No. of candidate | 2022 B.Tech. 4» Semester End-Term Examination » HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES (New Regulation & New Syllabus) Ee Full Marks — 70 : Time — Three hours ‘The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions. Answer question No. 1 and any four from the rest. distance from pipe axis itl mixing length theory the turbulent shear stress isthe velocity of the approaching fluid city of the approaching fluid ‘Gii) The boundary layer thickness (a) decreases with the increase in (b) increases with the increase in the velo © ( isindependent ofthe velocity ofthe approaching fluid ~ @_ none of the above i (iv) Inpipelines, a surge tank is provided @)_torelieve the pressure due to water hammer (@) toprovide additional water head (0 tooverflow the pipe line when suddenly closed (@ toremove the frictional loss in pipe ‘Pressure drag results due to “(@) turbulence in the wake existence of stagnation point in the front of a body(x) &) (a) (b) (a) (b) The value of speed ratio in case of a Francis turbine ranges from (a) 0.2 to 0.3? (b) 0.4 to 0.5 © 0600.9 (@)_ none of the above ‘The delivery valve, while starting centrifugal pump, is kept (a) fully closed (b) fully open (©) halfopen (d) in any position Derive an expression for mean velocity for laminar flow between parallel plates, both plates being at rest. ® ‘A 30 mm diameter vertical pipe conveys oil of dynamic viscosity of 0.15 N.s/m2 and specific gravity of 0.8. The pressures measured at two points A and B located 20 m apart (A being at higher elevation) are 20 m and 48 m respectively. If the flow is laminar, determine the direction of flow and the discharge. @ With a neat sketch explain the growth of boundary layer along a long thin plate. @) > Ua ‘The velocity distribution within the boundary layer is given by = ( ¥ } Obtain the ratio of displacement thickness to momentum thickness. © In stream of oil of specific gravity 0.9 and kinematic viscosity 0.9 x 10“ m/s moving at 5.5 m/s, a plate of 1 m length and 0.5 m width is placed parallel to the direction of motion. Calculate the friction drag on one side of the plate. "Also, find the thickness of the boundary layer and the shear stress at the trailing edge of the plate. © A oylinder rotates at 400 r.p.m. about its axis which is perpendicular to the air a velocity of 20 m/s. The cylinder is 1.5 m in diameter and (@ circulation, (ii) theoretical lift force per unit length, of stagnation points and (iv) actual lift and drag. .40) ®) [Turn overcm ymmetrical station, 5. (a) Find the forve exerted by a jet impinging on a eer de sie, ty curved vane tangentially at one of the tips. vane is symmetrical. ikes ane, which jg (b) A jet of water having a velocity of 40 mis strikes a ome Piebi a moving with a velocity of 20 m/s. The jet makes an ang] 16 of 90° to th, direction of motion of vane at inlet and leaves at an ae Pee aan direction of motion of vane at outlet. Draw the velocity triangles al i - ind outlet and determine the vane angles at inlet and outlet so that the aie enters and leaves the vane without shock. °) 6. (@) A pelton wheel generates 8000 kW under a net head of 130 m at a speed of 200 r-p.m. Assuming the co-efficient of velocity for the nozzle 0.98, hydraulic efficiency 87%, mechanical efficiency is 75%, speed ratio 0.46 and jet ; diameter to wheel diameter ratio 1/9, determine: () Discharge required Gi) Diameter of the wheel (iii) Diameter and number of jets required (iv) Specific speed @ 4 (b) . A reaction turbine works at 500 rpm under a head of 100 m. Its:diameter at : . inlet is 1 m and the flow area is 0.35 m*. The angles made by absolute and relative velocities at inlet are 15° and 60° respectively ‘with the tangential velocity. Determine: (@ The volume flow rate Q (ii) The power developed and (iii) The hydraulic efficiency, (8) 7. (@ Explain briefly the different efficiencies of a centrifugal pump, @ (%) Explain the principle of working of a Teciprocating pump with figure, naming the different main parts, (5) (© The impeller of a centrifugal pump has an ext internal diameter of 180 mm and it runs at 1 radial flow through the impeller at 2.5 m/s anc set back at an angle of 25°, determine: (i) inlet vane angle, Gi) The angle absolute vel tangent, and ii) The work done per N of water. ernal diameter of 400 mm and 440 rpm. Assuming a constant d that the vanes at the exit are locity of water at the exit makes with the ©No. of printed pages = 4 181401 oll No. of candidate | 2023 B.Tech, 4h Semester End-Term Examination HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES (New Regulation) (w.e.f. 2017-18) & (New syllabus) (w.e.f, 2018-19)) Full Marks — 70 ‘Time - Three hours ‘The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions. ‘Answer question No. 1 and any four questions. 