IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING THE SEERAH

Importance of studying the Seerah:

 One of the requirements of the Shahadah is to love and venerate the
Prophet (PBUH) along with believing in him. We must believe in
whatever he has informed regarding the seen and unseen matters, because
he is inspired by Allah swt.
 So, we should perform all that he told us to and abstain from all that he
has forbidden us from.
 He is Wahyun, he is inspired by Allah swt.
 Also, Allah swt imposed a duty upon us,

Surah Anfal verse 20:

‫َي ٰٓـ َأ ُّي َها ٱ َّل ِذي َن َءا َم ُن ٓو۟ا َأ ِطي ُعو۟ا ٱل َّل َه َو َر ُسو َل ُهۥ َو َلا َت َو َّل ْو۟ا‬
O believers! Obey Allah and His Messenger and do
not turn away from him while you hear ˹his call˺.

 How do you obey him if you don’t know about him, what he told us.
 Love him, follow him, neither exaggerate his status above what Allah has
given him, nether do we neglect his rights, or look down upon his
Sunnah.
 No one is able to love the Prophet (PBUH) except after knowing him.
Studying the Seerah increases our knowledge about him, about what he
did in different situations.
 Seerah includes Fiqh, Studying Quran, Aqeedah, all branches can be
learnt through seerah.
 Allah swt has chosen the name Mohammad for our Prophet (PBUH)
which embodies Praise. The Prophet (PBUH)is praised by Allah, His
angels, His Prophets (a.s) and all in the heavens and earth praise him
(PBUH). Allah swt said praising him (PBUH) in,

Surah Qalam, verse 4,

٤ ‫َو ِإ َّن َك َل َع َل ٰى ُخ ُل ٍق َع ِظي ٍۢم‬

And you are truly ˹a man˺ of outstanding character.

 This encourages us to show respect to him (pbuh). Allah swt magnified

and loved him. Allah swt has sworn by the Prophet (PBUH)in the Qur’an.
 When Allah swt swears by something or someone, it is to emphasize his
high rank with Allah.
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 Surah Hijr Ch 15: verse 72, in the context of story of the people of Lut

٧٢ ‫َل َع ْم ُر َك ِإ َّن ُه ْم َل ِفى َس ْك َر ِت ِه ْم َي ْع َم ُهو َن‬

By your life ˹O Prophet˺,1 they certainly wandered
blindly, intoxicated ˹by lust˺.

 In the above ayah Allah swt swears by the Prophet (pbuh).

 No one among the humans has been praised by Allah swt like our beloved
Prophet. Allah swt has chosen him as His Khalil.

Hadith : Jundub reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings

be upon him, said, “I am innocent before Allah of taking
any of you as my best friend. Verily, Allah Almighty has
taken me as His best friend, just as he took Abraham as
His best friend. If I were to take anyone of my nation as
a best friend, it would have been Abu Bakr. Verily,
those before you would take the graves of their
prophets and righteous as places of prayer. Do not take
graves as places of prayer. I forbid you from doing so.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 532
 Allah swt chose only two people as Khalil, Prophet Ibrahim (as) and
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He was sincere in all his actions, generous,
kind, patient and a great leader and a great man that Allah swt brought
into existence for mankind.

The Love of Prophet (PBUH)

 It is one of the basic requirements of our religion.
 A person will not have faith if the Prophet (PBUH) was not beloved to
him than his own self, his parents, children, wives etc.
This is in a Hadith
Anas ibn Malik reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings
be upon him, said, “None of you have faith until I am more beloved to
him than his children, his father, and all of the people.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 15, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 44

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 In Surah Tawbah verse 24,

‫ُق ْل ِإن َكا َن َءا َب ٓا ُؤ ُك ْم َو َأ ْب َن ٓا ُؤ ُك ْم َو ِإ ْخ َٰو ُن ُك ْم َو َأ ْز َٰو ُج ُك ْم َو َع ِشي َر ُت ُك ْم َو َأ ْم َٰو ٌل ٱ ْق َت َر ْف ُت ُمو َها َو ِت َج ٰـ َر ٌۭة َت ْخ َش ْو َن َك َسا َد َها‬
‫َو َم َس ٰـ ِك ُن َت ْر َض ْو َن َه ٓا َأ َح َّب ِإ َل ْي ُكم ِّم َن ٱل َّل ِه َو َر ُسو ِل ِهۦ َو ِج َها ٍۢد ِفى َس ِبي ِل ِهۦ َف َت َر َّب ُصو۟ا َح َّت ٰى َي ْأ ِت َى ٱل َّل ُه ِب َأ ْم ِر ِهۦ ۗ َوٱل َّل ُه َلا‬
٢٤ ‫َي ْه ِدى ٱ ْل َق ْو َم ٱ ْل َف ٰـ ِس ِقي َن‬

Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If your parents and children and

siblings and spouses and extended family and the
wealth you have acquired and the trade you fear
will decline and the homes you cherish—˹if all
these˺ are more beloved to you than Allah and His
Messenger and struggling in His Way, then wait
until Allah brings about His Will. Allah does not
guide the rebellious people.”

 Allah swt considered those people, Faasiq, rebellious and disobedient,

who preferred themselves and their families and wealth more than the
Prophet (PBUH).
 We have to be very careful about this matter.

 We have 2 levels of Love for Prophet (PBUH)

1. Obligatory- That is the love which makes a person accept the
shariah/law brought by the Prophet (PBUH )from Allah swt.
So, we should accept every legislation brought by him with love. So, we
must follow the Sunnah by believing, acting on it and conveying it to
others. We must abstain from whatever he (PBUH) has forbidden. We
must fight whoever opposes it. This is the obligatory level of love.

2. Recommended: To love the way he lived, he dressed, he ate, he slept, he

behaved with people.
When we love someone, we follow their example. He is the most beloved
after Allah swt, so we must imbibe all his ways.

Aspects of love of Prophet (PBUH):

Many people claim to love but their actions are contradictory.

1. To magnify and venerate the prophet

If you love the Prophet (PBUH), you love Allah swt and if you love Allah
swt then you love the prophet (PBUH). It is joined together. Allah swt
completed His favours upon us by sending the Prophet (PBUH)to guide
us.

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 Surah Ahzab Chapter 33, verses 45 to 47:

٤٥ ‫َي ٰٓـ َأ ُّي َها ٱل َّن ِب ُّى ِإ َّن ٓا َأ ْر َس ْل َن ٰـ َك َش ٰـ ِه ًۭدا َو ُم َب ِّش ًۭرا َو َن ِذي ًۭرا‬
٤٦ ‫َو َدا ِع ًيا ِإ َلى ٱل َّل ِه ِب ِإ ْذ ِن ِهۦ َو ِس َرا ًۭجا ُّم ِني ًۭرا‬
٤٧ ‫َو َب ِّش ِر ٱ ْل ُم ْؤ ِم ِني َن ِب َأ َّن َل ُهم ِّم َن ٱل َّل ِه َف ْض ًۭلا َك ِبي ًۭرا‬

O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness, and a

deliverer of good news, and a warner, (45)
and a caller to ˹the Way of˺ Allah by His command,
and a beacon of light.(46)
Give good news to the believers that they will have
a great bounty from Allah.(47)

Allah swt described him as a lamp spreading light. Through his

instructions all people will be enlightened, and they will have from Allah
swt, a great bounty.
All praise to Allah swt for sending the Prophet (PBUH) to us.

2. To magnify his Sunnah- respect and venerate Sunnah.

To give the priority to his sayings and orders more than anyone else. What
will bring the love for the Prophet (PBUH)is to remember his love, care
and concern.

Surah Tawbah Chapter 9 verse 128:

١٢٨ ‫َل َق ْد َج ٓا َء ُك ْم َر ُسو ٌۭل ِّم ْن َأن ُف ِس ُك ْم َع ِزي ٌز َع َل ْي ِه َما َع ِن ُّت ْم َح ِري ٌص َع َل ْي ُكم ِبٱ ْل ُم ْؤ ِم ِني َن َر ُءو ٌۭف َّر ِحي ٌۭم‬

There certainly has come to you a messenger from

among yourselves. He is concerned by your
suffering, anxious for your well-being, and
gracious and merciful to the believers.

It grieves him that you should receive any injury. He is anxious that we
turn to Allah in repentance and obedience so that we enter Jannah.
He was kind and merciful and full of pity for the people. He received great
harm from the disbelievers of Makkah and from the Jews and hypocrites
of Madinah. He was accused, beaten and injured. His honour with his
family was hurt.

Hadith in Bukhari-

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 Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with
him) reported: On the day of Hunayn, the Messenger of
Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) favored
some people in the distribution of spoils. He gave Al-Aqra‘
ibn Hābis one hundred camels and gave ‘Uyaynah ibn Hisn
the same. On that day, he gave to some of the nobles of the
Arabs, favoring them over others in the distribution of
spoils. A man said: "By Allah! This is distribution in which
justice is not observed, and it is not intended for pleasing
Allah." I said to myself: "By Allah! I will inform the Messenger
of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) of
this." I went to him and informed him of what the man had
said. The color of his face changed as if it was dyed in
red, and he said: "Who will observe justice if Allah and His
Messenger do not?"

Then he said: "May Allah have mercy upon Mūsa! He

was hurt more than this but he remained
patient." Having heard this I said to myself: "Surely, I
shall never convey any speech of this kind to him any
more."
Sahih/Authentic. - [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

We should love all the companions of the Prophet (PBUH). It will bring us
closer to Allah swt and the Messenger (pbuh). It is an act of Ibaadah, as
Allah chose them for him (pbuh). We should love whoever the Prophet
(PBUH)loved and hate whoever he hated. He forbade us from abusing his
companions.
Hadith:
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with
him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and
blessings be upon him) said: "Do not insult my
Companions, for if anyone of you spend gold equal to
Mount Uhud (in Allah's cause), it will not be equal to a
Mudd or even half a Mudd spent by one of them."
Sahih/Authentic. - [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Their spending was more virtuous and rewarding because they had pure
and strong faith. How much faith we have while giving charity, affects the
reward we get for it. Nowdays, we may give much more than the
Sahabah(ra) gave but it can never be equal to what they gave.

Hadith:
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 Narrated Anas: The Prophet saw the women and
children (of the Ansar) coming forward. (The sub-
narrator said, "I think that Anas said, 'They were
returning from a wedding party.") The Prophet stood
up and said thrice, "By Allah! You are from the most
beloved people to me."
Sahih Al Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 58, Number 129

Hadith:
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: Allah's Messenger ( ‫( )ﷺ‬in his
fatal illness) came out wrapped in a sheet covering
his shoulders and his head was tied with an oily tape
of cloth till he sat on the pulpit, and after praising and
glorifying Allah, he said, "Then-after, O people! The
people will go on increasing, but the Ansar will go on
decreasing till they become just like salt in a meal. So
whoever amongst you will be the ruler and have the
power to harm or benefit others, should accept the
good of the good-doers amongst them and excuse the
wrongdoers amongst them

Sahih al-Bukhari 3800- Book 63, Hadith 25

Ibn Hajar RahimAllah said commenting on this hadith, that the people
will increase indicates that many Arabs and Non-Arabs will enter Islam
and be more than Ansar people. Although the Ansar are increasing but
they will be few compared to the other Arab tribes.

Allah swt made loving the Ansar, a sign that indicates the faith. Hating
them is a sign of hypocrisy. Only a believer loves them, and a hypocrite
hates them. Whenever you come across any event regarding the Ansar,
check yourself. Beware of hating them. Allah swt praised them in:

Surah Tawbah-Chapter 9, Verse 100

‫َّر ِض َى ٱل َّل ُه َع ْن ُه ْم َو َر ُضو۟ا َع ْن ُه َو َأ َع َّد َل ُه ْم‬ ‫َوٱل َّس ٰـ ِب ُقو َن ٱ ْل َأ َّو ُلو َن ِم َن ٱ ْل ُم َه ٰـ ِج ِري َن َوٱ ْل َأن َصا ِر َوٱ َّل ِذي َن ٱ َّت َب ُعو ُهم ِب ِإ ْح َس ٰـ ٍۢن‬
١٠٠ ‫ِدي َن ِفي َه ٓا َأ َب ًۭدا ۚ َٰذ ِل َك ٱ ْل َف ْو ُز ٱ ْل َع ِظي ُم‬ ‫َج َّن ٰـ ٍۢت َت ْج ِرى َت ْح َت َها ٱ ْل َأ ْن َه ٰـ ُر َخ ٰـ ِل‬

As for the foremost—the first of the

Emigrants1 and the Helpers2—and those who
follow them in goodness, Allah is pleased with
them and they are pleased with Him. And He has
prepared for them Gardens under which rivers

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 flow, to stay there for ever and ever. That is the
ultimate triumph.

Also, from the aspect of love for the Prophet (PBUH) is that we should
praise the family of the Prophet (PBUH) and his people in a way that suits
them, honouring the righteous ones among them. Not to exaggerate in
their praise.

Hadith
Narrated By Zaid (r.a); The Prophet (PBUH) once said:
O people, I am a human being. I am about to receive a messenger (the
angel of death) from my Lord and I, in response to Allah's call, (would
bid good-bye to you), but I am leaving among you two weighty things:
the one being the Book of Allah in which there is right guidance and
light, so hold fast to the Book of Allah and adhere to it. He exhorted (us)
(to hold fast) to the Book of Allah
and then said: The second are the members of my household I remind
you (of your duties) to the members of my family. He (Husain) said to
Zaid: Who are the members of his household? Aren't his wives the
members of his family? Thereupon he said: His wives are the members
of his family (but here) the members of his family are those for whom
acceptance of Zakat is forbidden. And he said: Who are they?
Thereupon he said: 'Ali and the offspring of 'Ali, 'Aqil and the offspring
of 'Aqil and the offspring of Ja'far and the offspring of 'Abbas. Husain
said: These are those for whom the acceptance of Zakat is forbidden.
Zaid said: Yes.

In this hadith, the love for the Prophet (PBUH) has been joined with the
love for his family. On the contrary the one whose heart is devoid of love
for the family of Prophet (PBUH), his heart is devoid of love for the
Prophet (PBUH).
But we do not exaggerate their status.

Also, Abu bakr r.a said, guard strictly the rights of the Prophet (PBUH) as
regards his family members. Show reverence to the Prophet (PBUH)by
honouring the members of his family.
It is obligatory on us to show love to his family.

3. Submitting oneself to his commandments willingly- with love and

gratefulness
We should emphasize and act upon the words of the Prophet.
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 Hadith
Abu Najīh al-‘Irbād ibn Sāriyah (may Allah be pleased with
him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and
blessings be upon him) gave us an eloquent admonition which caused
the hearts to become afraid and the eyes to shed tears. Someone then
said: "This is the admonition of someone who will soon part. So, advise
us?" He said: "I advise you to fear Allah and to hear and obey, even if
a slave were placed in charge of you. Any of you who lives after me will
see much differing. So, hold fast to my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the
rightly guided Caliphs. Bite onto it with your molar teeth. Beware of
newly invented matters (in religion), for every newly invented matter is
misguidance."
Sahih/Authentic. - [Abu Dawood]

Surah Al Imran: Chapter 3 verse 31:

٣١ ‫ُق ْل ِإن ُكن ُت ْم ُت ِح ُّبو َن ٱل َّل َه َفٱ َّت ِب ُعو ِنى ُي ْح ِب ْب ُك ُم ٱل َّل ُه َو َي ْغ ِف ْر َل ُك ْم ُذ ُنو َب ُك ْم ۗ َوٱل َّل ُه َغ ُفو ٌۭر َّر ِحي ٌۭم‬

Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If you ˹sincerely˺ love Allah, then

follow me; Allah will love you and forgive your sins.
For Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

Acting upon the sunnah is obligatory upon us. It honors the person who
adheres to the Sunnah.
We should read and study his biography. We should know his deeds, his
da’wah, his Jihad.

4. Supporting him with utterances, actions and heart and his sunnah

Surah Fath Chapter 48, Verse 8-9

٨ ‫ِإ َّن ٓا َأ ْر َس ْل َن ٰـ َك َش ٰـ ِه ًۭدا َو ُم َب ِّش ًۭرا َو َن ِذي ًۭرا‬

Indeed, ˹O Prophet,˺ We have sent you as a
witness, a deliverer of good news, and a warner,
(8)

٩ ‫ِّلُتْؤِمُنو۟ا ِبٱلَّل ِه َوَرُسوِلِهۦ َوُتَعِّزُروُه َوُتَوِّقُروُه َوُتَسِّبُحوُه ُبْكَرًۭة َوَأ ِصيًلا‬

Surely those who pledge allegiance to you ˹O
Prophet˺ are actually pledging allegiance to
Allah. Allah’s Hand is over theirs. Whoever
breaks their pledge, it will only be to their own

8
 loss. And whoever fulfils their pledge to Allah, He
will grant them a great reward.(9)

To defend the Prophet (PBUH) from those who degrade him. Although
Allah swt sufficed him and protected him, The Prophet (PBUH) used to
ask, who will defend the Prophet. It is an honor for a person, and we
should work for that. Work against those that transgress against the
Sunnah.

Surah Hajj Chapter22 verse 40:

‫ٱ َّل ِذي َن ُأ ْخ ِر ُجو۟ا ِمن ِد َي ٰـ ِر ِهم ِب َغ ْي ِر َح ٍّق ِإ َّل ٓا َأن َي ُقو ُلو۟ا َر ُّب َنا ٱل َّل ُه ۗ َو َل ْو َلا َد ْف ُع ٱل َّل ِه ٱل َّنا َس َب ْع َض ُهم ِب َب ْع ٍۢض َّل ُه ِّد َم ْت‬
٤٠ ‫َص َٰو ِم ُع َو ِب َي ٌۭع َو َص َل َٰو ٌۭت َو َم َس ٰـ ِج ُد ُي ْذ َك ُر ِفي َها ٱ ْس ُم ٱل َّل ِه َك ِثي ًۭرا ۗ َو َل َين ُص َر َّن ٱل َّل ُه َمن َين ُص ُر ُهۥٓ ۗ ِإ َّن ٱل َّل َه َل َق ِو ٌّى َع ِزي ٌز‬
˹They are˺ those who have been expelled from their
homes for no reason other than proclaiming: “Our
Lord is Allah.” Had Allah not repelled ˹the
aggression of˺ some people by means of others,
destruction would have surely claimed
monasteries, churches, synagogues, and mosques
in which Allah’s Name is often mentioned. Allah
will certainly help those who stand up for Him.
Allah is truly All-Powerful, Almighty.

Defending is by loving his sunnah, acting on the sunnah and teaching the
sunnah, not by protesting. People do not follow his Sunnah but are out on
the streets protesting to defend the Prophet (PBUH).

ASSIGNMENT (BRIEF ANSWERS- 1 PARAGRAPH SUMMARY)

1. THOSE WHO INNOVATE IN THE RELIGION, DIDN’T
FULFIL THE SHAHADAH AND ARE BELYING ALLAH SWT
AND DEFAMING THE PROPHET (PBUH)(PBUH). EXPLAIN
HOW DID THEY BELIE ALLAH AND DEFAME THE
PROPHET?

Surah Anfal verse 20:

‫َي ٰٓـ َأ ُّي َها ٱ َّل ِذي َن َءا َم ُن ٓو۟ا َأ ِطي ُعو۟ا ٱل َّل َه َو َر ُسو َل ُهۥ َو َلا َت َو َّل ْو۟ا‬
O believers! Obey Allah and His Messenger and do not turn away
from him while you hear ˹his call˺.

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  One of the requirements of the Shahadah is to love and venerate the
Prophet (PBUH) along with believing in him. We must believe in
whatever he has informed regarding the seen and unseen matters, because
he is inspired by Allah swt.

That is the love which makes a person accept the shariah/law brought by
the Prophet (PBUH )from Allah swt.
So, we should accept every legislation brought by him with love. So, we
must follow the Sunnah by believing, acting on it and conveying it to
others. We must abstain from whatever he (PBUH) has forbidden.

1. GIVE ASPECTS OF SHUNNING (OPPOSITE OF LOVING) THE

PROPHET (PBUH)(PBUH).

To not give importance to the sunnah

Not defending the Sunnah

12TH OCT 2023

The environment in Makkah in Pre-Islamic period. (Summary of the period from

Sealed Nectar)
In this environment, the people were polytheist. The Quraish were the most noble lineage and
their language was the most eloquent. They competed in the recitation of poetry.

Makkah was a very secure town because of the Kaabah. All the Arabs came there for
pilgrimage. The Arabs before Islam, because of their reverence for the Kaabah, forbidded
killing there. They didn’t even take retaliation there for any killing. The status of the Haram
being secure in mentioned in
Surah Ankaboot.
Do they not then see that We have made a sanctuary secure, and that men are being
snatched away from all around them? Then, do they believe in that which is vain, and
reject the Grace of Allah.

The other Arab tribes were suffering around the Quraish, but the Quraish were flourishing
doing business with Yemen, Shaam, the romans etc.
The Prophet (pbuh) lived in the house of Abdul Mutallib, who was the chief of Makkah and
after his death he was taken under the care of his uncle Abu Talib who became the chief of
Makkah. The prophet (pbuh) was brought up by these two chiefs of Makkah.

Makkah was also a place where the political affairs of the Arabs were managed, disputes
were settled. The Prophet (pbuh) was aware of all these political matters as he was in the
household of the chiefs.

Earlier before the birth of Prophet (pbuh), when the chief of Yemen (Abraha) wanted to take
the attention of the people from the Kaabah, he built a big and distinct church in San’aa,
Yemen and tried to attack the Kaabah.

10
He prepared a huge army with huge elephants to destroy the Kaabah but he failed. In that
year 571 the Prophet (pbuh) was born.

In the Pre Islamic period, adultery prevailed in the community. Women didn’t have rights
except for the elite women. The Arabs had too much tribal zeal. Everyone was proud and
boastful of their lineage. The Arabs were living in a dark and ignorant period. The Woman
was like a property.
(Read from the Sealed Nectar about the pre Islamic period).

All this affected the personality of the Prophet (pbuh) to be an ideal person.
1. He was born in the most noble household of the Quraish who were the most noble of
the Arabs.
2. He was of the highest nobility and status and had the purest lineage from the father’s
as well as mother’s side.
(Teacher’s opinion-Allah swt did that so that his enemies would not be able to defame
him in his nobility or lineage. He was troubled but not defamed for his lineage)
Bukhari Hadith - when the Emperor of Rome asked Abu Sufyan about Prophet
(pbuh), he asked him about the status of the prophet (pbuh).
Abu Sufyan said that he is from the most noble lineage of the Quraish. The emperor
then said Allah that will never choose from anyone from a lineage which is not noble.
This is because there will be no doubt that he is calling purely for the sake of Allah,
and not because he wants to rectify his social status.
3. He (pbuh) was brought up as an Orphan, as his father died when his mother was
Pregnant. He tasted the pain of losing his parents in his childhood. This affected his
personality by making him sensitive towards humanity and his heart was filled with
mercy towards people who were suffering. In the Qur’an Allah swt describes in
Surah Duha, that he was brought up as an orphan.
4. When he was a child, he was brought up in the desert of Bani Sa’ad. He was there for
4 years in the household of Halima Saadia. He was physically strong and eloquent in
speech and very brave because of that.
5. He was a shepherd as a youth. All Prophets who Allah swt chose were shepherds.
There is a wisdom in that. He was a shepherd for the people of Makkah for a wage.

Wisdom for the Prophets being Shepherds:

i. To train the Prophets in carrying out their mission as Prophet, which Allah
entrusted them with.
ii. To Train them to learn patience, perseverance, tolerance, and kindness.
iii. To learn to be patient in gathering the flocks of sheep. Because the dispersion
of the sheep is greater than the cows and camels. It is very difficult to gather
the flock of the sheep.
iv. To protect the flock from their enemy like the beasts and thieves.
v. To learn the nature and mentality of the animals. This helps them to be kind
towards the weaker section of the society.
vi. To learn how to endure difficulties.
vii. Allah swt nurtured the Prophets through this job to carry the message.
viii. This shows the humbleness of the Prophet towards his Lord. He never denied
his being a shepherd.

11
The Lineage of the Prophet (pbuh)
There is hadith in Muslim that he is the master of the line of Prophets.
From His names mentioned are Abul Qassim, Abu Ibrahim, Muhammad, Ahmad, Al Mahi, Al
Haashir (he who will be the first to be resurrected on thDOJ), Al Aaqib (there is no Prophet
after him), Al Muqaffi (the end of the Prophets), Nabi Ar Rahmah, Nabi At Tawbah (because
of his returning to Allah in repentance), Nabi Al Malhama, Khaatimmin Nabi

ASSIGNMENT- MENTION 5 NAMES WITH EVIDENCE FROM THE QURAN.

Narrated Abu Huraira:

Allah's Messenger ( ‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I have been sent (as an Apostle) in the best of all the
generations of Adam's offspring since their Creation."
Sahih al-Bukhari 3557

Wathilah ibn al-Asqa’ reported:

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Verily, Allah chose Kinanah from
the sons of Ishmael, he chose the Quraysh from Kinanah, he chose the tribe of Hashim
from the Quraysh, and he chose me from the tribe of Hashim.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2276

Abdul Munaf had 4 sons and from his son Hashim we have Abdul Mutallib, whose name was
Shayba. Shayba was brought up by his uncle Al Mutallib who was in Madinah. One time Al
Mutallib took Shayba to Makkah. The Makkans thought Shayba was the servant of Al
Mutallib, so they called him Abdul Mutallib.
Al Mutallib was very wealthy, honest and was in charge of giving food and water to the
pilgrims. He was the first man who started the two journeys of the Quraish to Yemen in
winter and Shaam in summer. Hashim had only one son Shaybah. (Sealed Nectar)
After the death of Al Mutallib Abdul Mutallib became in charge of these duties. There were
two incidents in his lifetime, the digging of Zamzam well and the the attack of the Kaaba.
(This incident happened at Wadi Al Muhassir in the month of Muharram and after 2 months
the Prophet (pbuh) was born)
The incident of the attack at the Kaaba and the protection of the Kaaba by Allah swt
happened because Allah swt wanted to make the people realize the sanctity of the Kaaba and
make the Arabs more accepting of the Daawah of the Prophet (pbuh) to come.
Allah swt blessed Abdul Mutallib with 10 sons-. The Prophet pbuh had 6 uncles who had
direct relation with him - Abu Talib, Hamzah, Al Abbas, Al Harith, Az Zubair and Abu Lahb.
His father was Abdullah. When Abdul Mutallib vowed to slaughter one of his sons at the
Kaabah for the idols, everytime the arrow was pointing towards Abdullah. When Abdul
Mutallib tried to slaughter him, the Quraish prevented him. They told to draw lots with 10
camels and Abdullah. He slaughtered 100 she camels in place of Abdullah. 100 she camels is
the blood money for Arabs even till date. Abdul Mutallib chose Aminah to be the wife of
Abdullah. She was from a noble family too. She was the daughter of Wahb ibn (son of) 'Abd
Manaaf .
Abdullah died in Madinah. There is no doubt that the Prophet (pbuh) was born on a Monday
(authentic hadith). Some say 8th some say 12th of Rabi Al Awwal.

Imam Muslim (rahimahullah) has recorded the following:

12
‘Abu Qatadah Al Ansari (radiyallahu ‘anhu) says that Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa
sallam) was asked regarding fasting on a Monday. He (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)
replied, ‘[Monday] was the day I was born and the day that revelation was sent to me.’
(Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 1162)

Al-Tabaraani narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
“My mother saw in a dream that there came from between her legs a lamp that illuminated
the palaces of Syria.” Classed as hasan by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Jaami’, 224.

Ahmad (16700) narrated from al-‘Irbaad ibn Saariyah (may Allaah be pleased with him)
that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said… and he
mentioned the hadeeth according to which the mother of the Messenger of Allaah (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) saw, when she gave birth to him, a light which
illuminated the palaces of Syria.

