WORD ORDER IN SENTENCES AND QUESTIONS 14.

I hope you remembered …………………………

Ask a WH-question about each of the following (give) Ann my message.
sentences. More than one Wh-question may be 15. I don’t remember ………………………… (give) Ann
possible. Write as many as you can. my message.
1. ………………? I am visiting my friend tomorrow. REPORTED SPEECH
2. ………………? She will arrive by train tonight. Rewrite the following sentences without
3. ………………? He has taken David’s car to his house. changing the meaning of the original sentence.
4. ………………? I was sleeping when the alarm went 1. “Where do you live?” he asked her.
off. 2. She wanted to know whether he would arrive on
5. ………………? She had forgotten to take her biology time.
book to school. 3. “Take this money and put it in your bank!” his
6. ………………? It is approximately 19 kilometres from mother said.
my house to school. 4. “Let’s go to the beach now,” he said.
7. ………………? The bridge club will be open three 5. “Who took my books from here?” she asked.
times a week. 6. He asked how much it cost.
8. ………………? It’s about 75 kilometres from here to 7. “Please don’t smoke here,” she asked him.
the mountains. 8. “They will have finished painting our house by next
9. ………………? I wrote to Julie. week,” she said.
10. ………………? I broke my grandmother’s 9. Are you leaving early today?” he enquired.
vase. 10.“Asia is the largest of the five continents,” he said.
VERB COMPLEMENTS 11.“Go and bring your things to me now,” he said to
Fill in the blanks with the TO-infinitive or root him.
form of the verb in brackets or –ing form. 12.“We must fill in our tax returns tomorrow,” he
1. The guard would not let me ………………………… (go) said.
into building. 13.She asked where I had studied for my first degree.
2. Mrs Smith always made her children 14.The clerk wanted to know when I was born.
………………………… (put) away their toys before they 15.David apologized for being late.
went to bed. RELATIVE CLAUSES
3. Mrs Jones will not allow her dog ………………………… Combine the following sentences using an
(sit) on the sofa appropriate relative pronoun. Pay attention to
4. As a child, I was always made ………………………… the punctuation.
(put) away my toys before I went to bed. 1. Greta Garbo died in 1990. She was an international
5. Johnny was made ………………………… (go) to bed film star.
early because he had been a naughty boy. 2. Mr. Carter is my neighbour. His house was
6. Johnny’s mother made him ………………………… (say) damaged during the earthquake.
he was sorry for being naughty. 3. I don’t know the woman. She spoke to me this
7. I wish you wouldn’t let everyone ………………………… morning.
(know) what you are doing. 4. This is the school. I studied there as a child.
8. Why don’t you let me ………………………… (help) you? 5. George Eliot wrote Middlemarch. He is buried in
9. Angela saw the accident ………………………… Highgate Cemetery in London.
(happen), so she went to call an ambulance. 6. I’d like you to meet Anna. You will be working with
10. The thief didn’t manage ………………………… her in the future.
(find) the jewellery. 7. We saw the palace. Louis XIV lived there.
11. We’re not interested in ………………………… (see) 8. This is the date. Your assignment has to be finished
that film. by then.
12. I’ve nearly finished. I’ve just got two pages 9. You can see a lot of animals on safari in Kenya.
………………………… (read). Some of them are very dangerous.
13. I’ll never get used ………………………… (hear) 10.I will never forget the day. My eldest son was born
such bad language. that day.
 REVIEW OF TENSES 1. Make a note of it because you may forget.
Complete with the correct form of the verbs. 2. If that actor doesn’t improve, he will be replaced.
1. I ………… (not see) my sister for the last four years. (otherwise)
