎 / = 1.155 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = −2 sin 30° + 𝑎 sin 60° − 2 sin 30° = 0
𝑎 = 2.31 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 1.155 𝑚/𝑠 ⟶
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑎 𝑎
𝑣
45°
A 𝑣
B
𝑎
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.7
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣
−𝑣
Magnitude 2 2.5 End
Direction 45° →
𝐵 45° 𝐶

𝑣 /
𝑣
Velocity Analysis 𝐴
45°
Trigonometry Method
Start
𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶
𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 45° 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
𝑣 / = 2.5 + 2 − 2 2.5 2 cos 45° sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
∴ 𝑣 = 1.78 𝑚/𝑠 52.48° 2.5 2 1.78
/ = =
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 45°
∴ 𝐴 = 82.52o
∴ 𝐵 = 52.48o
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.7 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 0 1
=2
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 45° 45° ⟶
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = −2 cos 45° + 0 − 1
𝑎 / = −2.4142 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = 2 cos 45° + 0 − 0
𝑎 / = 1.4142 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 2.798 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 /
∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 30.36°
𝑎 /
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑎
𝑣 𝑣
A 30°
𝑎 B
𝑎
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.10
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣 −𝑣
End
Magnitude 132 𝑣 𝑣 𝐵 𝐶
Direction 30° ⟶ 𝑣 / 𝑣
𝐴
𝜃 30°
Velocity Analysis Start
Trigonometry Method
𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 30° sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
132 = 𝑣 + 𝑣 − 2 𝑣 𝑣 cos 30° 255 255 132
= =
∴ 𝑣 = 255 𝑘𝑚/ℎ sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 30°
∴ 𝐴 = 75o
∴ 𝐵 = 75o
∴ 𝜃 = 75o
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.10 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 0 0
= 25.09
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 60° 30° ⟶
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = −25.09 cos 60° + 0 − 0
𝑎 / = −12.56 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = 25.09 sin 60° + 0 − 0
𝑎 / = 21.73 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 25.09 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 /
∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 60°
𝑎 /
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑣 𝑣
C 𝑎
A
𝑎 B
𝑣
60°
𝑎 𝑣
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.11
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
Magnitude 90 27 108 sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
Direction ⟶ 108 90 27
= =
sin 𝐴 sin 42.6° sin 𝐶
Velocity Analysis ∴ 𝐴 = 125.7o
Trigonometry Method
∴ 𝐶 = 11.7o
−𝑣 Start
Bicycle C is 𝐵 𝐶
𝑣 𝐴
between A and B 𝑣 /

End 𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶

𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 𝐵
90 = 108 + 27 − 2 108 27 cos 𝐵
∴ 𝐵 = 42.6°
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.11 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 3 2
= 3.125
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 30° 60° ⟶
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = −3.125 cos 30° − 3 cos 60° − 2
𝑎 / = −6.206 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = −3.125 sin 30° + 3 sin 60° − 0
𝑎 / = 1.036 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 6.29 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 /
∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 9.48°
𝑎 /
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑎
𝑣
A 𝛽 B
𝑎
𝑎
𝑣
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.13
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
Magnitude 18 10 10 sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
Direction ↓ 𝛽 10 10 18
= =
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 128.32°
Velocity Analysis Start
∴ 𝐴 = 25.8o
Trigonometry Method ∴ 𝐶 = 25.8o
𝐵
𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶
𝐶 𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 𝐶
18 = 10 + 10 − 2 10 10 cos 𝐶
𝐴 −𝑣 ∴ 𝐶 = 128.32°
𝛽
∴ 𝛽 = 38.32°
End
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.13 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 2 0
=5
𝜌
Direction → ↑ ← ↓
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = −5 − 0
𝑎 / = −5 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = −2 − 0
𝑎 / = −2 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 5.385 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 /
∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 21.8°
𝑎 /
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑣
𝑣
B 60°
A
𝑎 𝑎
𝑎
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.15
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 𝑣 𝑣 𝑣 End 𝑣
𝑣
Magnitude 100 173.2 𝐵 𝐶
Direction 30° 60° 60° ⟶ 𝑣 /
𝑣
𝑣 𝐴
Velocity Analysis
+→ 100 cos 30° − 173.2 cos 60° = 𝑣 cos 60° − 𝑣 60°
𝑣 = 0.5𝑣 = 115.47 𝑚/𝑠 Start
+↑ 100 sin 30° + 173.2 sin 60° = 𝑣 sin 60°
𝑣 = 230.94 𝑚/𝑠 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
𝑣 𝑣 100 + 173.2
= =
sin 30° sin 90° sin 60°
∴ 𝑣 = 115.47 m/s
∴ 𝑣 = 230.94 m/s
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.15 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 0 2000
= 533.33
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 30° 60° ⟵
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = 533.33 cos 30° − 0 − (−2000)
𝑎 / = 2461.88 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = −533.33 sin 30° − 0 − 0
𝑎 / = −266.67 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 2476.28 𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 /
∴ θ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 6.18°
𝑎 /
Dynamics: Relative Motion

𝑣 𝑣
B 45° 45° A

𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.17
𝑣 / = 𝑣 − 𝑣
𝑣 / 𝑣 𝑣
Magnitude 36 2
Direction ⟶ 45° 45°

Velocity Analysis 𝑣 /
Trigonometry Method Start End
𝐵 45° 𝐴
𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶 −𝑣 𝑣
𝐶
𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 − 2𝑣 𝑣 cos 90° 45°
𝑣 / =𝑣 +𝑣 −0
(36 2) = 𝑣 + 𝑣 − 0
2𝑣 = 2592
45° + 45° + 𝐶 = 180°
∴ 𝑣 = 𝑣 = 36 𝑚/𝑠
∴ 𝐶 = 90o
Dynamics: Relative Motion
Exercise 4.17 𝑎 = (𝑎 +𝑎 )−𝑎
/
𝑎 / 𝑎 / 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Magnitude 𝑣 5 10
=5
𝜌
Direction → ↑ 45° 45° 45°
Acceleration Analysis
Rectangular Components Method
+→ 𝑎 / = 5 cos 45° + 5 cos 45° − 10 cos 45°
𝑎 / = 0 𝑚/𝑠
+↑ 𝑎 / = −5 sin 45° + 5 sin 45° − (−10) sin 45°
𝑎 / = 7.071 𝑚/𝑠

∴𝑎 / = 𝑎 / + 𝑎 / = 7.071 𝑚/𝑠 →