Q. I. An athlete completes one round of a circular track of diamete r 200 m in 40 s.

What will be the

distance covered and the displacement at the end of 2 minutes and 20 seconds?
Ans. Here, the diameter of circular track= 200 m.
radius of circular track, r = 100 m.
Let th e athlete start moving from A which is treated as referenc e point.
•The distance covered by the athletes in 40
•
5 0
I {
A ----.. ·--·•----
= circumference of the circle . m 8
+-100 m-....-10 0----
= 2,rr = 2Jt )( 100 m = 200 1t m
I J •
;•; T:

•
••• The distance traversed in one second = 200n = Sn
40
 .
J)istance covered by athletes i . •
n 2 nunutes a d
2
= 51t x 140 .. 5 x-; x 140 == 2200: 20 ~d11 i.e., 140 • .• ;·
ll'•~t,, .,
Number _of complete rounds done b '. • 1 _ ·: ,_r;_ • .,,.,, 11 : • , '
. • 2,200 2 _ Y~he athlete. ·• _.. 1 •• • ,
·= - - = '200 • 2,200 x 7 ' ' • • • 1, ,
2001t 200 )( (22 / 7) = 2 =! == 3 ( - 1) .. ~ :\
00 x 22 2 I •5 = S + - round
11terefore, the fin~l position of athletes i;. 11 . ; ,: ~ , : • i , \. _ . __ _ . . 1...
d a half rounds ts B at the end of 2 • - •• • ,. • •, . •
an . • / minu~~\and 20 seconds or just after three 1
'lbe displacement at the end of 2 m· · . • • \,i , .-,
. tnutes and 20 seco d
.'= Aa; _the shortest distance b t . .. . n s. : . ·l ., .•
~ <.,,. n.1 ,.) ·---•>.' ,;;_., ... _:, ~ .... ·•·•-., h• ;~" ,': -~e_e_n initial and fi al
r . J ,,

. . L ___ '"· •• ,.u.

' = ~ameteroftrack = 200.~--~)·:•~~i·<:::_•n.-, :~-· !~. l rP~!~O~•-,, ,,1 :' -,:;· , .. :~ ··~.: ,i:, .. :.~. I .:- {;
Q. 2. Joseph jogs from one end A to the oth~ ~~~-~• 1 '"~: • • ' '' -i, ·, ' -., ·: , ' •· . .- , '. •• 't·
. and then turns around and jogs 100 b k O a straight 300 m road in 2 minutes 50 seconds
avenge speeds and velocities in jogrrim (ac) frto ~int c; ~n anq~er. l minute. What are Joseph's
. e-ng a om A to Band (b) fr A
Ans- (a) Total di~tance covered by Joseph• . -~) .. , ,.. . _o_m_ ~ ~ : . , _, ... _· •
in 2 min and 30 seconds =AB
I •

. . , •
Displacement
· ofJoseph in 2 min and 30 seconds o 100 • •
200 300
= AB = 300 m ~
A • ■
C B m
I i,

,.
•

_,.
, :•)

/,.
·~••

;-,:~~,~- ; ,

.....
'

-----~·,, .,
• ( l ' •• '
.Total time taken = 2 min 30 s.

(\I '}ill't ' , · :

Displa~ement ofJoseph= AC, . ~····'-.:_· .. :_-~··_ -·
the shortest distances between initial and final position= 200·~·, :(), •
•, I\ I·~ ! - •

Total time taken = 2 minutes 30 seconds+ 1 min ,t r / t. ~;

:,
~ ~ I , :~ • • , f • t , !

