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Photogrammetric Mapping Process Overview

The document outlines the photogrammetric mapping process, detailing six key stages: project planning, data acquisition, aerial triangulation, creation of stereo pairs, extraction of digital elevation models, and final product creation. Each stage includes specific tasks and considerations, such as planning flight paths, acquiring imagery, and producing orthoimage maps or line maps based on application needs. Recommended references for further reading are also provided.

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mwoha
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5 views

Photogrammetric Mapping Process Overview

The document outlines the photogrammetric mapping process, detailing six key stages: project planning, data acquisition, aerial triangulation, creation of stereo pairs, extraction of digital elevation models, and final product creation. Each stage includes specific tasks and considerations, such as planning flight paths, acquiring imagery, and producing orthoimage maps or line maps based on application needs. Recommended references for further reading are also provided.

Uploaded by

mwoha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 1.

Overview Of The Photogrammetric Mapping


Process

Ms. Betsy Mugo


Overview of the Process
1. Photogrammetric Project Planning
2. Data Acquisition
3. Photogrammetric extension of the control by Aerial
Triangulation (AT)
4. Creation and viewing of registered (Oriented) stereo pairs
5. Extraction of Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
6. Creation of final product according to the application of
photogrammetric data
1. Photogrammetric Project Planning
o Formulate specifications for acquisition of imagery.
o Plan for direction of flight lines and planimetric positions of exposure
stations (i.e. prepare a flight plan).
o Plan for provision of skeleton ground control.
o Plan for sensors (Camera or High spatial resolution satellite imaging
system) and their configuration during image acquisition.
o Plan for photogrammetric extension of control.
o Plan for the processes for generating the desired photogrammetric
product(s).
2. Data Acquisition
o Carry out ground control survey(s) (using total stations, levels or
GNSS).
o Acquire aerial photographs or high resolution satellite images plus, as
is now the norm, in-flight GNSS and IMU data for determining the
spatial position and attitude of the sensor at each instant of exposure.
o Convert images into digital form (using a scanner), unless the image-
acquiring sensor was digital.
o Assess quality of: Ground control and Imagery
3. Photogrammetric extension of the control by
Aerial Triangulation (AT)
o Measurement and Refinement of image coordinates
o Registration of frames of imagery to ground control by interior
and exterior orientation.
o Weight-constrained least squares adjustment of AT network (by
Independent Models or Bundles).
o Assessment of accuracy of the adjusted AT network.
4. Creation and viewing of registered (Oriented)
stereo pairs.
o Stereoscopic viewing (via image-processing and image-matching)
o Measurement of 3D co-ordinates using floating mark cursor.
5. Extraction of Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

o Automated collection of terrain-point coordinates in a user-


specified ground space grid.
o Generation of the DEM through digital surface modeling.
o Editing the DEM
o Writing the edited DEM to an output file.
6. Creation of final product according to the
application of photogrammetric data.

At this stage the final product depends with the application area for
which the products will be used. These include;
a) Production of orthoimage map.
b) Production of line map
c) Extraction of other products
6a. Production of Orthoimage Map

o Use of DEM to produce an orthoimage from each image frame.


o Interactive measurement of location and elevation to generate
contours.
o Creation of orthoimage mosaic from individual image frames.
o Overlaying orthoimage mosaic with contours and other thematic
data to produce an orthoimage map
6b. Production of a Line Map

o Automated orientation of each stereo pair


o Stereoscopic viewing of the resulting model
o Automated feature extraction from the model
o Compilation of the extractions from all the models to form the
composite map
o Overlaying the feature map with contours and other thematic
data to produce a topographic map.
6c. Extraction of Other Products

o Clear lines of sight for telecommunications infrastructure


design.
o Volumes of earth works for civil and highway engineering
design
o Water catchment area maps for hydrological applications
o Relief maps for Urban storm-water drainage design
o Digital geospatial and thematic data for direct export to GIS
databases.
Recommended References
• Paul R. Wolf, Bon A. Dewitt and Benjamin
E. Wilkinson.:
Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS Fourth
Edition

• Photogrammetry journals

• Internet Sites.

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