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2023 June CHT204-C

This document is an examination paper for the Fourth Semester B.Tech Degree in Heat Transfer Operations at APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, consisting of both Part A and Part B questions. Part A includes short answer questions on various heat transfer concepts, while Part B contains detailed questions from different modules requiring in-depth responses. The exam is structured to assess knowledge on thermal conductivity, heat exchangers, and evaporation processes, among other topics.

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37 views3 pages

2023 June CHT204-C

This document is an examination paper for the Fourth Semester B.Tech Degree in Heat Transfer Operations at APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, consisting of both Part A and Part B questions. Part A includes short answer questions on various heat transfer concepts, while Part B contains detailed questions from different modules requiring in-depth responses. The exam is structured to assess knowledge on thermal conductivity, heat exchangers, and evaporation processes, among other topics.

Uploaded by

user-942026
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C 02000CHT204052104 Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________


APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Fourth Semester B.Tech Degree Supplementary Examination June 2023 (2019 scheme)

Course Code: CHT204


Course Name: HEAT TRANSFER OPERATIONS
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
(Answer all questions; each question carries 3 marks) Marks

1 What are isotropic materials and anisotropic materials? (3)


2 Define thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of materials. Mention their (3)
physical meaning.
3 Explain the relationship between the thickness of thermal boundary layer and (3)
hydrodynamic boundary layer to Prandtl number.
4 Mention the physical meaning of Rayleigh number and Grashof number in heat (3)
transfer.
5 Define reflectivity, absorptivity and transmissivity in radiation heat transfer. Give (3)
the relationship between them.
6 What is the mechanism of dropwise condensation? Why promoters are added in (3)
dropwise condensation?
7 Write notes on classification of heat exchangers according to transfer process. (3)
8 Explain the calculation of overall heat-transfer coefficient for heat exchangers. (3)
9 Differentiate between single-effect evaporation and multiple-effect evaporation. (3)
10 Write notes about the effects of liquid head on temperature drop in an evaporator. (3)
PART B
(Answer one full question from each module, each question carries 14 marks)

Module -1
11 a) Derive expression for heat flux and temperature drop across each layer for heat 10
transfer by conduction through a flat wall constructed of a series of three
different layers.
b) Calculate the rate of heat transfer in a spherical vessel of 16 m diameter that 4
contains liquid ammonia at 4oC. The tank is insulated with a 10 cm thick layer of

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02000CHT204052104

polyurethane foam having a thermal conductivity of 0.02 W / (m oC). The outer


surface temperature of the insulation is 27oC.
12 a) Define Biot number and Fourier number. Mention their physical meaning. 5
b) Derive expression for critical insulation thickness on insulated pipe for attaining 9
maximum heat transfer rate.
Module -2
13 a) Discuss the estimation of heat transfer coefficient for heat transfer by forced 11
convection using dimensional analysis method. Explain any one method.
b) Compare Rayleigh method and Buckingham Pi theorem. 3
14 A furnace with a steel door, having an inner lining of an insulating material, is at 14
a temperature of 65oC. The door, 1.5 m high and 1 m wide, loses heat to an
ambient at 25oC. Calculate the rate of heat loss from the door at steady state. The
average air film temperature is, Tf = 45oC. At this temperature, the relevant
properties of air are: Prandtl number = 0.695, kinematic viscosity = 1.85 x 10 – 5
m2/sec, coefficient of volumetric expansion is β = (1 / Tf) K – 1 and k = 0.028 W /
(m oC). Average Nusselt number can be expressed as
0.387 𝑅𝑎1/6
𝑁𝑢1/2 = 0.825 + 8/27
[1+ (0.496/𝑃𝑟)9/16 ]

Module -3
15 A large aluminium sheet, lacquered black on both sides, is passed vertically 14
between two steel plates 150 mm apart. One plate is kept at 573 K and other at
298 K. (a) What is the temperature of lacquered sheet? (b) Estimate heat
transferred between walls when equilibrium has been reached. Neglect
convection effects. Emissivity of steel is 0.56 and that of lacquered sheet is 1.
16 a) Name two correlations used in boiling heat transfer, giving use of each 5
b) Draw the typical heat flux vs. temperature drop curve for pool boiling of 9
saturated liquid on an electrically heated wire and explain the significance of
various segments in the curve.
Module -4
17 a) Explain the constructional details and uses of: plate-type heat exchangers and 8
extended surface heat exchangers.
b) What causes fouling of heat exchangers? Explain the calculation of overall heat 6
transfer coefficient in heat exchangers with fouling factor.

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02000CHT204052104

18 Water at the rate of 3.783 kg/s is heated from 37.78 to 54.44 oC in a shell-and- 14
tube heat exchanger. On the shell side one pass is used with water as the heating
fluid, 1.892 kg/s, entering the exchanger at 93.33oC. The overall heat-transfer
coefficient is 1419 (W / m2 oC), and the average water velocity in the 1.905 cm
diameter tubes is 0.366 m/s. Because of space limitations, the tube length must
not be longer than 2.438 m. Calculate the number of tube passes, the number of
tubes per pass, and the length of the tubes, consistent with this restriction.
Module -5
19 a) With a neat sketch, explain the constructional details, working principle and uses 10
of long-tube vertical evaporator with upward flow of the liquid.
b) Write notes about boiling-point elevation and Duhring's rule in evaporators. 4
20 a) A triple-effect evaporator is concentrating a liquid that has no appreciable 8
elevation in boiling point. The temperature of the steam to the first effect is
108°C, the boiling point of the solution in the last effect is 52°C. The overa1l
heat-transfer coefficients, in W / (m2°C), are 2500 in the first effect, 2000 in the
second effect, and 1000 in the third effect. At what temperatures will the liquid
boil in the first and second effects?
b) Describe the material balance and energy balances for single effect evaporator. 6
***

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