Thuwaibah the freed slave of Abdul Mutallib and Halima Saadia were the ones who suckled
him. (the story of Halima Saadia, that there was a drought and there was a lean camel and
they took him and the camel gave milk etc does not have Authentic hadeeth)

The prophet (Pbuh) was suckled by Halima Saadia for 2 years and he stayed with her for
more 2 years at the request of Halima Saadia.

There was an event of the opening of the chest of the Prophet (pbuh)
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Jibrīl came to the Messenger of
Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was playing with his
playmates. He took hold of him, laid him on the ground, split open his chest, took the
heart out and then extracted a blood clot out of it and said: "That was the devil's share in
you." Then he washed it with Zamzam water in a golden basin and then joined the
wounded parts together after he restored the heart to its place. The boys came running to
his mother, i.e. his wet nurse, and said: "Muhammad has been killed." They rushed to
him and found his color was changed. Anas said: "I used to see the scar of this stitching
on his chest."
Sahih/Authentic. - [Muslim]
Amina decided to visit the grave of her husband with the Prophet (pbuh) when he was 6ears
old, along with a servant. On the way back to Makkah, at Al Abwa she died. Abdul Mutallib
took the Prophet back to Makkah and showed him more love than he did to his sons.
When the Prophet (pbuh) was 8 yrs old, Abdul Mutallib died and his son Abu Talib took the
Prophet (pbuh) under his care. He took care of the Prophet(pbuh) till he died.

Abu Huraira reported:

The Apostle of Allah ( ‫ )ﷺ‬visited the grave of his mother and he wept, and moved others
around him to tears, and said: I sought permission from my Lord to beg forgiveness for
her but it was not granted to me, and I sought permission to visit her grave and it was
granted to me so visit the graves, for that makes you mindful of death.
Sahih Muslim 976b

13
Buraydah (a Companion) narrated that the Prophet of Allah, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa
sallam, reached a marked grave, so he sat down and the people sat with him. He,
sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, moved his head as if he was speaking, then he cried. 'Umar
ibn Al-Khattaab (a Companion; the second Caliph) said to him, "What is making you cry,
O Messenger of Allah?
He, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, said: "This is the grave of Aaminah bint Wahb, I asked
my Lord if I could visit her grave so He gave me permission, then I asked permission to
seek forgiveness for her but He did not allow me, so I became sad for her and cried."
Buraydah then said: “I never saw more people crying than at that time.”

This hadith shows the allowance of visiting the graves of the polytheists, but it also shows the
prohibition of asking for their forgiveness.

Muslim (203) narrated from Anas (may Allaah be pleased with him) that a man said: “O
Messenger of Allaah, where is my father?” He said: “In Hell.” When he turned away he
called him back and said: “My father and your father are in Hell.”

Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

This shows that whoever dies in a state of kufr will be in Hell. And being related to one
who is close to Allaah will not avail him anything. It also shows that whoever died during
the fatrah (the interval between the Prophethood of ‘Eesa (peace be upon him) and that of
Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)) and was the follower of the way
of the Arabs at that time, which was idol worship, will also be among the people of Hell.
There is no excuse for the call not reaching them, because the call of Ibraaheem and other
Prophets (peace be upon them) had reached these people.

There are many narrations that the polytheist of Makkah are in hellfire.
People who didn’t receive any Daawah are called Ahlul Fatrah, and they will be tested on the
DOJ.
(From Islam Q&A)-

Imam Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

Among the ahaadeeth on this topic, some are saheeh, as was stated by more than one of the
leading scholars, and some are hasan, and some are da’eef but are supported by the saheeh
and hasan reports. When the ahaadeeth on any particular topic support one another in such a
fashion, it provides strong evidence to prove the point. "(Tafseer Ibn Katheer 5/58).

Al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar (may Allah have mercy on him) said, discussing the different points of
view on this topic:

… They will be tested in the Hereafter by having a fire caused to appear before them.
Whoever enters it will find it cool and safe, and whoever refuses will be punished. This was
narrated by al-Bazzaar from the hadeeth of Anas and Abu Sa’eed, and it was narrated by al-
Tabaraani from the hadeeth of Mu’aadh ibn Jabal. The issue of being tested has been proven
in the case of one who is insane and the one who died during the fatrah (interval between two

14
Prophets) via saheeh isnaads. Al-Bayhaqi stated in Kitaab al-I’tiqaad that it is the correct
view.

It should also be noted that some commentators have dismissed the authenticity of
the story of Bahira’s interaction with the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. However, the majority of
ḥadith and seerah experts regard the incident as established.

When Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬was about 12 years old, he accompanied his uncle Abu Talib on a
trade journey to Syria (which was a part of the region known as ‘Sham’). In a place called
Busra a very interesting incident took place, which caused Abu Talib to return Muhammad
to Makkah
On their trade journey they met a Christian monk by the name of Bahira, who lived a simple
life in a monastery which contained ancient sacred texts that were not available anywhere
else. Bahira had very simple provisions and lived a harsh life, surviving on the bare
essentials. His diet was very simple and the clothes he wore were also coarse and well worn.
He was looking outside and caught sight of a caravan approaching. His residence was on the
main caravan route and he regularly saw caravans passing by, carrying different goods
destined to be sold in the great markets of Syria.
He noticed that this caravan was different; there was something special about it. He decided
to invite the people to a meal and find out more. Bahira sent a message to the caravan that his
hospitality was extended to all the members of the caravan. The caravan traders accepted the
invitation and arrived at the monk’s place.
When they arrived, Bahira searched their faces looking for something. He said that he had
offered his hospitality to everyone, was there anyone left behind? They said that they had left
a young boy called Muhammad to look after the camels. Bahira insisted that they send
someone to get Muhammad and bring him to the entertainment.
When Bahira saw the face of Muhammad he was delighted for he was aware from the
scriptures of the arrival of a mighty prophet and he could see the signs on the young boy. He
asked him a series of questions such as how he sleeps, what does he see when he sleeps, what
he thinks about and what he does all day. The young Muhammad answered truthfully which
convinced Bahira of who he is.
After the food, Bahira approached Abu Talib and asked him of his relationship to
Muhammad. Abu Talib initially replied saying that he was his son upon which Bahira
remarked that that could not be possible upon which Abu Talib confirmed that he was in fact
his nephew. Bahira revealed to Abu Talib that Muhammad would be a great prophet one day.
He said that when he had seen the caravan in the distance there was a cloud hanging over
them, which was shading them from the great heat of the desert. When the caravan had
stopped under a tree the cloud had also stopped above them.
Bahira said that he had seen the stones and the trees prostrating to Muhammad as he had been
walking by. They only do this for a prophet of Allah. He looked at the Muhammad’s back and
noticed the seal of the prophets, which was an oval shape protruding just below Muhammad’s
shoulder blades. He said that this was one of the signs of a great prophet to come that was
taught to them in their books.

15
 Bahira said, “This is the master of all humans, Allah will send him with a message which
would be a mercy to all humans”. Bahira advised that Muhammad should be taken back to
Makkah at once, if the Jews found out about Muhammad they would try to kill him. Abu
Talib took the advice of this wise old monk and sent Muhammad back with some of the
guides.

19 TH OCT

The Prophet Pbuh never prostrated to an idol even before Prophethood. There is an incident that the
Prophet (pbuh) was doing tawaf with Zayd Bin Haritha (r.a) before Islam and Zayd (r.a) wanted to
wipe the idols during tawaaf, but the Prophet (pbuh) forbade him.

There is a hadith that during Hajj before prophethood, The Prophet stood at Arafah during hajj while
the Quraysh stayed at Muzdalifah. He was guided by Allah swt.

There is a hadith 3826: He (pbuh) met Zayd ibn Amr (r.a) before he became a messenger at a place
called Baldah. The Prophet was presented a dish of meat offered by Pagan. He didn’t eat it and
offered to Zayd, and he too didn’t eat. He said I don’t eat meat slaughtered in the name of other than
Allah

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar:

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬met Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail in the bottom of (the valley of)
Baldah before any Divine Inspiration came to the Prophet. A meal was
presented to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬but he refused to eat from it. (Then it was
presented to Zaid) who said, "I do not eat anything which you slaughter in the
name of your stone idols. I eat none but those things on which Allah's Name
has been mentioned at the time of slaughtering." Zaid bin 'Amr used to
criticize the way Quraish used to slaughter their animals, and used to say,
"Allah has created the sheep and He has sent the water for it from the sky, and
He has grown the grass for it from the earth; yet you slaughter it in other than
the Name of Allah. He used to say so, for he rejected that practice and
considered it as something abominable.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3826

When the Prophet (pbuh) was 21 years old he attended a treaty Hilf Al Fudool, the reason for which
was that many Arab tribes decided to suppress the injustice and giving the rights of destitute. It was
complete opposite of how the Arabs were. This was unlike the Arabs at that time who used to
oppress the weak. This was made in the house Abdullah Ibn Jadan. This Hilf is mentioned in an
authentic narration Adaab Al mufrad 567.

'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn 'Awf reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "I was present with my uncles at the alliance of the
perfumed (Hilf al-Mutayyabin). I would not wish to break it, even for red
camels”
(Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 567)

Why? Because this indicates complete justice. This hadith is reffering to Hilf Al Fudool. Because the
Prophet was not born when Hilf Al Mutayyabin took place.

16
He worked as a shepherd

At the age of 25 he went as a merchant to Shaam for Khadija (r.a).

Hadith 2262
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Allah did not send any prophet but shepherded sheep." His
companions asked him, "Did you do the same?" The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬replied, "Yes, I used to
shepherd the sheep of the people of Mecca for some Qirats."

As regards his Marriage to Khadija (r.a) there are many details about how they got married. But all
these details are inauthentic and weak narrations.
But what we do know for sure is that he married her and didn’t many anyone else while she was
alive. She bore all his children except one.
Prophet Muhammad’s (pbuh) children are: Al-Qasim, `Abdullah, Ibrahim, Zaynab, Ruqayyah, Umm
Kulthum and Fatimah.

Other than Khadijah, Maria is the only wife of the Prophet (pbuh) who bore a child for him, whose
name was Ibrahim. However, Ibrahim passed away while he was only 18 months old.

Abdullah his son, was called Al Qasim. All his sons died in his lifetime and all his daughters too died in
his lifetime except Fatima (r.a) who died 6 months after him. All his daughters migrated with him.
Prophet (pbuh) loved Khadija so much that Aisha (ra.) narrated that she didn’t feel jealous of anyone
except her. Whenever he slaughtered a sheep, he would send it to the companions of Khadija (r.a).

Jibreel a.s once asked Prophet (pbuh) to give her his greetings and give her the glad tidings of Jannah.
Abu Huraira reported that Gabriel came to Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬and said:
Allah's Messenger, lo. Khadija is coming to you with a vessel of seasoned food
or drink. When she comes to you, offer her greetings from her Lord, the
Exalted and Glorious, and on my behalf and give her glad tidings of a palace of
jewels in Paradise wherein there is no noise and no toil. This hadith has been
narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters
with a slight variation of wording.
Sahih Muslim 2432

The rebuilding of the Kaabah:

This incident showed the status of prophet Muhammad (pbuh) among the Quraish even before
Prophethood. When the Prophet (pbuh) was 35 years old, the Quraish began the rebuilding of the
Kaaba because of a flood and the walls becoming weak. To safeguard the holiness of the Kaaba, the
Quraish were obliged to rebuild it. They decided to only use lawful money to rebuild the Kaaba.
They were at first too afraid of demolishing the Kaaba. Al Waleed Ibn Mugheera started the work of
demolition. When the Quraish saw that nothing happened to him, they decided to help.

After the demolition, they decided to rebuild the Kaaba, but the lawful money was in shortage. They
disputed who will have the honor of placing the stone in its position. The black stone was white when
it came from heaven but became black because of the sins of the sons of Adam (a.s).

17
 Abu Umayya aIbn Mugheera suggested and They decided whoever would enter the sanctuary, would
be the one to decide who will put the black stone it is place. By the will of Allah swt, it was
Muhammad (pbuh) who entered and they all cried in one voice, “Al Amin has entered!”
The Prophet (pbuh) asked for a piece of cloth and placed the stone in the center. He asked all the
representatives of Arab clans to lift the cloth with the stone together and when it had reached the
place, the Prophet (Pbuh) put it in its position with his own hands.

Here there are some notes we need to consider.

1. Quraish rebuilt the Kaaba, but built it square instead of rectangle, because of shortage of lawful
money (they had to reduce the size). They placed the arc or Hijr, to show the border of the Kaaba.
Whenever they would get enough money, they decided to rebuild it. It’s wrong to call that arc Hijr e
Ismail. It’s the “Hatteen” and it’s a part of the Kaaba. They made one gate for the Kaaba from the east
side and made it high, but after the conquest of Makkah the Prophet (pbuh) said he would rebuild for
it 2 doors as the original Kaaba had 2 gates, eastern side and western side.
Sahih al-Bukhari 126
Narrated Aswad:
Ibn Az-Zubair said to me, "Aisha used to tell you secretly a number of things. What did she tell
you about the Ka`ba?" I replied, "She told me that once the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, 'O `Aisha! Had not
your people been still close to the pre-Islamic period of ignorance (infidelity)! I would have
dismantled the Ka`ba and would have made two doors in it; one for entrance and the other for
exit." Later on Ibn Az-Zubair did the same.

And also in another narration he said that he would have lowered the height of the gate to the
ground and not high like they built had it.
Abdullah Ibn Zubair (r.a) wanted to fulfill the wish of Prophet (pbuh), and he demolished one side of
the Kaabah, included the hijr in it and built 2 gates. It was like that for 9 years. But later when he was
killed, during the Umayyid dynasty, the extended part was demolished and returned to how it is
now.

2. Allah swt said in

Surah Imran verse 96 and 97
Surely the first House ˹of worship˺ established for humanity is the one at Bakkah—a blessed
sanctuary and a guide for ˹all˺ people.
In it are clear signs and the standing-place of Abraham. Whoever enters it should be safe.
Pilgrimage to this House is an obligation by Allah upon whoever is able among the people. And
whoever disbelieves, then surely Allah is not in need of ˹any of His˺ creation.

Abu Dharr (ra) reported that he asked the Prophet (saw), “O Messenger of Allah, which mosque
was first built on the surface of the earth?” He said, “Al- Masjid-ul-Haram (in Mecca).” I said,
“Which was built next?” He replied “The mosque of Al-Aqsa ( in Jerusalem) .” I said, “What was the
period of construction between the two?” He said, “Forty years.” He added, “Wherever (you may
be, and) the prayer time becomes due, perform the prayer there, for the best thing is to do so (i.e.
to offer the prayers in time)”
[Sahih Bukhari 3366]

Al Aqsa Mosque was built by Yaqub (a.s). The Prophet (pbuh) said that Allah swt made Makkah a
sanctuary from the beginning and till the end of time.

18
Hadith No: 726
Narrated/Authority of Urwa
During the pre-lslamic period of Ignorance, the people used to perform Tawaf of the Kaaba naked
except the Hums; and the Hums were Quraish and their offspring. The Hums used to give clothes to
the men who would perform the Tawaf wearing them; and women (of the Hums) used to give
clothes to the women who would perform the Tawaf wearing them. Those to whom the Hums did
not give clothes would perform Tawaf round the Kaaba naked. Most of the people used to go away
(disperse) directly from Arafat but they (Hums) used to depart after staying at Al-Muzdalifa.

Urwa added, "My father narrated that Aisha had said, 'The following verses were revealed about
the Hums: Then depart from the place whence all the people depart (2.199) Urwa added, "They
(the Hums) used to stay at Al-Muzdalifa and used to depart from there (to Mina) and so they were
sent to Arafat (by Allah's order)."
Surah Baqarah verse 199: Then go forth with the rest of the pilgrims. And seek Allah’s forgiveness.
Surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

(FROM A WEBSITE)

Imam Ibn Katheer said: Hums’ means: ‘stubborn and strictly religious’.
Quraysh were so called because they exaggerated in the sanctity of Al-
Haraam (The Sanctuary) and exceeded the limits. And because of this,
they made it binding upon themselves not to go to Arafat (which was
outside of the boundaries of Al-Haraam).

They used to say: “We are the people of Al-Haraam and the inhabitants of
the House of Allah.” So they would not go to Arafah, in adherence to this
corrupt innovation of theirs, even though they knew well that it was part
of the pilgrimage which was enjoined by Ibrahim ( ‫) َع َل ْي ِه ٱل َّس َلا ُم‬.

And they used to prevent the pilgrims – those who came for Hajj or Umrah
– from eating except the food that was prepared by Quraysh, and they
used to prevent them from doing the Tawaaf around the Ka’bah except in
the clothes provided by them.

So if one of these pilgrims did not find clothes provided by Al-Hums, he

would do the Tawaaf naked, even if it happened to be a woman. So the
woman who did the Tawaaf naked used to place her hand over her private
parts and recite: “Today some or all of it will appear, and whatever may
appear I do not make is permissible.”

Ibn Ishaq said: They continued in these practices until Allah sent
Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬, and revealed to him the Qur’an, and refuted them in the
things that which they innovated, saying:

19
 ‘Then depart from the place whence all the people depart’, meaning:
depart from Arafah from where the majority of the people depart, and ask
Allah for His Forgiveness. Truly, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful. [285]

And we (Ibn Katheer) have already mentioned that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used
to stay in Arafah (on the Day of Arafah with the other pilgrims), even
before he received Revelation. This is from the guidance and protection of
Allah for him.

And Allah revealed to him the refutation against them and their innovated
practice of forbidding the people from eating and wearing clothes. Allah
says:

‘O Children of Adam! Take your adornment to every Masjid (by

wearing your clean clothes for prayers and while doing Tawaaf
around the Ka’bah), and eat and drink but waste not by
extravagance; certainly, He (Allah) likes not Al-Musrifoon (those
who waste by extravagance). Say: “Who has forbidden the
adornment of Allah which He has produced for His servants and
the good [lawful] things of provision?” [286]

Ibn Abbas (‫ )رضي الله عنه‬said:

“Women used to circumambulate the Ka’bah naked, saying: ‘Today some

or all of it will appear, and whatever appears I don’t make is permissible.’
Then the following Ayah was revealed: ‘O Children of Adam! Take your
adornment to every Masjid…’ ” [287]

Commissioning of the Prophethood:

The Prophet (pbuh) was attributed with modesty, he was virtuous and honest. He was mildest in
temper. Gentle hearted and chaste and always impressed people with his manners. His fellow citizens
gave him the title of Al Ameen by common consent.

When he was nearly 40 years old, meditation became endeared to him. He used to spend long time
in seclusion and reflect over all the aspects of the creation. He used to take a kind of Barley porridge
and water and head to the cave Hira, 2 miles from Makkah. It was there that Allah directed him to His
worship.
Aisha (r.a) narrated in a Hadith 4954 of Bukhari and No 3 in Bukhari, about the start of
revelation.
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
While Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was talking about the period of pause in
revelation. he said in his narration. "Once while I was walking, all of a sudden I
heard a voice from the sky. I looked up and saw to my surprise, the same
Angel as had visited me in the cave of Hira.' He was sitting on a chair between
the sky and the earth. I got afraid of him and came back home and said, Wrap
me! Wrap me!" So they covered him and then Allah revealed: 'O you, wrapped

20
 up! Arise and warn and your Lord magnify, and your garments purify and
dessert the idols.' (74.1-5) Abu Salama said, "(Rijz) are the idols which the
people of the Pre-lslamic period used to worship." After this the revelation
started coming frequently and regularly.
Hadith no 4954

The first revelation was in the form of righteous true dreams which were like bright daylight.
Whatever he dreamt it was coming to be true the next day.
The love of seclusion was bestowed upon him. He used to worship ALlah alone according to the
religion of Ibrahim and Ismail (a.s).

Hadith of Albani: The Prophet (pbuh) the first one to change the religion of Ibrahim (a.s) Amr Ibn
Luhayy Al Khuzai. He brought the idols from Shaam to Jeddah and from Jeddah to Makkah.

Abu Huraira reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “I
saw ‘Amra ibn ‘Amr ibn Luhayy al-Khuza’i dragging his intestines in the Hellfire. He
introduced the custom of releasing animals on behalf of false gods.”
In another narration, the Prophet said, “He was the first to change the religion of
Ishmael and set up idols.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 3521
Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Bukhari

It means the Arabs of Makkah were on the religion of Ibrahim (a.s).

Zaid Ibn Amr ibn Nufayl was one of the people of paradise who never worshipped idols even
before Islam.
The Prophet (pbuh) used to go back to get food and see his family and return to cave Hira. Until the
Angel Jibreel came to him with the first revelation. Jibreel (a.s) told him to read and the Prophet
(pbuh) said that he was illiterate. Jibreel A.s and pressed him hard (to strengthen his heart and
comfort it and make it ready to receive the divine revelation. Also, to test his patience and train him
to bear the great responsibility of Prophethood).

Then Jibreel (A.S) released him and again asked him to read. And he again said he can’t read and he
pressed him a second time and then again said to read. Then he replied I can’t and was pressed for
the third time. He told him read the first ayah Of Surah Alaq.

He rushed to his wife Khadijah and told him – cover me cover me. He told her everything that
happened and told her that- I am afraid something will happen to me. She said, Allah swt will never
disgrace you. She told him about his noble attributes, to assure him that Allah will never disgrace
him. These attributes are a reason for a person’s Salvation.
She took him to her cousin Waraqah bin Nawfil Ibnu Asad. During the period of Ignorance Waraqa
Ibn Nawfil became a Christian. He was writing the Gospel from Hebrew to Arabic. He was a very old
man who has even lost his eyesight. She told her cousin, listen to the story of your nephew.
The relationship between them is as follows:
The 3rd grandfather of Waraqa was the brother of the 4th Grandfather of the Prophet (pbuh).

21
The Prophet (pbuh) described the incident to him and Waraqa said he was the same angel sent to
Moosa (a.s) by Allah swt. He said he will support him if he is alive the day the Prophet will be turned
out by his people. After a few days Waraqa died and the revelation was also paused for a while.

Sahih al-Bukhari 4953

Narrated Aisha:
(the wife of the Prophet) The commencement (of the Divine Inspiration) to Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was in the form of true dreams in his sleep, for he never had a dream but
it turned out to be true and clear as the bright daylight. Then he began to like seclusions,
so he used to go in seclusion in the cave of Hira where he used to worship Allah
continuously for many nights before going back to his family to take the necessary
provision (of food) for the stay. He come back to (his wife) Khadija again to take his
provision (of food) likewise, till one day he received the Guidance while he was in the cave
of Hira. An Angel came to him and asked him to read. Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬replied, "I do
not know how to read." The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬added, "Then the Angel held me (forcibly) and
pressed me so hard that I felt distressed. Then he released me and again asked me to
read, and I replied, 'I do not know how to read.' Thereupon he held me again and pressed
me for the second time till I felt distressed. He then released me and asked me to read, but
again I replied. 'I do not know how to read.' Thereupon he held me for the third time and
pressed me till I got distressed, and then he released me and said, 'Read, in the Name of
your Lord Who has created (all that exists), has created man out of a clot, Read! And your
Lord is the Most Generous. Who has taught (the writing) by the pen, has taught man that
which he knew not." (96.1-5). Then Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬returned with that experience;
and the muscles between his neck and shoulders were trembling till he came upon
Khadija (his wife) and said, "Cover me!" They covered him, and when the state of fear was
over, he said to Khadija, "O Khadija! What is wrong with me? I was afraid that something
bad might happen to me." Then he told her the story. Khadija said, "Nay! But receive the
good tidings! By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you, for by Allah, you keep good
relations with your Kith and kin, speak the truth, help the poor and the destitute, entertain
your guests generously and assist those who are stricken with calamities." Khadija then
took him to Waraqa bin Naufil, the son of Khadija's paternal uncle. Waraqa had been
converted to Christianity in the Pre-lslamic Period and used to write Arabic and write of
the Gospel in Arabic as much as Allah wished him to write. He was an old man and had
lost his eyesight. Khadija said (to Waraqa), "O my cousin! Listen to what your nephew is
going to say." Waraqa said, "O my nephew! What have you seen?" The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬then
described whatever he had seen. Waraqa said, "This is the same Angel (Gabriel) who was
sent to Moses. I wish I were young." He added some other statement. Allah's Messenger (
‫ )ﷺ‬asked, "Will these people drive me out?" Waraqa said, "Yes, for nobody brought the
like of what you have brought, but was treated with hostility. If I were to remain alive till
your day (when you start preaching). then I would support you strongly." But a short
while later Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was paused (stopped) for a while so
that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was very much grieved.

Waraqa Bin Nawfil is NOT considered one of the Sahabah, but he is a Muslim, because he believed in
Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) at the start of Prophethood but he wasn’t there when the Prophet
(pbuh) was commissioned as a Messenger. The Prophet (pbuh) saw Waraqa in his dream wearing
white clothes in paradise. (Authentic)

Also, the Prophet said that Zayd Ibn Amr Ibn Nufayl is in Jannah even though he died before the
Prophethood.

The revelation stopped after the first revelation for a while (some say 3 years), in order to make him
long for the revelation and to relieve him. The prophet (pbuh) was looking for the divine inspiration

22
after being relieved. After what Waraqa had told him, he was waiting for the revelation to come. He
(pbuh) said that while I was walking in the alleys of Makkah, I saw the same angel sitting on a chair
between the sky and the earth. He rushed home and told cover me, cover me.

It was then that Chapter 74, verses 1 to 5 were then revealed to him. The revelations after this
stared coming strongly one after the other (Hadith in Bukhari).

It was narrated from Jaabir ibn ‘Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that
he heard the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
say: “Then the Revelation ceased for a while, then whilst I was walking, I heard
a voice from heaven. I raised my head, and there was the angel who had come
to me in Hira’, sitting on a throne between heaven and earth. I was stricken
with terror and I fell to the ground. Then I came to my family and said, ‘Cover
me, cover me!’ Then Allah, may He be exalted, revealed the verses: ‘O you
(Muhammad) enveloped in garments! … And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the
idols)!’ [al- during which the revelation Muddaththir 74:1-5].”
Narrated by al-Bukhaari (3238) and Muslim (161).
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
The words “then revelations came one after another” mean, after that period
had ceased. The correct view is that the first thing to be revealed was “Iqra’”
(Read – i.e., Soorat al-‘Alaq), and the first thing to be revealed after the period
during which the revelation had ceased was “O you (Muhammad) enveloped in
garments! (i.e., Soorat al-Muddaththir)”.

Shaikh Albani said the Prophet (pbuh) became a Prophet With Surah Alaq and he became a
Messenger of Allah by Surah Mudatthir.

A Prophet was not sent to convey to people, a messenger is obliged to convey to all of people. This
is why Waraqa bin nawfil is considered a Muslim, because he believed in the Prophet (pbuh) when he
became a Prophet.

What is said by the Rabbis, Jews and Monks.

Muhammad ibn Is’haq r.a said, the Rabbis, monks talked about the Messenger of Allah before his
advent because of what they found in their books about his characteristics and the characteristics
about the time of his appearance.

Allah mentioned about how they knew about this in SURAH ARAF chapter 7 verse 157
https://www.alim.org/quran/tafsir/ibn-kathir/surah/7/157/

and in SURAH IMRAN 3: verse 81

It is He Who has sent down the Book to you with truth, confirming what came before
it. And He sent down the Tawrah and the Injil,

and SURAH AL FATH 48: verse 29.

https://www.alim.org/quran/tafsir/ibn-kathir/surah/48/29/

23
Read the tafseer of these ayahs and you will know how many monks and Rabbi knew about
Prophet (pbuh).

Hadith: it was asked to Prophet Muhammad (saw), since when were you declared to be a Prophet.
He said it was when Adam a.s was between being a statue and his soul being blown into him. It was
declared openly at that time, and all should believe in him and support him. It was there in the Lawh
Al Mahfuz from the beginning. It was written in the tablets but declared at the time of Adam (a.s). All
the Prophets were ordered to follow him.
All the Prophets also told their followers to follow Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) whenever he comes.