: !1~i: - ~o} -,: • ,, Ccs ·: --~·.,- _• • '.;:. '::.'. ~~ ~ 1

Average speed
Total distances covered ~
_ _________ . m = 190 . ms-1.. ~- . l
,Y,#"r-'
Total time taken ·210 s •
fi•••••°'• .... •~

.. -· Displacement , •·, . (: ~ • -·
c ,.Average velocity = ----=----- ,,
V
... ...
n
, ~-· ;.-: Totaltim,e;taken
200 1
_,-.,\,;,rit . ! . , , , ,
1
,,·, :·, . .
• ,. , .\(. ~~L'.~ '"= m =0.952 ms.- ~.0.95_~ ms->· . [;· >·:., ,.·, 1 1

• 210 s .
.• . , . , • 1 1 )• . ) -' I
j
. •
I.·
.,
, , .
_,

.Q. S., .~ul ~hile ~v,ing ~. sch~l ,comput~s ili,e, ~!~rag~.•~ for his _trip ~ ~ 20 On ~ lonh::•
, ,. '., , , ~ ~ trip ~o~g th~ ~e. ~":te: ,th~~ .~.1~'is ~ c ~~ ~~ .•~f~ge s ~ 1s ~ _kmh • What u
1
the avenge speed for Abdul's trip? ,,, . • . , .. ;.. ~.
,~_½t.~~ta~~?f/~~~1'~.s~~o~l,~,s 1,_• ,... 1 ,11 .·!;~1,.i.,,,..-,·.,.i·~ .)~.,--i. ••. 1
<1 .'_., •••

. 1i 5 I -·1. 'l \ ¼
• ' .. , IDle taken to his trip to school, Ii=-:, J "\ ·• '
I I ' ''
. .• 1
•· .: •. -- t, •. •: i
I} • . V1f ; • t,
I • • • • ••
•
.f
' J : ,. l,c

.
~",J :

s
I 1•.• i ; .
1- I
' j . ~ ..t } j J '
< ',' ,
I ~ •
r
t
I"',;'. • • • I , • f '.'.' , } j i}
...
.
l

''\Ii
·" ~
ti•
t • ...
.
i I ( •. : l, I
••t'
,I>
,'

't;
l
I •\ '

• .. ,,
'
'
7

i•'
,
•
• •
• •• ' •

1iune taken on his return trip.

I• f • ,

t2 = -
V2
 . . . ,,!• ,It', ·,•I ,, •'i ~ r' { l
Average speed = Total distances cov I;• I .
'l ..
ered • .• '· 1' • ! ';
1 , r r ~ . :--. :
4

Total time taken

• •• ,.
4
\( • ~· • ; t~ ::
~~ 1 ,, - 1 , , ••
= S +S '-' '-' 2v1 V2 QA QA
, ·•l·, 'lfl !(,: ·h·
_

t - s s = s(v +v ) -:-:·v ·+v2'' '•• h I 1 :: 1· 't1 •

'l ···1• :(:/,
1 + t2 _1 + - 2 2 .1 1 l. ';,, " 11•,' '..~
i. ,., Vt'
;· 1 t 1 ~- • "· ' - -
.V2 r" ;V1V 2
t. ..: l·,,, ., 11!1.__: ' '
;~•··,, ..,. )

. • -1
', •• ~ l ' \
He rc, v1 = 20kmh-1, v2 = 40
- •

. ',•· 2x 20x 40k , h''..:.i' km~ . , ., .

... V = -- -- m ·1 •• ,,, t If') )r I '
,--i _.,:
'

20 + 40 •
ov
. , 11 , .. , ·J'i, u, ii'':• n :,i,.d ... rr
= 26.67 kmh-l , ,~?''t
•• • • _, *'~ ...
•
l l •
,
, • l ' •1 ! i ~ 1♦ " a • 4
,1
\.