She ………… (work) abroad as a translator. I ………… 3. I wonder how he would react if he received that
(expect) she ………… (be) back in the country before telegram now. (suppose)
the end of the year. 4. You must eat only fresh fruit in that country.
2. While the building company ………… (pull down) the Otherwise, you may get food poisoning. (provided)
old houses, many local residents ………… 5. Only if you do it well and you’ll pass the exam.
(demonstrate) outside the town hall in protest. They (provided/as long as)
………… (claim) that these houses ………… (be) historical 6. If I asked you to help out, would you be willing to
monuments. do so? (supposing)
3. Susannah …………(not able) to play in the concert 7. They didn’t make any noise because they didn’t
yesterday because she ………… (break) her wrist want to wake up the baby.
playing netball in the school gym. Her doctor ………… 8. The author will complete the book in time, but he
(tell) her to rest her arm for at least six weeks, so she needs his agent’s help.
………… (not play) at the graduation ceremony next 9. I would be very happy if I had passed the driving
month either. test. (wish)
4. Recently, scientists ………… (try) to help sea turtles 10.I can’t hear what she is saying because he doesn’t
in Florida that …………(suffer) from a disease that stop talking. (if only)
causes the growth of tumours on the body. PREPOSITIONS
5. Last night, we ………… (go) to the concert. Complete with the correct preposition:
Unfortunately by the time we ……….(arrive) the 1. The patient is suffering …… an allergy …… fish.
concert ………… (already begin), so we ………… (have) to 2. I have often dreamed …… meeting a famous film
wait until the orchestra ………… (finish) playing the first star.
piece before we ………… (take) our seats. 3. There is a major shortage …… food in Sudan.
THE PASSIVE VOICE People are dying …… starvation.
Rewrite the following sentences without 4. Elena is interested …… the idea …… developing the
changing the meaning of the original sentence. bay into a tourist resort.
1. We have reserved a table for dinner at the Hilton. 5. What’s the matter …… you? I’m tired …… your
2. They were selling tickets for the concert all moods.
morning. 6. Scientists still haven’t found a cure …… AIDS.
3. Are all the students registered before the school 7. The teacher explained the problem …… the pupils,
year starts? who were not aware …… the reasons …… the strike.
4. After we had serviced the car, we took a holiday. 8. Are you ready …… your driving test? You look a bit
5. Parliament passes laws in England. worried …… it?
6. Are the hotel rooms cleaned every day? 9. The train arrived …… Paris quite late in the
7. The white-fly is destroying melon crops in the USA. evening.
8. Everybody in this city knows him well. 10.Third World countries depend …… foreign aid to
9. She didn’t tell anyone about the phone call. develop their economies.
10.The school doesn’t permit smoking. 11.Can you give me an example …… a wild flower that
11.Christopher Marlowe wrote those lines, not grows in Greece?
William Shakespeare. 12.Michael was punished …… being rude …… his
12.You don’t have to pay this bill until next week. father’s friend.
13.My teacher made me do the homework. 13.Nicholas isn’t keen …… going to university even
14.You should inform the police immediately. though he was successful …… his entrance exams.
15.We will only invite close friends to our party. 14.Why don’t you listen …… what I’m saying instead of
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES laughing …… me?
Rewrite the following sentences without 15.You are responsible ………… locking all the doors.
changing the meaning of the original sentence.
SOLUCIONES:

WORD ORDER IN SENTENCES AND QUESTIONS

Ask a WH-question about each of the following sentences. More than one Wh-question may be possible. Write as
many as you can.

1. ……………… Who are you visiting tomorrow? / When are you visiting your friend?

I am visiting my friend tomorrow.

2. ……………… When will she arrive? / How will she arrive tonight?

She will arrive by train tonight.

3. ……………… Where has he taken David’s car? / Whose car has he taken to his house?

He has taken David’s car to his house.

4. ……………… What were you doing when the alarm went off?

I was sleeping when the alarm went off.

5. ……………… Which book / What has she forgotten to take to school?

She had forgotten to take her biology book to school.

6. ……………… How far is it from your house to school?

It is approximately 19 kilometres from my house to school.

7. ……………… How often will the bridge club be open? / What will be open three times a week?

The bridge club will be open three times a week.

8. ……………… How far is it to the mountains?

It’s about 75 kilometres from here to the mountains.

9. ……………… Who did you write to?

I wrote to Julie.

10. ……………… Whose vase did you break? / What did you break?

I broke my grandmother’s vase.

VERB COMPLEMENTS

Fill in the blanks with the infinitive or root form of the verb in brackets.

1. The guard would not let me ………………………… (go) into building. go

2. Mrs Smith always made her children ………………………… (put) away their toys before they went to bed. put

3. Mrs Jones will not allow her dog ………………………… (sit) on the sofa to sit
4. As I child, I was always made ………………………… (put) away my toys before I went to bed. to put

5. Johnny was made ………………………… (go) to bed early because he had been a naughty boy. to go

6. Johnny’s mother made him ………………………… (say) he was sorry for being naughty. say

7. I wish you wouldn’t let everyone ………………………… (know) what you are doing. know

8. Why don’t you let me ………………………… (help) you? help

9. Angela saw the accident ………………………… (happen), so she went to call an ambulance. happen

10. The thief didn’t manage ………………………… (find) the jewellery. to find

11. We’re not interested in ………………………… (see) that film. seeing

12. I’ve nearly finished. I’ve just got two pages ………………………… (read). to read.

13. I’ll never get used ………………………… (hear) such bad language. to hearing

14. I hope you remembered ………………………… (give) Ann my message. to give

15. I don’t remember ………………………… (give) Ann my message. giving

REVIEW OF TENSES

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. I ……haven’t seen…… (not see) my sister for the last four years. She ……works…… (work) abroad as a
translator. I ……expect…… (expect) she ……will be…… (be) back in the country before the end of the year.
2. While the building company ……was pulling down…… (pull down) the old houses, many local residents ……
demonstrated…… (demonstrate) outside the town hall in protest. They ……claimed…… (claim) that these
houses ……were…… (be) historical monuments.
3. Susannah ……wasn’t able……(not able) to play in the concert yesterday because she ……had broken……
(break) her wrist playing netball in the school gym. Her doctor ……told…… (tell) her to rest her arm for at
least six weeks, so she ……won’t be playing…… (not play) at the graduation ceremony next month either.
4. Recently, scientists ……have been trying …… (try) to help sea turtles in Florida that ……suffer……(suffer) from
a disease that causes the growth of tumours on the body.
5. Last night, we ……went…… (go) to the concert. Unfortunately by the time we ……arrived….(arrive) the concert
……had already begun…… (already begin), so we ……had…… (have) to wait until the orchestra ……had
finished…… (finish) playing the first piece before we ……took…… (take) our seats.

THE PASSIVE VOICE

Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning of the original sentence.

1. We have reserved a table for dinner at the Hilton.

A table for dinner has been reserved at the Hilton.
2. They were selling tickets for the concert all morning.
Tickets were being sold for the concert all morning.
3. Are all the students registered before the school year starts?
Do they register all the students before the school year starts?
 4. After we had serviced the car, we took a holiday.
After the car had been serviced, we took a holiday.
5. Parliament passes laws in England.
Laws are passed by Parliament in England.
6. Are the hotel rooms cleaned every day?
Do they clean the hotel room every day?
7. The white-fly is destroying melon crops in the USA.
Melon crops are being destroyed by the white-fly in the USA.
8. Everybody in this city knows him well.
He is well-known in this city.
9. She didn’t tell anyone about the phone call.
No one was told about the phone call.
10. The school doesn’t permit smoking.
Smoking is not permitted by the school.
11. Christopher Marlowe wrote those lines, not William Shakespeare.
Those lines were written by Christopher Marlowe, not William Shakespeare.
12. You don’t have to pay this bill until next week.
This bill doesn’t have to be paid until next week.
13. My teacher made me do the homework.
I was made to do the homework by my teacher.
14. You should inform the police immediately.
The police should be informed immediately.
15. We will only invite close friends to our party.
Only close friends will be invited to our party.

REPORTED SPEECH

Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning of the original sentence.

1. “Where do you live?” he asked her.

He asked her where she lived.
2. She wanted to know whether he would arrive on time.
“Will you arrive on time?” she wanted to know.
3. “Take this money and put it in your bank!” his mother said.
His mother told him to take that money and put it in his bank.
4. “Let’s go to the beach now,” he said.
He suggested that they go/went to the beach then. / He suggested going to the beach then.
5. “Who took my books from here?” she asked.
She asked who had taken her books from there.
6. He asked how much it cost.
“How much does it cost?” he asked.
7. “Please don’t smoke here,” she asked him.
She asked him not to smoke there.
8. “They will have finished painting our house by next week,” she said.
She said that they would have finished painting their house by the following week.
9. Are you leaving early today?” he enquired.
He enquired (as to) if/whether I was leaving early that day.
10. “Asia is the largest of the five continents,” he said.
He said that Asia is/was the largest of the five continents.
 11. “Go and bring your things to me now,” he said to him.
She told him to go and bring his things to her then.
12. “We must fill in our tax returns tomorrow,” he said.
He said that they had to / would have to fill in their tax returns the following day.
13. She asked where I had studied for my first degree.
“Where did you study for your first degree?” she asked.
14. The clerk wanted to know when I was born.
The clerk asked, “when were you born?”
15. David apologized for being late.
“Please accept my apology/apologies for being late,” said David.