HADITH: Book Sahih Al Lasi Al Nabawiyyah

A companion named Ibn Salaam Ibn Waqsh who fought in the battle of Badr, reported saying we had
a neighbour from the Jews From Bani Al Ashar. Salamah was a young boy that time. This Jew one day
he came out of house and stood and said about the Qiyamah, balance, paradise and hell. The people
there were people of shirk worshipping idols and said Woe to You, are we going to be resurrected
after our death to Jannah or Jahannam. The Jew said yes and he was swearing. The people asked him
what is the sign or evidence? He said a Prophet will be sent from this direction and pointed towards
Makkah or Yemen. The People asked when will we see him? The Jew said when this boy will become
a youth and he pointed to Salamah. Soon after the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was sent as a
messenger and this Jew was alive when the Prophet came, but he denied him out of envy. He was
asked didn’t you tell us about him, but he denied that he was that Prophet (pbuh) was the same
person.

89. And when there came to them (the Jews), a Book (this Qur'an) from Allah
swt confirming what is with them (the Tawrah) and the Injil (Gospel), although
aforetime they had invoked Allah (for the coming of Muhammad ) in order to
gain victory over those who disbelieved, then when there came to them that
which they had recognised, they disbelieved in it. So let the curse of Allah swt
be on the disbelievers

Allah swt said,

(And when there came to them) meaning, the Jews, (a Book from Allah swt
) meaning, the Qur’an that Allah swt sent down to Muhammad pbuh ,
(confirming what is with them) meaning, the Tawrah.

Further, Allah swt said, (although aforetime they had invoked Allah swt
(for coming of Muhammad pbuh ) in order to gain victory over those who
disbelieved) meaning, before this Messenger came to them, they used to
ask Allah swt to aid them by his arrival, against their polytheistic enemies
in war.

24
 They used to say to the polytheists, “A Prophet shall be sent just before
the end of this world and we, along with him, shall exterminate you, just
as the nations of `Ad and Iram were exterminated.” Also, Muhammad bin
Ishaq narrated that Ibn `Abbas said, “The Jews used to invoke Allah swt
(for the coming of Muhammad pbuh) in order to gain victory over the Aws
and Khazraj, before the Prophet was sent. When Allah swt sent him to the
Arabs, they rejected him and denied what they used to say about him.
Hence, Mu`adh bin Jabal and Bishr bin Al-Bara’ bin Ma`rur, from Bani
Salamah, said to them, `O Jews! Fear Allah swt and embrace Islam. You
used to invoke Allah swt for the coming of Muhammad pbuh when we
were still disbelievers and you used to tell us that he would come and
describe him to us,’ Salam bin Mushkim from Bani An-Nadir replied, `He
did not bring anything that we recognize. He is not the Prophet we told
you about.’ Allah swt then revealed this Ayah about their statement,

(And when there came to them (the Jews), a Book (this Qur’an) from Allah
confirming what is with them (the Tawrah) and the Injil (Gospel)).”’

Abu Al-`Aliyah said, “The Jews used to ask Allah swt to send Muhammad
pbuh so that they would gain victory over the Arab disbelievers. They
used to say, `O Allah swt! Send the Prophet that we read about – in the
Tawrah – so that we can torment and kill the disbelievers alongside him.’
When Allah swt sent Muhammad pbuh and they saw that he was not one
of them, they rejected him and envied the Arabs, even though they knew
that he was the Messenger of Allah swt . Hence, Allah swt said,

(Then when there came to them that which they had recognized, they
disbelieved in it. So let the curse of Allah swt be on the disbelievers). ”

Also Ibrahim (as) invoked to Allah for the people of Makkah, that Allah swt sent them a messenger

chapter 2: verse129

‫ْموًۭلا ِّم ْنُهْم َيْتُلو۟ا۟ا َعَلْي ْم َءاَيٰـِتَك َو ُيَع ِّلُمُهُم ْلِكَتٰـَب َو ْلِح ْكَم َة َو ُيَز ِّكي ْم ۚ ۚ ِإَّن ًۭل‬
ۚ‫َك۟ا‬ ‫َر َّبَنا َو ْبَع ْث ِف يِه ًۭلَر ُس‬
‫ِه‬ ‫َأ‬ ‫ِه‬
١٢٩ ‫نَت ٱْلَعِزيُز ٱْلَحِكيُم‬

25
Our Lord! Raise from among them a messenger who will recite to them Your
revelations, teach them the Book and wisdom, and purify them. Indeed, You ˹alone˺
are the Almighty, All-Wise.”

25TH OCT

The Prophet (pbuh) said that “I am the result of the invocation made to Allah from my father
Ibrahim and the good news that Isa (a.s) delivered. When my mother was pregnant, she saw a light
that radiated from her that illuminated the palaces of Shaam”.

The meaning of the above hadith is that when Ibrahim and Islmail (A.S) were building the Kaabah,
Ibrahim As invoked for the people of Makkah:
Surah Baqarah Chapter 2: verse 129

‫ِّم ْن ُه ْم َي ْت ُل و ۟ا َع َل ْي ِه ْم َء ا َي ٰـ ِت َك َو ُي َع ِّل ُم ُه ُم ٱ ْل ِك َت ٰـ َب َو ٱ ْل ِح ْك َم َة َو ُي َز ِّك ي ِه ْم ۚ ِإ َّن َك‬ ‫َر َّب َن ا َو ٱ ْب َع ْث ِف ي ِه ْم َر ُس و ًۭل ا‬

١٢٩ ‫َأنَت ٱْلَعِزيُز ٱْلَحِكيُم‬

Our Lord! Raise from among them a messenger who will recite to them Your revelations, teach
them the Book and wisdom, and purify them. Indeed, You ˹alone˺ are the Almighty, All-Wise.”

The book mentioned is the Quran and the Hikmah is the knowledge of Islam and Prophethood.
Also, Isa (a.s) told the Bani Israel, about a Prophet Ahmad who will come. In the old testament, it is
mentioned as Barcalatus in Hebrew language means the most Praised person, which is also the
meaning Of Muhammad.

It means these two Prophets Ibrahim (a.s) and Isa (a.s), all the prophets have mentioned about The
Prophet Muhammad- have given the news of Prophet (pbuh).

Hadith 5690 Tirmidhi:

Jabir Ibn Abdullah:

The first news regarding the advent of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was through a servant Jinn of a
woman fortune teller who came to her in the form of a white bird. It said to her that a Prophet had
been sent.

3866 Bukhari:
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
I never heard `Umar saying about something that he thought it would be so-and-so, but he
was quite right. Once, while `Umar was sitting, a handsome man passed by him, `Umar
said, "If I am not wrong, this person is still on his religion of the pre-lslamic period of
ignorance or he was their foreteller. Call the man to me." When the man was called to him,
he told him of his thought. The man said, "I have never seen such a day on which a
Muslim is faced with such an accusation." `Umar said, "I am determined that you should
tell me the truth." He said, "I was a foreteller in the pre-lslamic period of ignorance." Then
`Umar said, "Tell me the most astonishing thing your female Jinn has told you of." He
said, "One-day while I was in the market, she came to me scared and said, 'Haven't you
seen the Jinns and their despair and they were overthrown after their defeat (and

26
 prevented from listening to the news of the heaven) so that they (stopped going to the sky
and) kept following camel-riders (i.e. 'Arabs)?" `Umar said, "He is right." and added, "One
day while I was near their idols, there came a man with a calf and slaughtered it as a
sacrifice (for the idols). An (unseen) creature shouted at him, and I have never heard
harsher than his voice. He was crying, 'O you bold evil-doer! A matter of success! An
eloquent man is saying: None has the right to be worshipped except you (O Allah).' On
that the people fled, but I said, 'I shall not go away till I know what is behind this.' Then the
cry came again: 'O you bold evil-doer! A matter of success! An eloquent man is saying:
None has the right to be worshipped except Allah.' I then went away and a few days later it
was said, "A prophet has appeared."

2277 Muslim
Jabir b. Samura reported Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying:
I recognise the stone in Mecca which used to pay me salutations before my advent as a
Prophet and I recognise that even now.

Sunan al-Tirmidhī 3626

Ali ibn Abi Talib reported: I was with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, in
Mecca and we went out to one of its neighborhoods. He did not face any mountain or tree
but that it would say, “Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah.

1575 Albani
Imam Ahmad -Rahimullaah- brings an Isnaad that the Messenger of Allaah -sallAllaahu
alayhi wa sallam- said:
،‫ وأنزلت التوراة لِس ٍّت َم َض ين من رمضان‬.‫أنزلت ُص ُح ف إبراهيم في أول ليلة من رمضان‬
‫واإلنجيل لثالث َعَش َر َة خلت من رمضان وأنزل الله القرآن ألربع وعشرين خلت من رمضان‬
‘The Suhhuf of Ibraheem were revealed on the first night of Ramadan. The Taurat were
revealed after six nights had passed from Ramadan, and the Injeel after thirteen nights
had passed of Ramadan and the Qur’aan was revealed after twenty-four nights had
passed from Ramadan.’
Collected by Ahmad, Tabarani, Bayhaqi & Albaani declared it Hasan in Silsilah Saheehah
no. 1575

The Prophet (pbuh) became a Prophet on Monday in the month of Ramadan, he was also born on
Monday.

Sahih Muslim 1162a

Abu Qatada reported that a person came to the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬and said:
How do you fast? The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬felt annoyed. When 'Umar (Allah be pleased
with him) noticed his annoyance, he said: We are well pleased with Allah as our Lord, with
Islam as our code of life, and with Muhammad as our Prophet. We seek refuge with Allah
from the anger of Allah and that of His Messenger. 'Umar kept on repeating these words
till his (the Prophet's) anger calmed down. Then Umar said: Messenger of Allah, what is
the position of one who fasts perpetually? He (‫ )ﷺ‬said: He neither fasted nor broke it, or
he said: He did not fast and he did not break it. 'Umar said: What about him who fasts for
two days and does not fast one day? He (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Is anyone capable of doing that? He
('Umar) said: What is the position of him who fasts for a day and doesn't fast on the other
day? Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: That is the fast of David (peace be upon him).
He ('Umar) said: What about him who fasts one day and doesn't fast for two days.
Thereupon he (the Messenger of Allah) said: I wish I were given the strength to do that.
Thereafter he (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Fasting three days every month and that of Ramadan every year is

27
 a perpetual fasting. I seek from Allah that fasting on the day of 'Arafa may atone for the
sins of the preceding and the coming years, and I seek from Allah that fasting on the day
of Ashura may atone for the sins of the preceding year.

The Prevention of the Jinns and devils

The Arab Fortune tellers got the news of the advent of Prophet Muhammad from the Jinns who
used to steal news from the sky. After the Prophet (pbuh) they could not hear and were prevented
by shooting stars.

Surah Jinn ch 72: verses 8-10

Surah Shuraa 26: verses 210-212

It was not the devils who brought this ˹Quran˺ down:
it is not for them ˹to do so˺, nor can they,
for they are strictly barred from ˹even˺ overhearing ˹it˺.

No one has and excuse to say that the Quran is from the Jinn or Shayateen

Ibn Abbas said the Jinns were ascending to the sky, they would add a word to the true word.
“The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬set out with a group of his Companions towards the market of Ukāż, passing by
al-Nakhla. The devils had been prevented from eavesdropping from the Heavens, and shooting
stars were sent down upon them. They said to their people, “There is a barrier between us and
news from the Heavens.” The people replied, “That is because of a worldly occurrence.” it was
narrated they were speaking to Iblis, and Iblis advised them to; “Traverse the East and the West
of the earth so that you may know what has occurred.” Then a group of them passed Tihama and
saw the Prophet praying Fajr with his Companions at the Valley of al-Nakhla, reciting the Qur’ān.
They said: “By Allah! This is what has happened. This is what has caused a barrier between us
and news from the Heavens.” They returned to their people informing them of this, saying;
‘People! We have heard a wondrous Qur’ān that gives guidance to the right path, and we have
come to believe it. We shall never set up partners with our Lord.’
Hadith by at Tabarani

The Prophet described how the Jinn gather information about the future. He related that the Jinn
were able to travel to the lower reaches of the heavens and listen in on some of the information
about the future, which the angels pass among themselves. They would then return to the earth
and feed the information to their human contacts. Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Saheeh Muslim.

This used to happen a lot prior to the prophethood of Muhammad and fortune-tellers were very
accurate in their information. They were able to gain positions in the royal courts and enjoyed
much popularity and were even worshipped in some regions of the world.

After the Prophet Muhammad began his mission the situation changed. Allah had the angels
guard the lower reaches of the heavens carefully, and most of the Jinn were chased away with
meteors and shooting stars

Allah also said,

“And We have guarded it (the heavens) from every cursed devil, except the one who is able to
snatch a hearing and, he is pursued by a brightly burning flame.”(Quran 15:17)

Ibn Abbaas said, “When the Prophet and a group of his companions set out for the Ukaadh
market, the devils were blocked from hearing information in the heavens. Meteors were let loose
on them, so they returned to their people. When their people asked what happened, they told

28
 them. Some suggested that something must have happened, so they spread out over the earth
seeking the cause. Some of them came across the Prophet and his companions while they were
in Salaah and they heard the Quran. They said to themselves that this must have been what
blocked them from listening. When they returned to their people they told them, ‘Verily we have
heard a marvellous Quran. It guides unto righteousness so we believed in it. And we will never
make partners with our Lord.’” Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Saheeh Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and Ahmad.

Thus, the Jinn could no longer gather information about the future as easily as they could before
the Prophet’s mission. Because of that, they now mix their information with many lies.

The Prophet said: “They (the Jinn) would pass the information back down until it reaches the
lips of a magician fortune-teller. Sometimes a meteor would overtake them before they could
pass it on. If they passed it on before being struck, they would add to it a hundred lies.” (Saheeh
Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi)

Aisha (R.A) reported that when she asked Allah’s messenger about fortune-tellers, he replied
that they were nothing. She then mentioned that the fortune-tellers sometimes told them things,
which were true.

The Prophet said (pbuh): “That is a bit of truth which the Jinn steals and cackles in the ear of his
friend; but he mixes along with it a hundred lies.” (Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Saheeh Muslim)

SURAH JINN CH 72 HAS VERSES ABOUT THIS

These are evidence that the Jinns knew about the advent of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).

Aishah R.a said in a Hadith, Bukhari 4800, 7481

Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Prophet said, "When Allah decrees some order in the heaven, the angels flutter
their wings indicating complete surrender to His saying which sounds like chains being
dragged on rock. And when the state of fear disappears, they ask each other, "What has
your Lord ordered? They say that He has said that which is true and just, and He is the
Most High, the Most Great." (34.23). Then the stealthy listeners (devils) hear this order,
and these stealthy listeners are like this, one over the other." (Sufyan, a sub-narrator
demonstrated that by holding his hand upright and separating the fingers.) A stealthy
listener hears a word which he will convey to that which is below him and the second will
convey it to that which is below him till the last of them will convey it to the wizard or
foreteller. Sometimes a flame (fire) may strike the devil before he can convey it, and
sometimes he may convey it before the flame (fire) strikes him, whereupon the wizard
adds to that word a hundred lies. The people will then say, 'Didn't he (i.e. magician) tell
such-and-such a thing on such-and-such date?' So that magician is said to have told the
truth because of the Statement which has been heard from the heavens."

There are many revelations that the Jews knew about the Prophet before and after his advent
Reported by Ahmad
A Bedouin came to Madinah to sell some goods at the time of the Prophet. When he finished, he
said let me meet this man whom I heard about. He was walking between Abu Bakr and Umar.

Tafseer Ibn Katheer Surah ARAF 157

Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Sakhr Al-`Uqayli said that a bedouin man said to him, "I brought
a milk-producing camel to Al-Madinah during the life time of Allah's Messenger. After I sold it, I
said to myself, `I will meet that man (Muhammad) and hear from him.' So I passed by him while
he was walking between Abu Bakr and `Umar, and I followed them until they went by a Jewish

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man, who was reading from an open copy of the Tawrah. He was mourning a son of his who was
dying and who was one of the most handsome boys. The Messenger of Allah asked him (the
father), (I ask you by He Who has sent down the Tawrah, do you not find the description of me
and my advent in your Book) He nodded his head in the negative. His son said, `Rather, yes, by
He Who has sent down the Tawrah! We find the description of you and your advent in our Book. I
bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that you are the
Messenger of Allah. ' The Prophet said (to the Companions), (Stop the Jew (the father) from
(taking care of) your brother (in Islam).) The Prophet then personally took care of the son's
funeral and led the funeral prayer on him.'''

Hadith Bukhari 3167

Narrated Abu Huraira:
While we were in the Mosque, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬came out and said, "Let us go to the Jews"
We went out till we reached Bait-ul-Midras. He said to them, "If you embrace Islam, you
will be safe. You should know that the earth belongs to Allah and His Apostle, and I want
to expel you from this land. So, if anyone amongst you owns some property, he is
permitted to sell it, otherwise you should know that the Earth belongs to Allah and His
Apostle."

Sahih Al Bukhari 2125

Narrated Ata bin Yasar:
I met `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As and asked him, "Tell me about the description of
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬which is mentioned in Torah (i.e. Old Testament.") He replied, 'Yes.
By Allah, he is described in Torah with some of the qualities attributed to him in the
Qur'an as follows: "O Prophet ! We have sent you as a witness (for Allah's True religion)
And a giver of glad tidings (to the faithful believers), And a warner (to the unbelievers)
And guardian of the illiterates. You are My slave and My messenger (i.e. Apostle). I have
named you "Al-Mutawakkil" (who depends upon Allah). You are neither discourteous,
harsh Nor a noisemaker in the markets And you do not do evil to those Who do evil to
you, but you deal With them with forgiveness and kindness. Allah will not let him (the
Prophet) Die till he makes straight the crooked people by making them say: "None has the
right to be worshipped but Allah," With which will be opened blind eyes And deaf ears and
enveloped hearts."

The way of the descent of revelation

It was in different forms:
1. Righteous true dreams

Hadith Al Bukhari no 3
Narrated 'Aisha (the mother of the faithful believers):
The commencement of the Divine Inspiration to Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was in the form of
good dreams which came true like bright daylight, and then the love of seclusion was
bestowed upon him. He used to go in seclusion in the cave of Hira where he used to
worship (Allah alone) continuously for many days before his desire to see his family. He
used to take with him the journey food for the stay and then come back to (his wife)
Khadija to take his food likewise again till suddenly the Truth descended upon him while
he was in the cave of Hira. The angel came to him and asked him to read. The Prophet ( ‫)ﷺ‬
replied, "I do not know how to read." The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬added, "The angel caught me
(forcefully) and pressed me so hard that I could not bear it any more. He then released me
and again asked me to read and I replied, 'I do not know how to read.' Thereupon he
caught me again and pressed me a second time till I could not bear it any more. He then
released me and again asked me to read but again I replied, 'I do not know how to read (or
what shall I read)?' Thereupon he caught me for the third time and pressed me, and then
released me and said, 'Read in the name of your Lord, who has created (all that exists),

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 created man from a clot. Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous." (96.1, 96.2, 96.3)
Then Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬returned with the Inspiration and with his heart beating
severely. Then he went to Khadija bint Khuwailid and said, "Cover me! Cover me!" They
covered him till his fear was over and after that he told her everything that had happened
and said, "I fear that something may happen to me." Khadija replied, "Never! By Allah,
Allah will never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your kith and kin, help the
poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously and assist the deserving calamity-
afflicted ones." Khadija then accompanied him to her cousin Waraqa bin Naufal bin Asad
bin 'Abdul 'Uzza, who, during the pre-Islamic Period became a Christian and used to write
the writing with Hebrew letters. He would write from the Gospel in Hebrew as much as
Allah wished him to write. He was an old man and had lost his eyesight. Khadija said to
Waraqa, "Listen to the story of your nephew, O my cousin!" Waraqa asked, "O my
nephew! What have you seen?" Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬described whatever he had seen.
Waraqa said, "This is the same one who keeps the secrets (angel Gabriel) whom Allah had
sent to Moses. I wish I were young and could live up to the time when your people would
turn you out." Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬asked, "Will they drive me out?" Waraqa replied in
the affirmative and said, "Anyone (man) who came with something similar to what you
have brought was treated with hostility; and if I should remain alive till the day when you
will be turned out then I would support you strongly." But after a few days Waraqa died
and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while.

2. Jibreel (a.s) would cast in the mind and heart of Prophet Muhammad without being seen.

3. Like ringing of a bell: this form was the hardest of all.

Hadith Al Bukahri: 3215

Narrated Aisha:
Al Harith bin Hisham asked the Prophet, "How does the divine inspiration come to you?" He
replied, "In all these ways: The Angel sometimes comes to me with a voice which resembles
the sound of a ringing bell, and when this state abandons me, I remember what the Angel has
said, and this type of Divine Inspiration is the hardest on me; and sometimes the Angel
comes to me in the shape of a man and talks to me, and I understand and remember what he
says."

4. Angel in the form of a man.

Hadith Jibreel

5. Seeing Angel Jibreel in his real form (israa Miraj). In surah Najm it says he saw him twice like this

6. Inspired directly by Allah. Allah ordered salah during the night journey.

Allah commanded the Prophet to not make haste in reciting the Qu’ran
Surah Qiyamah verse 16-19
Do not rush your tongue trying to memorize ˹a revelation of˺ the Quran.
It is certainly upon Us to ˹make you˺ memorize and recite it.
So once We have recited a revelation ˹through Gabriel˺, follow its recitation ˹closely˺.
Then it is surely upon Us to make it clear ˹to you˺.

Because the Prophet in the begging was so keen to receive the revelation, so he used to be hasty.
Surah Taha: 20:114
Exalted is Allah, the True King! Do not rush to recite ˹a revelation of˺ the Quran ˹O Prophet˺
before it is ˹properly˺ conveyed to you,1 and pray, “My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.”

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Bukhari no 5
Narrated Said bin Jubair:
Ibn 'Abbas in the explanation of the statement of Allah "Move not your tongue concerning (the
Quran) to make haste therewith." (75.16) said "Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬used to bear the revelation
with great trouble and used to move his lips (quickly) with the Inspiration." Ibn 'Abbas moved his
lips saying, "I am moving my lips in front of you as Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬used to move his."
Said moved his lips saying: "I am moving my lips, as I saw Ibn 'Abbas moving his." Ibn 'Abbas
added, "So Allah revealed 'Move not your tongue concerning (the Qur'an) to make haste
therewith. It is for Us to collect it and to give you (O Muhammad) the ability to recite it (the
Quran)' (75.16-17) which means that Allah will make him (the Prophet) remember the portion of
the Qur'an which was revealed at that time by heart and recite it. The statement of Allah: 'And
when we have recited it to you (O Muhammad through Gabriel) then you follow its (Quran) recital'
(75.18) means 'listen to it and be silent.' Then it is for Us (Allah) to make it clear to you' (75.19)
means 'Then it is (for Allah) to make you recite it (and its meaning will be clear by itself through
your tongue). Afterwards, Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬used to listen to Gabriel whenever he came and
after his departure he used to recite it as Gabriel had recited it."

Surah Qiyamah: 75 verse 16

Do not rush your tongue trying to memorize ˹a revelation of˺ the Quran.

Allah guaranteed that He will make the Quran clear to the Prophet (pbuh) and then the Prophet
(pbuh) used to listen attentively to Jibreel (a.s)

Bukhari 1441
He was sweating when receiving the revelation even when it was severely cold.

Bukhari 4795, 867

Narrated Aisha:
Sauda (the wife of the Prophet) went out to answer the call of nature after it was made
obligatory (for all the Muslims ladies) to observe the veil. She had a large frame and
everybody who knew her before could recognize her. So `Umar bin Al-Khattab saw her
and said, "O Sauda! By Allah, you cannot hide yourself from us, so think of a way by
which you should not be recognized on going out. Sauda returned while Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was in my house taking his supper and a bone covered with meat was in
his hand. She entered and said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬I went out to answer the call of
nature and `Umar said to me so-and-so." Then Allah inspired him (the Prophet) and when
the state of inspiration was over and the bone was still in his hand as he had not put in
down, he said (to Sauda), "You (women) have been allowed to go out for your needs."

He never lost his senses totally while receiving revelation.

First stage of Dawah

The first revelation implied many manifest messages.
What was the verse which made him a messenger? Al Mudaththir

This Surah – Allah says arise and warn which is a command to warn his people. Get up quickly and
strive. And your Lord- Magnify. This fact should be known by all the people to humble themselves
before Allah. So, purify your garment- which implies to the purification of the interior and exterior.
The soul from kufr, shirk and sins. The garment has to be purified to be a good example for others
and stay away from al Rujz which implies Tawheed and don’t give to get more. To dedicate his

32
whole life to Allah and be patient for the sake of Allah. These verses pointed to the harm and
hostility towards him. So, he was ordered to be patient for the sake of Allah.
So, we know that now he is a messenger.

Whoever lives to guide people, will never live in peace of mind. Also, he will be concerned not with
the Dunya, he will abandon the dunya. His concern is to guide people to be Muslims.

The Daawah of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is of 2 phases.

1. Makkah Phase- around 13 years

3 stages:
a) Secret Call: for 3 years the call to Islam was in secret. What is wisdom behind this secret
call. It is that
 As a precaution and this is a kind of Tawakkul On Allah by taking the precautions
 Because of maintaining the souls because there were very few of the believers.
The Quraysh would kill them all. So it was secret in the beginning to increase the
Muslims.
 Makkah was the centre for the Arab’s religion and the protection and
guardianship was in the hands of Makkans. They were not allowing anyone to
abuse their idols or call to another religion, out of the fear of losing their status.
The Prophet (pbuh) started from his own home and Khadijah (r.a) was the first to
believe and support him (pbuh). The first among the freed slaves was Zyd ibn
Haritha (r.a). Ali ibn Abi Talib(r.a) was the forst among the children to accept
Islam.
Abu Bakr (r.a) was the first among the free-men to accept Islam.
He was one of the leaders of the Quraysh tribe and he was honored among his
people and had a status.
He was wealthy and people visited him for business. So, he was more beneficial.
Abu Bakr (r.a) invited whoever he had confidence him. 5 of the Mubasharal
Jannah accepted Islam through him. These five people among the ten who were
promised Paradise embraced Islam at the hands of Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq; they
are:
‘Uthmaan, Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydillah, Az-Zubayr, Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqaas, ‘Abdur-
Rahmaan ibn ‘Awf
The vanguards of the new faith were the best men after the Prophet (pbuh). This
was out of Allah’s grace for Abu Bakr (r.a) that they embraced Islam through him.

Prophet (pbuh) said, By Allah if a single person accepts Islam because of you, it is
better than the best she camels.

Riyad as-Salihin » The Book of Knowledge - ‫ كتاب العلم‬: Riyad as-Salihin 1379
Sahl bin Sa'd (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
The Prophet (PBUH) said to 'Ali (May Allah be pleased with him), "By Allah, if
a single person is guided by Allah through you, it will be better for you than a whole lot of
red camels."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

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 Abu Darda Narrated the hadith of dispute among Abu Bakr and Umar (r.a). This Hadith
shows the status of Abu Bakr (r.a)

3661 Sahih Al Bukhari

Narrated Abu Ad-Darda:
While I was sitting with the Prophet, Abu Bakr came, lifting up one corner of his garment
uncovering his knee. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Your companion has had a quarrel." Abu
Bakr greeted (the Prophet (‫ ) )ﷺ‬and said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬There was something
(i.e. quarrel) between me and the Son of Al-Khattab. I talked to him harshly and then
regretted that, and requested him to forgive me, but he refused. This is why I have come
to you." The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said thrice, "O Abu Bakr! May Allah forgive you." In the
meanwhile, `Umar regretted (his refusal of Abu Bakr's excuse) and went to Abu Bakr's
house and asked if Abu Bakr was there. They replied in the negative. So he came to the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and greeted him, but signs of displeasure appeared on the face of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬till Abu Bakr pitied (`Umar), so he knelt and said twice, "O Allah's Messenger
(‫ !)ﷺ‬By Allah! I was more unjust to him (than he to me)." The Prophet ( ‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Allah
sent me (as a Prophet) to you (people) but you said (to me), 'You are telling a lie,' while
Abu Bakr said, 'He has said the truth,' and consoled me with himself and his money." He
then said twice, "Won't you then give up harming my companion?" After that nobody
harmed Abu Bakr.

