Solution a) Compute male and female students by semester and section

sql

SELECT subj.Sem,
SUM(CASE WHEN s.Gender = 'M' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Male_Count,
SUM(CASE WHEN s.Gender = 'F' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Female_Count
FROM STUDENT s
JOIN MARKS m ON s.RegNo = m.RegNo
JOIN SUBJECT subj ON m.Subcode = subj.Subcode
GROUP BY subj.Sem
ORDER BY subj.Sem;

Solution b) Calculate Finalmark and update table

sql
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE calculate_finalmarks IS
BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT RegNo, Subcode, Test1, Test2, Test3 FROM MARKS) LOOP
DECLARE
v_marks NUMBER(5,2);
v_best1 NUMBER;
v_best2 NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Find best two test marks
IF rec.Test1 >= rec.Test2 AND rec.Test1 >= rec.Test3 THEN
v_best1 := rec.Test1;
IF rec.Test2 >= rec.Test3 THEN
v_best2 := rec.Test2;
ELSE
v_best2 := rec.Test3;
END IF;
ELSIF rec.Test2 >= rec.Test1 AND rec.Test2 >= rec.Test3 THEN
v_best1 := rec.Test2;
IF rec.Test1 >= rec.Test3 THEN
v_best2 := rec.Test1;
ELSE
v_best2 := rec.Test3;
END IF;
ELSE
v_best1 := rec.Test3;
IF rec.Test1 >= rec.Test2 THEN
v_best2 := rec.Test1;
ELSE
v_best2 := rec.Test2;
END IF;
END IF;

-- Calculate average of best two

v_marks := (v_best1 + v_best2) / 2;

-- Update the MARKS table

UPDATE MARKS
SET Finalmark = v_marks
WHERE RegNo = rec.RegNo AND Subcode = rec.Subcode;
END;
END LOOP;

COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Final marks calculated and updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
 ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/

-- Execute the procedure

EXEC calculate_finalmarks;

Solution c) Categorize students based on Finalmark

sql

-- Create a view to categorize students

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW STUDENT_CATEGORY AS
SELECT m.RegNo, s.StudName, m.Subcode, subj.Title, m.Finalmark,
CASE
WHEN m.Finalmark BETWEEN 81 AND 100 THEN 'Outstanding'
WHEN m.Finalmark BETWEEN 51 AND 80 THEN 'Average'
WHEN m.Finalmark < 51 THEN 'Weak'
ELSE 'Not Evaluated'
END AS CAT
FROM MARKS m
JOIN STUDENT s ON m.RegNo = s.RegNo
JOIN SUBJECT subj ON m.Subcode = subj.Subcode;

-- Query to show the categorization

SELECT * FROM STUDENT_CATEGORY ORDER BY RegNo, Subcode;

Solution d) Create a view of Test3 marks for a particular student

sql

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW STUDENT_TEST3_MARKS AS

SELECT s.RegNo, s.StudName, m.Subcode, subj.Title, m.Test3
FROM STUDENT s
JOIN MARKS m ON s.RegNo = m.RegNo
JOIN SUBJECT subj ON m.Subcode = subj.Subcode
WHERE s.RegNo = 'S001'; -- Example for student S001

Solution e) Demonstrate a procedure for the College Database

sql
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_student_performance(p_regno VARCHAR2) IS
v_student_name STUDENT.StudName%TYPE;
v_count NUMBER := 0;
v_total_marks NUMBER := 0;
v_avg_mark NUMBER(5,2);
v_outstanding NUMBER := 0;
v_average NUMBER := 0;
v_weak NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
-- Get student name
SELECT StudName INTO v_student_name
FROM STUDENT
WHERE RegNo = p_regno;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Performance Report for: ' || v_student_name || ' (' || p_regno || ')'

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-------------------------------------------');

