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Lesson 2 Connected World

The document explains how computer networks function, detailing the roles of modems, routers, and communication protocols like TCP/IP. It also provides a historical overview of the Internet's development from ARPANET in the 1960s to the present day, highlighting key milestones and technological advancements. The current number of global internet users is noted as 4.8 billion.

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rivedkirkranario
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3 views

Lesson 2 Connected World

The document explains how computer networks function, detailing the roles of modems, routers, and communication protocols like TCP/IP. It also provides a historical overview of the Internet's development from ARPANET in the 1960s to the present day, highlighting key milestones and technological advancements. The current number of global internet users is noted as 4.8 billion.

Uploaded by

rivedkirkranario
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HOW NETWORK WORKS

Computer Network - allows devices


such as computers, mobile devices,
routers, switches, and modems
connected to it to communicate and
share information.

Typical Home Network:


✓ Internet Service Provider (ISP) provides you with a modem.
✓ The modem connects your home network to the larger infrastructure that branches out to the
Internet. The modem is connected to the router.
✓ The router is responsible for directing data packets to the right device. The router
automatically assigns a unique IP address to each node, distinguishing a device from others.
Note: For networks to properly facilitate information exchange, they must follow
communications protocols. Devices connecting to the Internet, for instance, must
follow TCP/IP or Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which is a set of
protocols in itself.
✓ TCP dictates how information is broken down into packets at the source.
✓ IP dictates how to route each packet so that it reaches the proper address or destination.

INTERNET OVER THE DECADES


The 1960s
1969 - ARPANET, the Internet’s predecessor, is created.
- ARPANET – Advance Research Projects Agency
Network
- Intended for academic and research purposes
The 1970s
▪ 1971 - Creeper, the first computer virus, is created.
▪ 1973 - First cellular phone was produced.
▪ 1978 -First spam event recorded as 400 Arpanet users receive
emails inviting them to a product demonstration.
The 1980s
▪ 1981 - ARPANET exceed 2,300 users. IBM releases the personal
computer (PC)
▪ 1983 - TCP/IP adopted as a standard protocol for ARPANET.
▪ 1989 - Tim Berners-Lee starts work on the World Wide Web,
introducing three key technologies - HTTP, HTML, and the
Uniform Resource Identifier (URL).
The 1990s
▪ 1990 - Archie, the first Internet search engine, is created.
ARPANET is decommissioned.
▪ 1993 - Mosaic, the first commercially-available internet
browser, is launched.
▪ 1994 - The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is founded. It
continues to be responsible for developing open web standards.
▪ 1995 - Microsoft licenses Mosaic to build Internet Explorer.
▪ 1997 - AOL releases the first instant messenger.
▪ 1998 - The Internet reaches 1 million users worldwide. Google
is founded by Stanford University students Sergey Brin and
Larry Page.
The 2000s
▪ 2000 - iloveyou virus spreads worldwide, infecting 50 million
users in a span of just ten days.
▪ 2001 - Free online encyclopedia Wikipedia is founded.
▪ 2003 - Apple launches the Safari web browser. Social networks
Friendster, MySpace, and LinkedIn launched. Open source
publishing system project WordPress released.
▪ 2004 - Mozilla launches Firefox. Social network Facebook
launched.
▪ 2005 - Internet reaches 1 billion users worldwide, just about
seven years since reaching the one million user mark. Video
sharing platform YouTube launched.
▪ 2006 - Twitter launched as a microblogging platform.
▪ 2007 - Apple iPhone released. The smartphone combined a
phone, Internet device, and media player’s functionalities in one
and popularized its use.
▪ 2007 - Netflix introduces streaming services.
▪ 2008 - Google releases Chrome.
▪ 2009 - 4G technology introduced.
The 2010s
▪ 2010 - Image sharing platform Instagram launched. The online
role-playing game World of Warcraft reaches a peak of 12
million active subscribers.
▪ 2011 - Apple launches Siri virtual assistant in the iPhone 4s.
▪ 2012 - Facebook reaches 1 billion active users a month.
▪ 2016 - Netflix releases first original content.
▪ 2014 - Amazon released the Alexa virtual assistant.
▪ 2017 - WannaCry ransomware outbreak cripples industrial
facilities and large enterprises worldwide. Blockchain and
cryptocurrencies create a frenzy, with Bitcoin reaching a peak
price of nearly $20,000.
▪ 2018 - Facebook-Cambridge Analytica scandal disclosed to the
public. The scandal exposed how social network data was used
to influence politics and elections in different countries.
The 2020s
The total number of internet users around the world stands at 4.8
billion.
WannaCry – encrypt data in demand with ransoms
ISP – Internet Service Protocol
TCP/IP – Transmission Communication Protocol/Internet Protocol
- Communication protocols used to interconnect
network device
AOL - is an American web portal and online service provider
First instant messaging – Internet Relay (IRC)

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