Sahih al-Bukhari 3660

Narrated `Ammar:
I saw Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and there was none with him but five slaves, two women and
Abu Bakr (i.e. those were the only converts to Islam then).

The two women were Khadija (r.a) and Sumayyah (r.a)

Those who accepted Secretly were Bilal and Saeed Ibn Zayd (r.a)

Bilal, Abu Ubayda Ibn Jarrah, Abu salamah, Arqam abi Arqam, Ubayda ibn harith, Fatima the
sister of Umar Ibn Al Khattab and Saeed Ibn Zayd and many others. They accepted Islam
secretly.

There is a story of Amr Ibn Abasa as Sulami how he accepted Islam. (Complete story in
Hadith of Sahih Muslim)
‘Amr ibn ‘Abasah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'In the pre-Islamic time of
ignorance, I used to think that people were misguided. They were not on a right path, as
they worshipped idols. Then I heard of a man in Makkah who was telling news. So I
mounted my camel and went to him. It was the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and
blessings be upon him). He was hiding, since his own people were aggressive toward him.
So I acted gently until I entered upon him. I said to him, "Who are you?" He said: "I am a
Prophet." I said: "What is a Prophet?" He said: "Allah has sent me.'' I said: "With what has
He sent you?" He said: "He sent me with [a message] of maintaining kinship ties, breaking
the idols, and upholding the oneness of Allah without associating anything with him." I
said: "Who is with you on that?" He said: "A free man and a slave man.'' (At that time only
Abu Bakr and Bilāl (may Allah be pleased with both of them) were with him. I said: "I shall
follow you.'' He said: "You cannot do that today. Do you not see my situation and that of
the people? However, go back to your people, and when you hear that I have succeeded in
my mission, come to me.'' So I went to my people.

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The story of the Islam Of Dimad
Muslim 868
Ibn 'Abbas reported:
Dimad came to Mecca and he belonged to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a, and he used to protect
the person who was under the influence of charm. He heard the foolish people of Mecca
say that Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬was under the spell. Upon this he said: If I were to come across
this man, Allah might cure him at my hand. He met him and said: Muhammad, I can
protect (one) who is under the influence of charm, and Allah cures one whom He so
desires at my hand. Do you desire (this)? Upon this the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
Praise is due to Allah, we praise Him, ask His help; and he whom Allah guides aright there
is none to lead him astray, and he who is led astray there is none to guide him, and I bear
testimony to the fact that there is no god but Allah, He is One, having no partner with Him,
and that Muhammad is His Servant and Messenger. Now after this he (Dimad) said:
Repeat these words of yours before me, and the messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬repeated these to
him thrice; and he said I have heard the words of soothsayers and the words of
magicians, and the words of poets, but I have never heard such words as yours, and they
reach the depth (of the ocean of eloquence) ; bring forth your hand so that I should take
oath of fealty to you on Islam. So he took an oath of allegiance to him. The Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: It (this allegiance of yours) is on behalf of your people too. He said: It is on
behalf of my people too. The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬sent an expedition and the flying
column passed by his people. The leader of the flying column said to the detachment: Did
you find anything from these people? One of the people said: I found a utensil for water.
Upon this he (the commander) said: Return it, for he is one of the people of Dimad.

Around 40 people embraced Islam privately in the house of Arqam. Short Surahs were
taught to them.
The early verse spoke about hell, heaven and DOJ.
The Prayer at that time was established as 2 units in the morning and 2 units in the evening.
This is there in verses of the Quran
Surah Ghafir 40:55
So be patient ˹O Prophet˺, ˹for˺ Allah’s promise is certainly true. Seek forgiveness for your
shortcomings.1 And glorify the praises of your Lord morning and evening.

Ibn Hisham reported that when it was time for prayers the Prophet (pbuh) and his
companions went into the mountains to pray. Initially the Quraysh took no notice but as the
number of believers increased, they began to watch his movements for fearing of spreading
of his call.

b) Stage of proclaiming the dawah: Open call to Islam. From 4th year till year 10th

c) Dawah beyond Makkah- end of 10th year till immigration.

2. Madani Phase- around 10 years

ASSIGNMENT:
MENTION THE ISLAM OF ABI DHARR AL GIFFARI
SALMAN AL FARSI

2ND NOV 2023

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b) Stage of proclaiming the dawah: Open call to Islam/Open preaching. JAHRAN. From 4th year till
year 10th
Allah revealed in CH26 verse 214 and commanded the Prophet to openly call his close tribe and
relatives to Islam.

As Shur’aa 26:214

٢١٤ ‫َوَأنِذْر َعِشيَرَتَك ٱَأْلْقَرِبيَن‬

And warn ˹all, starting with˺ your closest relatives,

When this verse was revealed the Prophet (pbuh) ascended the Mount Safa and called out loudly
to the Arab tribes by their tribe names. Many people gathered and those who couldn’t come
sent someone to attend for them and report to them. Abu Lahab was also present.

Sahih Bukhari 4971

Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬went out towards Al-Batha' and ascended the mountain and shouted, "O Sabahah!"
So the Quraish people gathered around him. He said, "Do you see? If I tell you that an enemy is
going to attack you in the morning or in the evening, will you believe me?" They replied, "Yes." He
said, "Then I am a plain warner to you of a coming severe punishment." Abu Lahab said, "Is it for this
reason that you have gathered us? May you perish ! " Then Allah revealed: 'Perish the hands of Abu
Lahab!'

Surah 111:1
Muslim 208
This hadith was narrated by A'mash on the authority of the same chain of narrators and he said:
One day the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬climbed the hill of Safa' and said: Be on your guard, and the rest
of the hadith was narrated like the hadith transmitted by Usama; he made no mention of the
revelation of the verse:" Warn thy nearest kindred."

Narrated Abu Huraira:

When Allah revealed the Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen," Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬got up and
said, "O people of Quraish (or said similar words)! Buy (i.e. save) yourselves (from the Hellfire) as I
cannot save you from Allah's Punishment; O Bani `Abd Manaf! I cannot save you from Allah's
Punishment, O Safiya, the Aunt of Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬I cannot save you from Allah's
Punishment; O Fatima bint Muhammad! Ask me anything from my wealth, but I cannot save you from
Allah's Punishment."

This shows the responsibility of the Prophets, scholars, Daaee’s and generally people in calling
others to Islam.
In this hadith the Prophet also emphasized something very important, which was tribal relations. The
Arabs before Islam were taking revenge for families, tribes based on the zeal to have relationships.
The Prophet (pbuh) said even to his daughter Fatima (R.A), I have no authority to protect you on the
DOJ.

After the Prophet (pbuh) had openly declared his Daawah, the polytheists reacted in the
following manner:

Surah Al Hijr ch15:94

٩٤ ‫َف ٱْصَدْع ِبَماُتْؤَمُرَوَأْعِرْضَعِن ٱْلُمْشِرِكيَن‬
So proclaim what you have been commanded, and turn away from the polytheists.

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Surah Hijr15:95
﴿ ‫﴾ِإَّنا َكَف ْيَناَك اْلُمْس َتْه ِز ِئيَن‬
Indeed, We are sufficient for you against the mockers

They disapproved the call of the Prophet, because they saw their position among the Arabs in danger.
Their status was in danger as there would be no idol worship. So, they contacted Abu Talib and asked
him to advise his nephew to stop his dawah. The prophet (pbuh) was the most beloved to his uncle
Abu Talib. When Abu Talib heard the complain of the Quraysh, he sent Aqeel to call for him. It was the
midday heat and when the Prophet came, Abu Talib told him the Quraysh were complaining and he
told him to stop harming them.

And this is when Abu Talib went to the Prophet PBUH and said to him, "O my nephew, my people
have come to me and said such-and-such. So be merciful to yourself and be merciful to me — do
not place me in a situation I cannot bear.". Abu Talib loved the Prophet PBUH more than he loved
his own children, and remember Abu Talib is the Prophet's PBUH real blood uncle — and the
Prophet PBUH had the same type of love for Abu Talib, like a father.

He (pbuh) said to his uncle, "Do you see the sun, O my uncle?" "Yes." "Wallahi, I have no more
power to stop preaching than you do to light your stick with this sun
When Abu Talib saw this persistence and sincerity, he said, "Do what you will, my nephew. Fa
wallahi, I will never come to you again to stop you. You have my protection."

The Quraysh made an advisory council to turn away the pilgrims from the call of Muhammad
(pbuh). It was a great chance for the Prophet (pbuh) to preach Islam to the Arabs who came from
outside Makkah.
They went to Waleed Ibn Mugheerah, he said all of you agree on one opinion about him. Some
suggested they describe him as a soothsayer, others proposed to call him Majnoon, others said
call him a poet. They rejected all the suggestions. The 4th suggestion was to accuse of practicing
magic. Waleed Bin Mugheerah said that the Prophet (pbuh) never practiced magic. They all
thought the most suitable charge would be accusing him of magic.
Allah revealed in Surah Al-Muddathir
- Allah swt mentioned about Waleed Ibn Mugheera, keeping his Prophet firm and warning him.
Surah Al-Muddathir Chapter 74: 18 to 25

18. Verily, he thought and plotted;19. So let him be cursed! How he plotted!20. And once more
let him be cursed, how he plotted! 21. Then he thought; 22. Then he frowned and he looked in
a bad tempered way; 23. Then he turned back and was proud; 24. Then he said: "This is
nothing but magic from that of old; 25. "This is nothing but the word of a human being!

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 He prophet (pbuh) told people to proclaim Laa Ilaaha Illallaah, to be successful. Waleed bin mugheera
would say to people don’t listen to him (reported by Ahmad)

The Attempt of the Quraysh to stop the Prophet (pbuh) from his call
They used to ridicule, belie, mock him and make fun of his dawah to weaken the spirit of the Muslims.

Allah mentioned that they used to laugh at the believers and wink at one another in mocking
Ch 83:verses 29
‫ ِا َّن ا َّل ِذ ۡي َن َا ۡج َر ُم ۡوا َكا ُن ۡوا ِم َن ا َّل ِذ ۡي َن ٰا َم ُن ۡوا َي ۡض َح ُك ۡو َن‬  ۖ
Behold, the wicked were wont to laugh at the believers

Chapter 15: verse 6

‫ن‬ٞ ‫َو َقا ُلوْا َي ٰٓـ َأ ُّي َها ٱ َّل ِذي ُن ِّز َل َع َلۡي ِه ٱل ِّذ ۡك ُر ِإ َّن َك َل َم ۡج ُنو‬
And they say, “O you upon whom the message has been sent down, indeed you are mad.

Surah Saad 38: verse 4

٤ ‫َو َع ِج ُب ٓو ۟ا َأن َج ٓا َء ُهم ُّمن ِذ ٌۭر ِّم ْن ُه ْم ۖ َو َقا َل ٱ ْل َك ٰـ ِف ُرو َن َه ٰـ َذا َس ٰـ ِح ٌۭر َك َّذا ٌب‬
Now, the pagans are astonished that a warner has come to them from among themselves. And
the disbelievers say, “This is a magician, a total liar!

They said Assaateerul Awwaleen. They began to raise doubt about the Qur’an.
Furqan 25:4
‫ًۭةًۭلَو َأِص ي‬
٥ ‫ًۭةًۭلا‬ ‫َأْل‬ ‫َأ‬
‫َو َق اُلٓو ۟ا۟اٱٱ َس ٰـِطيُر َّو ِليَن ْكَتَتَبَه ا َف ِه َى ُتْم َلٰى َعَلْيِهُبْكَر‬
The disbelievers say, “This ˹Quran˺ is nothing but a fabrication which he1 made up with the help
of others.” Their claim is totally unjustified and untrue!

Furqan 25:5
‫ُظًۭما‬
‫َجٓاُء ۟اۖ ًۭم ْل‬ ‫َأ‬
‫و‬
‫ًۭم‬ ‫َفَقْد‬ ۖ ۖ‫َقْوٌم َءاَخُروَن‬ ‫َعَلْيِه‬ ‫َوَعاَنُه‬ ‫ْفَتَرٰىُه‬ ‫ِإْفٌك‬ ‫ِإٓاَّل‬ ‫َهٰـَذٓا‬ ‫َكَفُرٓو۟ا۟ا ِإْن‬ ‫َّلِذيَن‬ ‫َوَقاَل‬
٤ ‫ُزًۭر ا‬
‫ًۭرو‬
‫و‬ ‫َو‬‫َو ُز‬
And they say, “˹These revelations are only˺ ancient fables which he has had written down, and
they are rehearsed to him morning and evening.”1

Nadr Ibn Harith learnt some stories. And was told to follow the Prophet (pbuh) and talk
against him.
One of those transgressors who pushed the Words of Allah out of their lives and embraced error
was An-Nadr bin Al-Harith. An-Nadr had gone to Al-Hirah Kingdom where he learned the tales of
the kings of Persia, and people like Rustum and Asphandiar, as a way to counteract the words of the
Prophet (pbuh) and attract people away from the Qur’an with lies and myths.

Narrated in some of the narrations that the Quraysh asked the Prophet to worship their lords for a
year and they would worship his Lord for a year and then Surah Kaafiroon was revealed. This hadith
is WEAK.

Persecuting the Prophet (pbuh):

The Prophet (pbuh) continued in his Daawah day and night. He went to their assemblies, spoke
during hajj and called everyone he met, rich or poor, strong or weak. He left no one to whom he
didn’t call. The Polytheist began to use another attempt, to use persecution with him and his
companions.
When the polytheists found that the previous procedures of ridiculing, raising doubt about the
message did not affect the Daawah, they began killing and torturing. When they couldn’t stop them

38
 from following Islam, they decided to put the new converts through different forms of torture using
all the available resources.

Abu Lahb forced his two sons to divorce the two daughters of the Prophet (pbuh). His wife, Um
Jamil, had very high status and a noble lineage. Her name is Arwa Bint Harb Bint Umayyah who was
also the sister of Abu Sufyan, was no less than her husband. She was called hammalat al-hatab,
which literally mean: "carrier of the wood".
Abu Lahab's wife, Arwa bint Harb, nicknamed Umm Jameel was aunt of Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, &
she used to throw thorny bushes in the path of the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬The Qur’an chastised both Abu
Lahab and his wife in Surah Masad

IBN KATHEER (TAFSEER)

A Story of Abu Lahab's Wife harming the Messenger of Allah
Ibn Abi Hatim said that his father and Abu Zur`ah both said that `Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr Al-
Humaydi told them that Sufyan informed them that Al-Walid bin Kathir related from Ibn Tadrus who
reported that Asma' bint Abi Bakr said, "When the verse
﴿‫﴾ َت َّب ْت َي َد آ َأ ِبى َل َه ٍب‬
(Perish the two hands of Abu Lahab and perish he)!) was revealed, the one-eyed Umm Jamil bint
Harb came out wailing, and she had a stone in her hand. She was saying, `He criticizes our father,
and his religion is our scorn, and his command is to disobey us.' The Messenger of Allah was sitting
in the Masjid (of the Ka`bah) and Abu Bakr was with him. When Abu Bakr saw her he said, `O
Messenger of Allah! She is coming and I fear that she will see you.' The Messenger of Allah replied,
‫» ِإ َّن َه ا َل ْن َت َر« ا ِن ي‬
(Verily, she will not see me.) Then he recited some of the Qur'an as a protection for himself. This is
as Allah says,
﴿‫﴾ َو ِإ َذا َق َر ْأ َت ا ْل ُقر َءا َن َج َع ْل َنا َب ْي َن َك َو َب ْي َن ا َّل ِذي َن ل َا ُي ْؤ ِم ُنو َن ِبال ٌّا ِخ َر ِة ِح َجا ًبا َّم ْس ُتو ًرا‬
(And when you recite the Qur'an, We put between you and those who believe not in the Hereafter,
an invisible veil.) (17:45) So she advanced until she was standing in front of Abu Bakr and she did
not see the Messenger of Allah

She then said, `O Abu Bakr! Verily, I have been informed that your friend is making defamatory
poetry about me.' Abu Bakr replied, `Nay! By the Lord of this House (the Ka`bah) he is not defaming
you.' So she turned away saying, `Indeed the Quraysh know that I am the daughter of their leader.'''
Al-Walid or another person said in a different version of this Hadith, "So Umm Jamil stumbled over
her waist gown while she was making circuits (Tawaf) around the House (the Ka`bah) and she said,
`Cursed be the reviler.' Then Umm Hakim bint `Abdul-Muttalib said, `I am a chaste woman so I will
not speak abusively and I am refined so I do not know. Both of us are children of the same uncle.
And after all the Quraysh know best.''

Hadith bukhari 3678

Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair:
I asked `Abdullah bin `Amr, "What was the worst thing the pagans did to Allah's Messenger ( ‫ "?)ﷺ‬He
said, "I saw `Uqba bin Abi Mu'ait coming to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬while he was praying.' `Uqba put his sheet
round the Prophet's neck and squeezed it very severely. Abu Bakr came and pulled `Uqba away from
the Prophet and said, "Do you intend to kill a man just because he says: 'My Lord is Allah, and he has
brought forth to you the Evident Signs from your Lord?"
.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3185
Narrated `Abdullah:

39
While the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was in the state of prostration, surrounded by a group of people from Quraish
pagans. `Uqba bin Abi Mu'ait came and brought the intestines of a camel and threw them on the back of
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did not raise his head from prostration till Fatima (i.e. his daughter)
came and removed those intestines from his back, and invoked evil on whoever had done (the evil
deed). The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "O Allah! Destroy the chiefs of Quraish, O Allah! Destroy Abu Jahl bin
Hisham, `Utba bin Rabi`a, Shaiba bin Rabi`a, `Uqba bin Abi Mu'ait, Umaiya bin Khalaf (or Ubai bin
Kalaf)." Later on I saw all of them killed during the battle of Badr and their bodies were thrown into a well
except the body of Umaiya or Ubai, because he was a fat person, and when he was pulled, the parts of
his body got separated before he was thrown into the well.

Sahih al-Bukhari 2934

Narrated `Abdullah:
Once the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was offering the prayer in the shade of the Ka`ba. Abu Jahl and some Quraishi
men sent somebody to bring the Abdominal contents of a shecamel which had been slaughtered
somewhere in Mecca, and when he brought them, they put them over the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Then Fatima (i.e.
the Prophet's daughter) came and threw them away from him, and he said, "O Allah! Destroy (the
pagans of) Quraish; O Allah! Destroy Quraish; O Allah Destroy Quraish," naming especially Abu Jahl bin
Hisham, `Utba bin Rabi`a, Shaiba bin Rabi`a, Al Walid bin `Utba, Ubai bin Khalaf and `Uqba bin Abi Mitt.
(The narrator, `Abdullah added, "I saw them all killed and thrown in the Badr well).

Sahih al-Bukhari 4821

Narrated `Abdullah:
It (i.e., the imagined smoke) was because, when the Quraish refused to obey the Prophet, he asked
Allah to afflict them with years of famine similar to those of (Prophet) Joseph. So they were stricken with
famine and fatigue, so much so that they ate even bones. A man would look towards the sky and
imagine seeing something like smoke between him and the sky because of extreme fatigue.
So Allah revealed:-- 'Then watch you for the Day that the sky will bring forth a kind of smoke plainly
visible, covering the people; this is a painfull of torment.' (44.10-11) Then someone (Abu Sufyan) came
to Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬Invoke Allah to send rain for the tribes of
Mudar for they are on the verge of destruction." On that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said (astonishingly) "Shall I
invoke Allah) for the tribes of Mudar? Verily, you are a brave man!" But the Prophet prayed for rain and it
rained for them. Then the Verse was revealed. 'But truly you will return (to disbelief).' (44.15) (When the
famine was over and) they restored prosperity and welfare, they reverted to their ways (of heathenism)
whereupon Allah revealed: 'On the Day when We shall seize you with a Mighty Grasp. We will indeed
(then) exact retribution.' (44.16) The narrator said, "That was the day of the Battle of Badr."

The invocation of the Prophet (pbuh) was because of them belying him, and not accepting the faith,
and not because they harmed him.

When the Prophet used to recite the Quran aloud, the Quraysh used to abuse him. So, Allah
commanded him to recite in a middle tone.
Sahih Bukhari 7525 also Quran (17.110)
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
regarding the explanation of the Verse:-- '(O Muhammad!) Neither say your prayer aloud, nor say it in a
low tone.' (17.110) This Verse was revealed while Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was hiding himself at Mecca.
At that time, when he led his companions in prayer, he used to raise his voice while reciting the Qur'an;
and if the pagans heard him, they would abuse the Qur'an, its Revealer, and the one who brought it. So
Allah said to His Prophet: "Neither say your prayer aloud. i.e., your recitation (of Qur'an) lest the pagans
should hear (it) and abuse the Qur'an" nor say it in a low tone, "lest your voice should fail to reach your
companions, "but follow a way between." (17.110)

Sahih Muslim 2797

Abu Huraira reported that Abu Jahl asked (people) whether Muhammad placed his face (on the
ground) in their presence. It was said to him:

40
Yes. He said: By Lat and `Uzza. If I were to see him do that, I would trample his neck, or I would smear
his face with dust. He came to Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as he was engaged in prayer and thought of
trampling his neck (and the people say) that he came near him but turned upon his heels and tried to
repulse something with his hands. It was said to him: What is the matter with you? He said: There is
between me and him a ditch of fire and terror and wings. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace he
upon him) said: If he were to come near me the angels would have torn him to pieces. Then Allah, the
Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse- (the narrator) said: We do not know whether it is the hadith
transmitted by Abu Huraira or something conveyed to him from another source: "Nay, man is surely
inordinate, because he looks upon himself as self-sufficient. Surely to thy Lord is the return. Hast thou
seen him who forbids a servant when he prays? Seest thou if he is on the right way, or enjoins
observance of piety? Seest thou if he [Abu Jahl] denies and turns away? Knowest he not that Allah
sees? Nay, if he desists not, We will seize him by the forelock-a lying, sinful forelock. Then let him
summon his council. We will summon the guards of the Hell. Nay! Obey not thou him" (lcvi, 6-19).
(Rather prostrate thyself.) Ubaidullah made this addition: It was after this that (prostration) was enjoined
upon and Ibn Abd al-Ala made this addition that by "Nadiyah" he meant his people.

Sahih Bukhari 4958

Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
Abu Jahl said, "If I see Muhammad praying at the Ka`ba, I will tread on his neck." When the Prophet ( ‫)ﷺ‬
heard of that, he said, "If he does so, the Angels will snatch him away.";
Some people of Makkah beat up the Prophet (pbuh) and Jibreel a.s came to him
Sunan Ibn Majah 4028 (Book 36, Hadith 103) #33383

Signs of Divine Power

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was comforted by Jibril (AS) when he was in a sorrowful
state due to being struck by the people of Makkah. Jibril (AS) then showed him a sign of his power by
calling a tree from the far side of the valley and it came walking until it stood before him.

It was narrated that Anas said:

“One day, Jibril (as) came to the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬when he was sitting in a sorrowful state with his
face soaked with blood, because some of the people of Makkah had struck him. He said: ‘What is the
matter with you?’ He said: ‘These people did such and such to me.’ He said: ‘Would you like me to show
you a sign?’ He said: ‘Yes, show me.’ He looked at a tree on the far side of the valley and said: ‘Call that
tree.’ So he called it, and it came walking until it stood before him. He said: ‘Tell it to go back.’ So he told
it, and it went back to its place. Then the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: ‘That is sufficient for me.’”

The Quraysh didn’t call him Muhammad but called him Mudhammam, because of the grace of his
name.
Sahih Al Bukhari 3533
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Doesn't it astonish you how Allah protects me from the Quraish's abusing
and cursing? They abuse Mudhammam and curse Mudhammam while I am Muhammad (and not
Mudhammam).

The Persecution of the Sahabah.

Whenever Abu Jahl heard about the conversion of a powerful man, of high birth, he would only reproach
and threaten him. But if he was socially weak, they would torture him and beat him.

The uncle of Uthman (r.a) used to wrap him in palm and put him over the fire (this is weak narration)

Bilal (r.a) was severly beaten by his master Umayya Ibn Khalaf.

The Prophet (pbuh) was protected by his uncle, Abu Bakr r.a was protected by his people.
The Quraysh made the others wear armour made of metal and put under the hot sun.
Bilal (r.a) was chained and tortured by his master. Burning sand and heavy stones were put on him but
he persisted inhis belief. Once Abu Bakr (r.a) was passing by and purchased him with 500 Dinars.

41
 Abu Bakr (r.a) used to free the Muslim Slaves. His father said wouldn’t you free a man who can support
you. Surah Layl -Saddaqa bil Husna.

TAFSEER IBN KATHEER- The Cause of this Revelation and the Virtue of Abu Bakr
Many of the scholars of Tafsir have mentioned that these Ayat were revealed about Abu Bakr As-Siddiq.
Some of them even mentioned that there is a consensus among the Qur'anic commentators concerning
this. There is no doubt that he is included in the meaning of these Ayat, and that he is the most
deserving of the Ummah to be described with these characteristics in general, for indeed, the wording of
these Ayat is general. As in Allah's saying,
‫ َو َم ا﴿ ل ًّا َح ٍد ِع‬- ‫ ا َّل ِذ ى ُي ْؤ ِت ى َم ا َل ُه َي َت َز َّك ى‬- ‫﴾ َو َس ُي َج َّن ُب َه ا ا ل ْتٌّا َق ى‬
(And those with Taqwa will be far removed from it. He who gives of his wealth for self-
purification. And who has (in mind) no favor from anyone to be paid back.)
However, he (Abu Bakr) was the first and foremost of this Ummah to have all of these characteristics
and other praiseworthy characteristics as well. For verily, he was truthful, pious, generous, charitable,
and he always spent his wealth in obedience of His Master (Allah) and in aiding the Messenger of Allah .
How many Dirhams and Dinars did he spend seeking the Face of His Most Noble Lord. And did not
consider any of the people as owning him some favor that he needed to get compensation for. Rather,
his virtue and kindness was even shown towards leaders and chiefs from all the other tribes as well.

Ammar Ibn Yassir accepted Islam in the early stage with his parents. His Mother Sumayyah (R.A) was
the first woman Martyr in Islam. The Prophet Used to comfort him and say that they would certainly find
their abode in Jannah.
In a weak moment Ammar uttered a word of disbelief and came to the Prophet (pbuH) who consoled him
and comforted him and Allah revealed
Surah Nahl verse 106
‫َم ۡن َك َف َر ِبال ّٰل ِه ِم ۢۡن َب ۡع ِد ِا ۡي َما ِن ٖۤه ِا َّلا َم ۡن ُا ۡك ِر َه َو َق ۡل ُب ٗه ُم ۡط َمـ ِئ ٌّۢن ِباۡل ِاۡي َما ِن َو ٰلـ ِك ۡن َّم ۡن َش َر َح ِباۡل ُك ۡف ِر َص ۡد ًرا َف َع َلۡي ِه ۡم َغ َض ٌب ِّم َن ال ّٰل ِهۚ َو َل ُه ۡم َع َذا ٌب َع ِظۡي ٌم‬
(16:106) Except for those who were forced to engage in infidelity to Allah after believing the
while their hearts remained firmly convinced of their belief, the ones whose hearts willingly
embraced disbelief shall incur Allah's wrath and a mighty chastisement lies in store for them.109

HADITH
Narrated Khabbab bin Al-Arat:
We complained to Allah's Messenger (‫( )ﷺ‬of the persecution inflicted on us by the infidels) while he was
sitting in the shade of the Ka`ba, leaning over his Burd (i.e. covering sheet). We said to him, "Would you
seek help for us? Would you pray to Allah for us?" He said, "Among the nations before you a (believing)
man would be put in a ditch that was dug for him, and a saw would be put over his head and he would
be cut into two pieces; yet that (torture) would not make him give up his religion. His body would be
combed with iron combs that would remove his flesh from the bones and nerves, yet that would not
make him abandon his religion. By Allah, this religion (i.e. Islam) will prevail till a traveler from Sana (in
Yemen) to Hadrarmaut will fear none but Allah, or a wolf as regards his sheep, but you (people) are
hasty.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3612

Assigment- 2 examples from the persecution of the Sahabah

c) Dawah beyond Makkah- end of 10th year till immigration.