-- Print subject-wise performance

FOR rec IN (
SELECT m.Subcode, subj.Title, m.Finalmark,
CASE
WHEN m.Finalmark BETWEEN 81 AND 100 THEN 'Outstanding'
WHEN m.Finalmark BETWEEN 51 AND 80 THEN 'Average'
WHEN m.Finalmark < 51 THEN 'Weak'
ELSE 'Not Evaluated'
END AS Category
FROM MARKS m
JOIN SUBJECT subj ON m.Subcode = subj.Subcode
WHERE m.RegNo = p_regno
) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(rec.Subcode || ' - ' || rec.Title || ': ' ||
rec.Finalmark || ' (' || rec.Category || ')');

v_count := v_count + 1;
v_total_marks := v_total_marks + NVL(rec.Finalmark, 0);

IF rec.Category = 'Outstanding' THEN

v_outstanding := v_outstanding + 1;
ELSIF rec.Category = 'Average' THEN
v_average := v_average + 1;
ELSIF rec.Category = 'Weak' THEN
v_weak := v_weak + 1;
END IF;
END LOOP;

-- Calculate average mark

 IF v_count > 0 THEN
v_avg_mark := v_total_marks / v_count;
ELSE
v_avg_mark := 0;
END IF;

-- Print summary
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-------------------------------------------');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Summary:');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Average Mark: ' || v_avg_mark);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Subjects with Outstanding performance: ' || v_outstanding);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Subjects with Average performance: ' || v_average);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Subjects with Weak performance: ' || v_weak);

EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Student with RegNo ' || p_regno || ' not found.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/

-- Execute the procedure

EXEC get_student_performance('S001');

8. Bank Table

Table Creation

sql

CREATE TABLE Bank (

S_No NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Cust_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Acc_No VARCHAR2(20) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
Balance NUMBER(12,2),
Branch VARCHAR2(50)
);

-- Insert sample data

INSERT INTO Bank VALUES (1, 'John Smith', 'ACC001', 5000.50, 'Main Branch');
INSERT INTO Bank VALUES (2, 'Jane Doe', 'ACC002', 800.75, 'Downtown');
INSERT INTO Bank VALUES (3, 'Robert Johnson', 'ACC003', 12500.25, 'Main Branch');
INSERT INTO Bank VALUES (4, 'Alice Williams', 'ACC004', 950.50, 'West End');
INSERT INTO Bank VALUES (5, 'David Brown', 'ACC005', 25000.00, 'East Side');
Solution a) Select with where clause

sql

SELECT * FROM Bank WHERE Branch = 'Main Branch';

Solution b) Select with comparison operator

sql

SELECT Cust_Name, Acc_No, Balance FROM Bank WHERE Balance > 1000;

Solution c) Update balance in second row

sql

UPDATE Bank SET Balance = 1000.00 WHERE S_No = 2;

Solution d) Select with between in the field balance

sql

SELECT * FROM Bank WHERE Balance BETWEEN 1000 AND 10000;

Solution e) Trigger when balance is below 1000

sql

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER low_balance_trigger

BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OF Balance ON Bank
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.Balance < 1000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('WARNING: Account ' || :NEW.Acc_No ||
' balance is below the minimum threshold of 1000');
-- Could also send notification, update another table, etc.
END IF;
END;
/

-- Test the trigger

UPDATE Bank SET Balance = 750 WHERE S_No = 3;

9. Account Table

Table Creation
 sql

CREATE TABLE Account (

Account_No VARCHAR2(20) PRIMARY KEY,
Cust_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Branch_Name VARCHAR2(50),
Account_Balance NUMBER(12,2),
Account_Type VARCHAR2(20) CHECK (Account_Type IN ('Savings', 'Current', 'Fixed'))
);

-- Insert sample data

INSERT INTO Account VALUES ('ACC001', 'John Smith', 'Main Branch', 5000.50, 'Savings');
INSERT INTO Account VALUES ('ACC002', 'Jane Doe', 'Downtown', 15000.75, 'Current');
INSERT INTO Account VALUES ('ACC003', 'Robert Johnson', 'Main Branch', 12500.25, 'Savings');
INSERT INTO Account VALUES ('ACC004', 'Alice Williams', 'West End', 950.50, 'Savings');
INSERT INTO Account VALUES ('ACC005', 'David Brown', 'East Side', 25000.00, 'Fixed');