1, . ,. . , . ' • • • ; 1 ' .
Q. 4. A motorboat starting from rest '
ierates in a straight lin e at
•• ' ; I I - f•
. ?1 • , , . • • .•,a1con
•

• on a lak e acc e stant rate O -,.0 ma-I

for 8 seconds. How far does the boa 1, . •1 1 • , ii 1 1:, ~
• t travel during this time ' • ~-
Ans. Here,Initialvelocity,u =O d-1 • .
,Acceleration;a = 3.0ms- i ,~,. •• ~1;• t \ i - ', " , l t•_ r, .
. ?' ·; r : . ' :• : ~ ·. .: ;J'. r . . ~• ;, 1 •• ·~ '•~. >'~• •.. :·l,•v···:.~ •. . •.
_' ·.::.:
Time taken, t = 8.0 s, Distanc . . 11 d
e trave e , s = • ''·•••' . : •. . ~ &.,,,u.. .t.,. • • • • • , ' • I. •• •
• n o£'mot.Ion
From the equatio • •, we hav e'
•'..

• ' · ,. _ . •.• •
, •• \
* ,.,. 'f~l f'/.~' •i ;'tr,• JI
1• , .. , ,
~
·,il' or i,' •f f-:i.' },:
,
·1 ~ 11 • •
. . -, -r :,n
# ,~..

. . •,.:
•

} ., ·l·J ,., .
1·
. -r.,,,;,,,,:>
,· ,11 ,,.,., I ( . . ,
s = ut +- at 2 : '
,·s , ,.
, , • ., . t. 1 ,
.
~
•• 1 1 • ,
. •• , :·.
1 t 1 ,,,

2 __ . _. ·: ,: . ,1 • , :•• 1,:,: r:.• 1 , ~· , • i , t•, >-' f

1 l, '. (, : r: •'I ••., 11•l(
•, 1;1(l
I

= 0 ms - 1 x 8.0s + -l x 3.0 ms -2 x (s·o

. s)2 "'
·' • l;t~r• = ~'1·•:.
2
.!.=
; 2 x 3.0 ms - x 8s x 8s = 96. m f• .,
2
(. • t: :·. + (. (ii J ;, ~: =: I .::- ~•

• nce
So, the d ista 11 d b
trav e e y_ hoat 1s• 96 • : . > . ) 'l 1• l ; ; f., i .
m .. -.. • • • " • ·~· .. '-~-- 1' • [

Q. 5. A driver of a car travelling >... ,i,. .,.!.. ·,,) 1.

at 52 kmh.-1 applies' the b~ es' and
opp osi te dir ect ion . Th e car sto ps acc eler ates uniformly in the
in 5s. Anothe~ dri ver goi ng ·at.30
his brakes slowly and stops in 10s ~: •.i n an~th~i: car applies
. On the same graph paper,' plot the
for the two cars. Which of the two spe ed versus tim e graphs
cars ~velle<:I ~e r, ~e,r, ~~ bra
Ans. For the first car, kes we,~e. ap pli ~?
.,. .
Initial speed, u =52 kmh- 1
:! , . l ..
1
52x
- - -100 ---
0m
60x 60 s
= 14.4 ms-• .I.
The final velocity, v at t =5 s is zero
. ,
For second car,
Initial speed,
u = 20 kmh-1
• = 30x 1000 m = _ ms•l J •I ~

60x 60 s 8 3
The final velocity v at t = 10 s is zero.
(i) At t =O, the speed of car(firs
t) is 14.4 ..
ms-•, and at t = 5s, it is 0. As l
. ! t th~
acceleration is constant and
graph should be a straight line. So
~e ~r
(~rst) ~o~es in a ·fixed direct!on, the
spee~ ':e.:s'-:'s" ti;Je
required graph. we join the points.A ·and B by str~igh a·
• :; : ~ • t line 'tq 1ge~ th~
~ • • •, ·,, .. :
(ii) Att = 0, the speed of car (sec
ond) is 8.3 ms-•, and att ~ l0s,'its sp~
points C and D on the graph. As ed i~ zero. Thu~. ~-e get iwo
the acceleration is constant and the
direction, the speed versus time gra car moves in· a fixed
ph should be a straight line. Therefo
and D to get the required graph. re we join the poi nu C
.. , .. ; 1 1 , , . : • 1 ; . : •• - • : , • ••• • ;T
1
 • f •••• 1 "' , IJ

di.Ollce travelled by the first car betw • ••

. ., een 0 and 5s - Ar d ,
, == Area of the AOAB .. . .. , ,\ ~,. ea un er ~e speed-time graph.
1 1 ' . - ' ;. I • f , I >. ( t ' J , f . ,1 ) :: I I • t