10th NOV

42
d) Dawah beyond Makkah- end of 10th year till immigration. When Allah (SWT)
ordered the Prophet (PBUH) to call for Islam publicly and openly, the Quraysh felt
their status threatened among the Arabs and tried their best to stop his Daawah.
They persecuted him and his companions.
The Prophet (PBUH) advised his companions to conceal their conversion. They
decided to meet at the house of Arqam in secret during the 5th year. The Prophet
(PBUH) used to openly preach.
Shaikh Albani mentioned some hadith which are authentic. Hadith Narrated by
Abdur Rahman Ibn Jubayr Ibn Nufayr : His father said that One day we sat with Al
Miqdad Ibn Al Aswad (r.a) , a man passed by him and said- Tuba (glad tidings)for
these two eyes that have seen the Prophet (PBUH) . We wish that we have seen him
as you did and we wish that we witness what you have witnessed. Al Miqdad
became very angry. The narrator of this hadith said that the man didn’t say but
good. However, Al Miqdad said that what makes a man wish for something that
Allah (SWT) has not decreed for him. Not knowing that what would happen if he
witnesses what he is wishing, how he would he react or what would be his state.
There were many people at the time of the Prophet (PBUH) (pbuh) but Allah
(SWT) entered them into hell fire. They will be in hell on their noses because they
belied him and didn’t respond to his call. Wouldn’t you thank Allah (SWT) that he
brought you at a time, not knowing except your Lord and what your Prophet
(PBUH) has brought.
And he is right because nobody should wish what Allah (SWT) did not decree for
him. This hadith is recorded by Ahmad and Hibbaan and authenticated by Albani
(RahimAllah (SWT)).

Shaikh Al Albani verified a hadith is unauthentic: He replied: “O my uncle, by

Allah (SWT), if they put the sun in my right hand and the moon in my left on
condition that I abandon this cause, before Allah (SWT) has made it
victorious, or I perish therein, I would not abandon it.” DAEEF HADITH.

The disbelievers asked the Prophet (PBUH) to bring him a sign out of obstinancy.
An example for that is what Allah (SWT) said in

Surah An’am Ch6:109-11

They swear by Allah (SWT) their most solemn oaths that if a sign were to come to
them, they would certainly believe in it. Say, ˹O Prophet (PBUH),˺ “Signs are
only with Allah (SWT).” What will make you ˹believers˺ realize that even if a sign
were to come to them, they still would not believe? 109

We turn their hearts and eyes away ˹from the truth˺ as they refused to believe at
first, leaving them to wander blindly in their defiance. 110

43
And even if We had sent down to them the angels [with the message] and the
dead spoke to them [of it] and We gathered together every [created] thing in front
of them, they would not believe unless Allāh should will. But most of them, [of
that], are ignorant. 111

Allah (SWT) did not fulfil their request, or they would have been destroyed.

Surah Yunus verse 96-9

even if every sign were to come to them—until they see the painful punishment.

Indeed, those against whom your Lord’s decree ˹of torment˺ is justified will not
believe—

They are just suggesting signs to make the Prophet (PBUH) Fail. Because Allah
(SWT) knows their reality, he didn’t fulfil their request.

Surah Ch17: 90-93

They challenge ˹the Prophet (PBUH)˺, “We will never believe in you until you
cause a spring to gush forth from the earth for us, 90

or until you have a garden of palm trees and vineyards, and cause rivers to flow
abundantly in it, 91

or cause the sky to fall upon us in pieces, as you have claimed, or bring Allah
(SWT) and the angels before us, face to face, 92

or until you have a house of gold, or you ascend into heaven—and even then we
will not believe in your ascension until you bring down to us a book that we can
read.” Say, “Glory be to my Lord! Am I not only a human messenger?” 93

There is a hadith by Ahmad. Ibn Abbas R.A narrated that the Quraysh told the
Prophet (PBUH), invoke your lord for us to make the Mount Safa , gold
In another narration, to remove the mount Safa for us to plan there.

HADITH

Ibn Abbas reported: The Quraysh said to the Prophet (PBUH), peace and blessings
be upon him, “Call upon your Lord to turn mount Safa into gold for us and we will
have faith in you.” The Prophet (PBUH) said, “And you will do so?” They said
yes. The Prophet (PBUH) supplicated to Allah (SWT) and Gabriel came to him and
he said, “Verily, your Lord Almighty greets you with peace. He says that if you

44
wish, I will turn the mount of Safa into gold for them, but whoever among them
disbelieves after that will be punished with a great punishment like no one else in
the worlds. And if you wish, the door of repentance and mercy will be opened for
them.” The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Rather, the door of repentance and mercy.”
Source: Musnad Aḥmad 2166
The Prophet (PBUH) cared for his people even if they were disbelievers.
HADITH

Anas narrated that the Messenger of Allah (SWT) (s.a.w) said:

"Indeed I have feared for the sake of Allah (SWT), such that no one has feared,
and I have been harmed for the sake of Allah (SWT), such that no one has been
harmed. Thirty days and nights have passed over me, and there was no food with
Bilal and I forced something with a liver to eat, except what Bilal could conceal
under his armpit."

This Hadith refers to when the Prophet (PBUH) SAW went out fleeing from
Makkah and Bilal was with him. The only food Bilãl had was what he could carry
under his arm.
Al Tirmidhi 2472
Ibn Mahaj 151.

Does this hadith mean that the Prophet (PBUH) was complaining? No he was
mentioning the favor of Allah (SWT).
Another attempt of Quraysh was that they sent delegates to the jews of Madinah,
to get difficult questions to ask the Prophet (PBUH).
They told to:
Ask him about people of the cave
About the holy spirit
About Dhul Qarnayn.

Allah (SWT) SWT sent Surah Kahf to answer their questions.

Tafseer Ibn Katheer
HADITH

Reason why this Surah was revealed

Muhammad bin Ishaq mentioned the reason why this Surah was revealed. He
said that an old man from among the people of Egypt who came to them some
forty-odd years ago told him, from `Ikrimah that Ibn `Abbas said: "The Quraysh
sent An-Nadr bin Al-Harith and `Uqbah bin Abi Mu`it to the Jewish rabbis in
Al-Madinah, and told them: `Ask them (the rabbis) about Muhammad, and
describe him to them, and tell them what he is saying. They are the people of

45
the first Book, and they have more knowledge of the Prophet (PBUH)s than we
do.' So they set out and when they reached Al-Madinah, they asked the Jewish
rabbis about the Messenger of Allah (SWT) . They described him to them and
told them some of what he had said. They said, `You are the people of the
Tawrah and we have come to you so that you can tell us about this companion
of ours.' They (the rabbis) said, `Ask him about three things which we will tell
you to ask, and if he answers them then he is a Prophet (PBUH) who has been
sent (by Allah (SWT)); if he does not, then he is saying things that are not true,
in which case how you will deal with him will be up to you. Ask him about
some young men in ancient times, what was their story For theirs is a strange
and wondrous tale. Ask him about a man who travelled a great deal and reached
the east and the west of the earth. What was his story And ask him about the
Ruh (soul or spirit) -- what is it If he tells you about these things, then he is a
Prophet (PBUH), so follow him, but if he does not tell you, then he is a man
who is making things up, so deal with him as you see fit.' So An-Nadr and
`Uqbah left and came back to the Quraysh, and said: `O people of Quraysh, we
have come to you with a decisive solution which will put an end to the problem
between you and Muhammad. The Jewish rabbis told us to ask him about some
matters,' and they told the Quraysh what they were. Then they came to the
Messenger of Allah (SWT) and said, `O Muhammad, tell us,' and they asked
him about the things they had been told to ask. The Messenger of Allah (SWT)
said, (I will tell you tomorrow about what you have asked me.) but he did not
say `If Allah (SWT) wills.' So they went away, and the Messenger of Allah
(SWT) stayed for fifteen days without any revelation from Allah (SWT)
concerning that, and Jibril, peace be upon him, did not come to him either. The
people of Makkah started to doubt him, and said, `Muhammad promised to tell
us the next day, and now fifteen days have gone by and he has not told us
anything in response to the questions we asked.' The Messenger of Allah (SWT)
felt sad because of the delay in revelation, and was grieved by what the people
of Makkah were saying about him. Then Jibril came to him from Allah (SWT)
with the Surah about the companions of Al-Kahf, which also contained a rebuke
for feeling sad about the idolators. The Surah also told him about the things they
had asked him about, the young men and the traveler. The question about the
Ruh was answered in the Ayah;

﴾‫﴿ َو َي ْس َـ ُلو َن َك َع ِن ال ُّرو ِح ُق ِل ال ُّرو ُح‬

(And they ask you concerning the Ruh (the spirit); say: "The Ruh...'') 17:85

46
THE FIRST MIGRATION OF THE COMPANIONS TO HABASHA/ETHOPIA:
The persecution of the Muslims was increasing and here Allah (SWT) SWT
revealed Surah Kahf. It contains the story of the companions of the cave. It has the
story of the companions of the cave who left the city to protect their religion from
persecution- fitnah in their religion. It means a person will be exposed to certain
torture or temptations whioch will leave them apostate (leave the religion).
Surah Kahf16. (The young men said to one another:) "And when you
withdraw from them, and that which they worship, except Allah (SWT), then
seek refuge in the cave; your Lord will open a way for you from His mercy
and will make easy for you your affair.''

Also, in Surah Kahf there is the story of Dhulqarnayn, the powerful ruler of the
east and the west. This story shows us that the righteous rulers will inherit the
earth.
Also Surah Zumar Ch 39 was then revealed pointing directly to the migration and
stating that the earth is spacious enough and the believers should not feel
themselves constrained.
Surah Zumar: 39 Verse 10

Say ˹O Prophet (PBUH), that Allah (SWT) says˺, “O My servants who believe!
Be mindful of your Lord. Those who do good in this world will have a good
reward. And Allah (SWT)’s earth is spacious. Only those who endure patiently
will be given their reward without limit.”

This verse was like a direct guidance for the believers to leave Makkah for another
land. The Prophet (PBUH) had already known that the king of Abyssinia was a
just ruler. In the 5th yr of Prophet (PBUH)hood, 12 men and 4 women Migrated.
Uthman and the Prophet (PBUH)s daughter Ruqayya (RA) were amongst the first
migrants. These were the first migrants after Ibrahim AS.
However AlAlbani called this hadith weak

In Ramadan of the same year, the Prophet (PBUH) (Peace be upon him) went into
the Holy Sanctuary where there was a large host of Quraish polytheists, including
some notables and celebrities.
Suddenly he began reciting Surat An-Najm (Chapter 41).
The awe-inspiring Words of Allah (SWT) descended unawares upon the
polytheists, and they immediately got stunned by them. It was the first time for
them to be shocked by the truthful Revelation. It had formerly been their habit to
talk loudly and insolently when it was being recited, so that even the true listeners
may not be able to hear:

47
 {And those who disbelieve say, “Do not listen to this Qur’an and speak noisily
during [the recitation of] it that perhaps you will overcome.”} (Fussilat 41:26)

When the unspeakably fascinating Words of Allah (SWT) came into direct contact
with their hearts, they were entranced and got oblivious of the materialistic world
around them; they were caught in a state of full attentiveness to the Divine Words
to such an extent that when the Prophet (PBUH) (Peace be upon him) reached the
stormy, heart-beating ending,
{So fall you down in prostration to Allah (SWT) and worship Him (Alone).} (An-
Najm 53:62),
the idolaters, unconsciously and with full compliance, prostrated themselves in
absolute god-fearing and stainless devotion.

HADITH

Narrated Ibn `Abbas:The Prophet (PBUH) (‫ )ﷺ‬I prostrated while reciting

An-Najm and with him prostrated the Muslims, the pagans, the jinns, and
all human beings.

Sahih Al Bukhari 1071

It was in fact the wonderful moment of the Truth that cleaved through the obdurate
souls of the haughty and the attitude of the scoffers. They stood aghast when they
perceived that Allah (SWT)’s Words had conquered their hearts and done the same
thing that they had been trying hard to annihilate and exterminate.

HADITH

Narrated `Abdullah bin Mas`ud:

The Prophet (PBUH) (‫ )ﷺ‬recited Surat-an-Najm (53) and prostrated while

reciting it and all the people prostrated and a man amongst the people took
a handful of stones or earth and raised it to his face and said, "This is
sufficient for me. Later on I saw him killed as a non-believer."

Sahih Al Bukhari 1070

News of this incident was misreported to the Muslim emigrants in Abyssinia

(Ethiopia). They were informed that the whole of Quraish had embraced Islam so
they decided to make their way back home.

48
They arrived in Makkah. When they were only an hour’s travel from Makkah, the
reality of the situation was discovered. Some of them returned to Abyssinia
(Ethiopia) and others sneaked secretly into the city.

Migration this time was not as easy. Imam Ahmad reported that
However, due to the news that transpired to the Makkans about the good
hospitality and warm welcome that the Muslims were accorded in Abyssinia
(Ethiopia), the polytheists got terribly indignant and started to mete out severer
and more horrible maltreatment and tortures to the Muslims.
Migration this time was not as easy as it was the previous time, for Quraish was on
the alert to the least suspicious moves of the Muslims.
The second migration took place in 615 CE. The group of emigrants this time
comprised around 80 men led by Jafar Ibn Abi Talib (R.A).

There were eighty men who immigrated this time, as mentioned in the hadith of
Ibn Masoud (may Allah (SWT) be pleased with him), in which he said, «The
Prophet (PBUH) (peace be upon him) sent us to An-Najashi. We were eighty at the
time, including Abdullah ibn Masoud, Jafar, Abdullah ibn Urfutah, Uthman ibn
Mazun and Abu Mosa. And they all reached An-Najashi» [related by Ahmed].

Ibn Masoud continued the hadith, saying, «Quraysh sent Amr ibn Al-As and
Umarah ibn Al-Waleed with a gift. When they entered upon An-Najashi, they
kneeled to him, and then one sat on his right and the other on his left. Next, they
said to him, ‘A group of our relatives have arrived at your land, fleeing from us
and our religion.’ An-Najashi said, ‘Where are they?’ One of them replied,
‘They are in your land, so call for them.’ Therefore, An-Najashi called for them.
At that time, Jafar said [to the Muslims], ‘I am the one who will talk for you
today.’ Consequently, they sent him to An-Najashi. Jafar (may Allah (SWT) be
pleased with him) greeted An-Najashi but did not kneel to him. The people
asked him, ‘Why did you not kneel to the king?’ Jafar answered, ‘We do not
kneel to anyone but Allah (SWT).’ An-Najashi said, ‘What is your affair?’ Jafar
said, ‘Allah (SWT) sent a Prophet (PBUH) to us from among us. He ordered us
to not kneel to anyone but Allah (SWT) (Glorified is He), and to perform the
prayer and pay zakat (obligatory alms).» Ibn Hesham reported that Jafar
said, «Oh King, we were a people who worshipped others with Allah (SWT)
and who worshipped idols. We would eat the flesh of dead animals we found,
were bad with our neighbours, would unjustly kill others and perform other
abominations, and did not care to know what is permitted and what is
prohibited. Then Allah (SWT) (Glorified is He) sent a Prophet (PBUH) to us
from among us whose loyalty, truthfulness and trustworthiness we knew. He
called us to worship only Allah (SWT), taking no partners with him, keep good
relations with our relatives, be good with our neighbours, pray, fast and not
worship other than Him, our Lord (Glorified is He).’ When An-Najashi asked
49
Jafar to read something from what Muhammed had brought, he read the
beginning of Surah Mariam. As a result, An-Najashi and his bishops started to
cry. He then said, ‘These words have come from the same source as the words
that were sent to Moses. Therefore, go wherever you want. I hope you will
attain all your wishes.’ And he swore he would never give them (the Muslims)
to Quraysh. However, Amr ibn Al-As tried to win An-Najashi over the next
day. Amr ibn Al-As said, ‘They have different beliefs to you about Jesus, the
son of Mary.’ An-Najashi asked the Companions, ‘What do you say about
Jesus, the son of Mary, and his mother?’ They replied, ‘We say what Allah
(SWT) told us about him; he is a word and spirit from Allah (SWT) which was
placed on the chaste virgin Mary who had never been touched or overcome by
any man.’ The narrator said that An-Najashi then lifted his stick from the floor
and said, ‘O people of Abyssinia, priests and monks, by Allah (SWT), they truly
do not say more than what we say about him. Welcome and welcome to who
you came from. I bear witness that he is the Messenger of Allah (SWT). This is
what we have in the Bible. He is the Messenger who Jesus, the son of Mary,
prophesized. Move anywhere you want (in the land). By Allah (SWT), if I did
not hold the position of king, I would have gone to him (the Prophet (PBUH)) to
be able to carry his sandals and pour water for him to do ablution.’ Then he
ordered for the gift to be brought and he gave it back to the peple of
Quraysh» [related by Ahmed].

After this the King ordered that the gifts of the iodl worshippers be returned to
them. Abdullah Ibn Masood later returned

After that, the Muslims were safe and their religion was protected in Abyssinia
under the protection of An-Najashi, the just king.

The Prophet (PBUH) (peace be upon him) announced An-Najashi’s death the
day he died and the Muslims prayed the funeral prayer over him in
absentia [related by Al-Bukhari and Muslim

HADITH
Narrated Jabir:
When Negus died, the Prophet (PBUH) (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Today a pious man has died.
So get up and offer the funeral prayer for your brother Ashama."
Sahih al-Bukhari 3877

(Offering funeral prayer in absentia can be done, only if it not offered in the
country where the person died. Also it is to be offered for anyone who
benefitted the Muslims, with his knowledge, business etc.)

50
ONECE MORE QURAISH APPROACHES ABU TALIB: Quraish, seeing that
the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) was still intent on his Call, realized
that Abu Talib would never forsake his nephew even if this incurred their
enmity. Some of them then went to see him once more taking with them a youth
called 'Amarah bin Al-Waleed bin Al-Mugheerah, and said, "O Abu Talib! we
have brought you a smart boy still in the bloom of his youth, to make use of his
mind and strength and take him as your son in exchange for your nephew, who
has run counter to your religion, brought about social discord, found fault with
your way of life, so that we kill him and rid you of his endless troubles; just
man for man." Abu Talib's reply was, "It is really an unfair bargain. You give
me your son to bring him up and I give you my son to kill him! By Allâh, it is
something incredible!!" Al-Mut'im bin 'Adi, a member of the delegation,
interrupted saying that Quraish had been fair in that bargain because "they
meant only to rid you of that source of hateful trouble, but as I see you are
determined to refuse their favours." Abu Talib, of course, turned down all their
offers and challenged them to do whatever they pleased. Historical resources do
not give the exact date of these two meetings with Abu Talib. They, however,
seem more likely to have taken place in the sixth year of Prophet (PBUH)hood
with a brief lapse of time in between.
THE TYRANTS' DECISION TO KILL THE PROPHET (PBUH): Now that all
the schemes and conspiracof Quraish had failed, they resorted to their old
practices of persecution and inflicting tortures on the Muslims in a more serious
and brutal manner than ever before. They also began to nurse the idea of killing
the Prophet (PBUH). In fact, contrary to their expectations, this new method
and this very idea served indirectly to consolidate the Call to Islam and support
it with the conversion of two staunch and mighty heroes of Makkah, i.e.
Hamzah bin 'Abdul-Muttalib and 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah (SWT) be
pleased with him).
'Utaibah bin Abi Lahab once approached the Prophet (PBUH) and most
defiantly and brazenly shouted at him, "I disbelieve in: "By the star when it goes
down." [53:1] and in "Then he (Gabriel) approached and came closer." [53:8] In
other words: "I do not believe in any of the Qur'ân." He then started to deal
highhandedly with Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and laid violent hand on
him, tore his shirt and spat into his face but his saliva missed the Holy face of
the Prophet (PBUH) (Peace be upon him). Thereupon, the Prophet (PBUH)
(Peace be upon him) invoked Allâh's wrath on 'Utaibah and supplicated:

"O Allâh! Set one of Your dogs on him."

Allâh responded positively to Muhammad's supplication, and it happened in the

following manner: Once 'Utaibah with some of his compatriots from Quraish set
out for Syria and took accommodation in Az - Zarqa'. There a lion approached
the group to the great fear of 'Utbah, who at once recalled Muhammad's words
51
 in supplication, and said: "Woe to my brother! This lion will surely devour me
just as Muhammad (Peace be upon him) supplicated. He has really killed me in
Syria while he is in Makkah." The lion did really rush like lightning, snatched
'Utaybah from amongst his people and crushed his head.

THE CONVERSION OF HAMZAH BIN 'ABDUL-MUTTALIB:

It is recorded that the Prophet (PBUH) was one day seated on the hillock of Safa
when Abu Jahl happened to pass by and accused the religion preached by him.
Muhammad (Peace be upon him), however, kept silent and did not utter a single
word. Abu Jahl went on unchecked, took a stone and cracked the Prophet
(PBUH)'s head which began to bleed. The aggressor then went to join the
Quraishites in their assembly place. It so happened that shortly after that, Hamzah,
while returning from a hunting expedition, passed by the same way, his bow
hanging by his shoulder. A slave-girl belonging to 'Abdullah bin Jada'an, who had
noted the impertinence of Abu Jahl, told him the whole story of the attack on the
Prophet (PBUH). On hearing that, Hamzah was deeply offended and hurried to Al-
Ka'bah and there, in the courtyard of the Holy Sanctuary, found Abu Jahl sitting
with a company of Quraishites. Hamzah rushed upon him and struck his bow upon
his head violently and said: "Ah! You have been abusing Muhammad (Peace be
upon him); I too follow his religion and profess what he preaches."
The men of Bani Makhzum came to his help, and men of Bani Hashim wanted to
render help, but Abu Jahl sent them away saying: "Let Abu 'Ummarah alone, by
Allâh I did revile his nephew shamelessly."
In fact, Hamzah's conversion derived initially from the pride of a man who would
not accept the notion of others humiliating his relative. Later on, however, Allâh
purified his nature and he managed to grasp the most trustworthy hand-hold (Faith
in Allâh). He proved to be a source of great strength to the Islamic Faith and its
followers.

THE CONVERSION OF 'UMAR BIN AL-KHATTAB: Another significant

addition to the strength of Islam was the conversion of 'Umar bin Al-Khattab in
Dhul-Hijjah, the sixth year of Prophethood, three days following the conversion
of Hamzah. ] He was a man of dauntless courage and resolution, feared and
respected in Makkah, and hitherto a bitter opponent of the new religion.

The traditional account reveals that the Prophet (PBUH) once raised his hands
in prayer and said:

"O Allâh! Give strength to Islam especially through either of two men you love
more: 'Umar bin Al-Khattab or Abu Jahl bin Hisham."

HADITH
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
52
that the Messenger of Allah (SWT) (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "O Allah (SWT)! Honor Islam
through the most dear of these two men to you: Through Abu Jahl or through
'Umar bin Al-Khattab." He said: "And the most dear of them to Him was
'Umar."

'Umar, obviously, was the one who merited that privilege.

One day, 'Umar bin Al-Khattab set out from his house, and headed for the Holy
Sanctuary where he saw the Prophet (PBUH) (Peace be upon him) offering
prayer and overheard him reciting the Sûrah Al-Hâqqah (Chapter 69 — The
Reality) of the Noble Qur'ân.
The Words of Allâh appealed to him and touched the innermost cells of his
heart. He felt that they derived from unusual composition, and he began to
question his people's allegations as regards the man-composed poetry or words
of a soothsayer that they used to attach to the Noble Qur'ân.
The Prophet (PBUH)) went on to recite:

"That this is verily the word of an honoured Messenger (i.e. Gabriel or

Muhammad (Peace be upon him) which he has brought from Allâh). It is
not the word of a poet, little is that you believe!

He thought these are the words of a poet as the Quraysh said.

Then the Prophet (PBUH) recited:

Nor is it the word of a soothsayer (or a foreteller), little is that you

remember! This is the Revelation sent down from the Lord of the
'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists)." [69:40-43]

At that very moment, Islam entered his heart.

(This version of the conversion of Umar RA is more correct than the story of his
conversion through his sister Fatima which is in many seerah books)

When Umar RA accepted Islam, he went to a man who never hide or conceal a
secret. His name was Jameel Ibn Maa’mar Jumahi and he told him that he
followed the religion Of Muhammad (PBUH). The man went to the Quraysh
and said that Umar apostated. Umar RA behind said, By Allah (SWT) he tells
lies, I accepted Islam. So, the polytheists went on fighting him till sunrise. Umar
RA fell down out of tiredness and said, “Do whatever you wish”.
An old man of Quraysh passed by them and asked them what happened. They
said, Umar Apostated. The man said, “A man has chosen for himself his
religion, what do you want from him? Do you think that Banu Adiyy, (the tribe
53
of Umar) will leave you to do what you want with him? If they know what you
did to him, you know what they will do to you? This man was Al-'As bin Wa'il
As-Sulamy.

HADITH
Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah (SWT) be pleased with him) related that they (the
Muslims) had never been able to observe their religious rites inside the Holy
Sanctuary except when 'Umar embraced Islam.
Suhaib bin Sinan (May Allah (SWT) be pleased with him), in the same context,
said that it was only after 'Umar's conversion, that we started to proclaim our
Call, assemble around and circumambulate the Sacred House freely. We even
dared retaliate against some of the injustices done to harm us. In the same
context, Ibn Mas'ud said: We have been strengthened a lot since 'Umar
embraced Islam.

HADITH
Narrated `Abdullah bin Mus'ud:
We gained honor since `Umar embraced Islam.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3863

The epithet of Al Faruq was given to Umar RA. Farooq means the one who
distinguishes truth from falsehood.

With respect to the Muslims in Makkah, 'Umar's conversion had a different

tremendous impact. Mujahid, on the authority of Ibn Al-'Abbas (May Allah
(SWT) be pleased with him) related that he had asked 'Umar bin Al-Khattab
why he had been given the epithet of Al-Farouque (he who distinguishes truth
from falsehood), he replied: After I had embraced Islam, I asked the Prophet
(PBUH): 'Aren't we on the right path here andHereafter?'
The Prophet (PBUH) answered: 'Of course you are! I swear by Allâh in Whose
Hand my soul is, that you are right in this world and in the hereafter.
' I, therefore, asked the Prophet (PBUH) 'Why we then had to conduct
clandestine activism. I swear by Allâh Who has sent you with the Truth, that we
will leave our concealment and proclaim our noble cause publicly.' We then
went out in two groups, Hamzah leading one and I the other. We headed for the
Mosque in broad daylight when the polytheists of Quraish saw us, their faces
went pale and got incredibly depressed and resentful. On that very occasion, the
Prophet (PBUH) attached to me the epithet of Al-Farouque.

QURAISH'S REPRESENTATIVE NEGOTIATES WITH THE MESSENGER

OF ALLAH (SWT):
Shortly after the conversion of these two powerful heroes, Hamzah bin 'Abdul-
Muttalib and 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah (SWT) be pleased with him),
54
the polytheists realized that it was no use meting out torture to the Muslims.
They consequently began to direct their campaign to a different course.
The authentic records of the biography of the Prophet (PBUH) show that it had
occurred to the Makkan leaders to credit Muhammad (Peace be upon him) with
ambition. They, therefore, time and again plied him with temptation.

One day some of the important men of Makkah gathered in the enclosure of Al-
Ka'bah, and 'Utbah bin Rabi'a, a chief among them, offered to approach the
Prophet (PBUH) and contract a bargain with him whereby they give him
whatever worldly wealth he asks for, on condition that he keep silent and no
longer proclaim his new faith. The people of Quraish endorsed his proposal and
requested him to undertake that task. 'Utbah came closer to Muhammad (Peace
be upon him) and addressed him in the following words:
We have seen no other man of Arabia, who has brought so great a calamity to a
nation, as you have done. You have outraged our gods and religion and taxed
our forefathers and wise men with impiety and error and created strife amongst
us. You have left no stone unturned to estrange the relations with us. If you are
doing all this with a view to getting wealth, we will join together to give you
greater riches than any Quraishite has possessed. If ambition moves you, we
will make you our chief. If you desire kingship we will readily offer you that. If
you are under the power of an evil spirit which seems to haunt and dominate
you so that you cannot shake off its yoke, then we shall call in skilful physicians
to cure you.