Solution a) Display customers of specific branch

sql

SELECT Cust_Name, Account_No

FROM Account
WHERE Branch_Name = 'Main Branch';

Solution b) Display customers with balance > 10000

sql

SELECT Cust_Name, Account_Type

FROM Account
WHERE Account_Balance > 10000;

Solution c) Add DOB column

sql

ALTER TABLE Account ADD Cust_Date_of_Birth DATE;

-- Update with sample data

UPDATE Account SET Cust_Date_of_Birth = TO_DATE('15-JAN-1980', 'DD-MON-YYYY') WHERE Account_No
UPDATE Account SET Cust_Date_of_Birth = TO_DATE('22-MAR-1985', 'DD-MON-YYYY') WHERE Account_No
UPDATE Account SET Cust_Date_of_Birth = TO_DATE('10-SEP-1990', 'DD-MON-YYYY') WHERE Account_No
UPDATE Account SET Cust_Date_of_Birth = TO_DATE('05-DEC-1975', 'DD-MON-YYYY') WHERE Account_No
UPDATE Account SET Cust_Date_of_Birth = TO_DATE('18-JUL-1982', 'DD-MON-YYYY') WHERE Account_No

 
Solution d) Display customers with balance < 1000

sql

SELECT Account_No, Cust_Name, Branch_Name

FROM Account
WHERE Account_Balance < 1000;

Solution e) Procedure for Account Database

sql
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE account_summary(p_branch_name VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Account Summary for Branch: ' || p_branch_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('----------------------------------------------');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Account Type | Count | Total Balance | Average Balance');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('----------------------------------------------');

FOR rec IN (
SELECT Account_Type,
COUNT(*) as Acct_Count,
SUM(Account_Balance) as Total_Balance,
ROUND(AVG(Account_Balance), 2) as Avg_Balance
FROM Account
WHERE Branch_Name = p_branch_name
GROUP BY Account_Type
) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(RPAD(rec.Account_Type, 12) || ' | ' ||
LPAD(TO_CHAR(rec.Acct_Count), 5) || ' | ' ||
LPAD(TO_CHAR(rec.Total_Balance, '999,999.99'), 13) || ' | ' ||
LPAD(TO_CHAR(rec.Avg_Balance, '999,999.99'), 14));
END LOOP;

-- Show branch total

DECLARE
v_total_accts NUMBER;
v_total_bal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*), SUM(Account_Balance)
INTO v_total_accts, v_total_bal
FROM Account
WHERE Branch_Name = p_branch_name;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('----------------------------------------------');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TOTAL | ' ||
LPAD(TO_CHAR(v_total_accts), 5) || ' | ' ||
LPAD(TO_CHAR(v_total_bal, '999,999.99'), 13) || ' | ');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No accounts found for branch: ' || p_branch_name);
END;

EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for branch: ' || p_branch_name);
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
 END;
/

-- Execute the procedure

EXEC account_summary('Main Branch');

10. Customer and Order System

Table Creation

sql

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER (

C_ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Address VARCHAR2(200),
City VARCHAR2(50),
Mobile_No VARCHAR2(20)
);

CREATE TABLE "ORDER" (

C_ID NUMBER,
P_ID NUMBER,
P_Name VARCHAR2(100),
P_COST NUMBER(10,2),
PRIMARY KEY (C_ID, P_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (C_ID) REFERENCES CUSTOMER(C_ID)
);

-- Insert sample data

INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (1, 'John Smith', '123 Main St', 'New York', '555-1234');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (2, 'Jane Doe', '456 Oak Ave', 'Chicago', '555-5678');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (3, 'Robert Johnson', '789 Pine Blvd', 'Los Angeles', '555-9012');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (4, 'Alice Williams', '321 Elm St', 'Delhi', '555-3456');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (5, 'David Brown', '654 Maple Dr', 'Delhi', '555-7890');

INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (1, 101, 'Laptop', 1200.00);

INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (1, 102, 'Printer', 350.00);
INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (2, 103, 'Smartphone', 800.00);
INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (3, 104, 'Tablet', 600.00);
INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (4, 105, 'Monitor', 450.00);
INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (4, 106, 'Keyboard', 80.00);
INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (5, 107, 'External Hard Drive', 120.00);
INSERT INTO "ORDER" VALUES (5, 108, 'Gaming Console', 550.00);

 

Solution a) List customers who ordered products > 500

 sql

SELECT DISTINCT c.Name, c.Address

FROM CUSTOMER c
JOIN "ORDER" o ON c.C_ID = o.C_ID
WHERE o.P_COST > 500
ORDER BY c.Name;

Solution b) List products with cost >= 1000

sql

SELECT P_Name
FROM "ORDER"
WHERE P_COST >= 1000
ORDER BY P_Name;

Solution c) List products ordered by customers from Delhi

sql

SELECT o.P_Name
FROM "ORDER" o
JOIN CUSTOMER c ON o.C_ID = c.C_ID
WHERE c.City = 'Delhi'
ORDER BY o.P_Name;

Solution d) Add Email_id column

sql

ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER ADD Email_id VARCHAR2(100);

-- Update with sample data

UPDATE CUSTOMER SET Email_id = '[email protected]' WHERE C_ID = 1;
UPDATE CUSTOMER SET Email_id = '[email protected]' WHERE C_ID = 2;
UPDATE CUSTOMER SET Email_id = '[email protected]' WHERE C_ID = 3;
UPDATE CUSTOMER SET Email_id = '[email protected]' WHERE C_ID = 4;
UPDATE CUSTOMER SET Email_id = '[email protected]' WHERE C_ID = 5;

Solution e) User defined function

 sql

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_customer_order_total(p_cid NUMBER)

RETURN NUMBER IS
v_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT NVL(SUM(P_COST), 0)
INTO v_total
FROM "ORDER"
WHERE C_ID = p_cid;

RETURN v_total;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN 0;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
RETURN -1;
END;
/

-- Test the function

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
v_cid NUMBER := 1;
v_name CUSTOMER.Name%TYPE;
v_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT Name INTO v_name FROM CUSTOMER WHERE C_ID = v_cid;
v_total := get_customer_order_total(v_cid);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer: ' || v_name);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total order value: $' || v_total);
END;
/

11. Salesman Database

Table Creation
sql
CREATE TABLE SALESMAN (
Salesman_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
City VARCHAR2(50),
Commission NUMBER(5,2) CHECK (Commission BETWEEN 0 AND 100)
);

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER (

Customer_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Cust_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
City VARCHAR2(50),
Grade NUMBER(3),
Salesman_id NUMBER,
FOREIGN KEY (Salesman_id) REFERENCES SALESMAN(Salesman_id) ON DELETE SET NULL
);

CREATE TABLE ORDERS (

Ord_No NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Purchase_Amt NUMBER(10,2),
Ord_Date DATE,
Customer_id NUMBER,
Salesman_id NUMBER,
FOREIGN KEY (Customer_id) REFERENCES CUSTOMER(Customer_id),
FOREIGN KEY (Salesman_id) REFERENCES SALESMAN(Salesman_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

-- Insert sample data

INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (1000, 'John Smith', 'New York', 15);
INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (1001, 'Jane Doe', 'Chicago', 12.5);
INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (1002, 'Robert Johnson', 'London', 10);
INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (1003, 'Alice Williams', 'Paris', 13);
INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (1004, 'David Brown', 'New York', 11);

INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (101, 'Tom Wilson', 'New York', 3, 1000);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (102, 'Sarah Davis', 'Chicago', 2, 1001);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (103, 'James Taylor', 'London', 3, 1002);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (104, 'Lisa Anderson', 'Paris', 4, 1003);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (105, 'Mark Thompson', 'New York', 2, 1000);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (106, 'Emily Clark', 'Chicago', 1, 1001);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (107, 'Michael Harris', 'London', 2, 1002);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES (108, 'Jessica Martin', 'New York', 3, 1004);

INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (1, 1200.50, TO_DATE('10-JAN-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 101, 1000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (2, 850.25, TO_DATE('15-JAN-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 102, 1001);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (3, 1500.75, TO_DATE('20-JAN-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 103, 1002);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (4, 975.00, TO_DATE('25-JAN-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 104, 1003);
 INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (5, 2100.00, TO_DATE('05-FEB-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 105, 1000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (6, 1350.50, TO_DATE('10-FEB-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 106, 1001);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (7, 500.25, TO_DATE('15-FEB-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 107, 1002);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (8, 3200.00, TO_DATE('20-FEB-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 108, 1004);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (9, 1800.75, TO_DATE('25-FEB-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 101, 1000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (10, 950.50, TO_DATE('01-MAR-2023', 'DD-MON-YYYY'), 103, 1002);

Solution a) Find salesmen with more than one customer

sql

SELECT s.Salesman_id, s.Name

FROM SALESMAN s
WHERE s.Salesman_id IN (
SELECT Salesman_id
FROM CUSTOMER
GROUP BY Salesman_id
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
)
ORDER BY s.Salesman_id;

Solution b) List salesmen with/without customers in their cities (UNION)

sql

-- Salesmen who have customers in their cities

SELECT s.Salesman_id, s.Name, s.City, 'Has customers in city' AS Status
FROM SALESMAN s
WHERE EXISTS (
SELECT 1
FROM CUSTOMER c
WHERE c.Salesman_id = s.Salesman_id AND c.City = s.City
)
UNION
-- Salesmen who don't have customers in their cities
SELECT s.Salesman_id, s.Name, s.City, 'No customers in city' AS Status
FROM SALESMAN s
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT 1
FROM CUSTOMER c
WHERE c.Salesman_id = s.Salesman_id AND c.City = s.City
)
ORDER BY Salesman_id;

Solution c) Create a view for salesman with highest order

 sql

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW TopSalesman AS

SELECT s.Salesman_id, s.Name, o.Ord_Date, o.Purchase_Amt
FROM SALESMAN s
JOIN (
SELECT Ord_Date, MAX(Purchase_Amt) AS Max_Amt
FROM ORDERS
GROUP BY Ord_Date
) m ON m.Ord_Date = o.Ord_Date AND m.Max_Amt = o.Purchase_Amt
JOIN ORDERS o ON s.Salesman_id = o.Salesman_id
ORDER BY o.Ord_Date;

Solution d) Delete salesman with id 1000

sql

DELETE FROM SALESMAN WHERE Salesman_id = 1000;

-- Due to ON DELETE CASCADE, this will also delete orders from this salesman
-- Due to ON DELETE SET NULL, customer records will set Salesman_id to NULL

Solution e) Demonstrate triggers

sql
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER commission_update_trigger
BEFORE UPDATE OF Commission ON SALESMAN
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- Log commission changes
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salesman ID: ' || :OLD.Salesman_id ||
' Commission changing from ' || :OLD.Commission ||
'% to ' || :NEW.Commission || '%');

-- Additional business logic could be added here

-- For example, limit commission increases to 5% at a time
IF :NEW.Commission > :OLD.Commission + 5 THEN
:NEW.Commission := :OLD.Commission + 5;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Commission increase limited to 5%. New value: ' || :NEW.Commissio
END IF;
END;
/

-- Create a trigger for order insertion

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER new_order_trigger
AFTER INSERT ON ORDERS
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
v_salesman_name SALESMAN.Name%TYPE;
v_customer_name CUSTOMER.Cust_Name%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Get salesman and customer names
SELECT Name INTO v_salesman_name
FROM SALESMAN
WHERE Salesman_id = :NEW.Salesman_id;

SELECT Cust_Name INTO v_customer_name

FROM CUSTOMER
WHERE Customer_id = :NEW.Customer_id;