== -x base x height=_ x OB x OA = ! ... : ' ; " , ·:• •. • • 1•.,

_ 2 2 x5sxl4.4ms-•=3G m:•:·J;,t._~··.~ . ' ' l /:
2 11I

.J:t!r.ance travelled by the second car bet.ween (0) and l0s ,· .r: 1 , :: -~ • r« ~
I,

~
.. == area under the speed-time graph. •:;;n.i -~·n ~i.', ..1.,,-l
. == area of AOCD \· .. ,_, ·• ;
•' l } ;,·• f1f' j
=2xODxOC=2 xl0sx8.3ms-1= 41.5m ... ,. , ,,,:,1•_.., :r:'i: .·,,
. I
' ~

.
rly the second car travelled farther after the b rakes were applied
..,..11
~- ' _ . . .
--.~ alongside shows the distance.Itime graph Of
....... f,'t
I• I

objects A, B and C. Study the graph and answer

following questions. ', ·' •• • • • ,,: ,. •
• tWhich: ~! the three is travelling the fastest?
I

••
. (6) Ide~~ ever at the same point on·th; ~~ad?n ·, ·if!
' ' It.· ♦ ~

(c) Bow fu: has C trave~led when B passes A?,,.. . ,_

.(d) How far ~as
B trav1:fi~ by the ~e it passes C? , :,
~ The graph of B makes ·the. largest angle :with.the
• • •' • ~ " '...

1
I
- iii

,• time-axis. Thus B is travelling the fastest.

I
If ~e thre~ obje~ts ~i i_at •~e .same J}!.ice at '\i' 'I
. particular lime, th~ three ·.. . . lines.,. should' intersect. at . '
th~ same point; As th~re is ~o S\!Ch point, the three i ;i_

:..:objects are never at the same p·oint on the road. . . . .

' ' ,.J ' '-. .. ·:.. ~ \ " I

) The graph~ f~r it and B intersect at the point D.

I

• Draw a perpendicular to the time-axis. from this

-:~· ~~L ~ line intersec~ ~he ~~P~. of (J__ at g,i~.p~inf .
• E which corresponds to_.a. distanct: of a~?¥t~:?,.~~ ,·

--
~L~~! 1~1 ,~►at 6.5 km w~en J3. p~s,s~f ~· -{,; .t n,•i;'l'.;,;:> 1. .•
.....
J) The graphs_ of, B and C !nte~s~c1~ ,~.t Pr1aw. ~..,. f:, . . ! I J
: perpendicular to the time axis from this point. The
·· time corresponding to this point is about 0.7 hour. •
tliust 'at •0.7 hour,~· ,B ·pa~ses le.·' 'The :·~i~tanc~_'·•
I

corresponding to the point of intersection is 4.5 k~ •• J

Jiff• l ).
■
SoB
. passes Cat 4.5 km. •'
tt 1: /(,'

I I •
., . . . .: · ' ' l l l l
I >' '1 , p l.'_ 11!
•
I 'i I I:t ti f J

.. : ,I ' ( I ..... ., iI ; •
I f I', . • . .,,, .__ "' • -

ball ia droppeel gend yu-oma

~· height of 20 m. If iu. velocity increases uniformly at the nte of 10
.,•1,- . . .
• will 1•t su-aa:
· hat ve oc1ty .......n.e the groundP After. wba_t time will it• strike the ground?
, lrith
. w 1 -
i1 1 .t ·. , \ .. . . •. , ..... =J
., - - -·· . .. - •
,
. . . I . .
e,uutial velocity/ti= 0 ms-· J :. ~:•}.:i• t:..: ,
y .