"Have you said all?" asked Muhammad (Peace be upon him); and then hearing
that all had been said, he spoke forth, and said:

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Hâ-Mîm.
[These letters are one of the miracles of the Qur'ân, and none but Allâh
(Alone) knows their meanings]. A revelation from Allâh, the Most
Beneficent, the Most Merciful. A Book whereof the verses are explained in
detail; — a Qur'ân in Arabic for people who know. Giving glad tidings [of
Paradise to the one who believes in the Oneness of Allâh (i.e. Islamic
Monotheism) and fears Allâh much (abstains from all kinds of sins and evil
deeds.) and loves Allâh much (performing all kinds of good deeds which He
has ordained)], and warning (of punishment in the Hell-fire to the one who
disbelieves in the Oneness of Allâh), but most of them turn away, so they
listen not. And they say: Our hearts are under coverings (screened) from
that to which you invite us …" [41: 1-5]

The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) went on reciting the Chapter
while 'Utbah sitting and listening attentively with his hand behind his back to

55
support him. When the Messenger reached the verse that required prostration,
he immediately prostrated himself.
After that, he turned to 'Utbah saying: "Well Abu Al-Waleed! You have heard
my reply, you are now free to do whatever you please." 'Utbah then retired to
his company to apprise them of the Prophet (PBUH)'s attitude. When his
compatriots saw him, they swore that he had returned to them with a face unlike
the one he had before meeting the Prophet (PBUH). He immediately
communicated to them the details of the talk he gave and the reply he received,
and appended saying: "I have never heard words similar to those ones he
recited. They definitely relate neither to poetry nor to witchcraft nor do they
derive from soothsaying.
O people of Quraish! I request you to heed my advice and grant the man full
freedom to pursue his goals, in which case you could safely detach yourselves
from him. I swear that his words bear a supreme Message. Should the other
Arabs rid you of him, they will then spare you the trouble, on the other hand if
he accedes to power over the Arabs, then you will bask in his kingship and
share him his might."
These words of course fell on deaf ears, and did not appeal to the infidels, who
jeered at 'Utbah and claimed that the Prophet (PBUH) had bewitched him.
In another version of the same event, it is related that 'Utbah went on attentively
listening to the Prophet (PBUH) until the latter began to recite Allâh's Words:

"But if they turn away, they say [O Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ]: "I
have warned you of a Sa'iqa (a destructive awful cry, torment, hit, a
thunder-bolt) like the Sa'iqa which overtook 'Ad and Thamûd (people)."
[41:13]

Here 'Utbah stood up panicked and stunned putting his hand on the Prophet
(PBUH)'s mouth beseeching him: "I beg you in the Name of Allâh and uterine
ties to stop lest the calamity should befall the people of Quraish." He then
hurriedly returned to his compatriots and informed them of what he had heard.

This is a Hadith which proves that the Quraysh knew but it is only their pride
and arrogance that prevented them from accepting the truth.
There is another event that happened at that time which is the Social Boycott.
Most of the chain of narrations for this are weak.

Ibn Ishaq and others related: “When a serious illness caught Abu Talib, the
people of Quraish began to deliberate on the situation and reviewed the main
features that characterized that period and which included the conversion of
‘Umar and Hamzah to Islam, coupled with the tremendous stir that Muhammad
(Peace be upon him) had created amongst all the tribes of Quraish. They then
deemed it imperative to see Abu Talib before he died to pressure his nephew to
56
negotiate a compromise on the various disputed points. They were afraid that
the other Arabs might attribute to them the charge of opportunism.” The
delegation of Quraish comprised 25 men including notables like ‘Utbah bin
Rabi‘a, Shaibah bin Rabi‘a, Abu Jahl bin Hisham, Omaiyah bin Khalaf, Abu
Sufyan bin Harb. They first paid tribute to him and confirmed their high esteem
of his person and position among them. They then shifted to the newgive-and-
take policy that they claimed they wanted to follow. To substantiate their
argument they alleged that they would refrain from intervening in his religion if
he did the same. Abu Talib summoned his nephew and apprised him of the
minutes of his meeting with them, and said: “Well, my nephew, here are the
celebrities of your people. They have proposed this meeting to submit a policy
of mutual concessions and peaceful coexistence.” The Messenger of Allâh
(Peace be upon him) turned to them saying:

“I will guide you to the means by which you will gain sovereignty over both the
Arabs and non-Arabs.”
In another version, the Prophet (PBUH) addressed Abu Talib in the following
words: “O uncle! Why don’t you call them unto something better?” Abu Talib
asked him, “What is it that you invite them to?” The Prophet (PBUH) replied, “I
invite them to hold fast to a Message that is bound to give them access to
kingship over the Arabs and non-Arabs.”

According to Ibn Ishaq’s version, “It is just one word that will give you
supremacy over the Arabs and non-Arabs.” The Makkan deputies were taken by
incredible surprise and began to wonder what sort of word was that which
would benefit them to that extent. Abu Jahl asked, “What is that word? I swear
by your father that we will surely grant you your wish followed by ten times as
much.”
He said, “I want you to testify that there is no god worthy to be worshipped but
Allâh, and then divest yourselves of any sort of worship you harbour for any
deities other than Allâh.” They immediately clapped their hands in ridicule, and
said “How can you expect us to combine all the deities in one God. It is really
something incredible.” On their way out leaving, they said to one another, “By
god this man [Muhammad (Peace be upon him)] will never relent, nor will he
offer any concessions. Let us hold fast to the religion of our forefathers, and
Allâ h will in due course adjudicate and settle the dispute between us and him.”

As regards this incident, Allâh revealed the following verses:

“Sâd: [These letters (Sâd, etc.) are one of the miracles of the Qur’ân and none
but Allâh (Alone) knows their meanings]. By the Qur’ân full of reminding. Nay,
those who disbelieve are in false pride and Apposition. How many a generation
We have destroyed before them, and they cried out when there was no longer
time for escape! And they (Arab pagans) wonder that a warner [Prophet
57
(PBUH) Muhammad (Peace be upon him)] has come to them from among
themselves! And the disbelievers say, ‘This [Prophet (PBUH) Muhammad
(Peace be upon him) ] is a sorcerer, a liar. Has he made the gods (all) into One
God (Allâh). Verily, this is a curious thing!’ And the leaders among them went
about (saying): ‘Go on, and remain constant to your gods! Verily, this is a thing
designed (against you)! We have not heard (the like) of this among the people
of these later days. This is nothing but an invention.’” [38:1-7]

ABU TALIB'S DEATH:

In Rajab, the tenth year of the Prophet (PBUH)hood, Abu Talib fell ill and
passed away, six months after leaving the confinement at Ash-Sh‘ib

HADITH
Narrated Sa`id bin Al-Musaiyab from his father: When the time of the death of
Abu Talib approached, Allah (SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬went to him and found
Abu Jahl bin Hisham and `Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya bin Al-Mughira by his
side. Allah (SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said to Abu Talib, "O uncle! Say: None has
the right to be worshipped but Allah (SWT), a sentence with which I shall be a
witness (i.e. argue) for you before Allah (SWT). Abu Jahl and `Abdullah bin
Abi Umaiya said, "O Abu Talib! Are you going to denounce the religion of
`Abdul Muttalib?" Allah (SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬kept on inviting Abu Talib to
say it (i.e. 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah (SWT)') while they
(Abu Jahl and `Abdullah) kept on repeating their statement till Abu Talib said as
his last statement that he was on the religion of `Abdul Muttalib and refused to
say, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah (SWT).' (Then Allah
(SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I will keep on asking Allah (SWT)'s forgiveness
for you unless I am forbidden (by Allah (SWT)) to do so." So Allah (SWT)
revealed (the verse) concerning him (i.e. It is not fitting for the Prophet (PBUH)
(‫ )ﷺ‬and those who believe that they should invoke (Allah (SWT)) for
forgiveness for pagans even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to
them that they are companions of the fire (Surah Tawbah 9.113).
SAHIH AL BUKHARI 1360

And it was said to the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him):

“Verily! You [O Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ] guide not whom you
like,but Allāh guides whom He wills. And He is most knowing of the
[rightly] guided.” [ Surah QASAS 28:56]

This indicates that hidayah is not in our hands. There are 2 kinds of
Hidayah
58
 HIdayah Al Irshad- to show people the truth, to give them evidence.
Hidayah At Tawfique- Allah (SWT) guides according to His will. Who
deserves to be guided and who does not. It’s in Allah (SWT)’s hand

The Prophet (PBUH) showed the truth, the evidence, but he could not make
them become Muslim.

HADITH
Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri:
That he heard the Prophet (PBUH) (‫ )ﷺ‬when somebody mentioned his uncle
(i.e. Abu Talib), saying, "Perhaps my intercession will be helpful to him on the
Day of Resurrection so that he may be put in a shallow fire reaching only up to
his ankles. His brain will boil from it."
Narrated Yazid:
(as above, Hadith 224) using the words: "will make his brain boil."
SAHIH AL BUKHARI 3885

KHADIJAH PASSES AWAY TO THE MERCY OF ALLAH (SWT):

Only two months after the death of his uncle, did the Messenger of Allâh (Peace
be upon him) experience another great personal loss viz., the Mother of
believers, his wife Khadijah passed away in Ramadan of the tenth year of his
Prophet (PBUH)hood, when she was sixty-five years old, and he was fifty.

Khadijah was in fact a blessing of Allâh for the Prophet (PBUH) (Peace be upon
him). She, for twenty-five years, shared with him the toils and trials of life,
especially in the first ten years of his ministry of Prophet (PBUH)hood. He
deeply mourned over her death, and once he replied in an honest burst of tender
emotions:
“She believed in me when none else did. She embraced Islam when people
disbelieved me. And she helped and comforted me in her person and wealth
when there was none else to lend me a helping hand. I had children from her
only.” (REPORTED BY AHMAD)

HADITH
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Gabriel came to the Prophet (PBUH) (‫ )ﷺ‬and said, "O Allah (SWT)'s
Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬This is Khadija coming to you with a dish having meat soup
(or some food or drink). When she reaches you, greet her on behalf of her Lord
(i.e. Allah (SWT)) and on my behalf, and give her the glad tidings of having a

59
Qasab palace in Paradise wherein there will be neither any noise nor any fatigue
(trouble) . "
Sahih al-Bukhari 3820

These two painful events took place within a short lapse of time and added a lot
to his grief and suffering. The Makkans now openly declared their campaign of
torture and oppression.
The Prophet (PBUH) lost all hope of bringing them back to the right path, so he
set out for Al-Ta’if seeking a supportive atmosphere.
But there too, he was disappointed and he sustained unbearable tortures and
maltreatment that far outweighed his miserable situation in his native town. His
Companions were on equal footing subjected to unspeakable torture and
unbearable oppression to such an extent that his closest friend, Abu Bakr, to
escape pressure, fled out of Makkah and wanted to leave for Abyssinia
(Ethiopia) if it were not for Ibn Ad-Daghanah who met him at Bark Al-Ghamad
and managed to dissuade him from completing his journey of escape and
brought him back under his protection. The death of Abu Talib rendered the
Prophet (PBUH) vulnerable, and the polytheists availed them of that
opportunity to give free rein to their hatred and highhandedness and to translate
them in terms of oppression and physical tortures. Once an insolent Quraishite
intercepted him and sprinkled sand on his head. When he arrived home, a
daughter of his washed the sand away and wept. “Do not weep, my daughter.
Allâh will verily protect your father.” The Prophet (PBUH) said. Rapid
succession of misfortunes, led the Prophet (PBUH) (Peace be upon him) to call
that period, ‘the year of grief and mourning’. Thenceforth, that year bore that
appellation.

READ SAHIH AL BUKHARI FOR THE STORY OF ABU BAKR RA- 2297)
Narrated Aisha:
(wife of the Prophet (PBUH)) Since I reached the age when I could remember things, I have seen
my parents worshipping according to the right faith of Islam. Not a single day passed but Allah
(SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬visited us both in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims
were persecuted, Abu Bakr set out for Ethiopia as an emigrant. When he reached a place called
Bark-al-Ghimad, he met Ibn Ad-Daghna, the chief of the Qara tribe, who asked Abu Bakr,
"Where are you going?" Abu Bakr said, "My people have turned me out of the country and I
would like to tour the world and worship my Lord." Ibn Ad- Daghna said, "A man like you will not
go out, nor will he be turned out as you help the poor earn their living, keep good relation with
your Kith and kin, help the disabled (or the dependents), provide guests with food and shelter,
and help people during their troubles. I am your protector. So, go back and worship your Lord at
your home." Ibn Ad-Daghna went along with Abu Bakr and took him to the chiefs of Quraish
saying to them, "A man like Abu Bakr will not go out, nor will he be turned out. Do you turn out a
man who helps the poor earn their living, keeps good relations with Kith and kin, helps the
disabled, provides guests with food and shelter, and helps the people during their troubles?" So,
Quraish allowed Ibn Ad-Daghna's guarantee of protection and told Abu- Bakr that he was secure,
and said to Ibn Ad-Daghna, "Advise Abu Bakr to worship his Lord in his house and to pray and
read what he liked and not to hurt us and not to do these things publicly, for we fear that our sons
and women may follow him." Ibn Ad-Daghna told Abu Bakr of all that, so Abu- Bakr continued
worshipping his Lord in his house and did not pray or recite Qur'an aloud except in his house.

60
 Later on Abu Bakr had an idea of building a mosque in the court yard of his house. He fulfilled
that idea and started praying and reciting Qur'an there publicly. The women and the offspring of
the pagans started gathering around him and looking at him astonishingly. Abu Bakr was a
softhearted person and could not help weeping while reciting Qur'an. This horrified the pagan
chiefs of Quraish. They sent for Ibn Ad-Daghna and when he came, they said, "We have given
Abu Bakr protection on condition that he will worship his Lord in his house, but he has
transgressed that condition and has built a mosque in the court yard of his house and offered his
prayer and recited Qur'an in public. We are afraid lest he mislead our women and offspring. So,
go to him and tell him that if he wishes he can worship his Lord in his house only, and if not, then
tell him to return your pledge of protection as we do not like to betray you by revoking your
pledge, nor can we tolerate Abu Bakr's public declaration of Islam (his worshipping). `Aisha
added: Ibn Ad-Daghna came to Abu Bakr and said, "You know the conditions on which I gave
you protection, so you should either abide by those conditions or revoke my protection, as I do
not like to hear the 'Arabs saying that Ibn Ad-Daghna gave the pledge of protection to a person
and his people did not respect it." Abu Bakr said, "I revoke your pledge of protection and am
satisfied with Allah (SWT)'s protection." At that time Allah (SWT)'s Messenger ( ‫ )ﷺ‬was still in
Mecca and he said to his companions, "Your place of emigration has been shown to me. I have
seen salty land, planted with date-palms and situated between two mountains which are the
two ,Harras." So, when the Prophet (PBUH) (‫ )ﷺ‬told it, some of the companions migrated to
Medina, and some of those who had migrated to Ethiopia returned to Medina. When Abu Bakr
prepared for emigration, Allah (SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said to him, "Wait, for I expect to be
permitted to emigrate." Abu Bakr asked, "May my father be sacrificed for your sake, do you really
expect that?" Allah (SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬replied in the affirmative. So, Abu Bakr postponed
his departure in order to accompany Allah (SWT)'s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and fed two camels which he
had, with the leaves of Samor trees for four months.
SAHIH Al BUKHARI 2297

HIS MARRIAGE TO SAWDA IN SHAWWAL, THE TENTH YEAR OF

PROPHETHOOD:
The death of Khadijah left the Prophet (PBUH) lonely. The name of Sawdah
was suggested to him for marriage which he accepted. This lady had suffered
many hardships for the sake of Islam. She was an early convert to the Islamic
Faith and it was by her persuasion that her husband had embraced Islam. On the
second emigration to Abyssinia (Ethiopia), Sawdah had accompanied her
husband As-Sakran bin ‘Amr. He died on their way back to Makkah leaving her
in a terrible state of destitution. She was the first woman for the Prophet
(PBUH) to marry after the death of Khadijah. Some years later she granted her
turn with the Prophet (PBUH) to her co-wife, ‘Aishah.

18TH NOV
In the previous class we learnt about the grief of the Prophet on the death of his uncle and his wife
Khadijah RA. He continued his efforts in his dawah to the Quraysh and they continued in their denial to his
dawah and the oppression of the Prophet and his Companions RA. The companions wanted to leave
Makkah to Abyssinia because of this oppression.
Abu Bakr RA too wanted to leave but he met Ibn Dugnah on his way to Abyssinia at Dhar Al Ghimad and
the latter advised him to return to Makkah.

Important hadith about Abu Bakr (R.A) wanting to leave Makkah.

Narrated Aisha:
(wife of the Prophet) Since I reached the age when I could remember things, I have seen my parents
worshipping according to the right faith of Islam. Not a single day passed but Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬visited us

61
both in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were persecuted, Abu Bakr set out for Ethiopia as
an emigrant. When he reached a place called Bark-al-Ghimad, he met Ibn Ad-Daghna, the chief of the Qara
tribe, who asked Abu Bakr, "Where are you going?" Abu Bakr said, "My people have turned me out of the
country and I would like to tour the world and worship my Lord." Ibn Ad- Daghna said, "A man like you will not
go out, nor will he be turned out as you help the poor earn their living, keep good relation with your Kith and kin,
help the disabled (or the dependents), provide guests with food and shelter, and help people during their
troubles. I am your protector. So, go back and worship your Lord at your home." Ibn Ad-Daghna went along
with Abu Bakr and took him to the chiefs of Quraish saying to them, "A man like Abu Bakr will not go out, nor
will he be turned out. Do you turn out a man who helps the poor earn their living, keeps good relations with Kith
and kin, helps the disabled, provides guests with food and shelter, and helps the people during their troubles?"
So, Quraish allowed Ibn Ad-Daghna's guarantee of protection and told Abu- Bakr that he was secure, and said
to Ibn Ad-Daghna, "Advise Abu Bakr to worship his Lord in his house and to pray and read what he liked and
not to hurt us and not to do these things publicly, for we fear that our sons and women may follow him." Ibn Ad-
Daghna told Abu Bakr of all that, so Abu- Bakr continued worshipping his Lord in his house and did not pray or
recite Qur'an aloud except in his house. Later on Abu Bakr had an idea of building a mosque in the court yard
of his house. He fulfilled that idea and started praying and reciting Qur'an there publicly. The women and the
offspring of the pagans started gathering around him and looking at him astonishingly. Abu Bakr was a
softhearted person and could not help weeping while reciting Qur'an. This horrified the pagan chiefs of Quraish.
They sent for Ibn Ad-Daghna and when he came, they said, "We have given Abu Bakr protection on condition
that he will worship his Lord in his house, but he has transgressed that condition and has built a mosque in the
court yard of his house and offered his prayer and recited Qur'an in public. We are afraid lest he mislead our
women and offspring. So, go to him and tell him that if he wishes he can worship his Lord in his house only,
and if not, then tell him to return your pledge of protection as we do not like to betray you by revoking your
pledge, nor can we tolerate Abu Bakr's public declaration of Islam (his worshipping). `Aisha added: Ibn Ad-
Daghna came to Abu Bakr and said, "You know the conditions on which I gave you protection, so you should
either abide by those conditions or revoke my protection, as I do not like to hear the 'Arabs saying that Ibn Ad-
Daghna gave the pledge of protection to a person and his people did not respect it." Abu Bakr said, "I revoke
your pledge of protection and am satisfied with Allah's protection." At that time Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was still
in Mecca and he said to his companions, "Your place of emigration has been shown to me. I have seen salty
land, planted with date-palms and situated between two mountains which are the two ,Harras." So, when the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬told it, some of the companions migrated to Medina, and some of those who had migrated to
Ethiopia returned to Medina. When Abu Bakr prepared for emigration, Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said to him,
"Wait, for I expect to be permitted to emigrate." Abu Bakr asked, "May my father be sacrificed for your sake, do
you really expect that?" Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬replied in the affirmative. So, Abu Bakr postponed his departure
in order to accompany Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and fed two camels which he had, with the leaves of Samor
trees for four months.
Sahih al-Bukhari 2297

After the death of Abu Talib and Khadijah RA, Allah comforted the heart of the Prophet with the night
journey in the 10th year of Prophet hood of Israa and Miraaj.
The Prophet was carried in body from the sacred mosque in Makkah to the sacred mosque Al Aqsa in
Jibreel AS, on an animal Buraq.
The Prophet (saw) continued, ‘I was then brought a white beast which is called al-Buraq [from the Arabic word barq, meaning
lightning], bigger than a donkey and smaller than a mule. Its stride was as long as the eye could reach’. [Muslim]
’When we reached Bait al-Maqdis [literally ‘the holy house’ another name for the Blessed Masjid Al-Aqsa] Jibril (as) pointed
with his finger causing a crack in the rock, and he tied the Buraq to it [at the western wall of the noble sanctuary]’ (Tirmidhi).
He was accompanied by Jibreel AS. He tied the Buraq on a ring and he led the other Prophets in prayer.
This event of Al Israa is our relation to the Aqsa mosque. This mosque is an Islamic symbol that we have to
honor, respect and support. It has a great status in Islam. Our relation is more than anyone else. It belongs
to the Muslim. Not to the Jews or anyone else.

Narrated Anas (ra):

Abu Dhar (ra) used to say that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "While I was at Makkah, the roof of my house was
opened and Jibril descended, opened my chest, and washed it with Zamzam water. (this was the second
washing of his heart)

62
Then he brought a golden tray full of wisdom and faith, and having poured its contents into my chest, he closed
it. Then he took my hand and ascended with me to the heaven.

When Jibril reached the nearest heaven, he said to the gatekeeper of the heaven, 'Open (the gate).' The
gatekeeper asked, 'who is it?' Jibril answered, 'Jibril'. He asked, 'Is there anyone with you?' Jibril replied,
'Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬is with me.' He asked, 'Has he been called?', Jibril said, 'Yes'. So, the gate was opened and
we went over the nearest heaven, and there we saw a man sitting with Aswida (a large number of people) of
his right and Aswida on his left. When he looked towards his right, he laughed and when he looked towards his
left he wept. He said (to me), 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious son'. I said, 'Who is this man O Jibril?' Jibril
replied, 'He is Adam, and the people on his right and left are the souls of his offspring. Those on the right are
the people of Paradise, and those on the left are the people of the (Hell) Fire. So, when he looks to the right, he
laughs, and when he looks to the left he weeps.'

Then Jibril ascended with me till he reached the second heaven and said to the gatekeeper, 'Open (the gate).'
The gatekeeper said to him the same as the gatekeeper of the first heaven has said, and he opened the gate."
Anas added: Abu Dhar mentioned that Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬met Isa and Yahya who said, 'Welcome, O pious Prophet
and pious brother!'

Then Jibril ascended with me till he reached the third heaven and said to the gatekeeper, 'Open (the gate).'
The gatekeeper said to him the same as the gatekeeper of the first heaven has said, and he opened the gate."
There was Yusuf AS, and he said: 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious brother!'
The Prophet PBUH said, “I saw Yusuf, and lo and behold, it was as if he had been given half of all beauty.”

Then Jibril ascended with me till he reached the fourth heaven and the same questions and answers were
exchanged and there I met Idrees (a.s) and greeted him. He said: 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious
brother!”

Then Jibril ascended with me till he reached the fifth heaven and the same questions and answers were
exchanged and there I met Haroon (a.s) and greeted him. He said: 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious
brother!”

Then Jibril ascended with me till he reached the sixth heaven and the same questions and answers were
exchanged and there I met Idrees (a.s) and greeted him. He said: 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious
brother!”

Then Jibril ascended with me till he reached the seventh heaven and the same questions and answers were
exchanged and there I met Musa (a.s) and greeted him. He said: 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious
brother!”
When I proceeded on, he, Musa (a.s) began weeping. On being asked why he was weeping he said: “ Oh Lord,
the followers of this youth who was sent after me will enter Jannah in greater numbers than my followers”.

(this indicated the eagerness and keenness for the guidance of his nation)
He (PBUH) said, we ascended to the seventh heaven and the same questions and answers were exchanged.
There I met) Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Ibrahim who said, 'Welcome, O pious Prophet and pious son!'
Then I was shown Al Bait Al Ma’mur a house of Allah in the heavens exactly above the Kaaba. It is in the 7 th
heaven.
Prophet (PBUH) asked Jibreel (a.s) about it and he said, this is Bait Al Ma’mur where 70000 angels perform
prayers daily, and once they leave they never return to it but always a fresh batch comes to it daily. Its
sanctuary is the same as the Kaaba but the angels do tawaf here.
Then I was shown “Sidrat Al Muntaha”, the lote tree of the utmost boundary over the 7 th heaven. I saw its fruits
and they resemble the clay jugs of Hajar ,a town in Arabia and its leaves werelike the ears of elephants. And 4
rivers originated at its roots, 2 were apparent and 2 were hidden. I asked Jibreel (a.s) about them, the 2 hidden
rivers are in paradise and the 2 apparent ones are the Nile and the Euphrates.
Then 50 prayers were enjoined on me (in the 7th heaven). I descended and in the 6th heaven again met Musa
(a.s). Musa (a.s) asked “What have you done O Muhammad”. I said, “50 prayers have been enjoined on me”.
Musa (a.s) said “I know the people better than you, because I had the hardest experience of bringing Bani

63
 Israel to obedience. Your followers cannot put up with this obligation. So return to your Lord and request to
reduce the prayers”.
I returned to Allah SWT and requested, and He made it 40 prayers. I returned and met Musa (a.s) and had a
similar discussion. Then I returned to Allah SWT and requested, and he made it 30, then 20, then 10. Then
came to Musa who repeated the same advice. Ultimately Allah SWT reduced it to 5. Then when I came to Musa
again, he repeated the same advice and I said, “I surrender to the final order of Allah SWT”.
Allah’s Messenger (PBUH) was addressed by Allah SWT, “I have decreed my obligation I have reduced the
burden on my slave, and I will reward a single good deed as if it were 10 good deeds”.
(Typed as per the teacher but she told this hadith is in Sahih Al Bukhari: 3342 – I checked but it is a
little different)

Also, Bukhari 349, Muslim 162.