1. Choose the correct answer : (10x 1= 10) () The friction factor (f) in pipe flow with velocity (V) of a liquid having density (p) in terms of shear stress (ro) is given by ye oe eae Ds avi ® fe 2 @ ee 0 ‘on a sphere of diameter (D) over which fluid is flowing U for Reynold’s no. (Re) less than 0.2 is given by () Fp =3824DU R ‘stationary parallel plates the city is equal to 24 3 @) myth 2|rir eh eae ee b) pressure energy only (©) potential energy, kinetic energy and pressure energy (@ drag force ate in the direction of jet is equal to @) pAV*(1-sina) -a single-acting reciprocati2. (a) If the velocity distribution within the laminar boundary layer on a flat plate ‘is assumed to in the form, w=a sin(by)+¢, where a,b,c are constants, (4) determine the velocity distribution law. (b) A cylinder rotates at 200 r.p.m. with its axis perpendicular to the stream of air having a velocity of 20 m/s,. The cylinder is 2m in diameter and 8m long. Find- G) the circulation ii) the position of stagnation points (iii) the speed of rotation of the cylinder for single stagnation point : Take, p,;,=1.24 kg/m*. © (©) A sphere 5 cm in diameter and of relative diameter 2.5 is attached to a string is suspended from the roof of a wind tunnel. If an, air stream flows past the sphere with a speed of 80 kmph, find the inclination of the string to the horizontal and the tension in the string. 6) Take, pai, =1.25 kg/m®, nip = 1.4 x10 m/s C4, =0.5 for 10* 3 x 10° (a) Starting from N-S equation derive the expression for velocity distribution and rate of flow for laminar flow between two straight stationary parallel plates with non- zero pressure gradient. () Crude oil of =1.5 poise and relative density 0.9 flows through a 25 mm diameter vertical pipe. Two pressure gauges are fixed 20 m apart and the at pressure readings at lower one and upper one read 60,25 N/om* and _ 20.65 N/em* respectively. Find the direction and rate of flow. () g pipe to be elastic and water to be compressible, derive an for intensity of pressure developed inside the pipe due to sudden in water hammer situation, (8) ‘rough 10 cm pipe is found to increase 10% as a pitot n Beene) « voit 3.0 cm from the@)_ Aijet of water of diameter 7.5 em strikes a sinooth curved plate at its centre ith a velocity of 25 m/s, The curved plate is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s in the direction of the jet. The jet is deflected through an angle of 165" Find (i) The force exerted on the plate in the direction of the jet @, Power of the jet. (4) ‘A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 15 m is running at 120 r.p.m. If “the vane angle at the extreme edge of the runner at outlet is 15° and flow .6, find the velocity of flow and the diameter of the runner. 6) ayailable at the nozzle lic efficiency of the turbine. il pump is running at 1000 r-p.m. The outlet vane angle of the and velocity of flow at outlet is 2.5m/s. The discharge is 200 litres/s, when the pump is working against a total manometric efficiency of the pump is 80%, determine the r au the width of the ms at outlet. ®Total No. of printed pages = 4 CE 181401 O; RottNo.ofeantidate [|] | ] [] ne 2024 B.Tech, 4*4 Semester End-Term Examination Civil Engineering HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULICS MACHINES : New Regulation (w.e.f, 2017-18) & New Syllabus (w.e.f. 2018-19) Full Marks ~70 ‘Time - Three hours ee ‘The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions. Answer Questions No. 1 and any four from the rest. 1. __ Inthe following multiple choice questions, Choose the correct answer :(10 x 1= 10) G) Newton's law of viscosity states to which of the following? (a) Pressure, velocity and viscosity () Shear stress and rate of angular deformation in a fluid Shear stress, temperature and viscosity of a fluid ) Shear stress and pressure of a fluid - analysis of viscous flow problems can be made by inuity equationt's aa ig length J is assumed as equal to ky @ Ky cee for smooth pipes for Reynolds number equal to ) 0.002 @ 001 network problems, necessary condition is f water having velocity V striking a vertical plate moving ‘maximum when ca (a) Considering laminar flow of an incompressible fluid through’ a horizontal pipe, derive the relationship between mean velocity and maximum velocity of flow, (10) (b) A fluid of specific Gravity 0.8 and viscosity 9 Poise is flowing in a fully developed laminar regime through a horizontal circular pipe of length 20 m and diameter 0.2 m.If the head loss between two sections of pipe is 5 m, find the average velocity and friction factor for the flow, (5) 3. (a) Explain the factors which affect the thickness of boundary layer. (3) (b) If the velocity distribution in a turbulent boundary layer is expressed as, v 4 eto i v { z) find the ratio of @ Displacement thickness to momentum thickness and @) Momentum thickness to energy thickness. (8) (© A thin smooth plate of 0.5 m width and 1.5m length moves at 2.5 m/s along its length in still atmospheric air of density 1.2 kg/m? and kinematic viscosity 1.5 x 10° mls. Calculate the maximum thickness of the boundary layer and the drag force on the plate. (4) Q@+2=4) @ — Hydrodynamically smooth and rough surfaces (ii) Form drag and friction drag airplane weighing 120 kN has a wing area of 20 m’ and is flying at a Velocity of 720 km/h at a steady level instill air, Determine keep the airplane at this velocity (Assume 6 8.2 km long and 30 cm diameter. of 12108 litiday The pipeline valve at the reservoir end. If licate whether there is any 6) [Turn over‘between the turbine and pump, (3) ‘diameter 50mm strikes a fixed plate in such a way that the n the plate and the jet is 30°. The force exerted by the jet of direction of jet is 1471.5 N. Determine the rate of flow of water. * (4) jion for the work done per sec on a series of moving curved n a jet of water strikes the vanes at one of its tips. (8) a velocity of 15 m/s, strikes on a curved vane which is ity 6 m/s in the same direction as that of the jet at inlet. shaped that the jet is deflected by an angle 135°. f the jet is 150 mm, Assuming the vane to be smooth, find (8) impeller of a centrifugal pump on : (7)