-- Log the new order

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New order #' || :NEW.Ord_No || ' recorded:');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Date: ' || TO_CHAR(:NEW.Ord_Date, 'DD-MON-YYYY'));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Amount: $' || :NEW.Purchase_Amt);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer: ' || v_customer_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salesman: ' || v_salesman_name);

-- Calculate commission amount

DECLARE
v_commission_rate SALESMAN.Commission%TYPE;
v_commission_amount NUMBER(10,2);
 BEGIN
SELECT Commission INTO v_commission_rate
FROM SALESMAN
WHERE Salesman_id = :NEW.Salesman_id;

v_commission_amount := :NEW.Purchase_Amt * (v_commission_rate / 100);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Commission (' || v_commission_rate || '%): $' || v_commission_amo
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: Salesman or Customer not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/

-- Test the triggers

UPDATE SALESMAN SET Commission = 18 WHERE Salesman_id = 1001;

INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (11, 2200.00, SYSDATE, 102, 1001);

12-29. Additional Database Operations

The remaining questions (12-29) cover similar database operations with slight variations. Here are
implementations for a few key ones:

Bank Database (Question 12)

 sql

-- Create Bank Database

CREATE TABLE Bank_Account (
Account_No VARCHAR2(20) PRIMARY KEY,
Customer_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Balance NUMBER(12,2) CHECK (Balance >= 0),
Account_Type VARCHAR2(20),
Opening_Date DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE
);

-- Insert sample data

INSERT INTO Bank_Account VALUES ('BA001', 'John Smith', 1200000.50, 'Savings', TO_DATE('10-JAN-
INSERT INTO Bank_Account VALUES ('BA002', 'Jane Doe', 1500000.75, 'Current', TO_DATE('15-FEB-20
INSERT INTO Bank_Account VALUES ('BA003', 'Robert Johnson', 800000.25, 'Savings', TO_DATE('20-M
INSERT INTO Bank_Account VALUES ('BA004', 'Alice Williams', 2000000.00, 'Fixed', TO_DATE('25-AP
INSERT INTO Bank_Account VALUES ('BA005', 'David Brown', 750000.50, 'Savings', TO_DATE('30-MAY-

-- PL/SQL program to retrieve depositors with balance above 10 lakhs

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_high_balance_accounts IS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('High Balance Account Holders (Above 10 Lakhs):');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('------------------------------------------------');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Account No | Customer Name | Balance | Account Type');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('------------------------------------------------');

FOR acc IN (
SELECT *
FROM Bank_Account
WHERE Balance > 1000000
HAVING Account_Type = 'Savings' -- Example of HAVING clause
ORDER BY Balance DESC
) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(acc.Account_No || ' | ' ||
acc.Customer_Name || ' | ' ||
TO_CHAR(acc.Balance, '999,999,999.99') || ' | ' ||
acc.Account_Type);
END LOOP;
END;
/

-- Execute the procedure

EXEC get_high_balance_accounts;

 

Cargo Service Database (Question 13)

sql

-- Create Cargo Service Database

CREATE TABLE Cargo_Company (
Company_ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Company_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Contact_Number VARCHAR2(20),
Email VARCHAR2(100)
);

CREATE TABLE Cargo_Customer (

Customer_ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Customer_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Address VARCHAR2(200),
Contact_Number VARCHAR2(20),
Email VARCHAR2(100)
);

CREATE TABLE Cargo_Booking (

Booking_ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Customer_ID NUMBER NOT NULL,
Company_ID NUMBER NOT NULL,
Source_Location VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Destination VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
Booking_Date DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
Delivery_Date DATE,
Weight NUMBER(10,2),
Cost NUMBER(12,2),
Status VARCHAR2(20) DEFAULT 'Booked',
FOREIGN KEY (Customer_ID) REFERENCES Cargo_Customer(Customer_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (Company_ID) REFERENCES Cargo_Company(Company_ID),
CONSTRAINT chk_delivery_date CHECK (Delivery_Date > Booking_Date),
CONSTRAINT chk_status CHECK (Status IN ('