Another version, it is added
Then Jibril took me till we reached Sidrat-ul-Muntaha (i.e., lote tree of utmost boundary) which was shrouded in
colors indescribable. Then I was admitted into Paradise where I found small tents (made) of pearls and its earth
was musk (a kind of perfume)."
1. As the Prophet (PBUH) while ascending to the heaven he was passing by a group of angels, the angels were
advising him, Order your nation with Al Hijama. (In another hadith cupping it is a cure and the remedy for every
sickness). Hadith in Sahih Al Jaami 3332. Authenticated by Albani- hadith hassan. There are many hadith
regarding the virtues of hijama

2. The Prophet (PBUH) was at Sidrat Al muntaha, a vessel of wine, vessel of milk and vessel of honey were
brought to Him. He (PBUH) selected the vessel containing milk and he drank it. Jibreel (A.S) said, “You have
been guided to Al Fitrah. Had you selected wine, your nation would have been misled”. (fitrah means the
natural disposition on Islamic monotheism, by nature we believe in the oneness of Allah SWT)
Bukhari 3437, Muslim 168

3. Another Hadith, when Prophet was admitted into Paradise, he heard footsteps and saw a woman. Narrated
Jabir bin Abdullah:
The Prophet said, "I saw myself (in a dream) entering Paradise and behold! I saw Ar-Rumaisa', Abu Talha's
wife and mother of Anas Ibn Malik. I heard footsteps. I asked, who is it? Somebody said, 'It is Bilal”.
Then I saw a palace and a lady sitting in its courtyard. I asked, 'For whom is this palace?' Somebody replied, 'It
is for 'Umar.' I intended to enter it and see it, but I thought of your ('Umar's) Ghira (jelousy) and gave up the
attempt." 'Umar said, "Let my parents be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Apostle! How dare I think of my Ghira
(self-respect) being offended by you?
Sahih Al Bukhari: 3679
In another hadith related to BILAL (RA), Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The
Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said to Bilal (May Allah be pleased with him) "Tell me about the most hopeful act
(i.e., one which you deem the most rewarding with Allah) you have done since your acceptance of Islam
because I heard the sound of the steps of your shoes in front of me in Jannah.'' Bilal said: "I do not consider
any act more hopeful than that whenever I make Wudu' (or took a bath) in an hour of night or day, I would
immediately perform Salat (prayer) for as long as was destined for me to perform.
(this shows the virtue of Salaat al Wudu)
This hadith indicates/ confirms that Bilal, Rumaisa and Umar (R.A) are from the people of paradise

4. Narrated Anas:
When the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was made to ascend to the Heavens, he said (after his return), "I came upon a river the
banks of which were made of tents of hollow pearls. I asked Gabriel. What is this (river?) He replied, 'This is the
Kauthar.' Bukhari 4964

Narrated Abu Ubaida:

I asked `Aisha 'regarding the verse:--'Verily we have granted you the Kauthar.' She replied, "The Kauthar is a
river which has been given to your Prophet on the banks of which there are (tents of) hollow pearls and its
utensils are as numberless as the stars."
Sahih al-Bukhari 4965

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5. Narrated that Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “On the night on which I was taken on the Night Journey (Isra’), a
beautiful fragrance came to me. I said: O Jibreel, what is this beautiful fragrance? He said: This is the
fragrance of the hairdresser of Pharaoh’s daughter and her children. I said: What is their story? He said: Whilst
she was combing the hair of Pharaoh’s daughter one day, the iron comb fell from her hand and she said,
‘Bismillaah (in the name of Allaah).’ The daughter of Pharaoh said: ‘My father?’ She said: ‘No. My Lord and the
Lord of your father is Allaah.’ She said: ‘I will tell him about that.’ She said: ‘Yes.’ So she told him and he
summoned her and said: ‘O So and so, do you have a Lord other than me?’ She said: ‘Yes, my Lord and your
Lord is Allaah.’ He ordered that a baqarah (lit. “cow”) made of copper be heated up, then he ordered that she
and her children be thrown into it. She said: ‘I have a request to make of you.’ He said: ‘What is your request?’
She said: ‘I would like my bones and my children’s bones to be gathered together in one cloth and buried.’ He
said: ‘This will be done for you.’ He ordered that her children be thrown into it in front of her, one by one, until
they came to the last one who was an infant boy who was still being breastfed. It was as if she wavered
because of him, but he said: ‘O mother, go ahead, for the punishment of this world is easier to bear than the
punishment of the hereafter.’ So she went ahead.” Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: Four
infants spoke: ‘Eesa ibn Maryam (peace be upon him), the companion of Jurayj, the witness of Yoosuf and the
son of the hairdresser of Pharaoh’s daughter.
Narrated by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad (1/309), al-Tabaraani (12280), Ibn Hibbaan (2903) and al-Haakim
(2/496).

6. Narrated `Aisha:
the mother of believers: Allah enjoined the prayer when He enjoined it, it was two rak`at only (in every prayer)
both when in residence or on journey. Then the prayers offered on journey remained the same, but (the rak`at
of) the prayers for non-travelers were increased.
Bukhari 350

7. Narrated Anas bin Malik:

The night Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was taken for a journey from the sacred mosque (of Mecca) Al-Ka`ba: Three
persons came to him (in a dream while he was sleeping in the Sacred Mosque before the Divine Inspiration
was revealed to Him. One of them said, "Which of them is he?" The middle (second) angel said, "He is the best
of them." The last (third) angel said, "Take the best of them." Only that much happened on that night and he did
not see them till they came on another night, i.e. after The Divine Inspiration was revealed to him. (Fath-ul-Bari
Page 258, Vol. 17) and he saw them, his eyes were asleep, but his heart was not----and so is the case with the
prophets: their eyes sleep while their hearts do not sleep. So those angels did not talk to him till they carried
him and placed him beside the well of Zamzam. From among them Gabriel took charge of him.
Sahih al-Bukhari 7517

8. Find in Raheeq al makhtoom: The Prophet (PBUH) met Maalik the keeper of hell fire. There are hadith about
those who lie, slander, backbite. He saw these as dreams(ru’ya) and not in the night journey.
9. After the incident of Isra wa Miraj, the Prophet (PBUH) woke up in the sacred house. While his ascend and
descent from heaven he saw the camels of Makkan merchants going to and fro. He informed the people about
about his journey. The Quraysh said, if you went to Masjid Al Aqsa then describe it to us. The Prophet (PBUH)
gave the most accurate description if that city and the Makkans were astonished. He told them all about the
routes of their camels. He said, that a caravan will come on such and such day and behind it will be. A black
camel and it turned out to be true. Inspite of this the Makkans didn’t believe.
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
That he heard Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "When the people of Quraish did not believe me (i.e. the story of
my Night Journey), I stood up in Al-Hijr and Allah displayed Jerusalem in front of me, and I began describing it
to them while I was looking at it."
Bukhari 3886
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
I found myself in Hijr and the Quraish were asking me about my might journey. I was asked about things
pertaining to Bait-ul-Maqdis which I could not preserve (in my mind). I was very much vexed, so vexed as I had
never been before. Then Allah raised it (Bait-ul-Maqdis) before my eyes. I looked towards it, and I gave them
the information about whatever they questioned me I also saw myself among the group of apostles. I saw
Moses saying prayer and found him to be a well-built man as if he was a man of the tribe of Shanu'a. I saw
Jesus son of Mary (peace be upon him) offering prayer, of all of men he had the closest resemblance with

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 'Urwa b. Masu'd al-Thaqafi. I saw Ibrahim (peace be upon him) offering prayer; he had the closest resemblance
with your companion (the Prophet himself) amongst people. When the time of prayer came I led them. When I
completed the prayer, someone said: Here is Malik, the keeper of the Hell; pay him salutations. I turned to him,
but he preceded me in salutation.
Muslim 172

When some of the Muslims heard about the night journey, they apostated. They said that he has lied. They
went to Abu Bakr (R.A) and told him “your companion proclaims that he was taken by night journey to
Jerusalem”. Abu Bakr said “did he say that, then he said the truth and I believe in more than that (that is the
news of the heavens, the revelations the descend on him morning and evening). Therefore, he was called As
Siddeeq- the verifier of truth.

The Propeht (PBUH) set out to At Taif in the company of his freed slave Zaid Ibn Harith. He approached the
family of Umair who were among the nobility of the tow. Three brothers from the chieftains of Thaqif tribe met
the Prophet (PBUH) Abd yalil, Masud and Habib who invited them to embrace Islam and tawheed.
the first one said: "i would tear the robes of the kabah if it was true that god has chosen you as his messenger."
the second said: "has god found no one other than you to be his messenger?" the third said: "by god, i won't
speak to you. if it is true that you are god's messenger, you are too great for me to speak to you. if, on the other
hand, you are lying, you are not worth answering."
10 days he stayed there delivering the message of Allah to several people, but the people didn’t respond.
When he intended to return to Makkah, there is a WEAK hadith about this
Not only did they refuse to listen to his message, but they unleashed the children of their
tribe to throw stones at him and drive him out of their town. With people jeering at him
as his ankles bled, he ran out, finding shelter in an empty orchard.

It has been narrated on the authority of `A'isha, the wife of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, who said to the Messenger of Allah
(may peace he upon him):
Messenger of Allah, has there come upon you a day more terrible than the day of Uhud. He said: I have
experienced from thy people and the hardest treatment I met from them was what I received from them on the
day of `Aqaba. I betook myself to Ibn `Abd Yalil b. `Abd Kulal with the purpose of inviting him to Islam, but he
did not respond to me as I desired. So I departed with signs of (deep) distress on my face. I did not recover
until I reached Qarn al-Tha`alib. Where I raised my head, lo! near me was a cloud which had cast its shadow
on me. I looked and lo! there was in it the angel Jibril who called out to me and said: God, the Honoured and
Glorious, has heard what thy people have said to thee, and how they have reacted to thy call. And He has sent
to thee the angel in charge of the mountains so that thou mayest order him what thou wishest (him to do) with
regard to them. The angel in charge of the mountains (then) called out to me, greeted me and said:
Muhammad, God has listened to what thy people have said to thee. I am the angel in charge of the mountains,
and thy Lord has sent me to thee so that thou mayest order me what thou wishest. If thou wishest that I should
bring together the two mountains that stand opposite to each other at the extremities of Mecca to crush them in
between, (I would do that). But the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) said to him: I rather hope that
God will produce from their descendants such persons as will worship Allah, the One, and will not ascribe
partners to Him.
Muslim] 1795
This shows the forbearance of the Prophet (PBUH) and also indicates how Allah SWT consoles the hearts of
His Awliyaa and sending them what keeps their hearts firm. Allah’s Walaaya for His believing slaves and also
indicates the mercy of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as Allah describes in Surah Tawbah as most merciful.
He then proceeded to Wadi Nakhla and there a company of Jinn listened to him reciting the Quran, as
mentioned in Surah Ahqaf 29-31
(46:29) And call to mind when We sent to you a party of the jinn that they may listen to the Qur'an.33 When
they reached the place (where you were reciting the Qur'an), they said to one another: “Be silent (and listen).”
And when the recitation ended, they went back to their people as warners. (46:30) They said: “Our people, We
have heard a Scripture revealed after Moses, verifying the Scriptures revealed before it; it guides to the Truth
and to the Straight Way.

1. These verses indicate that the Prophet (PBUH) was not aware of their presence and came to know only when
Allah SWT revealed about it to him.
2. They indicate the divine support given to him

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3. The ultimate victory and success for the call of Islam.
4. The depression and sadness were removed from him and went to Makkah with renewed determination. He
didn’t lose heart with the people of Taif that would make him give up the Daawah. Rather he (PBUH) resumed
his dawah to Islam.

When Muhammad approached Mecca he stayed at the cave of Hira, realizing that he was not allowed to enter,
he asked a passing horseman to send a message to Akhnas ibn Shariq, who was a clansman from his
mother's clan, to extend his protection to him so that he could enter safely.
But Akhnas refused on the grounds that he was only a confederate of the house of the Quraysh. Muhammad
then sent a message to Suhayl ibn Amr, who also refused on tribal principle. In the end, Muhammad sent a
message to Mut'im ibn Adiy, a notable in Makkah. Mut'im agreed, although he was a disbeliever agreed. After
arming himself, he went with his people to escort Muhammad into Mecca. He went directly to the holy
sanctuary where he offered two rakah prayer and then went to his house guarded by them.

When the time of pilgrimage was approaching. In the year 11 of Prophethood, the companions Ali and Abu Bakr
passed by Aqabah, Mina where they heard people talking. 6 people from Yathrib, These six men from the
Khazraj tribe of Yathrib were Asad bin Zurara, Auf bin Harith bin Rifaa (Auf bin Ifra’a), Rafi bin Malik bin Ailan,
Qatba bin Amir Hadida, Uqba bin Nabi, and Jabir bin Abdullah bin Riqab. The last 2 Uqbah and Jabir were from
Aws tribe. While the rest were from Khazraj.

Yathrib was also home to some Jewish tribes, and occasionally disputes would flare up between the Arabs and
Jews. The Jewish minority would intimmidate the Arabs by saying soon a prophet would be sent to lead the
Jews into battle.
The people of Madinah always heard the Jews speaking about the coming of a Prophet. The Jews were
waiting for him, to gain victory over the other. But when he came they disbelieved in him because he didn’t
come from the Bani Israel but from the Arabs out of envy and jealousy.

These six pilgrims were sitting together in Mina (just outside Makkah) one night when the Prophet passed by.
He approached them and asked, “Who are you?”
“We belong to the Khazraj,” they answered. “Are you the Allies of the Jews?” the Prophet commented. They
replied in the affirmative. “Let us sit together and talk,” the Prophet suggested. He spoke to them about Islam,
recited some verses of the Qur’an, and invited them to believe in Alllah, the One, the Exalted.
The men sitting with the Prophet (PBUH) recognised who he was. They remembered the saying of the Jews.
“This is the same prophet the Jews constantly threaten us with. Let us pledge allegiance to him before they do.”
All six men accepted Islam. “We left our people in such a plight,” they said. “If Allah unites us through you, you
would be honoured more than anyone else among us.” The six new Muslims promised that they would invite
their people to Islam upon returning to Yathrib, and that they would meet the Prophet during the next
pilgrimage.

'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬married her when she was seven years old,
and he was taken to his house as a bride when she was nine, and her dolls were with her; and when he (the
Holy Prophet) died she was eighteen years old.
Sahih Muslim 1422c

Narated By ‘Aisha : That the Prophet said to her, “You have been shown to me twice in my dream. I saw you
pictured on a piece of silk and some-one said (to me). ‘This is your wife.’ When I uncovered the picture, I saw
that it was yours. I said, ‘If this is from Allah, it will be done.”
Bukhari 3682, 3681(similar)

The next year, five of the six men from Yathrib returned to meet the Prophet during Hajj. They brought with
them five converts from their own tribe of Khazraj and two from the tribe of Aus. In total they were 12 people. 5
from the previous year and 7 new.

The names of the five converts of the Khazraj were Mu’adh bin Harith (Mu’adh bin Ifra’a), Zakwan bin Abdul
Qays, Ubada bin Samit, Yazeed bin Thulba, and Abbas bin Ubada bin Fadhl.

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The two men from the Aus tribe were Abul Haytham bin Al-Tayhan and Uwaym bin Sa’eda.

Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit:

who took part in the battle of Badr and was a Naqib (a person heading a group of six persons), on the night of
Al-'Aqaba pledge: Allah's Apostle said while a group of his companions were around him, "Swear allegiance to
me for:
1. Not to join anything in worship along with Allah.
2. Not to steal.
3. Not to commit illegal sexual intercourse.
4. Not to kill your children.
5. Not to accuse an innocent person (to spread such an accusation among people).
6. Not to be disobedient (when ordered) to do good deed."
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬added: "Whoever among you fulfills his pledge will be rewarded by Allah. And whoever
indulges in any one of them (except the ascription of partners to Allah) and gets the punishment in this world,
that punishment will be an expiation for that sin. And if one indulges in any of them, and Allah conceals his sin,
it is up to Him to forgive or punish him (in the Hereafter)." 'Ubada bin As-Samit added: "So we swore allegiance
for these." (points to Allah's Apostle)
Sahih al-Bukhari 18

Musab Ibn Umayr (RA) is the first Ambassador of Islam in Madinah.

When the men who took the pledge at Aqabah finished performing Hajj, the Prophet (PBUH) sent Mus’ab bin
Umayr along with them to teach them the Qur’an. In Yathrib, Mus’ab was hosted by Abu Umama Asad bin
Zurara. The two directed their efforts towards teaching non-Muslims about Islam.

Saad Ibn Mu’adh (RA) embraced Islam. How?

One day As’ad ibn Zurarah went out with Mus’ab ibn ‘Umayr to the areas of Banu al-Ashhal and of Banu Zafar.
They entered one of the gardens of Banu Zafar by a well called Maraq. Sa’d ibn Mu’adh and Usayd ibn Hudayr
were at the time leaders of their clan, the Banu ‘Abd al-Ashhal, and both followed the polytheism of their tribe.
When they had heard about Mus’ab, Sa’d said to Usayd, “Go to these fellows who have entered our quarters to
make fools of our comrades, drive them out and forbid them to enter our quarters.
Weapon in hand, Usayd approached the two Muslims. Asad saw him and warned Mus’ab, “Here comes a
chieftain.”
“Why are you here?” Usayd thundered. “Do you intend to deceive our weak? Keep away if you value your life!”

Mus’ab was not intimidated. “Why don’t you sit and listen? If you like what we say, accept it; if you dislike it,
don’t.” “That sounds fair,” siad Usayd cautiously. He put away his weapon and sat down. Mus’ab explained the
basic principles of Islam and then recited some verses of the Qur’an.
Usayd found himself agreeing with everything Mus’ab said, so he embraced Islam. He then returned to Sa’d bin
Mu’adh. There was a certain situation and now Sa’d bin Mu’adh went to speak to Mus’ab. Mus’ab told him the
same thing he had told Usayd, and Sa’d agreed to listen. When Mus’ab finished explaining the principles of
Islam, Sa’d too became Muslim. His love for the Prophet and his faith made him one of the more distinguished
Companions of the Prophet .

His new faith surging in his heart, Sa’d returned to his people and said, “O Banu Abdul Ash’hal! What do you
know about me as a man among you?” They answered in one voice, “You are our chief and the wisest man
among us!”

Sa’d said, “Well, I will not talk to the families of those who do not believe in Allah and his Prophet.” The evening
that day, every man and woman in the tribe became Muslim except for Usayram, who became Muslim in the
Battle of Uhud. He was martyred in the battle before he had even performed one prostration as a Muslim.
The Prophet (PBUH) said about him, that he has done little, but his reward was great.
This shows the importance of taking the testimony of faith.

Musab (RA) carried out his work of inviting to Islam until all the houses of Ansar had accepted Islam. Only one
family did not accept Islam, who were Banu Umayya, Ibnu Zaid and also Khatama and Waa’yl because they
were under the influence of the poet Qays Ibnu Aslad who they followed and who prevented them from
embracing Islam until the year of the Khandaq which is the 5th year after Hijrah

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The second pledge of Aqabah- The war pledge:
The next year, thirteenth of Prophethood, June 622 A.D., during the pilgrimage season, over seventy
converts from Madinah came in the trail of their polytheist people to perform the rituals of pilgrimage in Makkah.
The oft-repeated question amongst them was “Isn’t it high time we protect Muhammad instead of leaving him
forsaken, deserted and stumbling in the hillocks of Makkah?” Shortly after arrival, they conducted clandestine
contacts with the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and agreed to meet him secretly at night in mid Tashreeq Days
(the 11th, 12th and 13th days of Dhul Hijja) in a hillock at Al-‘Aqabah, the last year’s meeting place.

One of the leaders of the Ansâr (Helpers), Ka‘b bin Malik Al-Ansari (May Allah be pleased with him),
gave an account of the historic meeting which changed the whole course of the struggle between Islam and
paganism, he said:
We set out for pilgrimage and struck a rendezvous in mid Tashreeq Days. We were accompanied by
a celebrity and a notable of ours called ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin Haram, who was still polytheist. We
disclosed to him our intention of meeting Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and exhorted him to join our ranks
and give up polytheism lest he should serve as wood for Hell in the Hereafter. He promptly embraced Islam and
witnessed the serious meeting at Al-‘Aqabah.

That very night we slept with our people in our camps. After a third of the night had elapsed, we began to leave
stealthily and met in a hillock nearby. We were seventy three men and two women Nusaibah bint Ka‘b from
the Najjars and Asma’ bint ‘Amr from Bani Salamah. We waited for the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon
him) until he came in the company of his uncle Al-‘Abbas bin ‘Abdul Muttalib who (though himself not a
Muslim), adjured us not to draw his nephew away from the protection of his own kindred unless we were fully
prepared to defend him even at the risk of our lives. He was the first to speak:
“O you people of the Khazraj — the Arabs used to call the Ansâr (Helpers) Khazraj, whether from
Khazraj or Aws — you all know the position that Muhammad holds among us. We have protected him from our
people as much as we could. He is honoured and respected among his people. He refuses to join any party
except you. So if you think you can carry out what you promise while inviting him to your town, and if you can
defend him against the enemies, then assume the burden that you have taken. But if you are going to
surrender him and betray him after having taken him away with you, you had better leave him now because he
is respected and well defended in his own place.”

Ka‘b replied: “We have heard your words, and now O Messenger of Allâh, it is for you to speak and take from
us any pledge that you want regarding your Lord and yourself.”
The Messenger of Allâh then preached the Faith, and the pledge was taken. Al-Imam Ahmad, on the
authority of Jabir, gave the following details:

The Ansâr (Helpers) asked the Messenger of Allâh about the principles over which they would take a pledge.
The Prophet answered: 126/404Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar)

1. To listen and obey in all sets of circumstances.

2. To spend in plenty as well as in scarcity.
3. To enjoin good and forbid evil.
4. In Allâh’s service, you will fear the censure of none.
5. To defend me in case I seek your help, and debar me from anything you debar yourself, your spouses and
children from. And if you observe those precepts, Paradise is in store for you.

In another version narrated by Ka‘b, he said:

The Prophet (Peace be upon him) began to speak, recited some Qur’ânic verses, called people unto Allâh,
exhorted them to enter the fold of Islam and concluded saying: “I give you my pledge that you debar me from
whatever you debar your women and children from.” Here Al-Bara’ bin Ma‘rur, caught him by hand, and said:
“Oh yes, we swear by Allâh, Who sent you as a Prophet in Truth, that we will debar you from whatever we
debar our women from. Have confidence in us, O Messenger of
Allâh. By Allâh, we are genuine fighters and quite reliable in war, it is a trait passed down to us from our
ancestors.”

Then ‘Abul Haitham At-Taihan interrupted and said: “O Prophet of Allâh! Between us and the Jews,

69
there are agreements which we would then s ever. If Allâh grants you power and victory, should we expect that
you would not leave us, and join the ranks of your people (meaning Quraish)?” The Prophet (Peace be upon
him) smiled and replied:
“Nay, it would never be; your blood will be my blood. In life and death I will be with you and you with me. I will
fight whom you fight and I will make peace with those with whom you make peace.”

After the negotiations concerning the conditions of allegiance had ended, and all of the audiencewere
unanimously agreed to ratify it, two men of the early generation of converts who had embraced Islam in the
eleventh and twelfth years rose to their feet to apprise the(127/404Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum) (The Sealed
Nectar)others of the serious step they were about to take so that they could give their pledge fully aware of the
whole affair and consequently be ready for the sacrifice they were expected to make. Al ‘Abbas bin Ubada bin
Nadlah, in this context, remarked: “O you people of Khazraj! Do you know the significance of the pact that you
are entering into with this man? You are in fact avowing that you will fight against all and sundry. If you fear that
your property will be at stake or the lives of your nobles will be endangered, then leave him now, because if you
do this after the pledge, it will be degrading for y ou both in this world and the world to come. But if you think
that you can carry out what you are called upon to do in spite of the loss of precious lives and property, then
undertake this heavy responsibility, and I swear by Allâh, that herein lies the good of this world and that of the
next.” They replied, “We have already considered the loss of property and the murder of our notables, yet we
pay him allegiance. But what is our reward if we observe all the items of this pact?”

The Prophet replied: “Paradise is in store for you.” Then they asked him to stretch out his hand, and they all
stretched out their hands and took the pledge. Only at that time did As‘ad bin Zurarah come to realize the
people’s readiness for sacrifice in the cause of Allâh.

On the authority of Jabir, who said: “When we started to pay allegiance to the Prophet (Peace be upon him) ,
As‘ad bin Zurarah stood up and gave the following short address: “Take it easy people of Yathrib! We have not
covered that long distance except because we have had deep belief that he (Muhammad (Peace be upon
him) ) is the Messenger of Allâh. We are already convinced that following him entails departure from the pagan
Arabs even if it were at the risk of our life. Should you preserve in this course, holdfast to it, and your great
reward is placed in the Hand of Allâh, but if you are caught in fear, I admonish you to give it up just now, and
then you would be more excusable by Allâh.”

With respect to the two women, the pledge was taken orally for the Prophet (Peace be upon him) had never
shaken hands with a strange lady.

The Prophet (Peace be upon him) then asked the group to appoint twelve deputies to preach Islam to
their people in Madinah, to shoulder the responsibility of implementing the articles of this pledge and to guide
the respective men of their own tribes in matters relating to the propagation of Islam.

The deputies elected were nine from Al-Khazraj: As‘ad bin Zurarah bin ‘Ads, Sa‘d bin Ar-Rabi‘ bin ‘Amr,
‘Abdullah bin Rawahah bin Tha‘labah, Rafi‘ bin Malik bin Al-‘Ajlan, Al-Bara’ bin Ma‘rur bin Sakhr, ‘Abdullah bin
‘Amr bin128/404Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar)Haram, ‘Ubadah bin As-Samit bin Qais, Sa‘d bin
‘Ubadah bin Dulaim and Al-Mundhir bin ‘Amr bin Khunais.
Three others were from Al-Aws: Usaid bin Hudair bin Sammak, Sa‘d bin Khaithamah bin Al-Harith and Rifa‘a
bin ‘Abdul Mundhir bin Zubair.
Once again, those twelve men were sworn to act as surety over the affairs of their people just as the Christ’s
disciples did, and the Prophet would act as surety over his people, meaning all the Muslims.

Somehow or other, the news of these secret desert meetings with the Madinese leaked out. The Prophet
immediately knew that it was a certain pudgy ugly devil, inhabited in Al-‘Aqabah, who discovered their meeting,
and he threatened to settle his account with him as soon as possible.
On hearing this, Al-‘Abbas bin Nadlah said “By Allâh, Who has sent you in Truth, we are powerful enough to
put the people of Mina (the Quraishites) to our swords tomorrow, if you desire.” The Prophet (Peace be upon
him) said “We have not been commanded to follow that course. Now, back to your camps.” They went
back to sleep till morning.

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 No sooner did Quraish hear of this treaty than a kind of trouble-provoking tumult began to mushroom in all
directions. They realized quite fully that an allegiance of this sort is bound to produce far-reaching ramifications
of direct impact on their lives and wealth. The following day, a large delegation comprising the leaders and
arch-criminals of Makkah set out for the camp of the Madinese to protest severely against the treaty. They
addressed the Madinese: “O people of Khazraj, it transpired to us that you have come here to conclude a treaty
with this man (Muhammad) and evacuate him out of Makkah. By Allâh, we do really hold in abhorrence any sort
of fight between you and us.”

The Madinese polytheists having known nothing about the secretly taken pledge, began to swear by Allâh and
answered in good faith that there was no truth in the report. ‘Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul, a Madinese polytheist,
refuted their allegations denouncing them as null and void, claiming that his people would never initiate
anything unless he gave them clear orders.

The Madinese Muslims, however, remained silent neither negating nor confirming. The Quraishite leaders
seemed to be almost convinced by the arguments presented by the polytheists, and went back home
frustrated.
However, they did not fully acquiesce in the words they heard. They began to scrutinize the smallest details,
and trace the minutest news till it129/404Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar)was established beyond
a shadow of doubt that the pact did take place, but that was after the Madinese pilgrims had left Makkah. In a fit
of rage, they pursued the pilgrims but did not succeed in catching hold of anyone except Sa‘d bin ‘Ubadah.
They subjected him to unspeakable tortures, but he was later rescued by Al-Mut‘im bin ‘Adi and Harith
bin Harb bin Omaiya with whom he had trade relations.

25th NOV
THE VANGUARD OF MIGRATION (in the Cause of Allâh)

After the endorsement of the Second ‘Aqabah Pledge and the establishment of a petite Muslim state in a vast
desert surging with disbelief and ignorance — the most serious gain in terms of Islam —, the Prophet (Peace be
upon him) gave his leave for the Muslims to migrate to Madinah, the nascent Muslim state.

Migration to Madinah, in terms of personal interests, was no more than material waste and sacrifice of wealth,
all in return for personal safety only. Even here, the migrant could not expect full security; he was liable to be
robbed or even killed either at the beginning or end of his departure. The future was foggy, pregnant with
various unpredictable sorts of sorrows and crises.

Bearing all this in mind, the Muslims began to migrate, while the polytheists spared no effort in hindering and
debarring them, knowing beforehand that such a move implied unimaginable threats and unthinkable
destructive dangers to their whole society:

1. The first one to migrate was Abu Salamah, a year before the Great ‘Aqabah Pledge. When he had made up
his mind to leave Makkah, his in-laws, in a desperate attempt to raise obstacles, detained his wife and snatched
his son and dislocated his hand. Umm130/404Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar)Salamah, after the
departure of her husband and the loss of her son spent a year by herself weeping and lamenting. A relative of
hers eventually had pity on her and exhorted the others to release her son and let her join her husband. She then
set out on a journey of 500 kilometres with no help whatsoever. At a spot called At-Tan‘im, ‘Uthman bin
Talhah came across her and offered to give her a ride to Madinah. She, along with her son, joined Abu Salamah
in the village of Quba’, a suburb of Madinah.