travelled, s 20 m = 2
1 i1 A ! . • ~-- \j

=
l!Wel~tion, a Rate of change of velocity 1O ms- =
\'elocity, V • ?
taken, t •?
Is From the equation of motion
 v 2 ~u 2 +2as· '· t :•, \ I' : f I 1 •

or, v 2 =(0 ms-1) 2 + 2x 10 ms-2 x 20m

or, . v 2 = 400 m 2s ~2 ~ ., , ., : ' (

or, v = 20 ms-1
' f I J , • r, I'~,·JJ''11
'•' l ~••1••J,;,.
-· ·11·: ' ) i l ,
Case II: We know t l' : • 1 • ; ,, 1
• 1.; ) ; , t ( , i' >'t~

v=u+ at .
or, 20 ms-1 = 0 ms-1 + 10 ms-2 x t
20 ms-1 in ; . 1 '
'
i' \ • ' ,• -
l ::. '' • , >' t•• ' l -- ' ff! • '· ) y
I ( l \ y'
Or t =--~ " J "' , ,. • • • ,
(,
I

' 10 ms-2
•
._.,• •l.•i •
..• , •
~> ~
r~ : ' ; • I i t
.~ .. • • . f•.,:• ' •
or t = 2s ••'· ' •• •
·,~ilJ ~,• .• .. : ... • l •:•:,,t -•~ ..

S:
,.

the ball will strike the groun d with velocity 20 ,ms-1 after two seconds:
• : ,:J'f •~ :; ,,-; •
Q. 8. The speed-time graph for a car is shown in
,, figure. 'I

• ,, • · (a) Find out how far does the car travel in '
the first 4 seconds. Shade the area on the ,·
graph that represents· the distance .. •
travelled by the car during the period.
(b) Which part of the graph repres~nts
uniform motion of the car?
. '
Ans. (a) Shade d area of .•the graph from .0 ~~ t~
indicates distance travelled. ., .
1

(b) Motion is unifor m after the 6th second.1 ,,.

' .. ~'1 11 '

t • ! •
i I
.
Q. 9. State which of the following situations are possible and give an f I • : \ •: a\

'example for each of these:

')
(a) an object with a constant acceleration but with zero velocity 1 1
.' ' • • ' : ) •

(b) an object moving in a certain direction with ~ acceleration

r ·,
in the perpe'ndicular direction.
Ans. (a), For_ e:,_cample, body throw n vertically up (when 1t 1s at thet • ' f
1 e •. ·, I·• f ) •• \ 'I

highe st point). •• •
t •

•
(b) Hqrizontally projected body. • ·~ ,' :. ' .
1
t • • •
1 1
• ' : • ' ' • • ': '
•• ,.. •\ f t t ' ' I l ' '
Q. 10. An ~cia l ~~llit e ii moving in a circular orbit of ndius • • t 1 • ,

km.
' '

42250 Calc ~te its speed if it

takes 24 houn to revolve around the ~uth. · •
j( f '

! 4 ; t • • J 1 4
• I J

Ans. Satellite completes one round in 24 hours I ~• ' '

•
. : . . · .~ ,, , .. . ',
I

t = 24h = 24 x 60 min.~· 24 x 3600s •

An~le tray~rsed by the satellite in completing one round = 2tt
Linea r speed of satellite = 21tr
T
_ 2ff X 42250 km
• • : ! ·;,. •·.• -. 24 X 36008 :' ,(,! \!<·,' ,f ~.t '{ ,1 ~r ••,d'li I ) : j, J 1·:
,, L :_.. ,. '~· ~._.,,. 9

·=6.28 x.422 50k.m ·.,,·.: •.. J··,, •. ! , • , t , ••

1 ••
4 ;,'. ·.'
•
'·. 1 '• :"!,

24 >< 3600 a (·: '1t ca: S.l 4). , •

= 3.1 km/a • I
•\ I

I I
I )

., ,j .' .