RELATIVE CLAUSES

Combine the following sentences using an appropriate relative pronoun. Pay attention to the punctuation.

1. Greta Garbo died in 1990. She was an international film star.

- Greta Garbo, who was an international film star, died in 1990.
2. Mr. Carter is my neighbour. His house was damaged during the earthquake.
- Mr. Carter, whose house was damaged during the earthquake, is my neighbour.
3. I don’t know the woman. She spoke to me this morning.
- I don’t know the woman who spoke to me this morning.
4. This is the school. I studied there as a child.
- This is the school at/in which I studied as a child.
5. George Eliot wrote Middlemarch. He is buried in Highgate Cemetery in London.
- George Eliot, who is buried in Highgate Cemetery in London, wrote Middlemarch.
- George Eliot, who wrote Middlemarch, is buried in Highgate Cemetery in London.
6. I’d like you to meet Anna. You will be working with her in the future.
- I’d like you to meet Anna, with whom you’ll be working in the future.
7. We saw the palace. Louis XIV lived there.
- We saw the palace where Louis XIV lived.
8. This is the date. Your assignment has to be finished by then.
- This is the date by which your assignment has to be finished.
9. You can see a lot of animals on safari in Kenya. Some of them are very dangerous.
- On safari in Kenya, you can see a lot of animals, some of which are very dangerous.
10. I will never forget the day. My eldest son was born that day.
I will never forget the day that/when/in which my eldest son was born.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning of the original sentence.

1. Make a note of it because you may forget.

Make a note of it in case you forget.
2. If that actor doesn’t improve, he will be replaced. (otherwise)
That actor must improve, otherwise he will be replaced.
3. I wonder how he would react if he received that telegram now. (suppose)
Suppose he received that telegram now, how would he react?
4. You must eat only fresh fruit in that country. Otherwise, you may get food poisoning. (provided)
Provided you eat only fresh fruit in that country, you won’t get food poisoning.
 5. Only if you do it well and you’ll pass the exam. (provided/as long as
Provided you do it well, you’ll pass the exam.
6. If I asked you to help out, would you be willing to do so? (supposing)
Supposing I asked you to help out, would you be willing?
7. They didn’t make any noise because they didn’t want to wake up the baby.
They didn’t make any noise in case it woke the baby up.
8. The author will complete the book in time, but he needs his agent’s help.
The author will complete the book in time as long as he has his agent’s help.
9. I would be very happy if I had passed the driving test. (wish)
I wish I had passed the driving test.
10. I can’t hear what she is saying because he doesn’t stop talking. (if only)
If only he would stop talking, I could hear what she is saying.

PREPOSITIONS

Complete with the correct preposition:

1. The patient is suffering ……from…… an allergy ……to…… fish.

2. I have often dreamed ……of/about…… meeting a famous film star.
3. There is a major shortage ……of…… food in Sudan. People are dying ……of……starvation.
4. Elena is interested ……in…… the idea ……of…… developing the bay into a tourist resort.
5. What’s the matter ……with…… you? I’m tired ……of…… your moods.
6. Scientists still haven’t found a cure ……for……AIDS.
7. The teacher explained the problem ……to…… the pupils, who were not aware ……of…… the reasons ……for……
the strike.
8. Are you ready ……for……your driving test? You look a bit worried ……about…… it?
9. The train arrived ……in…… Paris quite late in the evening.
10. Third World countries depend ……on……foreign aid to develop their economies.
11. Can you give me an example ……of…… a wild flower that grows in Greece?
12. Michael was punished ……for…… being rude ……to……his father’s friend.
13. Nicholas isn’t keen ……on…… going to university even though he was successful ……in…… his entrance exams.
14. Why don’t you listen ……to…… what I’m saying instead of laughing ……at…… me?
15. You are responsible ……for…… locking all the doors.