2. Another instance of the atrocities of the polytheist Makkans, as regards migration, is Suhaib. This man
expressed his wish to migrate and of course this was a source of indignation to the disbelievers. They began to
insult him claiming that he had come into Makkah as a worthless tramp, but their town was gracious enough
and thanks to them he managed to make a lot of money and become wealthy. They gave orders that he would

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not leave. Seeing this, he offered to give away all his wealth to them. They eventually agreed to release him on
that condition. The Prophet heard this story and commented on it saying: “Suhaib is the winner, after all.”
There is a verse in the Qura’an relating to this

{And there is a type of man who gives his life to earn the pleasure of God. And God is full of kindness to
His servants.} (Al-Baqarah 2:207)

Almost all the followers of the Prophet (PBUH) had emigrated except Ali, Abu Bakr (RA) and himself. The
preparations were made for migration, but he was waiting for permission from Allah.

There is a hadith about a dream about the Prophet (PBUH) seeing the land of migration.

It was narrated from Abu Musa that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I saw in a dream that
I was emigrating from Makkah to a land in which there are date palms, and I thought that it was Al-Yamamah
or Hajar, but it turned out to be Madinah, Yathrib.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Al-Bukhari also narrated on the authority of `A’ishah that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to
the Muslims: “I have been shown the land to which you will immigrate: it has palm trees between two lava
fields, two stony tracts.” So, some people immigrated to Madinah, and most of those people who had
previously immigrated to the land of Ethiopia, returned to Madinah.

In anticipation of the Command of Allâh, Abu Bakr had made preparations for the journey. He had purchased
two swift camels and had fed them properly for four months so that they could successively stand the ordeals of
the long desert journey. (fed the Leaves of As Sammar tree)

Narrated 'Aisha: IMPORATANT HADITH ABOUT MIGRATION OF ABU BAKR RA AND THE
PROPHET PBUH
(the wife of the Prophet) I never remembered my parents believing in any religion other than the true
religion (i.e. Islam), and (I don't remember) a single day passing without our being visited by Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were put to test (i.e. troubled by the
pagans), Abu Bakr set out migrating to the land of Ethiopia, and when he reached Bark-al-Ghimad, Ibn
Ad-Daghina, the chief of the tribe of Qara, met him and said, "O Abu Bakr! Where are you going?" Abu
Bakr replied, "My people have turned me out (of my country), so I want to wander on the earth and
worship my Lord." Ibn Ad-Daghina said, "O Abu Bakr! A man like you should not leave his home-land, nor
should he be driven out, because you help the destitute, earn their livings, and you keep good relations
with your Kith and kin, help the weak and poor, entertain guests generously, and help the calamity-
stricken persons. Therefore I am your protector. Go back and worship your Lord in your town."
So Abu Bakr returned and Ibn Ad-Daghina accompanied him. In the evening Ibn Ad-Daghina visited the
nobles of Quraish and said to them. "A man like Abu Bakr should not leave his homeland, nor should he
be driven out. Do you (i.e. Quraish) drive out a man who helps the destitute, earns their living, keeps good
relations with his Kith and kin, helps the weak and poor, entertains guests generously and helps the
calamity-stricken persons?" So the people of Quraish could not refuse Ibn Ad-Daghina's protection, and
they said to Ibn Ad-Daghina, "Let Abu Bakr worship his Lord in his house. He can pray and recite there
whatever he likes, but he should not hurt us with it, and should not do it publicly, because we are afraid
that he may affect our women and children." Ibn Ad-Daghina told Abu Bakr of all that. Abu Bakr stayed in
that state, worshipping his Lord in his house. He did not pray publicly, nor did he recite Quran outside his
house.
Then a thought occurred to Abu Bakr to build a mosque in front of his house, and there he used to pray
and recite the Quran. The women and children of the pagans began to gather around him in great
number. They used to wonder at him and look at him. Abu Bakr was a man who used to weep too much,
and he could not help weeping on reciting the Quran. That situation scared the nobles of the pagans of
Quraish, so they sent for Ibn Ad-Daghina. When he came to them, they said, "We accepted your
protection of Abu Bakr on condition that he should worship his Lord in his house, but he has violated the
conditions and he has built a mosque in front of his house where he prays and recites the Quran publicly.

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We are now afraid that he may affect our women and children unfavorably. So, prevent him from that. If
he likes to confine the worship of his Lord to his house, he may do so, but if he insists on doing that
openly, ask him to release you from your obligation to protect him, for we dislike to break our pact with
you, but we deny Abu Bakr the right to announce his act publicly." Ibn Ad-Daghina went to Abu- Bakr and
said, ("O Abu Bakr!) You know well what contract I have made on your behalf; now, you are either to
abide by it, or else release me from my obligation of protecting you, because I do not want the 'Arabs hear
that my people have dishonored a contract I have made on behalf of another man." Abu Bakr replied, "I
release you from your pact to protect me, and am pleased with the protection from Allah."
At that time the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was in Mecca, and he said to the Muslims, "In a dream I have been shown
your migration place, a land of date palm trees, between two mountains, the two stony tracts." So, some
people migrated to Medina, and most of those people who had previously migrated to the land of Ethiopia,
returned to Medina. Abu Bakr also prepared to leave for Medina, but Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said to him,
"Wait for a while, because I hope that I will be allowed to migrate also." Abu Bakr said, "Do you indeed
expect this? Let my father be sacrificed for you!" The Prophet ( ‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Yes." So Abu Bakr did not
migrate for the sake of Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬in order to accompany him. He fed two she-camels he
possessed with the leaves of As-Samur tree that fell on being struck by a stick for four months.
One day, while we were sitting in Abu Bakr's house at noon, someone said to Abu Bakr, "This is Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬with his head covered coming at a time at which he never used to visit us before." Abu
Bakr said, "May my parents be sacrificed for him. By Allah, he has not come at this hour except for a great
necessity." So Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬came and asked permission to enter, and he was allowed to enter.
When he entered, he said to Abu Bakr. "Tell everyone who is present with you to go away." Abu Bakr
replied, "There are none but your family. May my father be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger ( ‫"!)ﷺ‬
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "i have been given permission to migrate." Abu Bakr said, "Shall I accompany you?
May my father be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger (‫ "!)ﷺ‬Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Yes." Abu
Bakr said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬May my father be sacrificed for you, take one of these two she-
camels of mine." Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬replied, "(I will accept it) with payment." So we prepared the
baggage quickly and put some journey food in a leather bag for them. Asma, Abu Bakr's daughter, cut a
piece from her waist belt and tied the mouth of the leather bag with it, and for that reason she was named
Dhat-un-Nitaqain (i.e. the owner of two belts).
Then Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu Bakr reached a cave on the mountain of Thaur and stayed there for
three nights. 'Abdullah bin Abi Bakr who was intelligent and a sagacious youth, used to stay (with them)
aver night. He used to leave them before day break so that in the morning he would be with Quraish as if
he had spent the night in Mecca. He would keep in mind any plot made against them, and when it became
dark he would (go and) inform them of it. 'Amir bin Fuhaira, the freed slave of Abu Bakr, used to bring the
milch sheep (of his master, Abu Bakr) to them a little while after nightfall in order to rest the sheep there.
So they always had fresh milk at night, the milk of their sheep, and the milk which they warmed by
throwing heated stones in it. 'Amir bin Fuhaira would then call the herd away when it was still dark (before
daybreak). He did the same in each of those three nights. Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu Bakr had hired
a man from the tribe of Bani Ad-Dail from the family of Bani Abd bin Adi as an expert guide, and he was in
alliance with the family of Al-'As bin Wail As-Sahmi and he was on the religion of the infidels of Quraish.
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu Bakr trusted him and gave him their two she-camels and took his promise to
bring their two she camels to the cave of the mountain of Thaur in the morning after three nights later. And
(when they set out), 'Amir bin Fuhaira and the guide went along with them and the guide led them along
the sea-shore.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3905

IN AN-NADWAH (COUNCIL) HOUSE THE PARLIAMENT OF QURAISH

The polytheists were paralysed by the carefully planned and speedy movement of Muhammad’s followers
towards their new abode in Madinah. They were caught in unprecedented anxiety and got deeply worried over
their whole pagan and economic entity.

They already experienced Muhammad (Peace be upon him) as an influential leader; and his followers as
determined, decent and always ready to sacrifice all they had for the sake of the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be
upon him).

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 Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj tribes, the would-be-hosts of the Makkan Muslims, were also known in Arabia for
their might and power in war, and judicious and sensible approach in peace. It commanded the commercial
routes leading to Makkah whose people used to deal in about a quarter of a million gold dinar-worth
commodities every year.

Security of the caravan routes was crucial for the perpetuity of prosperous economic life. All those factors
borne in mind, the polytheists felt they were in the grip of a serious threat. They, therefore, began to seek the
most effective method that could avert this imminent danger.

They convened a meeting on Thursday, 26th Safar, the year fourteen of Prophethood / 12th September 622
A.D., i.e. two and a half months after the Great ‘Aqabah Pledge. It was actually the 13th year of
Prophethood.

On that day, “the Parliament of Makkah” held the most serious meeting ever, with one item on the agenda:
How to take effective measures with a view to stopping that tidal wave.

WEAK HADITH

There was a lengthy debate and several proposals were put forward. Expulsion from Makkah proposed and
debated in turn but finally turned down on grounds that his sweet and heart-touching words could entice the
other Arabs to attack them in their own city. Imprisonment for life was also debated but also refused for fear
that his followers might increase in number, overpower them and release him by force. At this point, the arch-
criminal of Makkah, Abu Jahl bin Hisham suggested that they assassinate him. But assassination by one man
would have exposed him and his family to the vengeance of blood. The difficulty was at last solved by Abu
Jahl himself, who suggested that a band of young men, one from each tribe, should strike Muhammad
simultaneously with their swords so that the blood-money would be spread over them all and therefore could
not be exacted, and his people would seek a mind-based recourse for settlement. The sinful proposal was
unanimously accepted, and the representatives broke up the meeting and went back home with full
determination for immediate implementation.

MIGRATION OF THE PROPHET (Peace be upon him) :

When the iniquitous decision had been made, Gabriel was sent down to Muhammad (Peace be upon him) to
reveal to him Quraish’s plot and give him his Lord’s Permission to leave Makkah. He fixed to him the time of
migration and asked him not to sleep that night in his usual bed. At noon, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) went
to see his Companion Abu Bakr and arranged with him everything for the intended migration. Abu Bakr was
surprised to see the Prophet (Peace be upon him) masked coming to visit him at that unusual time, but he soon
learned that Allâh’s Command had arrived, and he proposed that they should migrate together, to which the
Prophet (Peace be upon him) gave his consent.

Hadith 3905 of Sahih Al Bukhari which is typed above gives the entire details of the emigration of the
Prophet (PBUH)

The event where Ali RA slept in the bed of the Prophet (PBUH) is not in an authentic hadith.

Knowing already that Quraish would mobilize all its potentials to find him, he
played a clever trick on them and instead of taking the road to Madinah in north
side of Makkah as the polythiest would expect, he walked along a road least
expected lying south of Makkah and leading to Yemen. He walked for 5 miles
until he reached a rough rocky mountain called Thawr.

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Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him)135/404Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The
Sealed Nectar)carried him up the mountain to a cave called after the name of
the mountain, Cave Thawr.

NOT AUTHENTIC HADITH Abu Bakr first entered to explore the cave and be
sure that it was safe, closed all holes with pieces torn off from his clothes,
cleaned it and then asked the Prophet (Peace be upon him) to step in. The
Prophet (Peace be upon him) went in and immediately laid his head in Abu
Bakr’s lap and fell asleep. Suddenly Abu Bakr’s foot was stung by a poisonous
insect. It hurt so much that his tears fell on the Prophet’s face. The Prophet
(Peace be upon him) immediately applied his saliva on Abu Bakr’s foot and the
pain went off on the spot.

They confined themselves to this cave for three nights, Friday, Saturday and
Sunday. ‘Abdullah, the son of Abu Bakr would go to see them after dusk, stay
the night there, apprise them of the latest situation in Makkah, and then leave
in the early morning to mix with the Makkans as usual and not to draw the least
attention to his clandestine activities. ‘Amir bin Fuhairah, while in the
company of other shepherds of Makkah tending his master Abu Bakr’s flock,
used to stole away unobserved every evening with a few goats to the cave and
furnished its inmates with a plentiful supply of milk.

This incident is mentioned in the hadith above Sahih al Bukhari 3905

and Sahih al-Bukhari 2297

The notables of Makkah convened an emergency session to determine the future

course of action and explore all areas that could help arrest the two men. They
decided to block all avenues leading out of Makkah and imposed heavy armed
surveillance over all potential exits. A price of 100 camels was set upon the head
of each one. Horsemen, infantry and tracers of tracks scoured the country. Once
they even reached the mouth of the cave where the Prophet (Peace be upon
him) and Abu Bakr were hiding. When he saw the enemy at a very close
distance, Abu Bakr whispered to the Prophet (Peace be upon him): “What, if
they were to look through the crevice and detect us?” The Prophet (Peace be
upon him) in his God-inspired calm replied:

“Silence Abu Bakr! What do you think of those two with whom the Third is
Allâh.” It was really a Divine miracle, the chasers were only a few steps from the
cave.

Narrated Abu Bakr:

I was with the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in the Cave. When I raised my head, I saw the feet of the people. I said, "O
Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬If some of them should look down, they will see us." The Prophet ( ‫ )ﷺ‬said, "O
Abu Bakr, be quiet! (For we are) two and Allah is the Third of us."
Sahih al-Bukhari 3922
This hadith indicates tawakkul/full reliance on Allah SWT.
And it indicates the merits of Abu Bakr RA. He was not afraid for himself but the Prophet (PBUH).
And that one should flee for his religion.
One should protect himself and his religion.

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For three days Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr lived in the cave.

Someone called ‘Abdullah bin Uraiquit, from Bani Abd ibn Adiyy who had as yet
not embraced Islam, but was trusted by Abu Bakr, and had been hired by him as
a guide, reached the cave after three nights according to a plan bringing with
him Abu Bakr’s two camels. His report satisfied the noble ‘fugitives’ that the
search had slackened. The opportunity to depart was come.

Here Abu Bakr offered the Prophet (Peace be upon him) the swift animal to ride
on. The latter agreed provided that he would pay its price. They took with them
the food provisions that Asma’, daughter of Abu Bakr, brought and tied in a
bundle of her waistband, after tearing it into two parts, hence the appellation
attached to her: “Asma’ of the two waistbands.” The Prophet (Peace be upon
him), Abu Bakr and ‘Amir bin Fuhairah departed, and their guide ‘Abdullah bin
Uraiquit led them on hardly ever trodden ways along the coastal route.

That was in Rabi‘ Al-Awwal, 1st year A.H., i.e. September 622 A.D. The little
caravan travelled through many villages on their way to Quba’. In this context, it
is relevant to introduce some interesting incidents that featured their wearying
journey:

1. One day they could find no shelter from the scorching heat so Abu Bakr (May
Allah be pleased with him) cast a glance and found a little shade beside a rock.
He cleaned the ground, spread his mantle for the Prophet(Peace be upon him)
to lie on and himself went off in search of food. He came across a shepherd, a
bedouin boy, who was also seeking a shelter. Abu Bakr asked him for some milk
and took it to the Prophet (Peace be upon him), cooled it with some water and
waited till the Prophet (Peace be upon him) woke up and quenched his thirst.
Bukhari 3615, Muslim 2009

2. Whoever asked Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) about the identity
of his honourable companion, he would reply that he was a man who guided him
on his way. The questioner would think that Muhammad (Peace be upon him)
was a guide, in terms of roads, whereas Abu Bakr used to mean guide to the
way of righteousness. Bukahri 3911

3. The nephew of Suraqa bin Ju'sham said that his father informed him that he
heard Suraqa bin Ju'sham saying, "The messengers of the heathens of Quraish
came to us declaring that they had assigned for the persons why would kill or
arrest Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu Bakr, a reward equal to their
bloodmoney. While I was sitting in one of the gatherings of my tribe. Bani
Mudlij, a man from them came to us and stood up while we were sitting, and
said, "O Suraqa! No doubt, I have just seen some people far away on the
seashore, and I think they are Muhammad and his companions." Suraqa added,
"I too realized that it must have been they. But I said 'No, it is not they, but you
have seen so-and-so, and so-and-so whom we saw set out.' I stayed in the
gathering for a while and then got up and left for my home. and ordered my
slave-girl to get my horse which was behind a hillock, and keep it ready for me.

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Then I took my spear and left by the back door of my house dragging the lower
end of the spear on the ground and keeping it low. Then I reached my horse,
mounted it and made it gallop. When I approached them (i.e. Muhammad and
Abu Bakr), my horse stumbled and I fell down from it, Then I stood up, got hold
of my quiver and took out the divining arrows and drew lots as to whether I
should harm them (i.e. the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu Bakr) or not, and the lot which
I disliked came out. But I remounted my horse and let it gallop, giving no
importance to the divining arrows. When I heard the recitation of the Quran by
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬who did not look hither and thither while Abu Bakr was
doing it often, suddenly the forelegs of my horse sank into the ground up to the
knees, and I fell down from it. Then I rebuked it and it got up but could hardly
take out its forelegs from the ground, and when it stood up straight again, its
fore-legs caused dust to rise up in the sky like smoke. Then again I drew lots
with the divining arrows, and the lot which I disliked, came out. So I called upon
them to feel secure. They stopped, and I remounted my horse and went to them.
When I saw how I had been hampered from harming them, it came to my mind
that the cause of Allah's Messenger (‫( )ﷺ‬i.e. Islam) will become victorious. So I
said to him, "Your people have assigned a reward equal to the bloodmoney for
your head." Then I told them all the plans the people of Mecca had made
concerning them. Then I offered them some journey food and goods but they
refused to take anything and did not ask for anything, but the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Do not tell others about us." Then I requested him to write for me a statement
of security and peace. He ordered 'Amr bin Fuhaira who wrote it for me on a
parchment, and then Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬proceeded on his way. BUKHARI
3906

From this Hadith indicated that the migration of the Prophet (PBUH) was very
difficult and there were miracles.

4. The party continued its journey until it reached to solitary tents belonging to
a woman called Umm Ma‘bad Al-Khuza‘iyah. She was a gracious lady who sat at
her tent-door with a mat spread out for any chance traveller that might pass by
the way. Fatigued and thirsty, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and his
companions wanted to refresh themselves with food and some milk. The lady
told them that the flock was out in the pasture and the goat standing nearby
was almost dry. It was a rainless year. The Prophet (Peace be upon him), with
her permission, touched its udders, reciting over them the Name of Allâh, and to
their great joy, there flowed plenty of milk out of them. The Prophet (Peace be
upon him) first offered that to the lady of the house, and he shared what was left
with the members of the party. Before he left, he milked the goat, filled the
container and gave it to Umm Ma‘bad. Later on, her husband arrived with
slender goats hardly having any milk in their udders. He was astonished to see
milk in the house. His wife told him that a blessed man passed by the way, and
then she gavedetails about his physical appearance and manner of talk. Here
Abu Ma‘bad realized on the spot that the man was the one whom Q uraish were
searching for and asked her to give full description of him. She gave a
wonderful account of his physique and manners, to which we will go in detail
later in the process of talking about his attributes and merits.

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Abu Ma‘bad, after listening to his wife’s account, expressed a sincere wish to
accompany the Prophet (Peace be upon him) whenever that was possible, and
reiterated his admiration in verses of poetry that echoed all over Makkah to
such an extent that the people therein thought it was a jinn inculcating words in
their ears. Asma’, daughter of Abu Bakr, on hearing those lines, got to know
that the two companions were heading for Madinah . The short poem opened
with thanks giving to Allâh having given them (the Ma‘bads) the chance to host
the Prophet (Peace be upon him) for a while. It then gave an account of the bliss
that would settle in the heart of the Prophet’s companion whosoever he was; it
closed with an invitation to all mankind to come and see by themselves Umm
Ma‘bad, her goat and the container of milk that would all testify to the
truthfulness of the Prophet (Peace be upon him). They later embraced Islam.

5. On his way to Madinah , the Prophet (Peace be upon him) met Abu Buraidah,
one of those driven by their lust for the reward of Quraish. No sooner did h e
face the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and talk with him, than he embraced
Islam along with seventy of his men. He took off his turban, tied it round his
lance and took it as a banner bearing witness that the angel of security and
peace had come to imbue the whole world with justice and fairness.

6. The two Emigrants resumed their journey. It was during this time that they
met Az-Zubair at the head of a caravan returning from Syria. There was warm
greeting and Az-Zubair presented to them two white garments which they
thankfully accepted.

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair:

Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬met Az-Zubair in a caravan of Muslim merchants who
were returning from Sham. Az-Zubair provided Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu
Bakr with white clothes to wear. When the Muslims of Medina heard the news
of the departure of Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬from Mecca (towards Medina), they
started going to the Harra every morning . They would wait for him till the heat
of the noon forced them to return. One day, after waiting for a long while, they
returned home, and when they went into their houses, a Jew climbed up the roof
of one of the forts of his people to look for some thing, and he saw Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and his companions dressed in white clothes, emerging out of
the desert mirage.
The Jew could not help shouting at the top of his voice, "O you 'Arabs! Here is
your great man whom you have been waiting for!" So all the Muslims rushed to
their arms and received Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬on the summit of Harra. The
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬turned with them to the right and alighted at the quarters of Bani
'Amr bin 'Auf, and this was on Monday in the month of Rabi-ul-Awal. Abu Bakr
stood up, receiving the people while Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬sat down and kept
silent. Some of the Ansar who came and had not seen Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
before, began greeting Abu Bakr, but when the sunshine fell on Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬and Abu Bakr came forward and shaded him with his sheet only
then the people came to know Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬. Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
stayed with Bani 'Amr bin 'Auf for ten nights and established the mosque

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(mosque of Quba) which was founded on piety. Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬prayed in
it and then mounted his she-camel and proceeded on, accompanied by the
people till his she-camel knelt down at (the place of) the Mosque of Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬at Medina. Some Muslims used to pray there in those days, and
that place was a yard for drying dates belonging to Suhail and Sahl, the orphan
boys who were under the guardianship of 'Asad bin Zurara. When his she-camel
knelt down, Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "This place, Allah willing, will be our
abiding place." Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬then called the two boys and told them to
suggest a price for that yard so that he might take it as a mosque. The two boys
said, "No, but we will give it as a gift, O Allah's Messenger (‫ "!)ﷺ‬Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬then built a mosque there. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬himself started
carrying unburnt bricks for its building and while doing so, he was saying "This
load is better than the load of Khaibar, for it is more pious in the Sight of Allah
and purer and better rewardable." He was also saying, "O Allah! The actual
reward is the reward in the Hereafter, so bestow Your Mercy on the Ansar and
the Emigrants." Thus the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬recited (by way of proverb) the poem of
some Muslim poet whose name is unknown to me.
(Ibn Shibab said, "In the Hadiths it does not occur that Allah's Apostle
recited a complete poetic verse other than this one.")
Sahih AL Bukhari 3906

the Prophet (Peace be upon him), sent for Bani An-Najjar, his maternal uncles,
to come and escort him and Abu Bakr to Madinah . He rode towards the new
headquarters amidst the cordial greetings of his Madinese followers who had
lined his path. He halted at a place in the vale of Banu Salim and there he
performed his Friday prayer w ith a hundred others. Meanwhile the tribes and
families of Madinah , the new name for Yathrib and a short form of ‘The
Messenger’s Madinah (City)’, came streaming forth, and vied with one another
in inviting the noble visitor to their homes. The girls of the Madinese used to
chant beautiful verses of welcome rich in all meanings of obedience and
dutifulness to the new Messenger.

Though not wealthy, every Ansar (Helper) was wholeheartedly eager and
anxious to receive the Messenger in his house. It was indeed a triumphal
procession. Around the camel of Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and his
immediate followers, rode the chiefs of the city in their best raiment and in
glittering armour, everyone saying: “Alight here O Messenger of Allâh, abide by
us.” Muhammad (Peace be upon him) used to answer everyone courteously and
kindly: “This camel is commanded by Allâh, wherever it stops, that will be my
abode.”

The camel moved onward with slackened rein, reached the site of the Prophetic
Mosque and knelt down. He did not dismount until it rose up again, went on
forward, turned back and then returned to kneel down in the very former spot.
Here, he alighted in a quarter inhabited by Banu Najjar, a tribe related to the
Prophet (Peace be upon him) from the maternal side. In fact, it was his wish to
honour his maternal uncles and live among them. The fortunate host, Abu Ayyub
Al-Ansari, stepped forward with unbounded joy for the Divine blessing

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appropriated to him, welcomed the Noble Guest and solicited him to enter his
house.

A few days later, there arrived the Prophet’s spouse Sawdah, his two daughters
Fatimah and Umm

Kulthum, Usama bin Zaid, Umm Aiman, ‘Abdullah — son of Abu Bakr with Abu
Bakr’s house-hold including ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her). Zainab
was not a ble to emigrate and stayed with her husband Abi Al-‘As till Badr
Battle.

Narrated Al-Bara bin Azib:

The first people who came to us (in Medina) were Mus`ab bin `Umar and Ibn
Um Maktum who were teaching Qur'an to the people. Then their came Bilal.
Sa`d and `Ammar bin Yasir. After that `Umar bin Al-Khattab came along with
twenty other companions of the Prophet. Later on the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬himself (to
Medina) and I had never seen the people of Medina so joyful as they were on the
arrival of Allah's Apostle, for even the slave girls were saying, "Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬has arrived!" And before his arrival I had read the Sura starting
with:-- "Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High" (87.1) together with
other Suras of Al-Mufassal (surah 50 to the end of the Quran).
Sahih Al Bukhari 3925

Narrated Asma:
That she conceived `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair. She added, "I migrated to Medina
while I was at full term of pregnancy and alighted at Quba where I gave birth to
him. Then I brought him to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and put him in his lap. The Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬asked for a date, chewed it, and put some of its juice in the child's mouth.
So, the first thing that entered the child's stomach was the saliva of Allah's
Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬. Then the Prophet rubbed the child's palate with a date and
invoked for Allah's Blessings on him, and he was the first child born amongst the
Emigrants in the Islamic Land (i.e. Medina).
Sahih Al Bukhari 3910 and 3909

Narrated `Aisha:
When Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬reached Medina, Abu Bakr and Bilal became ill.
When Abu Bakr's fever got worse, he would recite (this poetic verse):
"Everybody is staying alive with his People, yet Death is nearer to him than His
shoe laces." And Bilal, when his fever deserted him, would recite: "Would that I
could stay overnight in A valley wherein I would be Surrounded by Idhkhir and
Jalil (kinds of goodsmelling grass). Would that one day I could Drink the water
of the Majanna, and Would that (The two mountains) Shama and Tafil would
appear to me!" The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "O Allah! Curse Shaiba bin Rabi`a and
`Utba bin Rabi`a and Umaiya bin Khalaf as they turned us out of our land to the
land of epidemics." Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬then said, "O Allah! Make us love
Medina as we love Mecca or even more than that. O Allah! Give blessings in our
Sa and our Mudd (measures symbolizing food) and make the climate of Medina
suitable for us, and divert its fever towards Aljuhfa."

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 Aisha added: When we reached Medina, it was the most unhealthy of Allah's
lands, and the valley of Bathan (the valley of Medina) used to flow with impure
colored water.
Sahih Al Bukhari 1889

Narrated `Abdullah:
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I saw (in a dream) a black woman with unkempt hair
going out of Medina and settling at Mahai'a, i.e., Al-Juhfa. I interpreted that as a
symbol of epidemic of Medina being transferred to that place (Al-Juhfa).
Sahih al-Bukhari 7038

Note from teacher: During the caliphate of Caliph 'Umar, he started the Muslim calendar counting it from the lunar month,
Muharram, in the year of the Prophet's migration to Medina.

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